WARC Kyrgyz Language Tutorials Episode 6: Making Plural Forms of Nouns

In this episode of the WARC's Kyrgyz language tutorial series, Aiym will give a lesson on how to form plurals in Kyrgyz. Mastering this aspect of grammar is essential to learning the Kyrgyz language.
The Kyrgyz language tutorials are an initiative of the Writing & Academic Resource Center (WARC) at the American University of Central Asia. For more information, go to warc.auca.kg/

[@MBBSLOVER786]

Tysm

[@NovaChristiePierRanuJoeDavidDb]

Nice

[@aknaixi8428]

Thank you for the videos! I've moved to kyrgyzstan for studies and your videos are helping me to settle in quite well. Kyrgyz language is making some sense now 😄

[@aucawarc]

We're glad to hear!

[@kreungsreydetgood1686]

I really think you so much for all of your videos ☺️☺️😊

[@aucawarc]

We are glad that you find them helpful! We will be posting new ones soon.

[@gulchorobasyz]

Ассаламу Алейкум, бул видеолор кимге арналган? Чет элдин студенттеринеби?

[@perjetesi2811]

Then why do you say Татарлар instead of Tatardar?

[@Maks-ki3cy]

Hello teacher I'm korean teacher Maks. I'm teaching korean in Osh in a few months So i m looking for a kyrgyz tutor. Do you have kyrgyz class through zoom? I m looking for a teacher who can teach kyrgyz grammar. I m a beginner but my second language is uzbek so i can understan easily thanks for your great videos!!😁

[@Abeturk]

Su=water (Suv)=fluent-flowing (suvu)=Sıvı=fluid, liquid Mak/Mek (emek)=exertion /process Suv-mak=~ to make it flow onwards Suy-mak=~ to make it flow over Süv-mek=~ to make it flow inwards Sür-mek=~ to make it flow on something Suv-up =liquefied=(soup), Sür-up(shurup)=syrup, Suruppah(chorba)=soup, Suruppat(sherbet)=sorbet, sharap=wine, Mashrubat=beverage (Süp-mek)=~ to make it flow outwards (süp-der-mek>süptürmek)=süpürmek=to sweep Say-mak=~ to make it flow (drop by drop)one by one (from the mind) = ~ to count up, ~ to deem (bilgisayar=computer) (sayı=number) Söy-mek=~ to make it flow from the mind (Söy-le-mek= to make the sentences flowing through the mind =~to say, ~to tell ) Sev-mek=~ to make it flow from the mind (to the heart) = to love Söv-mek=~ call names (to say whatever on ownself mind) Süy-mek=~ to make it flow from inside (süyüt) =Süt= milk Soy-mak=~ to make it flow over it/him/her ( to peel, ~to strip, ~to rob ) (Soy-en-mak)>soyunmak=to undress (Sıy-der-mak)>sıyırmak= skimming, ~skinning Siy-mek=~ to make it flow downwards =(peeing) (siyitik) =Sidik= urine Süz-mek=~ to make it lightly flow from up to downwards (~to filter, strain out) Sez-mek=~ to make it lightly flow into the mind (~to perceive, to intuit) Sız-mak=~ to get flowed slightly/slowly (~to infiltrate) Sun-mak= to extend it forward (presentation, exhibition, to serve up) Sün-mek=to expand reaching outward (sünger=sponge) Sın-mak=to reach extending upward or forward Sin-mek=to shrink reaching downward or backward (to lurk, to hide onself) Sön-mek=to get decreased reaching inward or outward (to be extinguished) Sağ-mak= ~ to make it to get poured down (Sağanak=downpour) (sağ-en-mak)>sağınmak=~ to make oneself pour from thought into emotions (Sağn-mak)>San-mak= ~ to make own self pour from thought into an idea (to get an idea) Sav-mak=~ to make it pour outwards (2.>put forward- set forth in) (sağan)=Sahan=the container to pour water Çün=(chun)=factor ( Jiŋ= agency /being the agent/element of..) Ka=(Qua)= (which) U=(ou)= it (that) (Ka-u)= Ki=(Qui)=which that (Çün-ka-u) =Çünki =(parce que/ c'est-pour-quoi)=(that's why))=(therefore)= Because (U-çün)= İçün=için= (that factor..)= For.. (it's for) (Ne-u-çün)=Niçün=Niçin=(what-that-factor)= Why.. (what-for) Temür= iDemir= Iron (ferroum) (Temur-jin)= Demirci =ironsmith (temouchin= mongolian) Thengiz= Deŋiz= Sea ( tchenggis= mongolian) (Theŋiz-jin)=Denizci=seaman Yaban =faraway/ out of center =Jaban (Jaban-jin)=Yabancı = outsider=foreigner our language (This one)= Mu-eun= (Men)= Ben= Me (That one)= Tsu-eun= (xien/thien)= Sen= You (These ones)= Mu-eun-iz=(miŋiz)=Biz = We (Those ones)=Tsu-eun-iz=(siŋiz)= Siz =You (Plural) Ou-ël=Ol =O= it (he /she) El=someone else (bearer / hand) (El-der)= Eller= other people (different persons) Ou-ël-dar= (Ouldar) =Onlar (The bearer and other-s nearest to it/him) Ou-eun-dar= (Ondar)=Onlar= They (Meniŋ-ka-u):=which that my...= benimki=mine (Seniŋ-ka-u):=which that your = seninki=yours (Olniŋ-ka-u):=which that his/her/its= onunki= his/hers/its

