Virtue-Based Ethics Explained | Aristotle's Golden Mean,Justice and Cardinal Virtues|Ethics for UPSC

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Delve into the essence of virtue-based ethics, one of the most universally applicable ethical frameworks. This video explores key concepts like Aristotle's Golden Mean, Plato's Cardinal Virtues, and their relevance in modern ethics, especially for UPSC ethics preparation.
Key Topics Covered
What is Virtue-Based Ethics?
Ethics focused on character, virtues, and desirable attributes like courage, honesty, and tolerance.
Key figures: Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.
Plato’s Cardinal Virtues
Wisdom, Courage, Temperance, and Justice.
The historical context of Athens vs. Sparta wars.
Aristotle’s Golden Mean
Striking a balance between excess and deficiency.
Practical examples like courage (between rashness and cowardice) and generosity (between prodigality and stinginess).
Justice as Supreme Virtue
Distributive justice: Socioeconomic equity and affirmative action.
Retributive justice: Proportionate punishment for crimes.
Reformative justice: Rehabilitation-focused approach.
Deterrence justice: Prevention through fear of punishment.
Ethical Relativism vs. Ethical Absolutism
Context-specific ethics vs. universal moral values.
Examples like human rights and cultural norms.
Relevance to Civil Services
Virtues like integrity, tolerance, and courage in governance.
Ethical decision-making in case studies.
This video provides a comprehensive understanding of virtue ethics and its application in governance, civil services, and case studies. Perfect for UPSC GS4 preparation and those interested in ethical philosophy.
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