What Happened Before the Big Bang?

[@x1expert1x]

I literally can't believe that PBS actually is funding something this in-detail. I used to watch PBS as a kid all the time, it's what got me interested in science and why I went into STEM. I love you guys so much, you are doing a huge service to humanity, inspiring multiple generations to have an interest in sciences which will make this world better for everyone. Thank you so much for the endless joy you've brought us :') You have no idea how much it means to me

[@nicholaslupo4231]

stema.. Art is just as important. Hence dear moon.

[@megsinzoa7424]

@@nicholaslupo4231 arts only purpose is launder money, oh and making morons feel smug. Fuck art.

[@proteinbagel1084]

meg sinzoa "Imagination is more important than knowledge. For knowledge is limited, whereas imagination embraces the entire world, stimulating progress, giving birth to evolution."- Albert Einstein

[@megsinzoa7424]

@@proteinbagel1084 yeah, albert said some dumb shit sometimes. Wisdom requires both knowledge and understanding, if humans just gave up at art and feelings instead of doing something usefull we would not have evolved past the stone age, buddy.

[@DavidBruno]

When I was a kid PBS was all about North American bears, African lions with some Jacques Cousteau and Carl Sagan mixed in - I couldn't believe my eyes when I re-discovered this level of content in 2018

[@sanjeebbharadwaj103]

I watch an episode when I start feeling too smart... Always brings back me to reality...

[@zombieSlayer-kn2rk]

Same

[@theotherone5214]

It's the opposite for me. When watching an episode, I realize that even the smartest people in the world have absolutely no idea what they are talking about. But keep working on ideas, and one day we may actually know something.

[@cavemanlovesmoke4394]

@@theotherone5214 ... lol okay...

[@axeman2638]

did you ever stop to consider that the reason it doesn't make any sense to you is because there's no sense there to find and that the whole idea is baseless nonsense?

[@KL_Stereo]

@@axeman2638 You really served the entire scientific community, great job bro

[@dman4249]

Yesterday I looked at my dog in pity. Unable to comprehend television....he deserves an extra treat today

[@matthewbrown8111]

😹

[@ASLUHLUHC3]

With all these people saying they didn't understand anything, I'd just like to say that I really appreciate your level of depth. This channel has some of the best pop-sci explanations of theoretical physics and cosmology out there. Thank you so much Matt (and anyone else involved)!

[@ASLUHLUHC3]

Admittedly, I did have to watch parts of this at 0.75 speed lol

[@Shirokroete]

I wouldn't even call them pop science. They are educational and I have had classes less deep than these videos.

[@theobolt250]

Also it is interesting to observe how people who do not have enough scientific knowledge, or lack in level of understanding for this, react to this. I admit, sometimes it's over my head but still it succeeds in irritating me. Because it sounds like nonsense to my ears, although it is just something I do not understand or not fully. But mostly it leaves me with more questions. Questions that most of the time reflect my lack of knowledge. But every now and then... sometimes even I have a clear idea that some things do not add up. Because everyone at that point only can wonder about what it really is what we are looking at.

[@mauramcferran2612]

I understand its a Guessing Game No one Realy knows 🤣

[@tahah.babikir7698]

You’re welcome.. I’m involved too.. Intry to inspire Mat to bring you the best content by liking and commenting..

[@richardkurr4977]

Sometimes I watch these videos and realize: “so this is what it feels not to understand English “

[@JJJJJ405]

you spoke my heart! I hope PBS replaces him!

[@basemherzallah8852]

God almighty said ( O assembly of the jinn and the men! If you are able to pass through the regions of the heavens and the earth, then pass through; you cannot pass through but with authority ). [ chapter 55 : verse 33 ] One of a lot of verses from holy Quran emphasize the fact that there is one God who created the all world .. Our lord told us by his words in Quran from his massenger that humans will go to sky .. If you want to know truth of life read Quran you will find the truth .

Richard Kurr ...it's not your fault, this guy just has a bad accent

[@josephfish3353]

@ I understand that reference

[@jamespoff8632]

It's pretty simple what he is trying to explain is something I'll never understand... lol

[@michealbarrow8574]

Honestly your channel has changed my life. I don't have money to go to college but everything watch your videos it just fulfills me. Leads me down fun rabbit holes of mathematics and the strange aspects of the universe we live in.

[@FunnyPrankLaughs]

Join the military, even part time, for free college so you can go study every bit of astrophysics and mathematics to your hearts content!

[@eatshitlarrypage.3319]

@@FunnyPrankLaughs Yes, kill the nonwhites and steal their oil. It's the american way!

[@jimgorlett4269]

you could try buying or otherwise acquiring some textbooks and working through them. that's what you'd end up doing in college anyways

[@AmpDecay]

who gets totally confused half way through but just keeps watching anyway?

[@Melinmingle]

Every fucken video

[@Deeplycloseted435]

Space Time, at least most episodes, left me in the dust long ago.....but I keep watching.

[@nmccw3245]

Most of us.

[@TheCimbrianBull]

Someone: "What was the video about?" Me: "Ungga bungga wugga!" (grunting like a caveman)

[@Monte80]

Not really. Confused from the first minute.

[@LouigiVerona]

I feel these videos are a really convoluted way of saying "we just don't know, although a couple of physicists have some good ideas"

[@paulgilbert2506]

Nope. Its "we dont know, although some physicists have some good ideas, and here is the explanation of those ideas". See the difference?

[@LouigiVerona]

@@paulgilbert2506 What I'm trying to say is that PBS Space Time videos always leave me knowing pretty much in the same spot as I was when I began watching them. And this is not true about many other popular science videos. I am not a fan of writing on these videos.

[@rovidius2006]

The energy released by a unknown process mast be originated from a external source hence the idea of multiple universes ,the urge to escape earth velocity is palpable .

[@JohnDoe-dj3lw]

@@LouigiVerona pathetic comment

[@LouigiVerona]

@@JohnDoe-dj3lw Thank you, John. Yours is much better.

[@abz998]

Love the fact that PBS is covering ground breaking theoretical research in somewhat comprehendible human. Support them if you can.