[@Abeturk]

Ancient turkish language.. Eğ-mek=to turn something the other way> eğmek= to tilt/ to bend Eğ-et-mek=Eğitmek= (Eğ-der-mek)>Eğirmek=to make it to turn round (or to turn to something) by rotating it any side=~ to spin Evirmek=to make it to turn upside (or to turn up in other way) within a specific time =~to invert /to make something gets evolved Çevirmek= Devirmek= Değ-mek= Öy-mek=(Dokunmak/temas ettirmek) Öğ-mek=Övmek Oğ-mak=Ovmak Uğra-mak= to get (at) a place or a situation for a specific time > uğramak= to drop by Uğra-eş-mak=to get at each other completely for a specific time> uğraşmak=to strive/ to deal with Öğre-mek=to get (at) a status or level In a particular period Öğre-en-mek=to get (at) a knowledge or level in a specific time> öğrenmek= to learn Öğre-et-mek=to make (within a specific time) for someone to get (at) a knowledge level> öğretmek= to teach Bezmek=sıkılmak, (sıkışmak) Büzmek=sıkıştırarak ezmek Ezmek= üstüne basarak inceltmek Üzmek=(inceltip koparmak) incitip kırmak Yüzmek= Yüzeyinden (sıyırıp) gitmek Yormak=(mecazen) üstüne gitmek, üstüne varmak ( tümüyle uğramak= uğraşmak) (A-yormak)=Bunun ne olduğu üzerine bir fikre/görüşe varmak... Yörmek/Yörümek=üstünde gitmek, üzerinde gezip dolaşmak ( yöre=....) (yörük=...) Yürmek/Yürümek=üstünde gitmek/üzerinde gitmek (yürü=go on) Yülmek/Yülümek=üstünden sıyırıp gitmek Yalmak/Yalamak=üstünden sıyırıp almak Yolmak=üstünden çekmek, koparmak (~üstünü düzleştirmek) Yılmak=üstünden aşağı (üstten alta) atmak, tırsmak, ürkmek (Yıldırım=...Yıldız=.. Yılan=..) Yurmak= üstüne çekmek/örtmek (yur-ut=yurt ..yur-gan=yorgan) Yırmak= içten/dışa gelmek, altından/üstüne çıkmak, üste gelmek (yırışmak=yarışmak= birbirine üstün gelmek) Yarmak=üstten aşağı (doğrudan) inmek, aşağıya doğru kesmek Yermek=(mecazen) üstten aşağı çekmek (yere çekmek, çekiştirmek) Germek= dört bir yandan çekmek Yıkmak= üstten aşağı almak,devirmek Yığmak= üstüne koymak, üst üste koymak Yağmak= üstüne dökülmek /üstten aşağıya dökülmek Yoğmak=sıkışıp saflaşmak (mecazen)=ruhundan arınmak, ölmek (yoğunlaşıp arınmak.....yoga) Yoğurmak=sıkıp yoğunlaştırmak ,bir kıvama getirmek (Yoğurt= yoğunlaştırılmış pastörize süt) Yuğmak=sıkarak arındırdırmak (temizlemek) (yuğamak=yıkamak) Yuvmak=sıkıp inceltmek, daraltmak ( yufka= ince hamur) (yuvka=yuka=ince, sığ) (yuvuz=yağız= ince, zayıf, narin) (yiv=sivri) Yuvarlamak= döndürerek daraltmak (yuva=en dar/en ufak barınak) (yavru..=en ufak..) Yummak=sıkarak kapamak, sıkıca kapamak (yumurmak=sıkıca kapatmak ) (yumruk=..) (yumurta=..) (yukarı=yuka-yeri=sığ tarafı, dar tarafı, üst tarafı) (aykırı= arkırı= arka-yeri = arka taraftan, ters taraftan) (üzeri=yüz-yeri= üst yüzeyi) (astarı=ast-yeri= alt yüzeyi) (astarı=asarı) (aşağı= eşiği =eşik tarafı) (dışarı=dış-yeri= dış taraf) ağrı= çapraz yönde uğru=(ön veya arka) yönü eğri= doğru= geri= (ilek-yeri=ilgeri)= ileri ilemek/ilenmek/iletmek/ ulamak/ulanmak/ulaşmak/ulaştırmak ilek /elik /ulak= vehicle/bearer/carrier el/elik=hand

