We Stand Alone Together REACTION!! - Band of Brothers Documentary

[@BlindWave]

Ride the Wave and subscribe by clicking here: kzbin.info Raw Rider Patrons can watch the Full Length Reaction HERE: blindwavellc.com/band-of-brothers-1x11-full-we-stand-alone-together/

[@timg1851]

Ken Burn's Civil War is amazing, I enjoyed it more than The Pacific

[@SMJ495]

Wild Bill Guarnere passed away in 2014 at the age of 90 surrounded by his family. He is survived by his two sons, nine grandchildren and fourteen great-grandchildren. Can’t ask for much more than that folks. He’s one of my personal heros.

[@arkadyfolkner]

In south philly there is a park with a bronze statue of 'Babe' Heffron. Inside that statue is a bronze heart with Babe and his wife's ashes sealed inside. At some point after Wild Bill passed on, a bronze of him joined that of Babe in the park, best friends together again...

[@boydrobertson2362]

It's a true tragedy every single time we lose a member of the greatest generation. I'm just so glad we have a pretty thorough account of his story to remember him.

[@rw0dyxer012]

It's crazy to think that he was still around during that time when I was in elementary, middle and high school during those years. A generation passed but never forgotten.

[@ladycplum]

They knocked it out of the park when casting Guarnere. Frank John Hughes did such an amazing job, I remember he was the only one I recognized immediately when they were doing the interviews with the men before each episode, without telling us their names just yet.

[@JayTee553]

In the early 2000s, I lived across the street from a World War II veteran who commanded an Armored Division Artillery Unit in the European Theatre of Operations. The Division he commanded liberated the Dachau concentration camp. He was later the recipient of the Bronze Star. After the war, he was a police officer for 21 years and later served as a Foreign Service Officer for the US State Department. He passed in 2014 as one of the bravest men and best storytellers I ever knew. He was the one who got me interested in WWII and, by extension, this show. I think about him every time I watch it, especially that episode where the soldiers stumble upon a concentration camp. Such a classic.

[@francoperi7496]

I haven't finished the video yet, but for 36:55 sadly, all members of Easy company have passed. From the ones we follow in the show, Malarkey was the last one, he passed in 2017. The last member to pass was Bradford Freeman, who died last year. I don't know if the reunions still happen to this day, but sadly no member of this company of heroes is alive today.

[@jandm4ever716]

I know the actors do their own reunions

[@quinnthespin5407]

If i remember even those who past their familys would show up, so i would imagine the familys probably keep in touch or meet from time to time

[@RandyReviews1990]

that's sad i was hoping a couple of them would still be alive!

[@UnRu1eD]

My Pepa was part of this Generation as a Marine on 5th Marines, Man was at Pearl Harbor, Guadalcanal and Iwo Jima, many many more in WW2 and Korea. RIP SgtMajor. William Braddock. Passed away last year in March, 2022

[@krisfrederick5001]

"Grandpa were you a hero in the War? Grandpa says no, but I served in a Company of heroes" Near tears every time. This is amazing, but I implore you and everyone to see Ron Livingstons Boot Camp Diary. Believe it or not, it makes you appreciate this series even more. All of the men of Easy are now gone, but the men who portrayed them now have reunions to honor them. Currahee ♠

[@EmeryAzure]

Wish The Pacific had won the poll but I understand needing a break. In some ways, The Pacific is an even harder watch so Eric better get himself good and prepared for that one.

[@thgaminghd8197]

What did win the poll?

[@jacomoss3041]

@@thgaminghd8197 Ted Lasso

[@iKvetch558]

Indeed...the makers of The Pacific did a really good job of representing the much higher casualty and death rates of ground combat on that side of the world, despite the much lower numbers of personnel involved.👍

[@thgaminghd8197]

win win for me, love that show, and it's relatively short, so can move to another show soon too!@@jacomoss3041

[@OctoStar20]

@@iKvetch558 Band Of Brothers is the better show, but when it comes to representing the brutality and violence of war, I have yet to see something as realistic and effective as The Pacific

[@Craig89c]

You guys should definetly do more documentaries. I honestly can't remember how many times I've seen Band of Brothers it's peak TV.

