What Do These Algae Do With Four Genomes?

[@johnsmiff8328]

Multiple membrane-separated genomes in one cell... sounds like an amazing opportunity to have synthetic gene circuits that are not only orthogonal by binding specificity, but that could also be made orthogonal via subcellular localization. Hopefully one day endosymbiosis can be characterized well enough that we can engineer endosymbiosis for complex biosensing!

[@ChromaticFlare]

If I was able to analyze this right, this guy is basically saying that endosymbionts can be used to contain and maintain sensory proteins within microbes, allowing them to be integrated into sensors that help us detect certain compounds. It’s an interesting topic. However, dude, if you’re gonna talk about this kind of stuff outside of a research setting, pls use words the lay person can understand. This just confuses ppl.

[@prapanthebachelorette6803]

I think this is an interesting idea to research further

[@johnsmiff8328]

@prapanthebachelorette6803 yeah it's just unfortunate that it'll probably be a while before we can easily manipulate the endosymbiont genomes. Normal chloroplast transformation is already a pain...

[@someguy782]

my name is noodle

[@codydwyerify]

"Hey girl, what you doin with all that Genome???"

[@riskofror2]

I'd love to see an episode on Placozoa, the simplest of animals

[@benrodir2]

my favorite channel by far!

[@lapisliozuli4861]

I read the paper of 7 genomes a few months ago so it’s good to see that we’re reading some of the same literature.

[@amiralozse1781]

God: "How many genoms do you want?" Cryptomonad: "YES!"

[@jankrizkovsky9446]

Oh... I have seen that name in strain designations while reading papers for school, it is great to hear the story behind.

[@unvergebeneid]

I mean, we all have two genomes and we don't even photosynthesise. So three is normal, four I let slide as a personal quirk. Seven, however, seems a bit excessive. Leave some genomes for the rest of us, will ya?

[@KissyKat]

Definitely one of my favorite microcosm videos❤

[@UpstateAlgaeLaboratory]

Im writing a book about the evolution of the various algae groups and their connections through endosymbiosis (well, and other things) would I have permission with proper credit, to use screenshots of your videos as images. You guys have such better quality imagery than most of whats out there.

[@Fruitcupper]

His life and legacy lives beyond himself. We can all be inspired to the futures of our own legacies. Great video, amazing history!

[@sorin.n]

Having having 4 genomes made me think that thse must be some tough organisms that would survive depending on the environment conditions (e.g. when food is scarce they would just "chill" and photosinthesise). 😊

[@MarinusMakesStuff]

Interesting! I was thinking of it as a safety mechanism to help with reproduction if too many algae with the same genome were found in a group and to prevent ending up with typical inbreeding defects

[@sciencenerd7639]

Thank you, I have been wanting to learn more about nucleomorphs and secondary endosymbiosis. Also, I have long wondered why people don't talk more about non-photosynthetic plastids. Fascinating stuff.

[@demonac]

AKA "How the Cryptomonas got it's Groove Back"

[@DataSoong101]

Algae cultures are an incredible legacy to leave! I love this channel.

[@KimiPersonal]

Calm soothing Hank! This is so fascinating! I love learning about microcosms!

[@napoleonfeanor]

I wish I had the opportunity and ability to study biology. ADHD and (back then much worse) clinical depression as well as the way you can select classes made it impossible for me. It wasn't possible to combine one social science with one natural one. Much later, I was told that I could have applied for an exception...

[@thelakeman2538]

I would've thought it was some sorta horizontal gene transfer mechanism. Also never knew Pringsheim had such a story, I only knew his name because of the medium used to grow cyanobacteria named after him which I had to use in a couple of my soil microbiology classes.

[@margohartley489]

Recently binged a book on some microbes. James’s footage never gets old. Love seeing them irl ❤️

[@KLarsLohn]

The music in the first 2:30 makes the voiceover almost unintelligible to my hearing impaired ears. The rest of the video, the background is loud, but not as disruptive.