[@Abeturk]

Question words in turkish .. (Mu)=Bu= this (Tsu)=Şu= that...(ts=~th))=θ (peltek S) Ka=(Qua)= (which) U=(ou)= it (that) (Ka-u)= Ki=(Qui)=which that Ne = what (Ça -çe)(Ca-ce)= As An (en) = time (moment) Dem= time (demurrage) Vakit= (time) while Saat=hour / (its o'clock) (Tsu-dem-an)=(that-time-moment)=- Zaman =the time (Dem-u-en)= Demin= Just now Di= now on (Şu-dem-di)= Şimdi=(that time now on)= now Tsu-an=Şu an= this moment (now) Tsu-an-da =Şu anda= right now (currently)(at present) Hal= situation (status) Hal-en =Hâlen= currently Hâlã= still Henüz=yet Hazır=ready (Hal-i hazır-da)=hâli hazırda= at present Hem-di =emdi=imdi=Now on Hem-an =Hemen=(all the same-as moment)(exactly the same time)=in no time (Hem-mã)=(not exactly the same) / not really ...(amma) Ama= but (An-ça)= Anca =as moment= (just) for that moment =(barely) (An-ça-ka-u)= Ancak =so this much (for that moment)=(just this for now)=all but=( but just this ? ) Denk=(deng)=equal Denge=balance (equilibrium) ....(deŋer)=değer=value Dar= nearest to the other- (narrow) Dara=specific weight (Ka-dara)= which specific weight.. (Ka-değer)= which value.. (Ka-dar)= which proximate Kader=~potential (specified extent/ratio) Kadar=extent (Ka-u)=Ki=(Qui)=which that=(it's so)= so that (Ka-u-mu)=(Ki-mu)=Kim=(which that so this)= Who? (ki-mu(=which that such this)=kimi=gibi=like) Ki-mu-tsu-ne=(kimesne)= kimse=any one (whosoever) (U-çün)= İçün=için= (that factor)= For.. (that's for) (Ne-u-çün)=Niçün=niçin=(what-that-factor)= Why.. (what-for) (Çün-ka-u) =Çünki =(c'est-pour-quoi/parce que)=(that's why))=(therefore)= Because Ne-e = Neye=(what to) what-where toward = ~for what Ne-u-e=Niye =(what that to )= Why Ne-çe =Neçe/nece=How.. (like what) (as what) (Ne-u-çe) =Niçe/nice=what as that= how long/how much... (how too much) (Ka-ne-çe)=Kança =(which-what-as) (Ka-çe)=(which-as)= kaç..=how many /how much /which number O Bunu Yaptığınca=Bu'nu yap-tı-ka-u-ne-çe= (how much/long (through a specific time) s/he did this)=as much as s/he does this O Bunu Yaptıkca=Bu'nu yap-tı-ka-çe= how much/many (in each once) s/he did this=as s/he does this (whenever) (Ka-ne-çe)=Kança ............(Ka-çe)=Kaç........ =How many (as a numerical quantity)/ which number (does it have) (Ne-ka-dar)= Ne kadar =(what extent)= what-which-nearest= How much (as the attribute) Ne-ğe ka-dar= Neye kadar =what which closest to Ne-yir-ğe ka-dar=Nereye kadar =where which nearest to =where up to Ne zaman=When ......Ka-çe-an= Haçan= when.... Ne vakit= when Ne zamana kadar=(when which nearest to)= when up to Ne-yir-e-denk = Nereye dek=(where equal to)= where till Ne-yir-e denk-u-en= Nereye değin=(then where equal to)= where until Ne-zaman-a denk-u-en= Ne zamana değin=(when-equal-to-then)= when until (Ka-en)= Ken=which time=~(When) (U-ka-en)= İken = (that-which-time)=when it's (that when...) (Ka-ne-u) =Hani =which what so Ka-u-tsu= Kaysı.... Ka-ne-tsu=Hansı..... (Ka-ne-ki) = Hangi =which Ka-ne-ki-tsu=Hangisi=which one that Ka-yir= which place.... Ne-yir= what place Ka-yir-de= Kayda=harda= where.......Ne-yir-de= Nerde=nerede= where Ka-ile-u=Kalay....Ne-u-ile=Neyle....Ka-ne-deng =kanday........Ne-asıl=Nasıl= How Ne-de-en=Neden=thereat what (at what reason then)= why Ne-yir-de-en=Nereden (nerden)=thereat where =(1.where from)=(2.under what condition)=when/where and how Dã-en=(Dan-Den) =from (at.. then) (than) (thereat) (when there's it/ then there's it)

[@Abeturk]

