Inbreeding with Yourself

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Reproduction usually takes two parents, at least in most sexually reproductive species. But there's a few different species that have decided to go solo, so to speak. From whiptail lizards to California condors, here are a few of the coolest single moms in the animal world!
Hosted by: Savannah Geary (they/them)
The Virgin Births Of The Animal Kingdom
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Sources:
Dr. Florian Meier, interview
www.sciencealert.com/physics-...
phys.org/news/2023-11-limits-...
www.newscientist.com/article/...
journals.aps.org/prl/abstract...
journals.aps.org/prx/abstract...
journals.aps.org/prx/abstract...
www.quantamagazine.org/the-ne...
phys.org/news/2021-05-thermod...
journals.aps.org/prl/abstract...
spectrum.ieee.org/quantum-com...
www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/...
www.nobelprize.org/prizes/phy...
www.science.org/doi/10.1126/s...
www.vice.com/en/article/g5bx8...
Image Sources:
tinyurl.com/3dwbzrfv
tinyurl.com/2utv5aw9
tinyurl.com/2y52r6ut
science.nasa.gov/image-detail...
tinyurl.com/2uxrp6w7
tinyurl.com/2zz239yp
tinyurl.com/59tykfz7
tinyurl.com/mwcyhsd5
tinyurl.com/2fxzkhu5
tinyurl.com/244jhyck
tinyurl.com/4mtjbt3y
tinyurl.com/2rksucan
tinyurl.com/bdcpfkkt
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
tinyurl.com/ms54fshj
tinyurl.com/3j9fn8d6
tinyurl.com/57h8c2mt
tinyurl.com/yyew83rx
www.gettyimages.com/detail/vi...
www.gettyimages.com/detail/vi...
www.gettyimages.com/detail/vi...
www.gettyimages.com/detail/vi...
www.gettyimages.com/detail/vi...
www.gettyimages.com/detail/vi...
www.nature.com/articles/s4146...
www.gettyimages.com/detail/ph...
www.gettyimages.com/detail/il...
www.gettyimages.com/detail/vi...
www.gettyimages.com/detail/vi...
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www.gettyimages.com/detail/vi...
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www.flickr.com/photos/ibm_res...
www.gettyimages.com/detail/vi...

[@SciShow]

Visit brilliant.org/scishow/ to get started learning STEM for free. The first 200 people will get 20% off their annual premium subscription and a 30-day free trial.

[@LookatRealNumberes]

How do we know examples of parthenogenosis aren't gynogenosis

[@varoonnone7159]

So if parthenogenesis was possible in hominids, Jesus should have been a girl ?

[@jrgatess]

It seems that the references are the same as the video about clocks kzbin.info/www/bejne/mWO5nZmkrM6nfpYsi=LDzF0cCCpu3Nnmt-

[@kellyscreatures8046]

In the video, she said that there would probably never be a mammal discovered that can complete parthenogenesis, but then the explanation clearly stated that this was why placental mammals specifically couldn't do parthenogenesis. Does this mean that marsupials or monotremes could possibly complete parthenogenesis, or is there a different explanation for that being impossible?

[@elizaparakeet8769]

@scishow Serious question: Can condors and vultures cross-breed? They look so similar and if Narwhals and Belugas can make a Narluga..... then maybe it's possible for a Conture or Vuldor bird to exist.

[@tjcloar1913]

Alt title: Animals that took “I don’t need no man” literally

[@TheSunkissedmein2000]

Man or male?

[@BenWillock]

By definition, non-human animals are not men lol

[@tjcloar1913]

@@BenWillock the actual saying is man though

[@mr.anderson4755]

Alt Alt title: Animals that took "Go F#$% yourself" literally

[@GhostNinja0007]

@@tjcloar1913 but male animals aren’t men, a MAN is specifically male humans nothing else

[@PurpleEnbyTerminator]

I live in the Chihuahuan desert in New Mexico where the New Mexico whiptail is. I see these girls constantly. They are also lovingly dubbed “lesbian lizards” because they sometimes get a little frisky with each other to promote ovulation.

[@Hershewed]

Leafy Street lesbian gecko army as well

[@dorongrossman-naples9207]

Woa...lesbians...