[@MarinusMakesStuff]

It almost sounds as if the red algae was smart enough to let itself being eaten like a parasite and embedded its genome into the green algae purposefully!

[@LimeyLassen]

Really blurs the lines between cells and viruses if a cellular organism can "reproduce" by inserting its genome into another species.

[@objective_psychology]

You're basically describing how endosymbiosis works. It's not just a failed consumption event (like how it's traditionally described in the context of proto-eukaryote evolution); it's a relationship that is beneficial in at least some niche way to both parties. But the genes that get lost in the process don't “want” to cease existing; the process just favors some gene combinations over others.

[@XxThunderflamexX]

Keep in mind that, while microbes have often complex behaviors, you need a bit more biological complexity for rational, long-term decision-making. Endosymbiosis was most likely an accident that just happened to be beneficial for both parties.

[@hhwippedcream]

​​@@objective_psychologythat is fascinating! It almost seems like these critters, having survived multiple extinction events, have evolved in a way as to transcend sexual reproduction in favor of persistent existence of their genotype in various organisms. As opposed to highly promiscuous reproductive strategies this organism has evolved to persist even within the "genosystem" of other organisms. Could the red algae come into biological existence again (assuming it's independent form of existence is dashed from the earth) given the survival of its genome within another organism.

[@UniDocs_Mahapushpa_Cyavana]

Unless, they are single soul (1 soul/species). Then they have enough cells (and time) for doing rational, long-term decision-making. They are just spread out all over the place. @@XxThunderflamexX

[@laverami]

Fascinating life forms and a fascinating story. Thank you.

[@betula-pendula]

Perhaps the first endosymbiotic were parasites? The protect themselves of being digested. And long times later they changed from parasite activity to symbiotic?

[@UniDocs_Mahapushpa_Cyavana]

The closest relatives of mitochondria are parasitic.

[@irfanahmad8093]

Hi, is there app that allows me to identify pond microbes or microbes in rain water? A app that only tell name of the microbes will also work, so is there app like that?

[@Conus426]

Woah awesome!

[@wmdkitty]

Uh. Whoa. Why so fast in this video? The music is okay, it's just not, you know, the calming Microcosmos music.

[@Huxya]

Somebody: We only have material for the clip about "Russian doll"-style endosymbiosis, but the budget is for the lecture about Antisemitism. There is nothing we can do here. Hank: Hold My Beer...

[@canis2020]

The question isn't why they have four but why not? It's super fun and easy to read!

[@MamitaClaud]

Algea is in demand for human food additives and nutritional supplements. There is also the animal grade feed additives that many livestock farms rely on animal instestinal health and also to activate the immune system. Algaculture is all over Southeast Asia. So when you eat yoghurt, processed food, oils, starbucks coffee, chocolate, etc. (google is a friend) 😜, these all have algea! One of my favorite eukaryotes. You have to watch the video WHY they are an awesome food source.

[@darksidegryphon5393]

I see Pringsheim was a man of culture.

[@Yezpahr]

All that intricate symbiosis between the algae and other microbes almost feels like an answer to the fermi paradox. So much random chance had to happen that maybe doesn't even happen on other planets, life is intertwined in so many ways that abiogenesis isn't even the weirdest of it all.

[@osmia]

Recursive chaos

[@YoshiThe1]

Hello, nice vid. I want to criticize the choice of music: i feel its to active/action, not fitting the calm vibe of the video

[@ESJAW]

i thought the title said:Four Gnomes" and got really excited

[@aidantimmonsDreamOfSahul]

Absolutely wicked stuff mane😂😂

[@yoimmablob]

What the hell. Save some for the rest of us

[@EggBastion]

I can't fight this BGM level it's too high

[@lauram9478]

❤ thanks Hank!!

[@kiro9291]

0:59 look at em GO

[@velvetmagnetta3074]

What an incredible creature! And discovered and studied by a deeply dedicated Jewish scientist with an incredible story of his own! Wow. Thank you, Hank & crew!