[@WhackyRavenLand]

Another first would be to watch Ron Livingston's (Lewis Nixon) behind the scenes video diaries from bootcamp

[@brianpainter6620]

My father Michael Painter was one of the 7 US Coast Guardsmen killed in Vietnam when I was 18 months old. I never had any stories of his time in Vietnam, he never wrote about it in his letters to Mom. After I joined the USCG in the mid-nineties I got online and was able to locate several of his old shipmates who served with him and helped fill in those gaps, including first hand accounts of the day he died. I met several of these men at a couple of reunions (Coast Guard Combat Veterans Association) and have connected with many on Facebook. I was basically welcomed in as a part of their fellowship, especially since I followed Dad’s footsteps in joining the USCG. Several of them said it was like I became part of their family.

[@rawschri]

When they started doing the interviews with the veterans in preparation for the series, the crews noticed that the men's family would often be present " en masse " when they arrived. Initially, they thought it was because they thought either Tom Hanks or Spielberg might be there, but they quickly came to realise it was because their Father, Grandfather etc had never talked at any length about the War before, and it was that they had come to see ... Another point, some of the actors chosen to play the men took time to meet the real men. Peter Youngblood Hills spent two days as a guest of Shifty Powers and his family listening to his style of speech and watching his mannerisms .... Winters, Martin, Powers, Liebgott, Babe, Johnny Martin, Powers, Sisk, Moore, Mo Alley, Grant, Blythe & Doc Roe amongst others were all played by British actors & I heard the veterans/families were amazed how good they were in nailing down the accents ... Finally, thanks for your reaction ... one last thing, I'm sure you've all seen " Raiders of the Lost Arc " ( 1981 ) ... did you spot that the German Officer, leading the Nazi " dig " who's face melts in the heat when the Arc is opened, is the same actor who plays the German General who gives the memorable speech to his defeated troops in Episode 10 .... he's called Wolf Kahler !!

[@4nthr4x]

I've watched a dozen channels reacting to BoB, and every time I find in the comments a new snippet of surprising info. Thank you for mentioning the actor playing the German General. Nice!

[@Easy_Skanking]

Every single time I see the veterans telling their stories of loss, I am tearing up. The depth of what they experienced must have been overwhelming at times. That strength of character is humbling.

[@Jennifer-rp2sh]

21:21 "That's a great picture"...of Lewis Nixon, BTW.

[@MegaHello202]

They casted him perfectly

[@timg1851]

Ken Burn's Civil War is amazing, I enjoyed it more than The Pacific

[@Jdub54]

The Sullivan Ballou Letter still makes me tear up. The song Ashokan Farewell does as well.

[@vinniemoran7362]

A lot of these veterans showed up at the Emmys , when BoB won a bunch of awards. The premiere of the series was held on Utah Beach in Normandy, which many of the same vets attended. The videos of both events are here on KZbin.

[@RandyReviews1990]

always heard of the show never seen it didn't realize the show and this doc is over 20 years old!

[@vegvisir9276]

All the actors were great in their roles but Frank John Hughes who plays Bill Guarnere in the series stands out a bit more than the others to me, when you see Bill in these interviews then watch a scene of Frank playing him, i can definitely see a young Bill there.

[@foulrot]

Shifty and Peter Youngblood Hills as well.

[@vegvisir9276]

@@foulrot yeah he was great catching Shifty's very soft way of speaking

[@somthingbrutal]

There is a great Documentary you guys should check out They Shall Not Grow Old directed by Peter Jackson about WW1 the work he did on the actual footage from the time is amazing

[@reviewbomb85]

Private Alley's grenade story is the inciting incident of the "Crossroads" episode of the series. He's the soldier that they rush into the area that Talbert is playing with his dog, and set on a table to have Doc Rowe examine him.

[@briangus182]

There was a video of a panel that I watched about the making of the series that talked about how when the interviewers showed up to interview the vets, the entire house was filled with family members, because this was the very first time that some of them told their stories from war. The cast of Band of Brothers have continued the tradition of having reunions. They are in the process of making a third series Masters of the Air. Wish they did it a lot earlier, since now all the actual veterans have likely passed away.

[@MaxStone289]

I was wondering when that's going to be released. I heard that they were doing a third series but nothing since then, I almost think it was shelved because of Covid.