[@seansingh4421]

First the frogs and now geckos ? Those chemicals in waters are running wild 😂😂😂😂

[@nicholaslogan6840]

This subtle but elegant WInnie the Pooh shirt shall not go unnoticed.

[@DeRien8]

I was hoping someone else thought that.

[@dandeehart9553]

At least she has some pants or britches on. 🍯 🙂

[@TheTuttle99]

​@@DeRien8there are dozens of us!

[@dominikaslizewska3393]

It’s Jarvis Johnstons merch 😊

[@tashafall6091]

@@dominikaslizewska3393I was literally about to tell them the same before I saw your comment, yay seeing other Jarvis fans in the wild. I’m a huge fan, I’m even premium enough to view his gold channel. :)

[@HeyNonyNonymous]

"Sadly, Sharlot is not on track to start a new underwater religion" Me: *putting on my ultramarine colored yarmulke, my stingray shaped robe and my scooba gear* "She who gave virgin birth may never drown again!"

[@I1like1wood1ash]

I seriously love Rays and Skates, so I'm already converted. May Mother Sharlot bless us with the light of her gleaming fins!

[@matheussanthiago9685]

@@I1like1wood1ash lisan al-sting

[@markz172]

Praise be unto Sharlot🙏🏼 Hallowed be thy name!

[@alexv3357]

What is dead can never die, but rises again, harder and stronger

[@LightBlueVans]

praise to Sharlot!! 🙇🏻‍♀️

[@scifirocks]

Mourning geckos are really cool, they're essentially lesbian lizards. They can produce young by themselves, but the process needs another gecko to mount them to start the process. Also, it's a female only species

[@radiowlet]

tiny lesbian gecko army ...

[@mr.jglokta191]

And then there is the male Anglerfish who probably wishes the female would go for Parthenogenesis instead

[@theworldoflivvy3150]

And mantises... and most spiders... and some snakes...

[@paigemalloy4276]

Ugh... Those poor little guys. It's got to suck having to live out your life with your mouth fused to the rear end of a gigantic female and used as nothing more than a living set of gonads 😭

[@erictan1802]

But the thing is, they males would wanna screw them still.

[@Echo_the_half_glitch]

Yeeeaaaah

[@morningtime7187]

And evolve himself fully out of existence like the male whiptail?

[@GeoffryGifari]

Wait... if female bees kill and eat diploid males, does that mean the bees can tell diploid males apart from haploid males?

[@LawTaranis]

If the DNA codes for a pheromone, it would probably change the form of the pheromones if there are extra copies. Nature is wild.

[@ellie8272]

This likely evolved because a haploid male shares 100% of his dna with his queen, while his children would only share 50%, making them loyal to the hive over their own young. Diploid males share equal dna with their mother and their young, making them potential traitors if they left to breed with an outside female

[@Madhura_Yuvaraj_Badhe]

Indeed, the astute worker bees possess a remarkable ability to discern between diploid and haploid males. Let’s explore this fascinating phenomenon: Distinct Characteristics: Diploid males exhibit certain distinctive features that set them apart from haploid males (drones): Size: Diploid males are larger than haploid males. Eye Color: Their eyes are darker due to the presence of additional genetic material. Antennae: Diploid males have shorter antennae compared to drones. Behavior: They often display abnormal behavior, such as being less active or less responsive. Worker Bee Behavior: When worker bees encounter a diploid male larva in the brood cell, they assess its characteristics. If it exhibits the telltale signs of being diploid, they take decisive action. Elimination Process: Worker bees promptly remove the diploid male larva from the brood cell. They may consume it or discard it outside the hive. This process ensures that valuable resources are not wasted on non-functional males. Colony Optimization: Worker bees prioritize the overall health and efficiency of the colony. By eliminating diploid males, they maintain a balanced sex ratio and conserve resources. In summary, the worker bees’ ability to recognize and selectively eliminate diploid males demonstrates their adaptive intelligence and commitment to the colony’s well-being. 🐝🔍🚀 For further exploration, you can delve into the intricate world of honeybee biology.

