What Happened Before the Big Bang?

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We actually have a pretty good idea of what might have happened before the Big Bang. That is, as long as we define the Big Bang as the extremely hot, dense, rapidly expanding universe that is described by Einstein’s equations. That picture of the universe is very solid down to about a trillionth of a second after the supposed beginning of time. We can make good guesses down to about 10^-30th of a second. But before that?
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Written by Matt O'Dowd
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Produced By: Kornhaber Brown
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سلطان الخليفي

[@Sixnipplesonebreast]

In another episode of "I'll pretend I get it"

[@Joker-en2sy]

Ikr

[@yaririvera8425]

😂 best comment so far!

[@lucadardi9331]

I feel the exact same.

[@gorgal2]

😂👍💪

[@KeeksSnoogie79]

Lmfao this is exactly me

[@x1expert1x]

I literally can't believe that PBS actually is funding something this in-detail. I used to watch PBS as a kid all the time, it's what got me interested in science and why I went into STEM. I love you guys so much, you are doing a huge service to humanity, inspiring multiple generations to have an interest in sciences which will make this world better for everyone. Thank you so much for the endless joy you've brought us :') You have no idea how much it means to me

[@nicholaslupo4231]

stema.. Art is just as important. Hence dear moon.

[@megsinzoa7424]

@@nicholaslupo4231 arts only purpose is launder money, oh and making morons feel smug. Fuck art.

[@proteinbagel1084]

meg sinzoa "Imagination is more important than knowledge. For knowledge is limited, whereas imagination embraces the entire world, stimulating progress, giving birth to evolution."- Albert Einstein

[@megsinzoa7424]

@@proteinbagel1084 yeah, albert said some dumb shit sometimes. Wisdom requires both knowledge and understanding, if humans just gave up at art and feelings instead of doing something usefull we would not have evolved past the stone age, buddy.

[@DavidBruno]

When I was a kid PBS was all about North American bears, African lions with some Jacques Cousteau and Carl Sagan mixed in - I couldn't believe my eyes when I re-discovered this level of content in 2018

[@ASLUHLUHCE]

With all these people saying they didn't understand anything, I'd just like to say that I really appreciate your level of depth. This channel has some of the best pop-sci explanations of theoretical physics and cosmology out there. Thank you so much Matt (and anyone else involved)!

[@ASLUHLUHCE]

Admittedly, I did have to watch parts of this at 0.75 speed lol

[@Shirokroete]

I wouldn't even call them pop science. They are educational and I have had classes less deep than these videos.

[@theobolt250]

Also it is interesting to observe how people who do not have enough scientific knowledge, or lack in level of understanding for this, react to this. I admit, sometimes it's over my head but still it succeeds in irritating me. Because it sounds like nonsense to my ears, although it is just something I do not understand or not fully. But mostly it leaves me with more questions. Questions that most of the time reflect my lack of knowledge. But every now and then... sometimes even I have a clear idea that some things do not add up. Because everyone at that point only can wonder about what it really is what we are looking at.

[@mauramcferran2612]

I understand its a Guessing Game No one Realy knows 🤣

[@tahah.babikir7698]

You’re welcome.. I’m involved too.. Intry to inspire Mat to bring you the best content by liking and commenting..

[@michealbarrow8574]

Honestly your channel has changed my life. I don't have money to go to college but everything watch your videos it just fulfills me. Leads me down fun rabbit holes of mathematics and the strange aspects of the universe we live in.

[@FunnyPrankLaughs]

Join the military, even part time, for free college so you can go study every bit of astrophysics and mathematics to your hearts content!

[@eatshitlarrypage.3319]

@@FunnyPrankLaughs Yes, kill the nonwhites and steal their oil. It's the american way!

[@jimgorlett4269]

you could try buying or otherwise acquiring some textbooks and working through them. that's what you'd end up doing in college anyways

[@sanjeebbharadwaj103]

I watch an episode when I start feeling too smart... Always brings back me to reality...

[@zombieSlayer-kn2rk]

Same

[@theotherone5214]

It's the opposite for me. When watching an episode, I realize that even the smartest people in the world have absolutely no idea what they are talking about. But keep working on ideas, and one day we may actually know something.

[@cavemanlovesmoke4394]

@@theotherone5214 ... lol okay...