21+ tenses in turkish language... Anatolian Turkish.verb conjugations A= To (towards /~for) (for the thick voiced words) E= To (towards /~for) (for the subtle voiced words) Okul=School U=(ou)=it= (it's that)>(I /U /i /ü=~about ) Git=Go Mak/Mek (emek)=exertion /process Git-mek=(verb)= to Go (the process of going= getmek =to get there now on ) Gel-mek= to Come 1 .present continuous tense (right now or soon, now on or later, currently or nowadays) Used to explain the current actions or planned events (for the specified times) YOR-mak =to tire ( to try , to deal with this) >Yor=~go over it (for the subtle and thick voiced words) A/E Yormak=(to arrive an idea/opinion onto what's this) I/U Yormak=(to arrive wholly over it) used as the suffix="Yor" (yaʊr) positive. Okula gidiyorsun ( you're going to school)= Okul-a Git-i-yor-u-Sen > School-to /Go-to-try /it's-You=(You try to Go to school) Evden geliyorum ( I'm coming from home) = Ev-de-en Gel-i-yor-u-Men > Home-at-then/ Come-to-try/ I-am=(from home I try to come) negative A)..Mã= Not B)Değil= it's not (the equivalent of)=(deŋi.le) examples A: Okula gitmiyorsun ( you're not going to school)= Okul-a Git-Ma-i-yor-u--Sen (School-to /Go-Not-it-try /it's-You) -(You don't try to-Go to school) B: Okula gidiyor değilsin ( you are not going to school)=Okul-a Git-i-yor değil-sen (You aren't try..to Go to School) Question sentence: Mã-u =Not-it =(is) Not it? Used as the suffixes ="Mı /Mu/Mi /Mü " Okula mı gidiyorsun? ( Are you going to school?)= Okul-a Ma-u Git-i-yor-u-sen ? (To-school/ Not-it / You-try-to-go)(~Towards the school or somewhere else are you going ?) Okula gidiyor musun? ( Do you go to school?)= Okul-a Git-i-yor Ma-u -sen ? (To school /Try-to-go /Not-it-you) (~You try to go to school (anymore) or not ?) (~Do you go to school ?( at some specific times) Okula sen mi gidiyorsun ? (~Are only you that going to school ?) 2 .simple wide tense ( it's used to explain our own thoughts about the topic) (everytime, always or at all, often,rarely, any time or sometimes, now on, soon or afterwards, inshallah/ possible to get a chance ) positive VAR-mak =~ to arrive (at) (to attain) .(for the thick voiced words) used as the suffixes >"Ar-ır-ur" ER-mek=~ to get (at) (to reach) (for the subtle voiced words) used as the suffixes >"Er-ir-ür" examples Okula gidersin ( You get to go to school)= Okul-a Git-e-er-sen > (I think) you have a chance to go to school Kuşlar gökyüzünde uçar ( The birds fly in the sky )=Kuş-lar gökyüzü-n-de uç-a-var ( The birds (get to fly) arrive at flying in the sky) Bunu görebilirler = (they can see this) = Bu-ne-u Gör-e-Bil-e-er-ler =(They-get-to-Know-to-See this-what-is)>They get at the knowledge to see about what's this Question sentence: in interrogative sentences it means : is not it so? or what do you think about this topic? Okula gider misin? (Do you get to go to school )= Okul-a Git-e-er Ma-u-Sen ?>You get to Go to School, Not it ?