[@rawbebaba]

I mean honestly if you watch and dive into a lot of the general relativity videos, a lot of the things they've talked about since become much more easy to grasp. Mind you I had to watch that play list several times to "get" them but it really does help

[@SirHefferlot581]

1. Question in my head: "What Happened Before the Big Bang?" 2. Watching this video. 3. Don't understand anything. 4. Tell myself to stop asking questions that have too complicated answers.

[@robertnorris5669]

It's probably not that complicated I believe theUniverse was Pure Energy somehow energy formed a loop and just as RNA creates DNA and vice versa 1 Loop creates an opposite Loop these loops formed geodesic forms somehow gravity came to be causing all these loops crashing into the center of the universe they exploded out creating all the fundamental particles that we now know and love so much

[@georgemarksity1441]

@@robertnorris5669 huh?

[@statichackx]

Thing is, for something to "happen" requires some finite length of time. But before the big bang there was no time. This also raises the question...how did the bang even happen if there was no time before it, only after it?

[@mohamedrekik5041]

That's why i just believe God initiated the big bang

[@ryana150yearsago9]

Robert Benton just no Mr.Imawannabescientistandhavenoodeawhatimtalkingabout

[@Frangishk]

Me: watches this video Also me: can’t understand the cooking instructions on the pogo box

[@numnut1516]

conacal rubdur that’s the joke

[@numnut1516]

conacal rubdur you not understanding the joke, meme, and meme format is not my problem boomer.

[@iSwanqa]

Franco Del Balso dumbass!

[@Yoda9cat]

Me: What's a pogo box?

[@basemherzallah8852]

God almighty said ( O assembly of the jinn and the men! If you are able to pass through the regions of the heavens and the earth, then pass through; you cannot pass through but with authority ). [ chapter 55 : verse 33 ] One of a lot of verses from holy Quran emphasize the fact that there is one God who created the all world .. Our lord told us by his words in Quran from his massenger that humans will go to sky .. If you want to know truth of life read Quran you will find the truth .

[@TheZAPcon]

just getting back into this channel. i remember getting upset 3 or 4 years ago when i saw gabe was getting replaced, and now i'll be devastated if matt ever has to go! really doing an awesome job! thanks for all the knowledge (even if it doesn't ever fully sink in!)

[@stanman260]

The visual explanations are amazing and something a textbook can never bring.

[@asdasdasdasd8970]

I love Spacetime. Best channel covering cosmology and particle physics. All other documentries on YT are just crap.

[@lrm9298]

Sadly I wish this would change. We need to re-platform academics, education and research. Colleges are only doing so much these days to cultivate society.

[@neilmcdonald7824]

I’m hoping if i watch enough of these videos I’ll understand what he’s talking about

[@drvillain96]

Neil McDonald No you will not.

[@fivish]

he knows it mathematical nonsense

[@kellywhite174]

My covid vacay goal was to understand string theory, Big Bang, Black holes.... I accomplished nothing. 🥴

[@jstar3284]

I was lost in space here

[@chuckitaway466]

U have to start at a more basic level. Its just pieces

[@cozzoli39]

I feel like I'm in the classroom with Charlie Brown listening to the teacher

[@newlove4716]

Womp

[@mauramcferran2612]

And the Teacher doesn't even really know the Answer either 😁🤣

[@yogoo0]

Props to the background artists. I just noticed the parallaxing on the stars in the background when the camera moves. Not easy to do that with a constantly changing background

[@user-rs4ci3fn2d]

I have a degree in physics and chemistry, he lost me.

[@rubiks6]

You're not alone. It is rather hard to convey nonsense so that people can understand it.

[@dillonbutler2004]

Based, the quality of holding true to one's beliefs, to have a strong constitution, to trust one's own judgement without fear of persecution.

[@jsharp9735]

That's because because physics and chemistry in cosmology has been replaced with 95% hypothetical abstract mathematics that cant be feed back into the real world. You can do anything when you divide by zero.

[@chaoticneutral8040]

You have a degree in physics... AND chemistry... and you can’t follow along. Uhhhh

[@user-rs4ci3fn2d]

@@chaoticneutral8040 I'm pretty sure that's what I said. Are you one of those who like to state the obvious or something?

[@AlexanderEVtrainer]

9:48 "Admittedly this raises a few questions." Bro... you have no idea...

[@squirrels24seven]

He said it wierd

[@tomasouzaheuert]

I love not only understanding his videos but also noticing the inner jokes and sarcasms he throws all around in such a subtle way The way these videos are produced is absolutely fantastic and extraordinary

[@lannys8660]

You, sir, are insufferable.

[@jjkthebest]

This show never fails to thoroughly blow my mind.

[@kostasgeorgiou2417]

This channel is one of the main reasons I want to research in astrophysics as a machine learning student

[@chimpychompy3028]

i study psychology and heck i wanna study this now haha

[@FullModernAlchemist]

I absolutely love the slow roll inflation theory. There's something profoundly comforting in the sentiment that nothing ever really ends in that model of the universe. Yes it still implies that this particular bubble will expand forever and eventually succumb to heat death, but that won't be the end of everything for everyone.

[@kension333]

I think a more fun question is, what is on the other side of the universes expansion? We know it's expanding. But, expanding into what exactly?

[@robertmyers6865]

It is expanding INTO what I call "Nondimentional Space."

[@siegfriedwinkler8554]

@@robertmyers6865 Sorry but that does not exist

[@friendlyreminder3280]

It doesn’t expand ”into” anything

[@sisyphusvasilias3943]

Best use of "Cool story Bro" ever! It fits the script but is also THE coolest story.

[@nutsackvlogz8892]

@fynes leigh Wow bro you sure are cool I bet you get all the ladies

[@zilvoxidgod]

I love the idea of other universes, not the cinematic "parallel universe" idea but just the general acknowledgement that we're just not that unique. There's always another planet, galaxy, cluster, and now universe. And there's other life on other planets, even if it's not intelligent.

