What Did the Ancient Mars Look Like? Geography of the Red Planet

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We are used to imagining Mars as a cold barren planet devoid of any life-giving water and atmosphere. It’s been covered with lifeless deserts seared by lethal cosmic radiation for billions of years now. Still, the surface of Mars bears traces of ancient seas and rivers, which were even more turbulent and water-abundant than those on Earth. And the deeper we delve into the history of the Red Planet, the more startling aspect it assumes.
00:00 Intro
00:41 The ancient Mars
02:18 Immersing into Mars' depths
04:05 Map of Mars
04:36 Map of Mars (Valles Marineris)
06:50 Map of Mars (Coprates Chasma)
08:55 Map of Mars (Gale Crater)
09:30 Gale Crater (Curiosity's landing site)
10:01 Curiosity Rover's route
12:18 Map of Mars (Hellas Planitia)
14:47 Map of Mars (Jezero crater)
15:14 Jezero Crater (Perseverance's landing site)
15:59 Perseverance Mars rover's route
18:59 Mars' satellites (Phobos and Deimos)
19:58 Phobos
21:16 Deimos
22:21 Ending
#Mars #Planet #Spacecraft #Kosmo

[@Kosmo_off]

Hi, everyone! It is probably the most elaborate episode in the history of our channel. Three months of painstaking work. So, how is it?

[@nogrecords]

Perfect!

[@chrisscheidt9643]

Awesome

[@travisdotcom]

Wonder episode! My one wish is that there was soundtrack info attached to the videos.

[@WoodSprite4ever]

Finally I'm getting answeres to the questions I've had rolling around in my mind 🎉 my response to your question is FANTASTIC ❤

[@malcolmabram2957]

Superb construction. Detailed account of the pathways of Perseverance and Curiosity. What is sad, a 2 minute video of a funny dog or cat. though admittedly enjoyable, will attract 100 rimes more views. One point is that if one counts ice as water, there is about 5 million cubic kilometres of ice in the north ice cap, which if melted would cover the surface of Mars to an average depth of 5 metres.

[@abandon2100]

Wish such shows were on tv on regular basis. At least we have this!

[@1cyanideghost]

This comment needs to be pinned. Facts.

[@brendameistar]

Who the fk watches reg TV anymore. KZbin is the place to be. Personalised contents for a price of near free due to ads or premium sub.

[@samr.england613]

PBS used to show content like this, but, I wouldn't know lately, because after my internet bill, can't afford cable, and my apartment complex doesn't allow HD antennae.

[@1cyanideghost]

@@samr.england613 Stop wasting money on cables and use a firestick or iptv.

[@steffenflindt8670]

TV? Bruh 1990 called 😅

[@WCKD.]

I think this was Nat Geo quality! Perfectly executed and super interesting topic. These kind of videos about Mars, Ceres, 16 Psyche and Titan are my favorites. Keep up the good work!

[@andrewgibson7610]

I always feel sad for Mars because it didn't quite make it !

[@robertoveson3688]

I'm certain the extremophiles that live there love it ❤

[@richardpapp1340]

So close right? How amazing if it had and we had two earth like planets in one system??

[@Bionickpunk]

And Venus making it, but being too close to the sun so runaway greenhouse effect took over.

[@randylahey1232]

I'll drink to that🍻

[@ragn3852]

Dont feel sad for it. Eventually humanity will turn it into a garden

[@akibabe09]

I love anything about Mars😊❤. Stunning work! Reminds me of the days when i watched channels like Nat. Geo and whatnot

[@the1gresh]

Killed this one, cuz. Production value unmatched.

[@mikeullger]

All of your content is awesome, can see the effort and passion in all you do!! Well done!!

[@Bionickpunk]

Its so sad that Mars was so close to being a habitable world with life, same with Venus, but due to several parameters deviating from what Earth had, they ended up being cold or hot lifeless worlds. Imagine if our solar system had three planets teeming with life, how would that have effected our civilizations?

[@jeffs6090]

That would be rather sweet! However, it would have only been fairly recently that we would have found this out. So, it would not have effected our civilizations much until now (the past several decades).

[@robunderwood7689]

if there had been life on both Venus and mars as well as earth I think our technology would be very different, and maybe more advanced due to the drive and efforts that would be made to communicate with and visit those worlds

[@Tipi83]

Three planets fighting against eachother.

[@forrestwhichard2862]

Odds are that Mars WAS populated with living organisms, beings, creatures, animals, intelligent life. Unfortunately all of the evidence has disappeared over the billions of years.