[@yYSilverFoxYy]

@@Madhura_Yuvaraj_BadheSo basically bee eugenics. Abort the defective ones… While they’re babies. These are some pretty ruthless creatures.😭💔

[@NoeDactyl]

Interesting! Thank you!

[@elizaalmabuena]

whiptails!! their common Spanish name (at least where I live) is lesbian jumping lizards

[@user-zr6er2xs3w]

How is that said, in spanish?

[@elizaalmabuena]

@@user-zr6er2xs3w as in not translating it, or actual pronunciation? as for not translating it is: Lagartijas lesbianas saltarinas

[@johnburnside7828]

Is that where Little Orphan Annie got her catchphrase?

[@ellie8272]

It's a shame she didn't mention the lesbian ovulation rituals of the lizards (felt weirdly cut from the script)

[@HotBlasterBot]

@@ellie8272 It would have even been appropriate for this week!

[@CorbiniteVids]

*uses hank green's youtube shorts as a divining tool to predict the next scishow episodes*

[@AceSpadeThePikachu]

Sure, the idea on a woman giving birth to a boy with the highest Midi-Chlorian count ever seen; conceived from The Force itself; may sound cool at first...uuuuntil he grows up, starts wining about sand and then turns to the Dark Side and helps nearly wipe out all the Jedi.

[@Tim.Stotelmeyer.2984]

Where did his Y chromosome come from? Is his mother XXY? Or do male humans in a galaxy far far away not have Y chromosomes?

[@SirsasthNigam.]

@@Tim.Stotelmeyer.2984 He is Chosen One like Jesus

[@Connie_cpu]

@@Tim.Stotelmeyer.2984 The more common theory is that palpatine did it with force shenanigans

[@hamstermc7807]

@@Connie_cpu More specifically, the theory goes that the experiments Palpatine conducted with his master - which consisted of attempting to exploit midichlorians to basically play god (see: the Tragedy of Darth Plagueis the Wise for details) - pissed off the Force so much that it made Anakin happen as a counterattack/sick comeback/ironic prank

[@thepirateswirled]

And then it will be: "No, I'm your mother, and only"

[@anarchyantz1564]

"Let's talk about sex....or lack of it" "And I took that personally"...

[@M_Alexander]

"Life, uh, finds a way."

[@Jon-bv7nl]

nahhhhhhhh 💀💀💀

[@Jon-bv7nl]

@@M_Alexander when someone adds ton of "H" and skulls it means nahhhhhhh thats crazy not nah as in no

[@M_Alexander]

@@Jon-bv7nl oh well I'm old and can't keep up

[@doge_shorts1]

feminists gon become fans of these animals lol

[@M_Alexander]

@@doge_shorts1 did you mean to post that somewhere else?

[@awsumaustin7650]

You know that Jarvis has good merch. Featured on GMM and now SciShow

[@L0rdOfThePies]

Haha i picked up on it

[@missalii4792]

Lol mine came in last week and it's funny how many people in my life said Winnie the Pooh. I even see comments here saying it

[@Ze_Austin]

"Trying My Best" is merch from Jarvis Johnson, a fun KZbinr Really nice to see ❤

[@juliamelone8109]

I thought it was so cute, I want one!

[@XRatedPoetry]

5:40 Having a baby doesn't mean you get along afterwards... trust me...

[@MmntoMorrisson]

what does that have to do with the timestamp 💀

[@sandy_carpetsthesecond5013]

Uhhh...? She was on about two brothers who had a mom and no dad...???

[@scottbruner9266]

I really like the new aesthetic of the channel. The actual “studio” rather than the green screen. Y’all are growing up 😂

[@JamesFrancis-xj6xm]

Scishow are sickos who support torturing animals with toxic chemicals and disease. That's what science is about, that's all science is. Alternative? Disease! Stop curing disease!

[@emmettturner9452]

I just spent all morning researching the self-cloning (parthenogenesis) Marbled Crayfish to win an argument with my brother… then this pops up. The argument? That these were the crayfish we used to catch in West GA back in the ‘80s and early ‘90s. Had to show that they aren’t yet pervasive except in the streams they’ve been introduced to by humans since being discovered 1995. Obviously, they could exist naturally in one stream somewhere if their origin was not in captivity but it’s not likely to be that one.