[@jettmthebluedragon]

Just Beacuse it seems possible does not mean it is 😐once you die your dead in this world but that does not mean you won’t be dead forever depending the chances of this planet forming is how long we will be dead or in this case sleeping 😐yes death is nothing but just going into a so called endless sleep 😑and all of us were all ready dead before we came into this world for who knows how dam long 😑1 trillion years ? One septillion years one goggle years I have no idea 😓it’s not the fact this planet will never form again Because even thought the odds are small😐 it’s not impossible for this planet to happen again the odds of this planet forming depends if the universe is finite or not 😐if the universe is infinite that means the chances of this planet will happen again but it’s so ridiculously small 😑and if the universe is finite the odds of this planet forming are grater but like all things if the universe is finite you still need a cause and effect on what created the universe to begin with 😑 eventually you say how did the universe came to be how did stars an planets came to be how did galaxy’s came to be how did atoms came to be how did electrons came to be ? How did quarks came to be? How did quarks came into being ?😑you see everything in natire has a cause and effect even the Big Bang singularity if you say their was no time no space before the Big Bang it means 1 the Big Bang did not ever happen or 2 your missing the cause and effect their is no way around it 😑

[@winstonknowitall4181]

Don't let him out again! We need these Space Time episodes.

[@YourBeingParanoid]

Why doesn't the sun have an equatorial bulge???

[@luckiano]

Adapt, survive. Spacetime thigs.

[@codyramseur]

@@YourBeingParanoid google rotation speed of the sun. It rotates slower than Earth and since it isn't as rigid as Earth, different physics are at play. That's what I can rationalize based on my limited understanding.

[@Deipnosophist_the_Gastronomer]

It's wrong to keep him trapped!

[@winstonknowitall4181]

@@Deipnosophist_the_Gastronomer It's for the greater good.

[@aleksandarmarkovic1013]

I understood 10% of everything he said. I still watched to the end for some reason :)

[@bane4743]

You should rewatch the video and do some research. Astrophysics is amazing.

[@thunderbolt1359]

The reason is you have no life 😅.

[@radwoodhaven]

If you're at 10%, consider yourself fortunate.

[@andrewmiller9029]

Been waiting 2 years for this video. Thanks so much for finally presenting the topic. This channel is the best! Seen every episode twice. Thanks.

[@40MileDesertRat]

Universally low interest rates are the prime cause of inflation.

[@j.s.7335]

Ooh, I'm an economist. This I understand!

[@matthewtheobald1231]

When you think you understand anything Space Time: "hold my beer"

[@benhager2559]

I know it's an old post, thought I would chime in still. First let me say I absolutely love this channel. Its absolutely great. Thank you for the excellent topics, the involvement of the community, and the education that you bring. I'm a huge amateur theoretical physicist fan, who just teases my own mind at times. To the topic. We know in thermodynamics, that an energy system cannot be reduced to a zero value. That is to say, the total energy in the universe, is no different today, than after than the most precision measure of time just after the big bang. And the total energy of the universe will remain unchanged throughout time. Energy is constant. Well never add to it, or remove from it. We can all agree on this. However in theory, it would seem, and physics does reflect this, that both space and time are either products of the big bang, or an emergent property. This is interesting to me, as energy seems so exotic in nature, that if you could rewind the universe to " before the big bang" I can make a sound and educated argument, that there was no space or time. In other words, since you cant destroy energy, since it is constant, then it must remain constant, and present, even if there is no space time dimension. In other words, energy can exist outside space time. So I think it's safe to say. That before the big bang there was energy, in a zero time zero space environment. In other words, there must exist an environment, outside space time, not definable by space time terms, yet still a very real environment. Now I'm going to ask questions, and let the universe provide the answers. What does energy do, in zero space,.zero time? To answer that question, we must observe what energy did within space time. One feature, is self organizing systems. The universe is in business of management, and its managing massive levels of energy. If space time was either a product of the big bang, or an emergent property, it still has its roots planted in the energy it came from. Unless u believe that space time is free, and it came at no cost to that original energy the universe started from. That makes no sense in physics, as to say something comes about for free. There must be a cost, to space time. I'm sure some of the universes missing energy, will not completely be found in dark matter, but rather the missing energy lies in a formula, converting energy into space time. Then its constant. So back to my question, what does energy do in zero space, zero time. Observing what it did in space time, it organized into galaxy clusters, star systems, black holes, nebulae, planets, gas clouds etc etc. Let's look deeper. This energy also self organized into life. It self organized into conscious beings. Stay with me please. So let's apply this self organizing feature, for all we know, to zero space , zero time. If , self organization is a property of energy, than energy in zero space zero time, must have also self organized. However, follow me here, it did not have to follow a time line, or spacial restriction. In other words, energy could have self organized into the most complex patterns imaginable, and beyond, instantly in zero time. It would have exhausted its entropy, literally instantaneously, not over a time line. Since were observing this energy, now exposed to a time line, and spacial information, and we know that consciousness emerges somehow, beyond our understanding, then let's assume for a moment, that energy in zero time may have done something similar. That is to say, energy, before the big bang, could have become infinitely complex instantly, and a part of that infinite complexity, would have included consciousness, as it has emerged within space time. In quantum mechanics, making a measurement collapses a wave function. So , I'm imagining, that pre big bang, the energy becomes so complex, infinitely complex, and just as here, consciousness emerges, you cant really say it happened at any specific moment, since time did not exist. ( I realize that for evolutionary systems to occur, there must be time) however, I'm not actually saying that pre big bang, any evolution occurs, I'm saying the energy was already in it's most infinitely complex state, not requiring evolution. Its tough to imagine but stay with me. I mean our minds are not equipped to see outside space time. Our imagination is our best and only tool here let's use it. Soo, that primordial energy before the big bang became self aware, in zero time, observed itself, ( I want to say it made the 1st measurement, but that requires space time so I cant really say that) so don't think in terms of 1st measurement. However, this energy became self aware, observed itself, and collapsed the infinitesimal wave function of itself, giving birth to the 1st particle, the 1st moment of time, and space. A cataclysmic event we call the big bang. Pre big bang all of it is in super position. It was both awake and not, it was both infinity complex, and infinitely disorganized, ( my imagination makes me think, that superposition is actually a zero time zero space state) where all possibilities are observed at once. Its really hard to get your mind around it, u have to think abstractly to even try understanding. After the big bang, the universe wants to assemble itself back into that infinity complex structure it started out as ( cant really say started because that infers time ) so , what I'm saying is pre big bang, the energy was already both infinitely complex, and infinitely disorganized, and both were emergent .that is to say each reality was at play. On our side, after the big bang, its trying to conserve it's own patterns it once ( cant say once that infers time...) but its trying to achieve balance with its self. Except now its exposed to a time line. It must travel this time line to get back where it started. A part of that time line must also include consciousness, since it existed pre big bang as a part of that infinitely complex structure, so in other words you could say it was destined, for consciousness to emerge in our universe, since it was already a part of that structure pre big bang. On the other side, that super positional state of the energy, pre big bang, that was infinitely disorganized, did not collapse it's own wave function, and continues to exist outside space time. There is energy there, but in such a disorganized state, that it remains that way in zero time / space. Both realities exist, but you could say the other does not matter, since nothing arises, emerges, or changes ( I know again changes infers time) , follow me here. I'm saying a part of the cosmos exists outside space time, where there is no evolution. Which contradicts what I'm saying because evolution requires time, which is what our universe did. On one side there is no evolution in zero time, and on another side, there is evolution in time. The universe had to realize both. As, both would make up, in superposition, the energy before the big bang. I think both sides are connected however, each influencing the other, which is were entropy comes to play. Ultimately, I think both universes become one, and balance each other, and they become mirror images. Which raises the question, how does the side infinitely disorganized, never evolving, become a mirror to our own universe? Well, since they are connected, they must share information with each other. The universe of infinite disorder, is sharing its influence with our own, played out in entropy. And our universe, would be sharing information with it, causing new, and organized information to become present, in other words the other universe is experiencing backward time. Our universe will evolve, into the most exotic example of disorder, entropy, and the other universe will go back in time, becoming the most amazing example of order possible. Both in harmony, one becomes the other, the other becomes the one. Both in superposition of each other. When our universe reaches it's most ultimate point of entropy, the other will reach it's most infinitely complex pattern. Which is how it all started. Then they trade places, the cycle happens again. Like an hour glass pouring from one side to the other Consciousness flips the hour glass, but not consciously, by virtue of mechanics. Both universes always connected, in zero time, zero space. In superposition with one another. Its really tough to get my thoughts out on this. My imagination takes me places I cannot put in words, its abstract. As the hour glass analogy, there must be a time when each universe is equal, equal information, space and time, then a transition happens. You would never know it happened, all your information, matter / energy would suddenly exist on the other side, like a clone. Then the other universe would go back to zero time zero space, allowing the other to evolve in space / time, until it goes so far, that it switches sides and repeats its cycle, as the hour glass turns. I've done my best to share my thoughts, please don't be to hard on me. I'm unsure if I've explained it well enough.there is alot i left out. im trying to be as fundamental as i can, i mean were talking about "before big bang" ( which i dont like since before infers time ) , and fundamentally , before the big bang, there must have been energy . so energy is whats fundamental here. not space time, not gravity, which emerges from space time. ive purposely contradicted myself, because this conversation is like a mind experiment. its the only way i know to communicate abstract thought. introducing a self induced conflict really helps my thinking, just as many mental experiments. Schrödinger's cat being one of the best.