=(~What about you getting to go to school ?) negative Bas-mak =to dwell on/to tread on (bas git= ~leave and go > pas geç / vaz geç=give up) Ez-mek = to crush (ez geç= think nothing about / es geç=skip ) Mã= Not the suffix ="MAZ" Ma-bas=(No pass)=Na pas=(not to dwell on)>(to give up) (in the thick voiced words) the suffix ="MEZ" Ma-ez= (No crush) =does not>(to skip) (in the subtle voiced words) example Okula gitmezsin ( You don't/(won't) go to school)= Okul-a Git-ma-ez-sen ((you skip of going to school) O bunu yapmaz (It/she/he doesn't do this)= Bunu yap-ma-bas= ( s/he don't dwell on to do this / s/he gives up doing this) Niçün buna bakmazsınız = (Why don't you look at this )=Ne-u-çün bu'n-a bak-ma-bas-sen-iz (2. plural)= what-that-factor you give up looking at this (one) A: Babam aslında uyurgezer değildir = My father isn't actually a sleepwalker B.Ürünlerimiz sugeçirmez değildir =Our products aren't waterproof (so you shouldn't wash them) 3.simple future tense (soon or later) Used to describe events that we are aiming for or think are in the future Çak-mak =~to fasten , ~to tack, ~to keep beside (for the thick voiced words) Çek-mek=~to attract , ~to take ,~to fetch , ~to keep close, ~to want ,~to will (for the subtle voiced words) the suffixes= ("CAK"-djäk) - ("CEK" -djek) positive.. Okula gideceksin ( you'll go to school)= Okul-a Git-e-çek-sen (~You fetch/take (in mind)-to-Go to school) Ali kapıyı açacak ( Ali is gonna open the door)= Ali Kapı-y-ı Aç-a-çak (~Ali keeps close to open the door) negative A. Okula gitmeyeceksin (you won't go to school)= Okul-a Git-ma-e-çek-sen (~you don't keep/fetch (in mind) to go to school) B. Okula gidecek değilsin (you aren't gonna go to school)= Okul-a Git-e-çek değil-sen (~you're not wanting (/wanted) to go to school) 4 . simple past tense (currently or before) Used to explain the completed events we're sure about Di = now on (anymore) Di-mek(demek) = ~ to deem , ~ to mean, ~ to think this way Used as the suffixes=.Dı /Di /Du/ Dü - (Tı /Ti /Tu /Tü) positive Okula gittin ( you went to school)= Okul-a Git-di-N Okula gittin mi ? (did you go to school ?)= Okul-a Git-di-N Ma-u ?( You went to school Not-it ?) Dün İstanbul'da kaldım (I stayed in Istanbul yesterday)= Dün İstanbul-da kal-dı-M negative Okula gitmedin ( you didn't go to school)= Okul-a Git-ma-di-N Bugün hiç birşey yapmadık (We did nothing today) =Bugün hiç birşey yap-ma-dı-K Beni görmediler (They didn't see me) =Ben-i gör-me-di-Ler 5 .narrative past tense- (just now or before) Used to explain the completed events that we're unsure of MUŞ-mak = ~ to inform , (muşu=inform - notice /muşuş=mesaj=message /muştu=müjde=evangel) means... I'm informed about - I noticed that- I got it- I learned such - I heard that - they said...or it seems such (to me) used as the suffixes= (Mış-miş-muş-müş) positive Okula gitmişsin ( I heard) you went to school)= Okul-a Git-miş-u-sen (I realized you've been to school) Yanlış Yapmışım=Yaŋlış Yap-muş-u-men (~Seems that I've made something wrong) /Yanılmışım (I noticed I fell in a mistake) negative A. Okula gitmemişsin (I heard) you didn't go to school)= Okul-a Git-ma-miş-sen (I got it) you hadn't gone to school) B. Okula gitmiş değilsin =(I'm aware) you haven't been to school. Okul-a Git--miş değil-sen ( I learned you're not gone to school) in interrogative sentences it means .Do you have any inform about? have you heard?.are you aware?. or does it look like this? İbrahim bugün okula gitmiş mi? =(do you know /have you heard): Has Abraham gone to school today? 