[@adventurescotland]

I think it would have effected our entire civilisation and development. Radio transmissions to Mars only take two hours, so when we would have discovered life on one of them or even both we would maybe have put more effort in science and development of space travel and exploration.

[@barba928]

Moving around like we were on the surface was a cool idea: 'and here we go SW and find...'. This was the best Mars video I've seen. Good job.

[@el7griego]

It was a wonderful journey again, Kosmo. What surprises me most, is that Mars is only a fraction the size of Earth, but some of it's features are really extreme in size. Like the big scar that is thousands of km's wide and 15(?) km's deep. Bizare!

[@user-li5vr6cd6o]

Is that Nth of the Equator, is there 2of them. The rusa boy, who said he lived on Mars is now 21yo.. He said there was a Nuclear war on Mars. He's correct there was .. According to a Science University paper, US. 2015 The Dark Scorch like marks, were thermonuclear, Explosions, In fact they, released a model of the size, of the larger of the 2Bombs dimensions it was .. 800mtres tall an 100mtres Diameter.. NASA has obviously been there before, an the Radioactive levels of Radiation in those 2scorch marks was thru the Roof. They're initial study was, it was, natural or Nuclear Power plant Explosion. Nope was War ..

[@Deus69xxx1]

Unless I messed up on maths, if the radius of a planets core is more than half the size of the entire planet, that would put the planet inside it's own core.

[@richardpapp1340]

Amazing job! Thank you for all your efforts.

[@CallMeKakarot1]

Love your content❤

[@tonysargent1699]

Most enjoyable! Thankyou for that episode. Yes, let's keep in touch.

[@Sae1962]

Excellent video! Congratulations! Keep it up!

[@thinkbeforyouvote]

Holy cow guys. You have really outdone yourselves and I have only watched a portion of it so far. I have been watching space shows for decades and most of it is the same scientists, talking about the same stuff, just a little older and wearing a different outfit. This is real.

[@williamcaton8432]

This is the best documentary I’ve seen on Mars. Excellent work!

[@SupremeChalupaSnoke]

Best video ever

[@eblake626]

This is grade A content! Thank you for your work!

[@rodneymcgiveron]

THIS IS AMAZING....I so enjoyed this documentary....Five stars for quality....Cheers from Australia..

[@michaelbuteau4183]

This video was way too good to be this short. 90 minutes would have been perfect. So much better than the stuff you see on television. I applaud everybody that Produce it. Thank you very much for the great entertainment.

[@jasonkatus4853]

Just love your channel bro ❤

[@brunov958]

Amazing as always! Bravo! Thank you!

[@ragn3852]

Full on documentary quality! Keep up the AMAZING work

[@Slowp0w]

Great quality production, thank you!

[@deelawton4]

Great channel

[@paulroberts7429]

How many rocks and rocks images from Mars are we going to get before water and ice is drilled and examined, 20yrs of just rocks.

[@steeveeeoo4765]

I enjoyed it…..thank you

[@wolfpackastrobiology3690]

Around 3.7 billion years ago, the Tharsis volcanoes erupted releasing huge quantities of water vapor which rained into the Noctis Labyrinthis and flowed through Valles Marineris. At the end the water flow shifted North and poured into the Northern Lowlands to form the Deuteronilus Ocean (the Chrysei Valles are huge outflow channels). The Deuteronilus Ocean persisted for another half billion years and when we look at the geological history of Earth, we see evidence of microorganisms emerging from there hydrothermal cradle and colonizing the oceans. Similarly, the shores of the ancient Martian ocean could have been teeming with life.

[@craigo8598]

Brilliant!! Thanks so much Kosmo.

[@LEOFADS]

All of hour video are awesome

[@hugodesrosiers-plaisance3156]

Candy for the eye, food for the brain. Wonderful material. I wrote an extensive school project about Mars many years ago. Thank you all for your hard work.

[@LH27107]

He's finally back

[@crispen-cl8gq]

Wonderful.

[@thekingofmojacar5333]

Very nice lecture and video, thanks a lot Kosmo! I'm a big fan of Mars, I look at the surface of Mars almost every day (with Google Earth Pro + magnifying glasses + Hirise photos). I believe our red neighbor still holds MANY SECRETS and SURPRISES. I noticed some pretty strange traces that clearly show that some kind of independent life existed there a long, long time ago! I can even imagine an ancient Mars civilization there, but of course it's not enough to prove it scientifically (unfortunately), because the habitable time of Mars was simply too long ago. I'm also pretty sure life on Mars had an abrupt and not so pleasant end... Be that as it may, even without discoveries it's a lot of fun to research there, Mars is a wonderful geological museum...