[@neonflare7809]

Phenomenal write-up. I'm just an interested person and no expert on any sort of scientific topic whatsoever, but your hypothesis at least theoretically makes sense to me (perhaps there is a scientific property unknown to me that would defeat it, but it doesn't matter). One thing that I need to ask after all of this: if consciousness is destined to evolve as an original part of the 'instant infinite universe', wouldn't that imply that Space-time is also part of it in some way? How did the concept arise to begin with? Why would energy 'limit' itself in such a way that it requires time to form back into its mirror state? I hope I'm not making any blatantly confused statements. I seriously appreciated your comment.

[@SayAhh]

Our entire universe is just one "air molecule" exhaled or sneezed out by an immeasurably large being, which can be inhaled and re-exhaled again. 13.8 billion years to us is less than a microsecond to them. Also, Star Trek covered "anti-time." what about negative time and negative space-time?

[@danpetrovic8512]

wow!

[@paullhodgkinson]

Energy is not conserved at the level of the whole Universe, since time symmetry is broken by the expansion of spacetime. Energy conservation is a consequence of time symmetry.

[@nochjemand]

I would undoubtably Not get his April fools joke.. He could even have been making up facts for the last year while i still silently Stare and nodd

[@YourBeingParanoid]

Why doesn't the sun have an equatorial bulge???

[@seriousthree6071]

What happens when physicists go on a mind induced trip with little or no way of testing.

[@Anonarchist]

All the stuff matches whats in my textbooks, but I can't be certain my textbooks weren't written by the same reptilians that write for PBS Space Time.

[@Anonarchist]

Philosophy.

[@Cabolt44]

@@Anonarchist Are people still going on about the Reptilian Overlords?

[@philippesantini2425]

I'm halfway through and simply want to comment that I appreciate the use of speculative terminology such as "could" and "might"...it goes a long way in allowing for civil & productive discussion/debate of the hypotheses. :)

[@feras5017]

It's just a fancy way to say "we don't know so here is an imaginary explanation"

[@philippesantini2425]

@@feras5017 meh...I see it more as a well articulated & thought out possible/plausible explanation, that has yet to be scientifically fully proven, as in by way of the scientific method & peer review process. To me, the qualifier "imaginary", would be better suited to the hypotheses that have yet to have any of their tenants/speculations/assumptions be proven, or at the very least, be "in line" with our current understanding.

[@Strothy2]

3 tabs acid and Spacetime... gets you really thinking fast

[@DesertDustX]

Share??

[@Fume1337]

Dmt

[@Gam3B0y23r0]

my favorite thing in Spacetime is, when you start watching episode, and it gives you episodes you need to watch to understand this, and you start to watch that episode and it gives you playlists to watch XD.. and oon and onn.. but still. IMHO you should not be spending your acid time sitting before computer screen.. @@Fume1337 In DMT you are not "awake" for some time, then you won't be able to watch 15 minute episode..