6.Okula varmak üzeresin =You're about to arrive at school 7.Okula gitmektesin (You're in (process of) going to school)= ~you have been going to school 8.Okula gitmekteydin =You had been going to school 9.Okula gitmekteymişsin =I learned/heard > you've been going to school 10.Okula gidiyordun (Okula git-e-yor er-di-n) = You were going to school 11.Okula gidiyormuşsun (Okula git-e-yor er-miş-sen) ( I heard that) You are going to school) (I learned you were going to school) 12.Okula gidecektin (Okula git-e-çek erdin) (You would go to school after/then)(.~I had thought you'll go to school)(~You've said about you're going to go to school) 13.Okula gidecekmişsin (Okula git-e-çek ermişsen) (I heard that you'd like to go to school then)(I learned that you'll go to school) 14.Okula giderdin ( Okula git-e-er erdin) (You used to go to school bf) ( you would go to school bf/then) 15.Okula gittiydin ( Okula git-di erdin) ( I had seen you went to school) (~I remember you've gone to school) 16.Okula gitmiştin ( Okula git-miş erdin) ( I know that > you had gone to school) 17.Okula gitmiş oldun( Okula git-miş ol-du-n) (you have been to school) Bu bir Elma = This is an apple Bu bir Kitap = This is a book Dur-mak=to keep to be present there Durur=it keeps to be present there used as the suffixes=(Dır- dir- dur- dür / Tır- tir-tur-tür) It's usually used on correspondences and literary language... (formal) Meaning in the formal conversations =(that keeps to be present there) Bu bir Elmadır= (bu bir elma-durur)= This is an apple (that keeps to be present there) Bu bir Kitaptır= (bu bir kitap-durur)= This is a book (that keeps to be present there) Meaning within everyday conversations as informal=( I think that /I guess that looks as..) Bu bir Elmadır= (bu bir elma-durur)= (I guess> this is an apple (that looks such) Bu bir elma gibi duruyor=Looks like an apple this is it( This looks like an apple) Bu bir Kitaptır= (bu bir kitap-durur)= (I think> this is a book (that looks such) Bu bir kitap gibi duruyor=This looks like a book 18.Okula gidiyordursun =(guess>likely) You were going to school 19.Okula gidiyorsundur =(I think that) you are going to school 20.Okula gidecektirim =(guess>likely) I would (have to) go to school 21.Okula gideceğimdir=(I think that) ~I'm going to go to school 21.Okula gideceklerdir=(I think that> they're going to go to school 22.Okula gitmiştirler =(guess>likely> they had gone to school) 23.Okula gitmişlerdir =(I think> they've gone to school) (informal) 23.Okula gitmişlerdir = They have been to school (officially) Anlayabilirim= Aŋı-la-y-a Bil-e-Er-Men = I Get-to-Know-to-Understand =(I get at the knowledge to understand)= I can understand Anlayamam = Aŋı-la-y-a Al-Ma-Men =I don't get (to have some things) to-Understand = I can not understand Aŋ= moment Aŋı= memory Aŋı-la=get via memory (save in memory= make it become a memory) Anlamak=to understand Hãtırã=keepsake/souvenir Yadigar=momento Hatır=sake /intangible value (in mind) Hatır-la =(get via the keepsake) hatırlamak/ yad etmek=to remember