[@axeman2638]

did you ever stop to consider that the reason it doesn't make any sense to you is because there's no sense there to find and that the whole idea is baseless nonsense?

[@Cresanova]

@@axeman2638 You really served the entire scientific community, great job bro

[@AmpDecay]

who gets totally confused half way through but just keeps watching anyway?

[@melvinjansen2338]

Every fucken video

[@Deeplycloseted435]

Space Time, at least most episodes, left me in the dust long ago.....but I keep watching.

[@nmccw3245]

Most of us.

[@TheCimbrianBull]

Someone: "What was the video about?" Me: "Ungga bungga wugga!" (grunting like a caveman)

[@Monte80]

Not really. Confused from the first minute.

[@LouigiVerona]

I feel these videos are a really convoluted way of saying "we just don't know, although a couple of physicists have some good ideas"

[@paulgilbert2506]

Nope. Its "we dont know, although some physicists have some good ideas, and here is the explanation of those ideas". See the difference?

[@LouigiVerona]

@@paulgilbert2506 What I'm trying to say is that PBS Space Time videos always leave me knowing pretty much in the same spot as I was when I began watching them. And this is not true about many other popular science videos. I am not a fan of writing on these videos.

[@rovidius2006]

The energy released by a unknown process mast be originated from a external source hence the idea of multiple universes ,the urge to escape earth velocity is palpable .

[@JohnDoe-dj3lw]

@@LouigiVerona pathetic comment

[@LouigiVerona]

@@JohnDoe-dj3lw Thank you, John. Yours is much better.

[@cozzoli39]

I feel like I'm in the classroom with Charlie Brown listening to the teacher

[@newlove4716]

Womp

[@mauramcferran2612]

And the Teacher doesn't even really know the Answer either 😁🤣

[@richardkurr4977]

Sometimes I watch these videos and realize: “so this is what it feels not to understand English “

[@JJJJJ405]

you spoke my heart! I hope PBS replaces him!

[@basemherzallah8852]

God almighty said ( O assembly of the jinn and the men! If you are able to pass through the regions of the heavens and the earth, then pass through; you cannot pass through but with authority ). [ chapter 55 : verse 33 ] One of a lot of verses from holy Quran emphasize the fact that there is one God who created the all world .. Our lord told us by his words in Quran from his massenger that humans will go to sky .. If you want to know truth of life read Quran you will find the truth .

[@josephfish3353]

@meluhawasy I understand that reference

[@jamespoff8632]

It's pretty simple what he is trying to explain is something I'll never understand... lol

[@mercury6800]

Basem Herzallah the Quran is not based on scientific fact

[@dman4249]

Yesterday I looked at my dog in pity. Unable to comprehend television....he deserves an extra treat today

[@matthewbrown8111]

😹

[@kension333]

I think a more fun question is, what is on the other side of the universes expansion? We know it's expanding. But, expanding into what exactly?

[@robertmyers6865]

It is expanding INTO what I call "Nondimentional Space."

[@siegfriedwinkler8554]

@@robertmyers6865 Sorry but that does not exist

[@TheZAPcon]

just getting back into this channel. i remember getting upset 3 or 4 years ago when i saw gabe was getting replaced, and now i'll be devastated if matt ever has to go! really doing an awesome job! thanks for all the knowledge (even if it doesn't ever fully sink in!)

[@Franco-iw4so]

Me: watches this video Also me: can’t understand the cooking instructions on the pogo box

[@numnut1516]

conacal rubdur that’s the joke

[@numnut1516]

conacal rubdur you not understanding the joke, meme, and meme format is not my problem boomer.

[@iSwanqa]

Franco Del Balso dumbass!

[@j3scott721]

Me: What's a pogo box?

[@basemherzallah8852]

God almighty said ( O assembly of the jinn and the men! If you are able to pass through the regions of the heavens and the earth, then pass through; you cannot pass through but with authority ). [ chapter 55 : verse 33 ] One of a lot of verses from holy Quran emphasize the fact that there is one God who created the all world .. Our lord told us by his words in Quran from his massenger that humans will go to sky .. If you want to know truth of life read Quran you will find the truth .

[@SirHefferlot581]

1. Question in my head: "What Happened Before the Big Bang?" 2. Watching this video. 3. Don't understand anything. 4. Tell myself to stop asking questions that have too complicated answers.