[@abtinbarzin8369]

Haven't done much research into it, but I have read some of the overviews written about it: correct me if I'm wrong, but wasn't it linked back to the German pet trade? If so, then they had to get the animals from somewhere, and I'd assume that they were just caught and imported from the US.

[@emmettturner9452]

@@abtinbarzin8369 A German discovered them after buying “Texas Crayfish” from an American pet dealer and noticing the parthenogenesis in 1995. They weren’t even named until 2003. It very well may have come from a wild-caught population somewhere but they would have been isolated, not pervasive, and the distribution map does not even include West GA, meaning the odds that we had them as kids were very low. Because they can’t easily get from one waterway to another disconnected one, all known wild populations were introduced there by people. That said, I recall a pet shop in town that had a pregnant crayfish (eggs/young under tail). My twin brother and I were literally saving money for it when we found out there were free crayfish in the woods right behind us. :) Most were small but a few were almost lobster-sized! Before you knew it, all of our aquariums had wild-caught crayfish of all sizes… and I never saw a single adult with young. We put that money toward our saving for some Red Eared Sliders (turtles) and by the time we had enough Georgia had made it illegal to sell them due to the possibility of carrying Salmonella.

[@legendaryocelot]

I guess when the angry man told the animals to "f themselves", they took it to heart.

[@SciMinute]

I’ve noticed a lot of biology videos being uploaded lately! It’s such an intriguing topic!

[@jdmancillasalvo4062]

Darnnnnn you!!! You said baby shark and now I have the baby shark song stuck in my head.

[@peterprime2140]

Virgin Birth doo doo doo do doo doo

[@nebulan]

Lol they also mentioned "daddy shark". The scishow wtiters are trying to torture us!

[@Dont-jy5ox]

They also mentioned 'Grandpa Shark' and 'Grandma Shark' 💀💀

[@rundown132]

sleeper agent awakened

[@salmaislam3415]

Also mommy shark

[@bari2883]

Someone needs praise for bringing the condors from the brink of extinction.👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻

[@petersmythe6462]

I think we need to distinguish between clonal parthenogenesis and consanguinous parthenogenesis. In the case of cloning there isn't really genetic information lost at the individual level or multiplication of deleterious alleles within an individual. In the case of consanguinity, then it is almost maximally bad from the standpoint of deleterious recessives.

[@MOSMASTERING]

The word "Parthenon" originates from ancient Greek and is derived from the Greek word Parthenṓn, which means "virgin's apartment" or "maiden's quarters." The Parthenon is a famous ancient temple located on the Athenian Acropolis in Greece, dedicated to the goddess Athena, whom the Greeks often referred to as "Parthenos" (meaning "virgin" or "maiden"). The connection between the Parthenon and the concept of virginity stems from its association with the goddess Athena, who was regarded as a virgin deity. The temple served as a monumental shrine to Athena Parthenos, embodying her role as a maiden goddess and symbolizing her purity and wisdom.

[@TheRealBatabii]

It's funny how this shows up shortly after Hank does a short about a human theoretically fertilizing their own eggs

[@Ocealuna]

We all know what Dr. Malcom would say…

[@ExtremeMadnessX]

Life finds a way...

[@SayAhh]

Wife finds a lay

[@Ocealuna]

@@SayAhh 🤣

[@EattheApple666]

You sure this isn't the Virgin Mary of the sea thing? Maybe we should worship Shark God! LOL

[@partciudgam8478]

INstead of Haleluyah singing Baby Shark... nah, I'll stay atehist

[@mattwardproductions7399]

Pelagesus

[@dustind4694]

Wait, wait. So in birds, ZZ is (usually) top?

[@matheussanthiago9685]

heeeeeey

[@LoneIrbis]

They swap a lot though, at least pigeons do for sure

[@dustind4694]

@@LoneIrbis Huh, learn something new every day.