[@forrestwhichard2862]

I think you are on the right track. The odds are more in favor of your hypothesis than it is against it.

[@user-fy6ck9di1f]

Thanks too much for sharing this research and survey since million of era's past,

[@jus10lewissr]

Of all the places on Mars that I'd love to see explored, Valles Marineris is by far my top choice. I would love for us to figure out how to set a rover -- or rovers -- down in there along with a couple helicopters like Ingenuity. Honestly, even if it were just some sort of stationary hub -- instead of a moving rover -- placed in the bottom of the canyon that was linked to helicopters doing all of the actual exploring, I'd be just as happy.

[@davidflitcroft7101]

Ahh, Valles Marineris! You and C.S. Lewis. I believe that he had it full of water in "Out of the Silent Planet," which made for good sci-fy. My favorite region is the Hellas Basin, or [once] the "Hellas Planitia." This is where they should try altering the atmosphere, as it would be contained.

[@jacquesmolay3676]

very very nice. Wich soft u used to make the animations/build planets etc? Thnx

[@liquidluck1]

You are fantastic! I love your work Kosmo. Keep it up!

[@Curiouscosmosman]

Finally wait is over 🙌

[@FlyingOfficer]

Pure quality... not just the animations but the content as well. You have used words precisely in a way that the dramatic moments capture attention, however they don't delve away from scientific accuracy I do have one query (not criticism), in rhe primitive mars which is filled with water, why does the surface look red, while the oxidation is yet to happen which would turn it red at a much later point???

[@AccessUnknown]

This video was fascinating! I already knew about Mars' ancient water, but it was amazing to see the geographical features that are still present today, like the Valles Marineris canyon system and the Hellas Planitia basin. It really makes you think about what the planet might have been like billions of years ago. I'm also curious about the future of Mars exploration - what do you think the chances are of us finding evidence of ancient life there?

[@user-dj1bq7dq7j]

This is absolutely profound... I knew there had to be something to do with the magnetosphere to be the cause of Mars going completely barren, I'm glad they are scientists that back this theory.

[@marie-louisesoderstrrom388]

Great 👍👍

[@misspanama91]

Amazing content! Please never stop!

[@Knaeben]

Eventually, Earth will cool and its atmosphere will blow away and it will be like Mars. If only we could see pictures of it from the future.

[@TheRealTodd_Howard]

In the year 2148, explorers on mars discovered the remains of an ancient spacefaring civilization. In the decades that followed, these artifacts revealed startling new technologies, enabling travel to the furthest stars. They called in the greatest discovery in human history. The civilizations called it………… THE MASS EFFECT

[@tazalitaylor4056]

Truly Fantastic Thank You !!🍀🚀

[@Joescuderia]

Good shit.

[@jkdbuck7670]

10:31 The Rock Nest Monster. I gave it tree fiddy

[@Enkaptaton]

I saw the thumbnail and hoped so much that this s not an AI channel. Good job! (For the video and for not being AI Hahaha)

[@Enkaptaton]

10:20 "Peace Vallis, meaning valley of peace" , ok in written form this makes sense but when I listend to it it sounded like Peace Valley, meaning valley of peace. lol. For a moment I thought to have uncovered the AI text. Maybe I am getting paranoid.

[@youngrider9458]

@@Enkaptatonthere are weird pronunciations and how sentences or spoken, I’m still on the fence Edit: just heard a bit which deffo confirms it

[@youngrider9458]

3:42

[@randymcturnan2520]

Excellent documentary. The existence of sedimentary rock formations in certain areas of Mars prove that water once flowed on the planet, and ancient river channels on the planet. From what I've read Mars may have been a second earth long before life emerged on this planet.

[@EdmundJohnson]

Phenomenal video! Thank you Kosmo

[@Hairihamzah-sk3my]

Waw.. amazing discover..🌪️⚡⛈️bosan dgn cerita perang hari-hari perang.. bukan boleh kenyang pun..

[@margiegallardo8427]

This channel gives me shorts vid to edit space videos

[@PigHumanoid]

Wow Valles Marineris is longer across than the United States!

[@JafoTHEgreat]

We've visited other plantets, moons multiple asteroids, landed on comets, left our solar system, peered back in time 14 bln years ago and seen objects in deep space that have never been seen. And to think, in 1879 the light bulb was created.