[@Strothy2]

@ravi sanchez no use DMT, as it sais it's an acid, vapeing this shit will do nothing

[@jproffitt2192]

@ravi sanchez i believe that if you were to dip the filter in it you could trip, you might as well just get a tab tho

[@eugeniapruteanu8148]

i probably know more about space and geography than all my friends because i read soooo many articles about black holes, supernovas and stuff i watch these kind of videos about the universe and i love geography. like love it. i love learning about new countries, new animals, and about how some were formed. i love anything space-related. i am just passionated, like my mom:

[@edit4310]

Fantastic. I remember mentioning inflatons and scalar fields in a video maybe 2 or 3 years ago now (I've forgotten, been following PBS since before Matt took over) and he mentioned in the following video that he would eventually "get to that" and I held him to it. Seems today's the day. Well played, Mr O'Dowd!

[@EnlightenedWhispers]

I've been studying astrophysics since the 7th grade. I'm now 37 and this was way over my head. Lol!

[@canada3186]

Then why did u study it to get confused

[@EnlightenedWhispers]

@@canada3186 lol! No, I get a lot of it. Just not this.

[@radrook4481]

Nonsense usually is.

[@nonofyourbusiness7631]

"We dont know" is the only answer.

[@basemherzallah8852]

God almighty said (O company of jinn and mankind, if you are able to pass beyond the regions of the heavens and the earth, then pass. You will not pass except by authority [from Allah].) ( chapter 55: Verse 33) One of a lot of verses from holy Quran emphasize the fact that there is one God who created the all world .. Our lord told us by his words in Quran revealed to his massenger before 1440 years that humans will go to sky .. If you want to know truth of life read Quran you will find the truth . Quran is a book of signs not science but has a lot of science in it .. like big bang , couples of plants , how the life begining , creation of humans , expantion of the heaven and a lot of signs in different fields in science no any errors or contradictions .. Before judging you have to study and read .. no body can just say oh you are wrong based on wrong informations from media or ignorance and misunderstanding , God gave us brain, eyes, heart and ears so as to use them searching for the truth otherwise don't blame only your self in day of judgment day of acounts .

[@mubarakisonline]

Allah is the Creator of this Universe.. No doubt

[@namelezz1216]

@@basemherzallah8852 No, Muhammad, all the other religions also says the exact same thing, could you not say that a theory is the truth? Thanks.

[@basemherzallah8852]

@@namelezz1216 Islam is the only religion logical and rational without errors nor contradictions .. If somebody brings to me one error or one contradiction from 6236 verses then I swear I will leave Islam .. unlike other religions yes there are signs but there are a lot of contradictions .. Thanks for your comment.

[@JB-th9vz]

@@basemherzallah8852 what did allah create first the heavens or the earth?

[@bane4743]

Always been a hobby astrophysicist and so glad to stumble on this channel. Astronomy and astrophysics are my favorite things in the whole world.

[@ahahahhaaisyah4238]

According to the hypothesis of the evolution of the solar system, it is like a cup of hot water before evolution, and the distribution of matter and energy after evolution is regular, which indicates that hot water will eventually evolve in this way. Violation of thermodynamics and chemical properties. Due to the law of increase in entropy (degeneration), it is impossible to evolve into a massive object, so it is impossible to have gravity to give birth to the solar system. Therefore, it can only be created by God. According to the hypothesis of the evolution of the universe, when it has not yet evolved, because the universe has been expanding, the matter and energy it needs spread outward, and there is nothing to evolve, only created by God.

[@NIKN1]

Watching PBS Space Time for a long time and this is now one of my favorite episodes! Great idea, that requires and drives up a lot of imagination in different imaginative scenarios.(Had to watch it twice though :D) Thanks guys, keep it going!

[@d3g3n3r4t3]

But it's not imaginative to think maybe there was a creator?

[@narutohawke]

@@d3g3n3r4t3 No it'a not cus people just use it to explain everything. Disease? God. Lightning? God. Death, the sun rising and setting, you name it. Once we learn what causes something we inject a god into another mystery. There's nothing imaginative using the god cop-out for the umpteenth time

[@d3g3n3r4t3]

@@narutohawke u sound rediculous. Quite the straw man u tried to build there. People dont say that. Maybe in the past I guess? The point has always been that he created existence. So ya disease is god. Lightning is god. What I mean is no matter the physical reasons, the idea is it was designed like that by the creator. Many people in the past who were scientifically minded wernt stupid. There are plenty of them in the 17th 18th 19th centuries that progressed humanity and they didnt use the concept of the possibility of the creator to answer their scientific inquiries, they knew there was physical reasoning for it. They are saying it's like that because it's designed. What a ludicrous thing for u to say

[@narutohawke]

@@d3g3n3r4t3 well I'm sorry I was not trying to straw man you. I'm just saying people in general over the years have used god to explain something until they learned why/how something worked. When you think about how it was the explanation for practically everything at one point, it makes sense that one would consider that solution unimaginative. Also I'm not claiming anyone is dumb because they believe in a god. You could even believe in a god and still have a creative theory. The problem is just saying god did it doesn't get us anywhere and is not creative.

[@NIKN1]

​@@d3g3n3r4t3 , what is ridiculous? God is a solution to an incomplete pattern. Finding a pattern in all things in the universe and unifying them and their behavior in a complete theory is the way to understand it in some way. God is your solution to what? What is your understanding of god exactly? Is god a consciousness? Do you think of God as a creature? In my experience, as @Darwood Antoine said it could be an answer to every question you ask, until a scientist shows and gives you politically correct answer - "There is also another answer" , with its scientific translation : You're mistaken! My problem is not that I just think religion and belief in God is something bad.. But I do think, that there is a problem with explaining the "creation" with the cheat "creator"? I call it a cheat, because you aren't even trying to explain it - not at least at the level scientist are (really) trying to explain it. Its like "I'll not try to make sense of your pattern, because I don't wanna, I have belief". If the boundaries we've discovered in science were still at the scale of the solar system, are you sure that the full manifestation of your god wasn't going to be the Sun? Oh, but we discovered that the sun is not a first generation star. So stars like it are creations of larger and older stars. Yeah, those stars are its creators. Do they need consciousness. Does your creator need some kind of consciousness? Randomness and chaos in the universe,in its scales lead inevitably to some kind of structure. Is just the design about the universe chaos, entropy in different scales? So you're trying to assign a single creator - structure of order with god? Isn't it just because we are prone to finding structure because of our nature? Is it fair to assign it just to "the creator" and give it a human flavor?