[@LoneIrbis]

@@dustind4694 lol even more so: some pigeon dudes are exclusively bottoms 😂 I have one pigeon like that, he's an awesome dad, sitting on kids non-stop, but it took him a while to come a father because he totally refused to top his wife and it took his wife a few months to learn to be a top 🤣

[@ForestFire369]

​@@LoneIrbisThis comment took me for a ride. Wow

[@johnosbornmusic]

I don't often comment, but dang, I loved this video! It's like a gentler, more calming Answer In Progress episode. Cannot wait to see more of this series!

[@SchnitzelDaemon]

Great video and really enjoyed the hosting

[@FindTheFun]

Fun Fact: the California Condor population dipped to its lowest (23 individuals) after Johnny Cash of all people started a drug addled forest fire camping in his truck; killing and displacing many of them.

[@finalone24]

Thx SciShow I was struggling to explain this to a friend just the other day.

[@meryitis]

Internet ruined me, as soon as I heard “baby shark” my mind couldn’t resist to spam baby shark jingle for 4 minutes straight

[@robodude145]

and now you've infected me

[@matheussanthiago9685]

fr

[@meryitis]

@@robodude145 now when I saw your reply, it’s happening again

[@meryitis]

@@matheussanthiago9685 baby shark doo doo doo doo doo doo, I’m awful human being

[@robodude145]

@@meryitis and then i saw your reply, it's happening AGAIN AGAIN

[@Chrismas815]

Ok so 7 is mammals but you only covered placental mammals. What about monotremes, where no placenta is formed?

[@Wolfie54545]

I bet the cell tagging is still a thing.

[@Lutefisk445]

they probably would've given them an honorable mention if there had been any documented cases

[@darthphilfy]

There is only the two monotremes, the echidna and the platypus, and they get their freak on in the standard manner. Well kind of, the male echidna has a 4 headed penis and the male platypus has a 2 headed penis and barbs along the penis so he can stay inside the female whilst mating in the water. The platypus courtship is amazing to see, they play in the water in sync with each other, yet not touching until the female is ready. Then it's 10 minutes of nooky time and afterwards she ignores him and heads off to her burrow in the bank, whilst he has a rest before heading off to start courting another female for a couple of weeks before he gets another 10 minutes of happy time. Both are amazing, and beautiful. I'm fortunate to live close to a creek that is home to a few platypus and water rats and other native wildlife. I'm not so happy about the abundance of nope ropes (snakes) in the area, but they aren't bad eating if cooked properly. www.abc.net.au/news/science/2021-12-28/platypuses-and-echidnas-five-weird-things-about-them/100662846

[@Sara3346]

Or marsupials for that matter, seems worth investigating.

[@jeskoumm]

“Sponsored by Planned Parenthood Zero- Snapping selfie albums one parent at a time”

[@nebulan]

Ace queens!

[@AccidentalNinja]

I was wondering why there weren't mammilian pathenotes. Also, that's fascinating about the bees. I wonder what would happen if the diploid male managed to mate?

[@DJFracus]

Male bees do not use meiosis to make sperm because they are normally haploid, so they just give their entire chromosomes instead. So if a diploid male mated with a queen it would result in triploid females. Being triploid doesn't work for meiosis and would result in sterile queens. I think it also makes the effects of inbreeding worse, and diploid males are already a symptom of inbreeding, more inbreeding = higher chance of diploid males since it's likelier you get two copies of the same single allele out of the ~15 sex-determining gene alleles, which is what results in a diploid male.

[@AccidentalNinja]

@@DJFracus Interesting; thank you.

[@PhilAMurray]

Love the jumper. “Trying my best”, great way to approach life.

[@lindaseel9986]

This episode really has me paying attention. Absolutely fascinating! 🖖

[@SlurpieDoo]

nice jarvis merch♡ i love you scishow peeps!

[@jessicapinto3817]

Thank you for making it!

[@_andrewvia]

Thank you Savannah. About your sweatshirt: Your best is pretty awesome.

[@lucasotis9525]

Okay, the topic is an awesome choice and the information is presented fluidly and easy to engage with. I feel the need to comment, however, on how much life that sweater gives me

[@MattMcIrvin]

Most species of ants are similar to bees, with diploid females, haploid males--but there are SOME species that have thelytoky as well.