[@texasrattlesnake31637]

Just Incredible. Rewatching this with the Wave Crew is definitely an experience. 10/10 Documentary. 👍👍👍💯💯💯

[@Frazzzld]

Just so you know, the picture they show at 21:22 is Nixon. It's too bad he wasn't alive when they did this show. It would've been great to hear what he had to say, and to see him and Winters together. Also, the actors who played these men have their own reunions too. So by them recreating what Easy Company did, they have formed a special bond as well.

[@soflyedits322]

@1:59 Calvin is 1000% right, you should all watch cunk on earth ; it's a mockumentary but with actual history...it's amazing.

[@MoviesAndTvShowsAreSubjective]

Yup. I agree. Cunk is hilarious imo

[@jp1170]

The “Buck” you guys are thinking of wasnt Paul Rodgers, it was Lynn Compton. Also, the men watched it. They had a premier in Normandy and HBO flew all of the veterans over there to attend the premier.

[@jamesmckissick3356]

the guy with the chocolate bars lol

[@jp1170]

@@jamesmckissick3356 what do you mean?

[@jamesmckissick3356]

@@jp1170 buck mentions how he had a bag full of candy bars when he landed lol it’s in the doc

[@jp1170]

@@jamesmckissick3356 ah yes

[@jnoutdoors268]

You guys should watch the behind the scenes from the actors. They had multiple panel discussions and one of the I want to say “producers” (a woman can’t remember her name), but she was talking to babe and garnere. They asked her if she’s ever heard of the 101 and she replied “of course, the 101st airborne!” Garnere gives her a kiss on the lips, she has a surprised look on her face and then babe gives her a kiss on the lips. 1 oh 1 😂😂😂😂

[@SargNickFury]

In retrospect though we celebrate their remarkable accomplishments during the war, I feel we should celebrate just as much what they accomplished when they got home. That generation was forged, hardened into steel and tempered in war. When they came home they did wonders for the economy. They created the highest living standard in history. Many would become local council members and hold office etc they beleived to do so was a "civic" duty as much as they military duty. Think for a moment about the people on your local "school board" or "zoning comision" etc.....usually a bunch of self serving optunistic grifters today. But imagine now living in an era where even these mundane bureacratic positions were filled by the likes of these men. Imagine trying to talk them into supporting agendas that would hurt their community or country for personal financial gain. How far do you think that would fly? How many of them would have traded their children's birthright for Chinese investment etc? We took them for granted. What they did after coming home was every bit as significant to what they did during the war. When I grew up (gen X) These guys would be at your barbershop exchanging stories etc while you waited for a cut, Korean and Vietnam vets would join in, but there was no doubt about the pecking order. I just think we took for granted these giants among us. It was just "Mr So and so" down the street, with the nice tomatos in his garden. But that guy was a total badass. My neighbor had worked as a seabee under constant zero straffing their position in the pacific, I never knew it until just before he died. All he wanted to do is talk about his tomatos. Another neighbor served as a Marine and was shot pretty badly by the Japanese...all he wanted to do talk about his perfectly manicured grass lawn. It's just crazy to think about. It makes me wonder how badly will we need to suffer to have a generation of decent citizens again?

[@patd0]

32:28 there’s been a lot of good work done recently on what’s been called the “myth of the clean wehrmacht” (regular German army). Historians will be unpacking this forever but there is a growing consensus that the line between the SS and the regular army is much blurrier than originally thought. However if the notion that the crimes against humanity were mostly being committed by the SS gave comfort to the surviving allied soldiers, if it helped them make sense of the atrocities… then I’m glad that this work is picking up steam now after they’re almost all gone.

[@scottthomas4779]

I just want to thank you guys for reacting to all the band of brothers stuff. I had the honor and privilege 20 years ago to meet and talk to Colonel Ed Shames (he was 101st airborne with all these boys) he told me about normandy and all the other battles that they went through. One of his comments he made to me was that "it makes me feel good that the younger generations still care about what happened back then" i replied to him "we always will sir" . Its so important that the memories of these men and their extraordinary courage and sacrifice never fade into oblivion and you fellas have done a great thing here helping to insure that never happens.

[@afrocomber]

Definitely worth checking out more of the 'Bonus Material' from Band of Brothers. It's one of the great DVD box sets even without the show itself!

[@JoeMama410]

I recently saw an interview with George Luz's son (also named George). The really interesting story was when Sobol's son came to a reunion and he shared his memories of his dad. It seems that in private life Sobol was the life of the party and was well liked.