[@robertnorris5669]

It's probably not that complicated I believe theUniverse was Pure Energy somehow energy formed a loop and just as RNA creates DNA and vice versa 1 Loop creates an opposite Loop these loops formed geodesic forms somehow gravity came to be causing all these loops crashing into the center of the universe they exploded out creating all the fundamental particles that we now know and love so much

[@georgemarksity1441]

@@robertnorris5669 huh?

[@statichackx]

Thing is, for something to "happen" requires some finite length of time. But before the big bang there was no time. This also raises the question...how did the bang even happen if there was no time before it, only after it?

[@mohamedrekik5041]

That's why i just believe God initiated the big bang

[@ryana150yearsago9]

Robert Benton just no Mr.Imawannabescientistandhavenoodeawhatimtalkingabout

[@tomasouzaheuert]

I love not only understanding his videos but also noticing the inner jokes and sarcasms he throws all around in such a subtle way The way these videos are produced is absolutely fantastic and extraordinary

[@lannys8660]

You, sir, are insufferable.

[@teraagaming5213]

You guys completely made me opsessed about space. Thank you ❤️

[@abz998]

Love the fact that PBS is covering ground breaking theoretical research in somewhat comprehendible human. Support them if you can.

[@rawbebaba]

I mean honestly if you watch and dive into a lot of the general relativity videos, a lot of the things they've talked about since become much more easy to grasp. Mind you I had to watch that play list several times to "get" them but it really does help

[@neilmcdonald7824]

I’m hoping if i watch enough of these videos I’ll understand what he’s talking about

[@drvillain96]

Neil McDonald No you will not.

[@fivish]

he knows it mathematical nonsense

[@kellywhite174]

My covid vacay goal was to understand string theory, Big Bang, Black holes.... I accomplished nothing. 🥴

[@jstar3284]

I was lost in space here

[@chuckitaway466]

U have to start at a more basic level. Its just pieces

[@aleksandarmarkovic1013]

I understood 10% of everything he said. I still watched to the end for some reason :)

[@bane4743]

You should rewatch the video and do some research. Astrophysics is amazing.

[@thunderbolt1359]

The reason is you have no life 😅.

[@radwoodhaven]

If you're at 10%, consider yourself fortunate.

[@user-fq3pc9nu3f]

I watch these types of videos when I cant sleep at night.

[@AlexanderEVtrainer]

9:48 "Admittedly this raises a few questions." Bro... you have no idea...

[@squirrels24seven]

He said it wierd

[@fvckinfool101]

I need colored animations and detailed physics of the time before time.

[@martiddy]

But how would you get the physics of the time before time?, that's a paradox

[@thinkabout602]

There different forms of time I know because I was, am, is, going, there

[@fvckinfool101]

Martiddy - Sama the present is a freaking paradox. It’s analogous to spatial dimensions. The present is a “point” in time, with no dimension. It’s as if you constantly reset a stop watch back to zero. Where as the past or the future are measurable... I think.

[@fvckinfool101]

thinkabout what really bothers me, in a good way but in a very very persistent way, is the thought that “time” has always existed, just not in a way that we can understand, either that or time literally unfolded into existence from an eternal zero space place. The thought of it emerging from an eternal state of zero drives me crazy.

[@thomashenderson3901]

@@fvckinfool101 I tend to agree. Time is just an ever changing present to the observer, right?

[@Wadser]

I've watched this episode like 3 times and it feels like fresh info each time.

[@SaerdnalasKasper]

So, after a relative infinite number of rewinds, I have a infinite amount of no clue!

[@user-rs4ci3fn2d]

I have a degree in physics and chemistry, he lost me.

[@rubiks6]

You're not alone. It is rather hard to convey nonsense so that people can understand it.

[@dillonbutler2004]

Based, the quality of holding true to one's beliefs, to have a strong constitution, to trust one's own judgement without fear of persecution.

[@jsharp9735]

That's because because physics and chemistry in cosmology has been replaced with 95% hypothetical abstract mathematics that cant be feed back into the real world. You can do anything when you divide by zero.

[@chaoticneutral8040]

You have a degree in physics... AND chemistry... and you can’t follow along. Uhhhh

[@user-rs4ci3fn2d]

@@chaoticneutral8040 I'm pretty sure that's what I said. Are you one of those who like to state the obvious or something?