[@LaurieAnnCurry]

That you kept a straight face when you said “bang”😂☠️☠️☠️☠️☠️☠️

[@charlesmurphy9173]

Another great presentation by Savannah. I'm very happy they're a mainstay in scishow!

[@msmoco5898]

They?

[@charlesmurphy9173]

@@msmoco5898 Yes...?

[@samantham8773]

The thumbnail and title combo for this video sent my sides into orbit 😂

[@amcdowell1493]

I learned a lot. Great video.

[@averyeml]

Every time I see the Jarvis Johnson shirt pop up in another KZbin channel, I know I’m watching quality

[@SAmaryllis]

Nature is so wild lol. Thanks for the research and knowledge!

[@tylerbritton38]

So hyped I have been waiting for this one

[@Infernoraptor]

The fact that the parthenotes seem to be consistently sickly (in non-obligately parthenogenic) vertebrates is really interesting. Why would reshuffling the mom's genes result in that high of a chance of sickness? And that many KINDS of sickness? If the young aren't viable long-term, why would these animals waste so much energy making parthenotes? In addition, this issue strikes me as somewhat similar to the issues seen with clones. In short, is there something that parthenogenesis and cloning lack that sex has? (Edit: I mean, does sex do something on the cell/gene level that cloning and parthenogenesis don't have? More than just having additional gene-options)

[@lazergurka-smerlin6561]

I mean it's the same problem as inbreeding, except one million times worse

[@Appletank8]

Sex evolutionary is a way to shuffle up genes, and reduce the chances of bad, hopefully recessive genes from expressing. More shuffling increases the chance of something different to activate compared to the parent. Most of the time, a different gene does nothing. Sometimes, its worse and the offspring dies. But sometimes the offspring unlocks something more beneficial, and this increased survival rate spreads out through the population. Low genetic diversity is a problem because the chances of genetic shuffling is lower, risks of negative genes expressing is higher. If some disease hits a low diversity population, it is less likely any members of the species has happened upon a genetic quirk that increases their resistance, which is why cloned species are especially vulnerable to infection. On a side note, there's a portion of the European population that is more resistant to the bacteria that cause the Black Death. You can imagine why.

[@huldu]

I'm sure there are exceptions where something positive comes out of it and that might be it. Like laying thousands of eggs and hope that a couple survive.

[@Infernoraptor]

@Appletank8 I get that part, but this video is making it seem like parthenotes are almost guaranteed to have issues, while inbreeding doesn't cause issues as quickly. I mean, just look at the parthenote condors; there's tons of inbreeding going on and yet the parthenotes were particularly weak. (Maybe that's because they were inbred AND parthenotes?)

[@Appletank8]

@@Infernoraptor I guess that if the gene pool is healthy, a few clones won't be much of a big deal, and can add a few more bodies into the population. Like, many monarchs of Europe were inbred but it didn't immediately cause problems until later successive loops. Those female only lizards are healthy now, so a clone wouldn't necessarily come out with issues. But they would be way more vulnerable to environmental shocks.

[@HarpaxA]

As Dr. Ian Malcolm said : " life will find a way"

[@primarytrainer1]

love the jumper

[@vocalsunleashed]

3:05 thanks, now I have a certain song stuck in my head...

[@dreyhawk]

I've been following Charlotte the ray's story. As of 4/27 still no pup(s). She is huge! They have said that since this is the first known case of parthenogenesis in rays they don't know how long the pregnancy will be. The average gestation period for stingrays is three to four months, so Charlotte is well over the due date for a typical mother stingray.

[@MeredithHagan]

“There’s never been any observed cases of parthenogenesis in any mammal species.” Gods in various mythologies: Are we a joke to you?

[@connor5187]

Is there any evidence that healthier individuals would be more likely to reproduce this way rather than less healthy individuals? It seems like a good way to keep a strong genetic formula passed on

[@Eloraurora]

I mean, all sorts of animals regulate reproduction based on availability of resources.

[@saulitix]

**don't mention Elden Ring, don't mention Elden Ring, don't mention Elden ring** Well, in Elden Ring something similar happens

[@bboops23]

I just started playing for the first time a week ago

[@LordDomielOfElysium]

Awww is that Jarvis Johnson merch? Wooo, it is! 🎉

[@rickvbeck1]

I have found that black mollies will change from female to male if there a no males in the tank. This takes about a month and the female will have live young.