[@craignickum6551]

when filming the documentary where guarnere and hefron ae standing in the woods by foy, guarnere told the film crew if they find his leg let him know.

[@codebread5315]

As of July 3, 2022, there are no more surviving enlisted soldiers from Easy Company. The last one being Bradford C Freeman. Legendary Men.

[@dt2tube]

When they showed the guys at the reunion, oof that got me, choked up there. :( Bless all these men. Thank you guys for reacting to this show.

[@waynec3563]

Another series you could watch is "Rogue Heroes", which is about the formation of the British SAS in North Africa in WW2.

[@judemiller]

Guarnere and Babe in the woods gives me chills

[@joelgilmore3084]

2:56 “we just started” love it

[@canadian__ninja]

Important distinction (for me) Buck Rogers is not Buck Compton from the show, there were two Bucks. Compton was Lynn "Buck" Compton.

[@henkisa]

couple of weeks ago went to the foxholes from easy companie at foy

[@Worldwar2buff]

Beside watching The Pacific , you should watch the Movies unbroken and Hacksaw ridge. Both of which are based a real soldiers.

[@rollomaughfling380]

27:58 Winters didn't "say" that; he was quoting from a letter he'd gotten from Myron "MIke" Ranney.

[@takeidas]

Great to see y'alls reactions to the show, turly one of those pieces of media that will outlive many others imo.

[@dlxmarks]

I'm really glad this documentary was made because the series, for reasons of cast and story economy, focused on a small group of individuals but there were so many amazing soldiers in Easy Company. 140 men were in the company when it shipped out from Toccoa.

[@jp1170]

There are zero living members of Easy Company so there is definitely no more reunions involving the actual men

[@TheOriginalHairyDave]

I know you guys need a break, but Generation Kill is definitely one to add on to the pile. It's the mostly accurate portrayal of the experiences of a reporter embedded with the USMC 1st Recon Battalion during their time in the second Gulf War.

[@Scapegoat613]

Perspective... Band of Brothers and this Documentary put everything into perspective. How petty and little our problems seem when we witness what these men endured. It's unbelievable. Can't help but get misty eyed, even at their jokes or quirks. Blessed to have had these guys tell their story. I wish so many more could have..

[@m4_sherman]

If you want a miniseries similar to Band of Brothers but in German perspective, Generation War is a fantastic series that came out in 2013

[@kerryferguson2400]

You seem interested in the American Civil War. The movie "Gettysburg", starring Martin Sheen, Tom Berenger, Jeff Daniels, Sam Elliot, Kevin Conway and many, many more is a fantastic movie. It is highly historical and was filmed right on the Gettysburg Battlefield National Park. Thousands of Civil war reenactors were used in the film. It has a fantastic script, is well acted, is very accurate, is very powerful, and has you on the edge of your seat the whole time. Highly recommended!

[@heesoo18]

Ty Ty for reacting to this… such an important part of the story

[@mark-be9mq]

To us its heroic & amazing. To them it was deeply traumatic & it's very hard/painful to speak abt, harder to those who you know won't understand. So you don't/can't speak abt it. You fight the battle inside. Try to keep building a life, a family, a country.

[@luigiA.M.]

Since old times, since the bible or other sacred scriptures, human value is show by sincere stories from truthful folk.there is still time for mankind. People are not evil, they are Just lost (Criolo 🇧🇷) Thanks for sharing your reactions

[@gohumberto]

If you ever visit France then you should take the time to visit the cemetery at Colleville-sur-Mer. In fact every Politician should visit it. It shows you the reality of going to war.

[@BigFella2769]

Babe looks like such a grandpa with his glasses on. Looks so sweet.

[@ariochiv]

I think the largest battle of the US Civil War was Gettysburg, with a bit less that 200,000 men combined on both sides. Wars from the earlier periods of history just can't compare with the industrial scale of modern warfare.

[@caras2004]

Watch a movie called Generation War It's a miniseries that follows the German side with 5 friends starting in Berlin 1941. German with English subtitles

[@patd0]

16:16 assuming this footage is actually from Holland (or another real liberation) they would probably have gotten the flags from the camera crew. We weren’t as skilled at propaganda as the Nazis but we produced our share of it for sure.