[@markrix]

I always wonder, are these clips real time or sped up? If not those little guys MOVE

[@hhwippedcream]

Is this an example of horizontal genetic transfer?

[@ChuckNorris100000]

Is it like mitochondria dna in human? Sorry typed it before finishing the video.

[@ResortDog]

What percentage do you slow down the audio for this effect?

[@lynnrandal317]

Hello I love your videos and I have a question because its close to Thanksgiving I was wondering if you can do a timelapse of microorganisms eating thier food 😊😅😂

[@skiptoacceptancemdarlin]

this shit borders on spiritual

[@helmutzollner5496]

Amazing.

[@billsherman6129]

The music was a bit too distracting in this Journey. A bit too loud. Beat was too string. Wasn't as relaxing as usual. Otherwise, as wonderful as ever!

[@kailawkamo1568]

The background music makes me want to twerk like tardigrade for some reason

[@violaanderson175]

Please, dont let Hank Green in my safe place😢

[@DracarmenWinterspring]

misread title as "What do these algae do with our genomes"? and got really curious :P

[@the2nd965]

Yoo nice thumbnail

[@stevenkarnisky411]

No matter how great the evil, good finds a way to survive. Much is lost, but not everything, no matter how terrible the intent.

[@Nandeadstudios]

I was not expecting to hear Hitlers name in his video

[@robingayle68]

I find myself wondering why we humans don't have multiple genomes...

[@kevandeg]

Algaes Georg !!???!

[@angelorf]

This channel used to be a lot more relaxed. Talking pace has really increased. Please return to the note relaxed experience. I need this to get to sleep.

[@erikakrause3044]

Anyone else finding this music really stressful?

[@wadilsono]

Parece um romance russo, com tantos personagens. No terceiro personagem eu já me perdi...

[@GillAndBurtTheCop]

Why conflate the presence of plastid to a pigeonhole hole of endosymbiosis? Why assume?

[@kellydalstok8900]

So these algae are like Russian dolls.

[@brendakrieger7000]

OMG,I totally read the title wrong. I thought it said Fur genomes🙄 Lol,my bad😹

[@ryanlancer86]

only disappointment: the background music ruins the beautiful narration. Earlier videos have music that sort of compliments narration but here it sounds like noise.

[@c0smic959]

gah damn

[@danieldeelite]

what them genomes do?

[@odd1363]

The music, yeah, nah

[@valerieouellet7725]

❤❤❤

[@DrSpooglemon]

That music needs to go.

[@sorin.n]

One may say it has quadruple personality 😅

[@maracachucho8701]

Geneception

[@kelly-bo-belly]

0:43 I’m not sure if it’s the high volume of the background music or the tempo and the beat, but it seriously makes my brain hurt. I have a neurological disease. Maybe it’s fine for other people, but I literally CANNOT watch the video because of this. 😞

[@Bc232klm]

First!

[@VEE727]

Sounds like a software developed by a newbie. Horribly complex but somehow working. DON'T TOUCH ANYTHING!

[@degariuslozak2169]

4th comment♥

[@christianwitness]

😂 fantasy

[@Ferdinand208]

Too bad about the aggressive background music. It is like giving a lecture in a disco. Have to skip this episode.

[@Hans-ChristianSchwartz]

music not to my taste and much too loud. stopped watching after 2 mins.

[@sava-smth]

Very useful feedback bro 🙂

[@agni_oh]

Lmfaoo

[@UpTheFoodChain]

Video felt it was going too fast. Like there was no pauses or breaks to take in this blast of infomation. I'm glad I'm not the only one who noticed the editing from their usual videos was a bit off

[@EggBastion]

I didn't make it past a minute 14

[@kelly-bo-belly]

Stopped at ~45 seconds.

[@tomholroyd7519]

The music is OK. It's the antisemitism we won't comment on. If I grew up in an environment like that ... BUT OF COURSE that would be impossible, today hahahah

[@thatguytroy2552]

I mostly watch your vids sped up and this episode sped up has a music score I die for 🫠🫠🫠🔥🔥🔥