[@darthphilfy]

That's interesting, on the rare occasions we have a smoke I've found that a bit of molly makes my 45 year old wife change into a giggling teenager with the munchies who goes to sleep after about 15 minutes of telling me that we should go out dancing. Fortunately she doesn't change into a bloke.

[@BuildinWings]

Phobes: "tHeRe ArE OnLy tWo SeXeS!" Biology: "Hold my beer."

[@BenWillock]

For humans

[@militantpacifist4087]

There’s a third one for humans? I know there are different genders but only two sexes for humans.

[@Avendesora]

@@militantpacifist4087 Oh, you should definitely start researching what "chromosomes" are! You'll find that there are actually a ton of variations in sex chromosomes in humans. I'm friend with someone who's XXY, personally. It's fascinating stuff, you can learn a lot!

[@therewillbecatswithgwenhwyfar]

There are plenty of people with XXY (1 in 500 births) or XYY (1 in 1000 births) chromosomes.

[@Appletank8]

There are also some people with male organs that don't develop properly and leave the person looking female.

[@bearbiter9051]

I love that they used the most unflattering photo of a ray 🤣

[@BlackReshiram]

man this sort of stuff is soooo interesting to me genetics in general is super interesting, esp relating to evolution! EDIT: wow amazon mollies really are earth-fish variants of mass effect's asari huh

[@crackedemerald4930]

despite their colorful dress, Savannah looks strangely camouflaged in the set. is this similar to dazzle camouflage? lol

[@XD152awesomeness]

I thought I knew what parthenogenesis was all about. I didn’t realize all the variations, and I was especially intrigued by the Amazon mollies

[@rubicon24]

I like that she pronounces "processes" properly.

[@veryInteresting_]

I feel like the way you said male drone bees mate with "the" queen, it may be mistaken for them mating with their mother. They don't do that. They fly away from their home hive to find queens of other hives to mate with. And because they are far away, they may go to a foreign hive when they get thirsty or hungry, and the host hive workers welcome the guest drone and let them in and feed them ❤🐝🐝

[@Infernoraptor]

RE the tagging thing: methyl groups can be THAT crucial?!? That's epigenetics stuff, right?Isn't that really vulnerable to environmental stuff? That seems really weird for evolution to make the placenta THAT vulnerable to being broken.

[@05Matz]

I suppose the markers only have to stay intact for a limited amount of time (if they're only necessary for the placenta to develop), and within a controlled environment, so I guess it hasn't been problematic enough to incentivize a more robust solution?

[@xuefalan]

We can sing "Baby shark" without mentioning "daddy shark"

[@RonColeArt]

Do do do, do do do...

[@IntenseVisuals]

This was super interesting.

[@paschal4437]

I was really hoping the marbled crayfish would get mentioned. They are a newer species that only evolved in 1988. They are triploid, and their offspring are actually clones of the mother. The entire species exclusively reproduces by parthenogenesis. They were first discovered in the pet trade in 1995, but we haven't really been able to track down where the first one came from. The species has escaped into the wild in some areas and may become an invasive species. The is especially likely because every individual can reproduce on their own.

[@TrustynHERO]

Hold up, 7:27 I think I need a full episode devoted to the bees lol. So does this mean then that a single bee hive doesn’t have genetic diversity because all the males are just being used to impregnate their own mom and or sister when it’s time to switch Queens? and why is it that they immediately kill any male born with a full set of comazones?

[@ColeMercury]

The drones fly away to mate with queens from other hives. (And then they die after that.)

[@Grey0730]

If I had a nickel for everytime someone on a Complexly show said the phrase “Let’s talk about sex” I’d have 2 nickels. Which isn’t a lot but weird that it happened twice

[@OriginalPiMan]

Honestly, with SciShow, it's weird that it only happened twice. I'd expect more.