[@TheIgdrasil1]

My brain is inflating after watching just one minute of this video.

[@martiddy]

Yeah, my brain has also inflated after watching this video. It's probably a brain tumor tho

[@ianalvord3903]

"ok, cool story bro" At least I understood that part!

[@teraagaming5213]

You guys completely made me opsessed about space. Thank you ❤️

[@Jesus.the.Christ]

Matt: This is speculative. Also Matt: I believe this with all my heart.

[@mahaylabalentine9616]

"Hot dense expanding state." That's me when I eat spicy food.

[@ojtheviking]

Yeah, I experience a couple of big bangs after that myself.

[@Draecko]

I have a question: Can we theorize whether these infinitely spawned universes have the same laws of physics within them or would this be totally random? I would imagine if some sort of physics ties our universe to others there would be boundaries that would limit variation.

[@robertmyers6865]

IF there were multiple universes, then why is there NOT a mix of things NOW? There should be a mix that we would ordinarily call a CHAOS.

[@SaerdnalasKasper]

So, after a relative infinite number of rewinds, I have a infinite amount of no clue!

[@Dariocorral01]

When bubbles collide is my favorite Powerman 500 remake

[@otakuribo]

Ah yes, Powman 5K; brother of Robert Zambia

[@sisyphusvasilias3943]

Was that the first time in YT history that a Creator had a "wanted to have a quick word" that wasn't about a sponsor?

[@tomekdarda]

This! I soo expected just that sponsor message!

[@gavriloking5637]

Wrong. I am from the before when YT didn’t have ads. Yes, I know you don’t believe me but it is true.

[@LandoBando-pj5ox]

@@gavriloking5637 O ancient one spread your knowledge

[@tonymahony2282]

um...2Min in, and I already need to look up so many words and phrases.

[@kodykindhart5644]

He’s so awesome at explaining this

[@jamescollier3]

love his work attire

[@greengrub1]

I swear best physics/universe channel EVER! Been watching for like a year now

[@clifflivingstone8441]

check out Anton Petrov- What da math; he publishes something this interesting everyday

[@dankhank8569]

I've been watching about 3 years.can't remember if I was watching before Gabe left but I love the old videos. Ive also been watching Anton petrov and dreksler astral for a few years. Frazier Cain too and of course scishow space and crash course astronomy.

[@bareknuckles2u]

The Homer voice in my head is saying "just tell me what happened before the big bang!"

[@adantigus]

Do these limitless other universe bubbles share the same physical laws, or is it possible that some of them have different settings on the "dial" you sometimes mention? Asking on behalf of my friend, the Anthropic Principle.

[@dankhank8569]

adantigus they're all probably pretty similar I'm guessing.

[@nightblade628]

I love the way you phrased this. For anyone wondering, the range of different settings would be as diverse as there are number of universes. Many may support life; many more probably wouldn’t. In one, atomic bonds might never form, while one may have a much weaker or stronger force of gravity, leading to either no cohesion between matter (no planets and stars forming) or just a universe full of black holes. I’ve never tried Universe Simulator before but I’d imagine that if it had a function to generate a universe based on various settings, you could tweak those settings and end up with any number of outcomes - all of which probably have a universe (or millions) out there which accounts for them.

[@justdave9610]

When you start adding infinities to things you get infinite possibilities and combinations so I'd imagine that means infinite variations.

[@deathstarresident]

For starters I think the cosmological constant can theoretically have different values in these other universe bubbles. That alone have a lot of implications on physical laws.

[@alandouglas2789]

As long as you define “pretty good idea” as “NO IDEA” then yeah I would agree with you on that one.

[@MilChamp1]

Could dark energy be some expression of a field similar to the inflaton field?

[@michaelsommers2356]

Possibly. See, for example, the Wikipedia article on dark energy.

[@VaradMahashabde]

perhaps, a field strength corresponding to an energy density equivalent to the cosmological constant

[@rancidbeef582]

This channel is starting to sound more and more like a Star Trek Next Generation episode. All we need now are some subspace fields. And tachyons.

[@KhangNguyen1]

Tim Thompson agree...

[@temsik28]

Agree. Also needs more Q. That would be fun to see him explain.

[@mvmlego1212]

Ooh, the haggis is in the fire now!

[@fivish]

Its science fiction as he has no facts just some maths.

[@richie1326]

It'll never be like star trek until it has well endowed women in *very* tight jumpsuits.... 😂

[@DhakaiyaHunter]

I would be lying if I say, I understand this whole thing...

[@mk-oe8yx]

Hahaha

[@jdbarr769]

Its all lies.

[@lallepot]

I lie :D

[@sdwone]

Interesting stuff... Totally way out there! I wonder how all of this ties up with the Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics??? An infinite number of infinitely inflating bubble universes should surely be enough to encompass such ideas...

[@CornerCaseStudio]

@@jdbarr769 It's all speculative, but that doesn't make it "lies"... unless you in your infinite wisdom know the absolute truth and would like to share it with the class?

[@7sx760]

"The day without yesterday."

[@novakastmusic]

Everybody gangsta till the Universes start poppin

[@fademusic1980]

Real talk

[@diddycfc8783]

Yeah bros finna talk real talk but lil uni jump and yall keep quiet?

[@tomaslopes626]

Hi Space Time. Just wondering how can the inflation extend to infinity if the inflating regions keep getting smaller. Wouldn't the non inflating bubbles be created up until a point where the regions are smaller than the planck volume?