[@yogoo0]

Props to the background artists. I just noticed the parallaxing on the stars in the background when the camera moves. Not easy to do that with a constantly changing background

[@7sx760]

"The day without yesterday."

[@benhager2559]

I know it's an old post, thought I would chime in still. First let me say I absolutely love this channel. Its absolutely great. Thank you for the excellent topics, the involvement of the community, and the education that you bring. I'm a huge amateur theoretical physicist fan, who just teases my own mind at times. To the topic. We know in thermodynamics, that an energy system cannot be reduced to a zero value. That is to say, the total energy in the universe, is no different today, than after than the most precision measure of time just after the big bang. And the total energy of the universe will remain unchanged throughout time. Energy is constant. Well never add to it, or remove from it. We can all agree on this. However in theory, it would seem, and physics does reflect this, that both space and time are either products of the big bang, or an emergent property. This is interesting to me, as energy seems so exotic in nature, that if you could rewind the universe to " before the big bang" I can make a sound and educated argument, that there was no space or time. In other words, since you cant destroy energy, since it is constant, then it must remain constant, and present, even if there is no space time dimension. In other words, energy can exist outside space time. So I think it's safe to say. That before the big bang there was energy, in a zero time zero space environment. In other words, there must exist an environment, outside space time, not definable by space time terms, yet still a very real environment. Now I'm going to ask questions, and let the universe provide the answers. What does energy do, in zero space,.zero time? To answer that question, we must observe what energy did within space time. One feature, is self organizing systems. The universe is in business of management, and its managing massive levels of energy. If space time was either a product of the big bang, or an emergent property, it still has its roots planted in the energy it came from. Unless u believe that space time is free, and it came at no cost to that original energy the universe started from. That makes no sense in physics, as to say something comes about for free. There must be a cost, to space time. I'm sure some of the universes missing energy, will not completely be found in dark matter, but rather the missing energy lies in a formula, converting energy into space time. Then its constant. So back to my question, what does energy do in zero space, zero time. Observing what it did in space time, it organized into galaxy clusters, star systems, black holes, nebulae, planets, gas clouds etc etc. Let's look deeper. This energy also self organized into life. It self organized into conscious beings. Stay with me please. So let's apply this self organizing feature, for all we know, to zero space , zero time. If , self organization is a property of energy, than energy in zero space zero time, must have also self organized. However, follow me here, it did not have to follow a time line, or spacial restriction. In other words, energy could have self organized into the most complex patterns imaginable, and beyond, instantly in zero time. It would have exhausted its entropy, literally instantaneously, not over a time line. Since were observing this energy, now exposed to a time line, and spacial information, and we know that consciousness emerges somehow, beyond our understanding, then let's assume for a moment, that energy in zero time may have done something similar. That is to say, energy, before the big bang, could have become infinitely complex instantly, and a part of that infinite complexity, would have included consciousness, as it has emerged within space time. In quantum mechanics, making a measurement collapses a wave function. So , I'm imagining, that pre big bang, the energy becomes so complex, infinitely complex, and just as here, consciousness emerges, you cant really say it happened at any specific moment, since time did not exist. ( I realize that for evolutionary systems to occur, there must be time) however, I'm not actually saying that pre big bang, any evolution occurs, I'm saying the energy was already in it's most infinitely complex state, not requiring evolution. Its tough to imagine but stay with me. I mean our minds are not equipped to see outside space time. Our imagination is our best and only tool here let's use it. Soo, that primordial energy before the big bang became self aware, in zero time, observed itself, ( I want to say it made the 1st measurement, but that requires space time so I cant really say that) so don't think in terms of 1st measurement. However, this energy became self aware, observed itself, and collapsed the infinitesimal