[@Ajit3789]

Good story to tell your grand children.

[@KenoKere]

Nice easter egg @5:34 with that human face :D

[@majinvegeta9280]

Great job. Really enjoyed the vid and it was all put together very well in my opinion.

[@Jane-nc2fr]

This program is off the charts in excellence. Thank you.

[@karibasavaswamykaribasavas8410]

thanks...

[@petertuckergoettler5720]

"Astronomy & Science," I Love, merci. * "Good Stuff."

[@Valentina12121973]

I'm learning English. This voice is excellent!

[@renealbrechtsen9743]

One thing I always find weird when Mars is depicted with water, there's never anything green on the planet. If it actually had vast oceans and rivers, then surely there would have been much fertile soil too.

[@Klyis]

The presence of liquid water does not mean that terrestrial plant life existed at any point in Mars' history. Terrestrial plants did not even evolve on Earth until several hundred million years ago. So for billions of years our land would have looked just as barren and dead as depicted here even though life was well established in the oceans. It is highly unlikely that Mars had any form of life capable of establishing itself on land that early if it had life at all.

[@emfuentes27]

Amazing videos. Keep making them please. Thanks

[@GuitarandMusicInstitute]

Nice to hear that Julian Clary is still getting work.

[@stevepartridge2959]

Excellent production.

[@MikeGrant-zt7uo]

Loving it along with my sunday breakfast

[@okantichrist]

Nice to hear Lloyd Grossman again 🤣

[@johnkeviljr9625]

Great video!!! No substantial moon to keep the core hot and electromagnetic shield in place. Too bad.

[@NeveroOn]

Music at the beginning from the ps2 game shadow of rome?

[@anonymousperson8487]

A little like this and a little like that but basically the same way it is today, rocks & dirt

[@tommyoerding5194]

This is amazing

[@RamboHikes]

Welcome back. I miss these episodes.

[@Kevinb1821]

It would be amazing if one day we could dig into the surface of mars but even then it would take a miracle to dig in the right spot to maybe even find fossils

[@AreHan1991]

Beautifully made. Thank you!

[@livepege8409]

Cool! Thank you!

[@oobrocks]

Dear Kosmo: just keep releasing docs and you’ll get to a million subscribers: ❤

[@Jaem-ml4lx]

It would be awesome if there were animals on Mars back then.

[@exert2020]

This is great! ❤

[@anirudh671]

seems like melodysheep got competition lol

[@wizardchairman3691]

I am watching it again with my grand-kids

[@thepaleceltic7137]

amazing quality!!!

[@wasakawakawaka2028]

Very cool video! Thanks!

[@ALIKN1-1]

My dear that was before the war of the seraph and his armadas against the hordes of evil

[@davidflitcroft7101]

A truly wonderful video. Perhaps the best produced to date of another planet. I'm subscribed! Did you know that "Mt. Sharp" was originally named "Aeolus Mons"? Meaning the "mountain of the winds" this is most appropo, as local winds had to contribute to this mountain's height and characteristics. It's too beautiful a name to forget, imo. Thank you for spending time and resources on the Hellas Depression, too. It is very underestimated as the best spot for a colony. Atmosphere can be modified there, and it being heavier air than the surrounds, will not likely escape. Cheers!

[@user-fy6ck9di1f]

❤ thanks 👍 for massage.

[@andreataylor7135]

I must say, I really do love the speaker/ narrators voice, easily understood, precise, calming voice. Would be great as a narrator in nature shows etc. Please keep up your great work, very informative and very clear. Thank you so much for your amazing works.

[@ZmannR2]

It’s AI

[@tomtateson8660]

Very informative thanks

[@mallorygurecki983]

I adore it.

[@eastafrica1020]

Excellent work.

[@rdeh1678]

My question was there life on Mars when the first human civilization was around looking into the stars was there life looking back

[@tempustempus9073]

I volunteered to go to Mars 23 times

[@nightjokerrz]

Holy mars

[@kevinrichards1539]

7:12 looks like the canyon lands in UT.

[@ahmadsantoso9712]

This is why we now have Bruno Mars. After the oxygen on Mars disappeared into space, Bruno could no longer sing there, so he moved to Earth to keep his career going.

[@NonBinary_Star]

OMG ... I put my headphones on to listen / watch this video 🤯... its soo good! I would go to the theater to watch these videos!

[@_Dimitris]

Nice video for Barsoom !

[@javiergudino9253]

I understand our system of Sun and planets is four billion years young to be consistent with a vital planet "several billion years" in the past