[@krystiangeldon7929]

The areas don't get smaller because of the inflation. The area could be as small as the plank length and inflate to the size of our own universe.

[@doggonemess1]

1:27 I was expecting "...in an eternally inflating - SPACETIME". It felt like the end of the episode and I was thinking "Wait, that was quick."

[@tripsbacks]

I didn't understand any of this until I hit the bong. Now it all makes sense........man.

[@JDSleeper]

I think this is my favorite series so far. Which makes me wonder what happens in Black Holes.

[@michaelsommers2356]

In a sense, a black hole does not have an inside. We can't, in principle, measure anything inside a BH. We can't even see anything cross the event horizon, because time is slowed due to the BH. So, based on the sound philosophical principle that if you can't measure it, whatever it may be, it ain't real, BHs don't have insides.

[@andrewmiller9029]

They have a few episodes on that topic already

[@fatredditmod]

@@michaelsommers2356 just because we can't 'see' doesn't mean there is nothing inside

[@michaelsommers2356]

@@fatredditmod How can you distinguish between a BH with something inside and a BH that doesn't have an inside?

[@daviddelaney2407]

@@michaelsommers2356, note that this is actually an _excellent_ question. For non-quantum black holes, you can actually prove that the only things about it you can measure independent of each other are its mass, its charge (if any) and its spin/angular momentum (if any). That's it; that's all the information you get about what may or may not have come together to form it. So here, you CAN'T distinguish, other than that a truly "empty" black hole would have zero mass, and therefore zero size and be indistinguishable from empty space. One that had a mass but somehow no actual 'inside'? Would look just like a regular one made from that much mass. --Dave, once you add quantum interactions and information theory into the mix, things get weirder

[@ToastedFanArt]

You know what blows my mind the most... why is there anything at all? Surely the easiest thing would have been for nothing to exist AT ALL. Nothing EVER. A literal lack of anything would be simpler than all the crazy stuff that goes on. But yet here we are talking about it. The fact that anything exists at all will always be the weirdest thing to me.

[@mitchhale9692]

All the nothing that exists has noone in it to notice how perfectly normal the nothing is. Only the weird edge cases with something have anyone to notice how extraordinary there being something at all is.

[@rickwyant]

And we do exist. That’s why I believe in the multiverse, whatever made our universe couldn’t have been a unique event.

[@empyrionin]

We do not know if nothing existing is simpler than the Universe existing. Intuition tells us that, but physics intuition failed us completely at least since the 1920s.

[@yourguard4]

I would say "nothing" also means "no rules" (this makes it impossible to describe). So, there is no rule that forbids, that nothing can turn into something ;)

[@hybridwafer]

What blows my mind is that, given an infinite amount of time, anything that can happen, will happen, an infinite amount of times, and since I do not experience time while I do not exist, all that's left is my inevitable existence.

[@user-fq3pc9nu3f]

I watch these types of videos when I cant sleep at night.

[@WeirdBrainGoo]

PBS Space Time has such good thumbnails, I admire them often. O'Dowd also has good posture. I wonder if he's somehow reading from cards or a prompt, since his delivery is so natural. Typically it's super obvious when someone is reading what they're saying, and so I think he really knows his stuff and has probably practiced the presentation well.

[@Ivan.A.Churlyuski]

What came before the thing we don’t know when, where, why, and refuse to address who and what. This should be good.

[@kungfury6410]

I’m getting some major flashbacks to Chemistry and Bio 1 and solving equations for Gibbs Free Energy.

[@futo333]

So the "multiverse" is like a frothing bottle of cola with a load of bubbles all continuously appearing, colliding and merging or reforming in the liquid?

[@throughaglassdarkly8392]

That's why Coke's slogan for a while was "The Only Thing Like Coca-Cola is Coca-Cola Itself" and "Coke Is It". It explains everything. Take that string theory!

[@donkeyhobo34]

I think its possible to defy the rules of physics and the universe and that it's just really, really hard even for scientists to figure out but still possible

[@wulphstein]

Do you see any multiverse froth? I don't.

[@Tore_Lund]

I had the mental image of a cavitating ship propeller.

[@wulphstein]

@@Tore_Lund Interesting.

[@Wadser]

I've watched this episode like 3 times and it feels like fresh info each time.

[@Rexy2143]

One minute and 48 seconds in and my head begins to hurt with the information I can’t begin to comprehend

[@coolbeans7571]

Is it just me or do you get chills realizing your a human

[@deebee4575]

“You’re”

[@coolbeans7571]

@@deebee4575 I’ve never needed to correct that word before

[@deebee4575]

@@coolbeans7571 maybe that’s why you’re still getting it wrong. Your / you’re are taught at age 6.

[@coolbeans7571]

@@deebee4575 lol I was saying this is the first time I’ve ever gotten it corrected. I know proper grammar

[@deebee4575]

@@coolbeans7571 oh okay. Carry on then.

[@kjustkses]

Thank you for talking about the speculation and not talking as if it is factual like some proponents.

[@ntl5983]

You mean like religious people?

[@YumiYumY]

Who on earth you heard of someone who speak of BEFORE the big bang with factuality? Science and true scientists never exaggerate, never lies.

[@TheSnivilous]

@@ntl5983 while yes, there's also TONS of people in the sciences who claim things as fact, when it's all just a hypothesis. A good example is the model of the atom, which is constantly changing but is always explained as the current model is totally correct and accurate.

[@kjustkses]

IVS Quarks will probably be made of sparks which consists of larks and sharks...

[@ntl5983]

@@TheSnivilous While yes? There is no while in religion, just always. Scientists call facts facts... it's not all a hypothesis. The model of the atom is not constantly changing, it's the same Schrödinger model from back in the 1920s.

[@IAmNumber4000]

I love these videos because it’s like uncovering these mysteries for the first time since I hardly understood any of it 😂

[@noonespecial1178]

so we may be part of a ever expanding fractal multiverse that be so cool

[@mark-o-man6603]

Me: interesting My brain 20secs in: good night, bro. Wake me up when you go back to funny cat videos

[@MegaParrotMan]

I'm not as smart as him, I admit I dunno what he's talking about. And I like the fact that as smart as he is, he hasn't really got a clue about what the universe really is.