wave function of itself, giving birth to the 1st particle, the 1st moment of time, and space. A cataclysmic event we call the big bang. Pre big bang all of it is in super position. It was both awake and not, it was both infinity complex, and infinitely disorganized, ( my imagination makes me think, that superposition is actually a zero time zero space state) where all possibilities are observed at once. Its really hard to get your mind around it, u have to think abstractly to even try understanding. After the big bang, the universe wants to assemble itself back into that infinity complex structure it started out as ( cant really say started because that infers time ) so , what I'm saying is pre big bang, the energy was already both infinitely complex, and infinitely disorganized, and both were emergent .that is to say each reality was at play. On our side, after the big bang, its trying to conserve it's own patterns it once ( cant say once that infers time...) but its trying to achieve balance with its self. Except now its exposed to a time line. It must travel this time line to get back where it started. A part of that time line must also include consciousness, since it existed pre big bang as a part of that infinitely complex structure, so in other words you could say it was destined, for consciousness to emerge in our universe, since it was already a part of that structure pre big bang. On the other side, that super positional state of the energy, pre big bang, that was infinitely disorganized, did not collapse it's own wave function, and continues to exist outside space time. There is energy there, but in such a disorganized state, that it remains that way in zero time / space. Both realities exist, but you could say the other does not matter, since nothing arises, emerges, or changes ( I know again changes infers time) , follow me here. I'm saying a part of the cosmos exists outside space time, where there is no evolution. Which contradicts what I'm saying because evolution requires time, which is what our universe did. On one side there is no evolution in zero time, and on another side, there is evolution in time. The universe had to realize both. As, both would make up, in superposition, the energy before the big bang. I think both sides are connected however, each influencing the other, which is were entropy comes to play. Ultimately, I think both universes become one, and balance each other, and they become mirror images. Which raises the question, how does the side infinitely disorganized, never evolving, become a mirror to our own universe? Well, since they are connected, they must share information with each other. The universe of infinite disorder, is sharing its influence with our own, played out in entropy. And our universe, would be sharing information with it, causing new, and organized information to become present, in other words the other universe is experiencing backward time. Our universe will evolve, into the most exotic example of disorder, entropy, and the other universe will go back in time, becoming the most amazing example of order possible. Both in harmony, one becomes the other, the other becomes the one. Both in superposition of each other. When our universe reaches it's most ultimate point of entropy, the other will reach it's most infinitely complex pattern. Which is how it all started. Then they trade places, the cycle happens again. Like an hour glass pouring from one side to the other Consciousness flips the hour glass, but not consciously, by virtue of mechanics. Both universes always connected, in zero time, zero space. In superposition with one another. Its really tough to get my thoughts out on this. My imagination takes me places I cannot put in words, its abstract. As the hour glass analogy, there must be a time when each universe is equal, equal information, space and time, then a transition happens. You would never know it happened, all your information, matter / energy would suddenly exist on the other side, like a clone. Then the other universe would go back to zero time zero space, allowing the other to evolve in space / time, until it goes so far, that it switches sides and repeats its cycle, as the hour glass turns. I've done my best to share my thoughts, please don't be to hard on me. I'm unsure if I've explained it well enough.there is alot i left out. im trying to be as fundamental as i can, i mean were talking about "before big bang" ( which i dont like since before infers time ) , and fundamentally , before the big bang, there must have been energy . so energy is whats fundamental here. not space time, not gravity, which emerges from space time. ive purposely contradicted myself, because this conversation is like a mind experiment. its the only way i know to communicate abstract thought. introducing a self induced conflict really helps my thinking, just as many mental experiments. Schrödinger's cat being one of the best.