[@Abeturk]

The language of Thoeruk people living on the planet W.. (Ou)=U=( it's/ that) (Mã-u)=(Mu)=Bu= this (Thë-u)=(Tsu)=Şu= that (şu=~xiou) ..(ts=~th)=θ (Hë-u)=(Hãu)=O= it (he /she) (Al /El)=(bearer /carrier) (Iz- uz) = S (plural suffix for doubling) Der/Dar=(der)= diger= other ...(dar)=(nearest to the other) (Ler/Lar= plural suffixes) (ɜ:ne)=Eun= Ön= (fore/first) = uno/ one (ilkçe/önce=~firstly)-(önünde/öncesi=~before)-(öncü=pioneer) (Kendi= own)=(Ka-eun-de-u= which's at fore/which one at first) (ɜ:z=euz=Öz= self ) (kendisi=own self/ oneself) in the oldest languages.. (One-this)=(eun-mã-u/ eun-u-mã)=enmo / enuma = me / I am (One-that)=(eun-u-tsë/ eun-thë-u)=enitë / entu = thou / you (One-hã)=(eun-hë-u/ eun-u-hë)=enhu /enuh = he our language (This one)= Mu-eun= (Men)= Ben= Me (That one)= Tsu-eun= (xien/thien)= Sen= You (These ones)= Mu-eun-iz=(miŋiz)=Biz = We (Those ones)=Tsu-eun-iz=(siŋiz)= Siz =You (Plural) Ou-ël=Ol =O= it (he /she) El=someone else (bearer / hand) (El-der)= Eller= other people (different persons) Ou-ël-dar= (Ouldar) =Onlar (The bearer and other-s nearest to it/him) Ou-eun-dar= (Ondar)=Onlar= They Mu-ël-dar=(Mouldar)-(Boular) =(This bearer and other-s nearest to this) Mu-eun-dar= (Moundar)-(Bounnar)=Bunlar= These Tsu-ël-dar=(Xiouldar)-(Shoular) =(That bearer and other-s nearest to that) Tsu-eun-dar=(Xioundar)-(Shounnar)=Şunlar= Those Dayı=(maternal) uncle Dayım=my uncle Dayımlar=my uncle and other ones closest to him=(~my uncle and his family) or (~my uncle and his close friends) Dayılarım=my uncles ikiz=(two similar ones) =twin ikiler =two and other dual ones üçüz=(three similar ones)=triplet üçler = three and other triple ones Men-niŋ=Meniŋ=Benim=My Sen-niŋ=Seniŋ=Senin=Your Ou-ël-niŋ=Olniŋ=Onun=his/her/its Miŋiz-niŋ=Bizniŋ=Bizim=our Siŋiz-niŋ=Sizniŋ=Sizin=your (Plural) Ou-ël-dar-niŋ=Oldarnıŋ=Onların=their Ka=(Qua)= which U=(ou)= it's (that) Ka-u=Ki=(Qui)=which that (Meniŋ-ka-u):=which that my...= benimki=mine (Seniŋ-ka-u):=which that your = seninki=yours (Olniŋ-ka-u):=which that his/her/its= onunki= his/hers/its Mak/Mek...