[@Wildminecraftwolf]

The jumper made me lol

[@purplesam2609]

Thinking about the dude who was freaking out about this because it was either stingray Jesus or a half shark, half ray

[@aetheralmeowstic2392]

Fun fact: the whiptail lizard was the inspiration behind Salazzle

[@dflyboy420]

I never clicked a video faster after reading the title

[@lotgc]

"life, uh... finds a way"

[@MATABEI]

Even the sturgeon an' the ray - They get the urge 'n' start to play~

[@TragoudistrosMPH]

9:08 🤯 Never heard of these before! Diploid male bees! I wonder what their behavior would be likenif they lived? 🤔 Could they mate and produce offspring? Fascinating!

[@TragoudistrosMPH]

I didn't know epigenetics was more mammalian 🤔 So much new info!

[@Reticulating-Splines]

Might have to update the Baby Shark song to take out Daddy and Grandpa Shark, who needs em!

[@harrietyounger6118]

This has alot of info. I feel like I know more and less at the same time. Mother nature is mad but it will always find a way.

[@deckardcanine]

SciShow: There will probably never be parthenogenesis in mammals. Catholics: About that...

[@lenabreijer1311]

There was sperms donated and an angel brought it with a turkey baster (actually a small eye dropper but Big guy was sensitive about that)

[@DJFracus]

what's funny is that if mammals could do parthenogenesis, all the resulting babies would be female - no Y chromosomes available

[@graceneilitz7661]

There are lots of myths in which parthenogenesis happens. To name a couple…. The Egyptian Sun god Ra created Shu and Tefnut from his spit The Norse Giant Ymir created several gods from his sweat The Greek Goddess Hera created Hephaistos by eating a flower and Hebe by eating lettuce. Of course those all depend on which version of the myth you are reading.

[@deckardcanine]

@@graceneilitz7661 True. Those myths just don't have many believers today.

[@graceneilitz7661]

@@deckardcanine Hinduism does, and there are many stories of parthenogenesis in it.

[@computerzero2681]

Renamed the stingray to Mary-lotte. 😂

[@theultimatereductionist7592]

It's so adorable how shark babies are called "pups", as if they were dog puppies.

[@jeffdollaz]

I love hearing about immaculate conception in animals it strengthens my faith cuz if animals can do it then Mary could do it

[@trevinbeattie4888]

Adorable baby panda 12:30 ! 😍

[@DeathMythos]

Lovely voice, very soothing. But also I realize the fish are like the blue aliens from mass effect. I understand how the aliens work now lol.

[@Bluesmudge]

I love the shout out to Madona. Anyone else catch it?

[@Vermillion7745]

While parthenogenesis is impossible in placental mammals, could it happen in egg-laying mammals? Or do they have the same or a similar form of genetic tagging? And what about marsupials?

[@mrtoastyman07]

Why and how, but mostly why do they automatically kill diploid males? Are they dangerous, sterile, have super powers? How do the other bees know they are haploid or diploid?

[@05Matz]

I would imagine that they're probably sterile (and thus useless to the hive), but have no idea how the other bees can tell (presumably pheromone differences?).

[@OppositeofHATE7]

It's smell

[@VeroTesta]

"Jesus Christ!"

[@xpndblhero5170]

Well, I'd say it's more like Mary because of her.... Chalice. 😏 😆

[@Kaltag2278]

😂

[@CourtneySchwartz]

Only if Mary was a bird. 🤔

[@VeroTesta]

@@CourtneySchwartz i read somewhere that there was a winged dude (Gabriel?!) involved, so it's still plausible =P

[@ashleyvaughn5213]

Exactly, that's how he was born😄

[@stevenbrogdon3074]

You are a great presenter.

[@patrickday4206]

Now we know where the virgin birth stories come from

[@JoelTheParrot]

noted, thanks

[@pibly7784]

Very interesting video. 👍

[@OpinioNaty]

Trying my best too. Love that hoodie. Need one in Spanish

[@slothfulcobra]

see with your video title I thought you would be talking about hermaphroditic species that produce both sperm and eggs and could end up fertilizing themselves the old fashioned way (like slugs, many snails, barnacles, a whole lot of plants). That's where most of the disadvantages of inbreeding derive. I guess there's also starfish being able to reproduce by getting sliced up or sponges reproducing by budding.