[@neonflare7809]

Phenomenal write-up. I'm just an interested person and no expert on any sort of scientific topic whatsoever, but your hypothesis at least theoretically makes sense to me (perhaps there is a scientific property unknown to me that would defeat it, but it doesn't matter). One thing that I need to ask after all of this: if consciousness is destined to evolve as an original part of the 'instant infinite universe', wouldn't that imply that Space-time is also part of it in some way? How did the concept arise to begin with? Why would energy 'limit' itself in such a way that it requires time to form back into its mirror state? I hope I'm not making any blatantly confused statements. I seriously appreciated your comment.

[@SayAhh]

Our entire universe is just one "air molecule" exhaled or sneezed out by an immeasurably large being, which can be inhaled and re-exhaled again. 13.8 billion years to us is less than a microsecond to them. Also, Star Trek covered "anti-time." what about negative time and negative space-time?

[@danpetrovic8512]

wow!

[@paullhodgkinson]

Energy is not conserved at the level of the whole Universe, since time symmetry is broken by the expansion of spacetime. Energy conservation is a consequence of time symmetry.

[@stanman260]

The visual explanations are amazing and something a textbook can never bring.

[@winstonknowitall4181]

Don't let him out again! We need these Space Time episodes.

[@YourBeingParanoid]

Why doesn't the sun have an equatorial bulge???

[@luckiano]

Adapt, survive. Spacetime thigs.

[@codyramseur]

@@YourBeingParanoid google rotation speed of the sun. It rotates slower than Earth and since it isn't as rigid as Earth, different physics are at play. That's what I can rationalize based on my limited understanding.

[@Deipnosophist_the_Gastronomer]

It's wrong to keep him trapped!

[@winstonknowitall4181]

@@Deipnosophist_the_Gastronomer It's for the greater good.

[@eugeniapruteanu8148]

i probably know more about space and geography than all my friends because i read soooo many articles about black holes, supernovas and stuff i watch these kind of videos about the universe and i love geography. like love it. i love learning about new countries, new animals, and about how some were formed. i love anything space-related. i am just passionated, like my mom:

[@kodykindhart5644]

He’s so awesome at explaining this

[@jamescollier3]

love his work attire

[@asdasdasdasd8970]

I love Spacetime. Best channel covering cosmology and particle physics. All other documentries on YT are just crap.

[@lrm9298]

Sadly I wish this would change. We need to re-platform academics, education and research. Colleges are only doing so much these days to cultivate society.

[@matthewtheobald1231]

When you think you understand anything Space Time: "hold my beer"

[@Rico-Suave_]

Watched all of it, most of it went right over my head

[@Kpyocap]

Thinking about this always gives me chills

[@jjkthebest]

This show never fails to thoroughly blow my mind.

[@kostasgeorgiou2417]

This channel is one of the main reasons I want to research in astrophysics as a machine learning student

[@chimpychompy3028]

i study psychology and heck i wanna study this now haha

[@Articulate99]

Always interesting, thank you.

[@IAmNumber4000]

I love these videos because it’s like uncovering these mysteries for the first time since I hardly understood any of it 😂

[@zilvoxidgod]

I love the idea of other universes, not the cinematic "parallel universe" idea but just the general acknowledgement that we're just not that unique. There's always another planet, galaxy, cluster, and now universe. And there's other life on other planets, even if it's not intelligent.

[@jettmthebluedragon]

Just Beacuse it seems possible does not mean it is 😐once you die your dead in this world but that does not mean you won’t be dead forever depending the chances of this planet forming is how long we will be dead or in this case sleeping 😐yes death is nothing but just going into a so called endless sleep 😑and all of us were all ready dead before we came into this world for who knows how dam long 😑1 trillion years ? One septillion years one goggle years I have no idea 😓it’s not the fact this planet will never form again Because even thought the odds are small😐 it’s not impossible for this planet to happen again the odds of this planet forming depends if the universe is finite or not 😐if the universe is infinite that means the chances of this planet will happen again but it’s so ridiculously small 😑and if the universe is finite the odds of this planet forming are grater but like all things if the universe is finite you still need a cause and effect on what created the universe to begin with 😑 eventually you say how did the universe came to be how did stars an planets came to be how did galaxy’s came to be how did atoms came to be how did electrons came to be ? How did quarks came to be? How did quarks came into being ?😑you see everything in natire has a cause and effect even the Big Bang singularity if you say their was no time no space before the Big Bang it means 1 the Big Bang did not ever happen or 2 your missing the cause and effect their is no way around it 😑

[@sisyphusvasilias3943]

Best use of "Cool story Bro" ever! It fits the script but is also THE coolest story.

[@nutsackvlogz8892]

@fynes leigh Wow bro you sure are cool I bet you get all the ladies

[@zacharysimpson7353]

You say you don't know where the speck started, but how was this speck here in the first place?

[@iBOT-R3]

I am going to have to watch this a few times to get it to sink in. 😂 Complex but fascinating. Keep up the good work PBS

[@TheIgdrasil1]

My brain is inflating after watching just one minute of this video.

[@martiddy]

Yeah, my brain has also inflated after watching this video. It's probably a brain tumor tho

[@40MileDesertRat]

Universally low interest rates are the prime cause of inflation.

[@j.s.7335]

Ooh, I'm an economist. This I understand!

[@coolbeans7571]

Is it just me or do you get chills realizing your a human

[@deebee4575]

“You’re”

[@coolbeans7571]

@@deebee4575 I’ve never needed to correct that word before

[@deebee4575]

@@coolbeans7571 maybe that’s why you’re still getting it wrong. Your / you’re are taught at age 6.