[@MATRIX-AGENT]

I am going to have to watch this a few times to get it to sink in. 😂 Complex but fascinating. Keep up the good work PBS

[@jpj803]

Is "sup?" on your t-shirt some weird equation or it's just what's up?

[@michilenaVideos]

Galileo Galilei was the first one who literally answered that question “what’s up (above us)?” And proposed the heliocentric theory. In which the earth was no longer the centre of everything we knew, it was the sun.

[@kaigreen5641]

@@michilenaVideos Galileo did not. I REPEAT, did not conceive of the heliocentric model. It was first proposed around 2000 years ago. Even if you disregard that, as the knowledge had been lost at that time, it was an Islamic scholar who proposed it, I cant spell his name... The modern heliocentric model was proposed by Copernicus, who was building upon said Islamic scholars work.

[@securion100]

@@kaigreen5641 Islam is 1400 years old...

[@joabodiaga7415]

@kai green jinga kabisa. #kenyan

[@ketchup5344]

I find this much easier to grasp than love island.

[@RobertBelcher]

I love to kite-surf too, but I take it to the next level. I like to surf the foam of expanding infinite bubble universes. The swells can be amazing.

[@raidermaxx2324]

you must be a fellow Boltzmann brain.. how do you do? :P

[@erik-ic3tp]

Brainy McBoltzmannface, 😂😂😂

[@kdhavle]

"Many and varied are the universes that float on the river of time." Or something like that. Start of "The Wall of Darkness " - the classic short story by AC Clarke.

[@yyediixiv9511]

The fact that anything and nothing had no beginning means parts of us have been through forever to actually form us which makes me stop worrying and happy because these parts know what forever is and they will continue the forever after i die and will create me again no matter what odds are there and i wont even sense the long time taken to do that

[@MrMichiel1983]

Could the universe bubbles actually collide? Or would the space in between them always grow faster than the space within them?

[@siegfriedwinkler8554]

If you try to create a theory upon a theory you are definitely lost in a science fiction episode.

[@janko459]

Me: trying to hear the new words that i haven't heard of than typing it into google

[@exoplanets]

My mind has just been *blown*

[@limiv5272]

But has it also expanded?

[@sporegnosis]

in a fractal pattern?

[@levaniandgiorgi2358]

Did it start creating multiple minds in an imperfect fractal pattern?

[@Rico-Suave_]

Watched all of it, most of it went right over my head

[@JT-Works]

Big fan of the channel and congrats on joining the kiteboarding club. Were you able to get any jumps in, or at least go up wind?

[@darioinfini]

My favorite Australian after Steve Irwin RIP. Both eagerly and earnestly share/d their respective passion. Without reservation however I understood what Steve talked about far more.

[@darioinfini]

@John Patriot eagle freedom boner Absolutely not! He was the first Australian cultural good will ambassador to the US. I just figured no one currently on KZbin would know who this 80's era star was.

[@darioinfini]

@John Patriot eagle freedom boner Daaamn. How was George Washington? Was he cool or kind of a jerk?

[@JohnSmith-kd6ip]

When you ask "What time is it?" and the other person tells you about time and space, big bang, space inflation, string theory...NEVERMIND!!! I'm gonna watch some "Teletubbies" now...

[@nunyabeeswax9463]

Im just a guy from East Tennessee, it sounds like y'all are proposing a perpetual motion phenomena. I was under the impression that's not plausible. Love the information.

[@Tfin]

Again, 42 is not the meaning of [those things], it is merely the answer to the (unspoken) ultimate question of [those things].

[@michaelsommers2356]

But only in base 13.

[@Tfin]

@@Fudgy___ "What is the answer to the ultimate question of life, the universe, and everything?"... "42." At which point they need to figure out what the question is, so they build Earth.

[@michaelsommers2356]

@@Tfin And the question is, "What do you get if you multiply six by nine."

[@MichaelJLong]

👍🏻 “Grab your towel. Let’s go!” So good. 😆

[@joshuakahky6891]

Could the Inflaton Field explain Dark Energy?

[@photoworkshop6244]

What?! What is dark energy?

[@joshuakahky6891]

@fynes leigh If you watch the next episode (Could We Terraform Mars?), they actually answer this specific question

[@Lightning9060]

"Cool story bro" - Matt, 2019

[@JoseCastillo-wx6jd]

Excellent video. Congratulations.

[@suyashverma15]

Okay but I want to ask you that inside what these inflating bubbles are inflating into? Is it a hyperdimensional(>4D) void or is it 0 dimensional or anything else. Please explain. Thanks for an awesome video!!👍👍😊

[@MsSonali1980]

Fractals have x/y dimensions en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractal

[@Fluxquark]

Suyash Verma Inflation is (more or less) space(time?) expanding exponentially. Every bubble universe is a patch of this that slows down and expands at a slower rate. It does not expand "into" anything, think of it as the surface of a balloon as you are inflating it. Every part just gets bigger.

[@hexzyle]

@@Fluxquark but even an inflating balloon expands in an additional dimension

[@Fluxquark]

@@hexzyle Yeah, it's an analogy but it still works even if there is no other dimension to expand "into". Our brains just aren't well equipped to think about it.

[@UmeshPatil-mm6ko]

The Big Foreplay. Duh.

[@adolfodef]

Now that you mention it... the re-heating of the universe sounds like an orgasm. -> The false vacuum of the inflaton field would be proper stimulation . . .

[@BaldmanB]

You win my days session on the internet... Well done 👏👏👏 😎👌

[@stefanb6539]

@@adolfodef I don't know, the words "reheating" and "microwave" gave me a far less romantic impression, that ends with a "Bing!" rather than a "Bang", and the smell of something, that is supposed to be food.

[@alexanderli5987]

Area 51 will reveal to us an array of digital clones of Matt O'Dowd trapped in computers, whose sole purpose In all of space time is to explain physics to people online.

[@sid6645]

Why does that sound plausible? Lol.

[@peterb9481]

LOL welcome back. Good episode.