(emek)=(exertion process) Çün=(chun)=factor Ka=(Qua)= (which) U=(ou)= it's (that) (Ka-u)= Ki=(Qui)=which that (Çün-ka-u)=(factor-which-that) =Çünki =(c'est-pour-quoi)=(that's why)=(therefore)= Because U-Çün = that Factor İçün=it's for= için=for Mak/Mek...(emek)=exertion (process) Gel-mek= to come (the process of coming) Gel-mek için = for coming =(the factor to the process of coming) Görmek için= for seeing Gitmek için= for going for deriving new adjectives from verbs A/e=to ...A/e + U-Çün =It's Factor To .. suffixes..(Icı-ici-ucu-ücü) (the pronunciation is like ~uji) (geç-e-u-çün) =it has the factor to pass =Geçici = transient /temporary (uç-a-u-çün) =it has the factor to fly = Uçucu = volatile (kal-a-u-çün) =it has the factor to stay = Kalıcı = permanent (yan-a-u-çün) =it has the factor to burn out = Yanıcı = flammable (yanıcı madde=flammable material) (bağla-y-a-u-çün) =it has the factor to biind/connect = Bağlayıcı = binding/connective for deriving new adjectives from nouns and adjectives Çün=factor ( Jiŋ= agency /being the agent/element of..) suffixes.. (Cı-ci-cu-cü) or (Çı-çi-çu-çü) = (jui / tchui ) (jaban-jiŋ) Yabancı = (outsider)=foreign-er (ish-jiŋ)İşçi= work-er kapıcı=doorman demirci=ironsmith gemici=sailor deŋizci=seaman for deriving adjectives from the numbers U-Ne-Çün =that-what-factor suffixes..(Ncı-ncu-nci-ncü) (Bir-u-ne-çün)=Birinci= ~first (initial) (İki-u-ne-çün)= İkinci= second (Üç-u-ne-çün)= Üçüncü=third (Miŋ-u-ne-çün)=Bininci=thousandth Annemiŋ pişirdiği tavuk çorbası =(Anne-m-niŋ Biş-dir-di-ka-u Tavğuk Şorba-tsu)= the chicken soup which (that belong) my mom cook-ed... Arkadaşımdan bana gelğen mektubu okudum= (Arkadaş-ım-dan baŋ-a (gel-ka-eun) mektup-u oku-du-m)= I've read the-letter (which-one-comes) from my friend to me Sen eve giderken = (Sen Ev-e Git-e-er u-ka-en) = (that-which-time You get-to-Go to-Home)= While you go home Seni gördüğüm yer = (Sen-u Gör-dü-ka-u-m yer) = (which-that-place (belong) I Saw (that) You) = Where I saw you İşe başlayacağı gün= iş-e başla-y'a-çak-ka-u gün (.Ki o gün işe başlayacak)=(which) the day s/he's gonna start to work