[@coolbeans7571]

@@deebee4575 lol I was saying this is the first time I’ve ever gotten it corrected. I know proper grammar

[@deebee4575]

@@coolbeans7571 oh okay. Carry on then.

[@Rexy2143]

One minute and 48 seconds in and my head begins to hurt with the information I can’t begin to comprehend

[@EnlightenedWhispers]

I've been studying astrophysics since the 7th grade. I'm now 37 and this was way over my head. Lol!

[@canada3186]

Then why did u study it to get confused

[@EnlightenedWhispers]

@@canada3186 lol! No, I get a lot of it. Just not this.

[@radrook4481]

Nonsense usually is.

[@FullModernAlchemist]

I absolutely love the slow roll inflation theory. There's something profoundly comforting in the sentiment that nothing ever really ends in that model of the universe. Yes it still implies that this particular bubble will expand forever and eventually succumb to heat death, but that won't be the end of everything for everyone.

[@JoseCastillo-wx6jd]

Excellent video. Congratulations.

[@bane4743]

Always been a hobby astrophysicist and so glad to stumble on this channel. Astronomy and astrophysics are my favorite things in the whole world.

[@ahahahhaaisyah4238]

According to the hypothesis of the evolution of the solar system, it is like a cup of hot water before evolution, and the distribution of matter and energy after evolution is regular, which indicates that hot water will eventually evolve in this way. Violation of thermodynamics and chemical properties. Due to the law of increase in entropy (degeneration), it is impossible to evolve into a massive object, so it is impossible to have gravity to give birth to the solar system. Therefore, it can only be created by God. According to the hypothesis of the evolution of the universe, when it has not yet evolved, because the universe has been expanding, the matter and energy it needs spread outward, and there is nothing to evolve, only created by God.

[@Strothy2]

3 tabs acid and Spacetime... gets you really thinking fast

[@DesertDustX]

Share??

[@Fume1337]

Dmt

[@Gam3B0y23r0]

my favorite thing in Spacetime is, when you start watching episode, and it gives you episodes you need to watch to understand this, and you start to watch that episode and it gives you playlists to watch XD.. and oon and onn.. but still. IMHO you should not be spending your acid time sitting before computer screen.. @@Fume1337 In DMT you are not "awake" for some time, then you won't be able to watch 15 minute episode..

[@Strothy2]

@ravi sanchez no use DMT, as it sais it's an acid, vapeing this shit will do nothing

[@jproffitt2192]

@ravi sanchez i believe that if you were to dip the filter in it you could trip, you might as well just get a tab tho

[@andrewmiller9029]

Been waiting 2 years for this video. Thanks so much for finally presenting the topic. This channel is the best! Seen every episode twice. Thanks.

[@kayakutah]

It would probably be a good idea to watch these sequentially!

[@WeirdBrainGoo]

PBS Space Time has such good thumbnails, I admire them often. O'Dowd also has good posture. I wonder if he's somehow reading from cards or a prompt, since his delivery is so natural. Typically it's super obvious when someone is reading what they're saying, and so I think he really knows his stuff and has probably practiced the presentation well.

[@timohaavisto8491]

Multiverse being a fractal, is such nice and beautiful thing.

[@violenceisfun991]

Ti Hat Let's make a movie about Bill Cosby and call it A Touching Story

[@violenceisfun991]

I sodomise a cop a night

[@froop2393]

fractals are weired: kzbin.info/www/bejne/nXOcn2Wdfdh7hJY

[@alansmithee419]

@@violenceisfun991 OK you're worrying me now. I don't even think that's possible, much less legal.

[@jari2018]

not if its a shipwreck fractal which looks like dead sorrow universe like a graveyeard

[@mahaylabalentine9616]

"Hot dense expanding state." That's me when I eat spicy food.

[@ojtheviking]

Yeah, I experience a couple of big bangs after that myself.

[@tripsbacks]

I didn't understand any of this until I hit the bong. Now it all makes sense........man.

[@alandouglas2789]

As long as you define “pretty good idea” as “NO IDEA” then yeah I would agree with you on that one.