[@8044868]

The fellow whom Babe refers to as "taking a shot" for him had recently received the dreaded "Dear John" letter.

[@russelllane7551]

The greatest generation

[@MaxStone289]

The documentary and series are amazing, ordinary people doing extraordinary things was a tag line for a while. Is there any relation of Rick to John Martin?

[@tgreaner]

It's up to each individual what they want to share. But things I saw I will never share with anyone, especially my kids. Those memories are mine, not theirs and I have them in an attempt to protect their generation from not having to experience them first hand. No reason to share with anyone.

[@jackson857]

Watching the Pacific is a must. You gotta watch it before Masters of the Air comes out so we can all watch that together.

[@joshuaortiz2031]

That shit still hasn't come out yet? I've been waiting for masters of the air for years. I stopped keeping up on the production last year. How many times have they postponed the release now?

[@kidmanaena]

after you watch the pacific. there is another documentary you have to watch called they have seen war abut post war life

[@linusandersson3947]

dont know if you have watched the fallen of ww2 its a great video , you should give it a watch. Also great reactions as always this even got me emotional

[@RJKookie]

I would love to see more documentary reactions. Highly recommend Ken Burns’ WW2 documentary “The War” (only watch it after reacting to “The Pacific”) / “Ghosts of Bataan” - well-done WW2 documentary about the Battle of Bataan and ensuing Death March and captivity of American & Filipino soldiers under Japanese forces / “Unsurrendered 2: The Hunters ROTC Guerrillas” - another WW2 documentary from the Filipino perspective. If you don’t react, it’s cool - just watch them and share 😊

[@RJKookie]

A couple random reaction suggestions: the landmark TV series “Columbo” & Kevin Bacon in “Taking Chance”

[@xmatobujnakx]

please watch some actual war documentary ..it is very interesting and sad

[@chris-edinburgh8898]

When are you doing The Pacific? 😃

[@Cornberry]

Hope everyone has a good July 4th holiday!

[@emwungarand]

FYI that's not the same Buck. Buck in the show was Lynn "Buck" Compton. There were several guys in E Company with the same nickname. Buck, Webb (2 Websters and a Webb) etc etc

[@howue1221]

Y’all need to watch the Pacific and Generation Kill!

[@ba55bar]

the cast and crew have done their own reunions ever since the show finished. There's also a BoB symposium that happened this year that's worth a look. The cast, crew and families tell their own stories

[@brianbooker8724]

Both of my grandfathers and at least one great-uncle that I'm aware of served during WWII. Sadly, all of them passed away before this show came out, but I think they would have appreciated and liked it.

[@mattthomas8178]

27:35 This is what peak male performance looks like

[@whittyone7794]

I highly recommend, Ken Burns: The War. Documentary, approximately 15 hours long. A masterpiece.

[@jeffreywettig5302]

Lots of interwebs rabbit holes to go down with this series. Lots of parallels between the soldiers and the actors and the families, many great interviews and stories. The WW2 symposium in New Orleans last year had many actors and family members. 7 hours worth of panels and such. Also History Hacks did Zoom calls with almost all the actors during the pandemic.

[@somthingbrutal]

very much in the same vein as BoB and the Pacific, first the German WW2 series Das Boot and the Us series From the earth to The Moon about the Apollo Program

[@mark-be9mq]

My fav uncle, I was told had a vry hard time his 1st yrs back frm the war. He never spoke a word about it. Only once at 80 illuding to hearing loss frm artillery to explain not hearing something to his wife of 30+ yrs. First time she'd heard of it & only. He was a quiet, hard working, faithfilled, generous man who humbly built a very good life he shared with us kids.

[@pauldear6660]

Near the start, that wasn't the "Buck" you thought it was. There are three "Bucks" in this documentary. "Buck" Compton is the one you were probably thinking of.

[@ccchhhrrriiisss100]

If you have an opportunity to play HELL LET LOOSE (the World War 2 video game), you should play it. It's based upon a lot of the very battles that the men of Easy Company fought. The maps and buildings are recreated faithfully. It really makes you feel some of what they felt.

[@TrippettProductions]

You guys need to watch the video diary that Ron Livingston (Nixon) made of everyone doing their training before filming. It was really interesting.

[@daddynitro199]

Many of the families of E co vets became very close. I think some of the vets tried to get their kids to marry kids of other E co vets. There are still (kind of) E co reunions, but they’re now held by the actors. I know a few have been held in the English countryside by Nolan “Ssgt Chuck Grant” Hemmings. I believe most of the cast was involved in filming for about 9 months, so they got very close.

[@Marqblink1]

I was so glad you went through this with us. This has brought to life, both of my grandfathers for my daughter. One fought for Canada in Italy and North Africa, and my little granddad fought for Britain, but never shared where he fought. My family tree is alive and well today because they survived incredible odds. How many families were wiped from the earth because of the awful deeds of 3 tyrants. We must never forget, as these incredible men & women will soon no longer be counted among the living.

[@chrisbrookens5994]

You guys should definitely do The Pacific soon. Basically Band of Brothers from the Pacific side, but shows how brutal that theater was.

[@estherslaughter666]

The National WWII Museum channel has some interviews and symposium type get togethers that involve the cast and the families of the soldiers. It's really lovely to see that many of them have really bonded over this series. Also, Ron Livingstone's video diary is worth a watch.

[@pauldear6660]

There is lots on KZbin where the actors met up with the veterans before they passed or the actors going to the battlefields and the actors themselves having reunions, including where some did tandem parachute jumps. There are also interviews with the actors on "Black sky" radio and in the BoB box set there is another DVD disc with a lot of behind the scenes stuff on it, which includes the actors going through training and Ron "Nix" Livingston films them behind the scenes himself.

[@swedish_malin]

It would be great if you did more documentary reactions! There are terrific movies like The Cove, Blackfish, My Octopus Teacher, Grizzly Man, etc. 🥰

[@mark-be9mq]

Tippers daughter saying how much she loved her, "Daddy" & visiting the D-Day Cemetery w/rows & rows of crosses, is one if the most touching & beautiful of the series.

[@grantpryseski3623]

The pistol Winters displayed that had never been fired was buried with him to ensure it never would.

[@christhompson9140]

Do you have the source on thar? I'd be interested in reading it.

[@YouMe-ru6wi]

The greatest generation indeed they were made of different stuff, and sadly there is not many WW2 veterans left I read that by the year 2036 most of them if not all will be gone😢 That's why it's important to record and get there stories for future generations to always remember🙏

[@SN-uv4mh]

I respect them. Freedom and freedom do not come for free.

[@brianshultz3222]

The story about throwing all the grenades in a few seconds, was just before the "Crossroads" episode. They started that episode when they brought Allie back after he had that grenade go off right in his face. That's where he got the 32 holes in his body.

[@douglasarmstrong5896]

The Pacific needs to be done fast on the channel.

[@MbgFire2067]

Bradford Freeman was the last member of Easy Company and passed in July 2022.

[@GDLean12]

Speaking of the German perspective. "The Last Tiger" from Battlefield V is spectacular

[@krisfrederick5001]

Watch "The Fallen of WW2" for some perspective on the War.

[@aaronleesgbclieutenant]

Wish you guys could do the behind the scenes stuff, like the actors doing training, etc

[@jacobhogan3208]

Documentaries are something I wish I watched more of, attending university has given me access to a ton and I watch as many as I can because of how important they are.

[@jonnyp5586]

21:20 that's Nixon.

[@RandyReviews1990]

i have to see this doc for myself now and i wonder if the vets watched band of brothers and what did they think of it!

[@claudiabowling7554]

The actors and families of the men still do reunions almost every year. It’s so nice that they continue this tradition ❤

[@jenniferlangdon8917]

If you guys are interested, most of the primary men in the series wrote their own books. Babe and Wild Bill wrote *Brothers in Battle: Best of Friends*. Malarkey wrote *Easy Company Soldier*.Buck Compton wrote *Call of Duty: my life before, during, and after the band of brothers. Major Winters wrote *Beyond Band of Brothers*. There are also several others that were written as well that tell other stories... Marcus Brotherton wrote *A Company of Heroes*, *Untold stories from Band of Brothers*, and *Shifty's War*. On your question about the reunions... there are still reunions that the soldiers families and the cast and crew of the show still attend even though all the soldiers have since died.

[@daddynitro199]

Malarkey also co-wrote “Saving my enemy” which is about his relationship with the Volksdeutsche soldier he met a few days after D-Day.

[@escott1444]

INTERSTELLAR NEXT!!!!!