[@edit4310]

Fantastic. I remember mentioning inflatons and scalar fields in a video maybe 2 or 3 years ago now (I've forgotten, been following PBS since before Matt took over) and he mentioned in the following video that he would eventually "get to that" and I held him to it. Seems today's the day. Well played, Mr O'Dowd!

[@nonofyourbusiness7631]

"We dont know" is the only answer.

[@basemherzallah8852]

God almighty said (O company of jinn and mankind, if you are able to pass beyond the regions of the heavens and the earth, then pass. You will not pass except by authority [from Allah].) ( chapter 55: Verse 33) One of a lot of verses from holy Quran emphasize the fact that there is one God who created the all world .. Our lord told us by his words in Quran revealed to his massenger before 1440 years that humans will go to sky .. If you want to know truth of life read Quran you will find the truth . Quran is a book of signs not science but has a lot of science in it .. like big bang , couples of plants , how the life begining , creation of humans , expantion of the heaven and a lot of signs in different fields in science no any errors or contradictions .. Before judging you have to study and read .. no body can just say oh you are wrong based on wrong informations from media or ignorance and misunderstanding , God gave us brain, eyes, heart and ears so as to use them searching for the truth otherwise don't blame only your self in day of judgment day of acounts .

[@mubarakisonline]

Allah is the Creator of this Universe.. No doubt

[@namelezz1216]

@@basemherzallah8852 No, Muhammad, all the other religions also says the exact same thing, could you not say that a theory is the truth? Thanks.

[@basemherzallah8852]

@@namelezz1216 Islam is the only religion logical and rational without errors nor contradictions .. If somebody brings to me one error or one contradiction from 6236 verses then I swear I will leave Islam .. unlike other religions yes there are signs but there are a lot of contradictions .. Thanks for your comment.

[@JB-th9vz]

@@basemherzallah8852 what did allah create first the heavens or the earth?

[@Artoro18]

This is awesome. Still a bit confused about what was before the big bang though

[@socialscientistshiva3321]

Very great video

[@philippesantini2425]

I'm halfway through and simply want to comment that I appreciate the use of speculative terminology such as "could" and "might"...it goes a long way in allowing for civil & productive discussion/debate of the hypotheses. :)

[@feras5017]

It's just a fancy way to say "we don't know so here is an imaginary explanation"

[@philippesantini2425]

@@feras5017 meh...I see it more as a well articulated & thought out possible/plausible explanation, that has yet to be scientifically fully proven, as in by way of the scientific method & peer review process. To me, the qualifier "imaginary", would be better suited to the hypotheses that have yet to have any of their tenants/speculations/assumptions be proven, or at the very least, be "in line" with our current understanding.

[@ianalvord3903]

"ok, cool story bro" At least I understood that part!

[@ericbencusmagnusfabricius3499]

my mom said every big bang starts with a big bowl of chili con carne...aőgh... maybe the expansion never had a begining and its only accelerating from our perspective idk im dumb xd

[@Eerielai]

You always have the coolest t-shirts. :)

[@tonymahony2282]

um...2Min in, and I already need to look up so many words and phrases.

[@nochjemand]

I would undoubtably Not get his April fools joke.. He could even have been making up facts for the last year while i still silently Stare and nodd

[@YourBeingParanoid]

Why doesn't the sun have an equatorial bulge???

[@seriousthree6071]

What happens when physicists go on a mind induced trip with little or no way of testing.

[@Anonarchist]

All the stuff matches whats in my textbooks, but I can't be certain my textbooks weren't written by the same reptilians that write for PBS Space Time.

[@Anonarchist]

Philosophy.

[@Cabolt44]

@@Anonarchist Are people still going on about the Reptilian Overlords?

[@nunyabeeswax9463]

Im just a guy from East Tennessee, it sounds like y'all are proposing a perpetual motion phenomena. I was under the impression that's not plausible. Love the information.

[@mephostopheles3752]

I was thinking about looking up this very topic. Lo and behold, it pops up in my recommended feed! The KZbin algorithm somehow gets it right for once.

[@Dariocorral01]

When bubbles collide is my favorite Powerman 500 remake

[@otakuribo]

Ah yes, Powman 5K; brother of Robert Zambia

[@NIKN1]

Watching PBS Space Time for a long time and this is now one of my favorite episodes! Great idea, that requires and drives up a lot of imagination in different imaginative scenarios.(Had to watch it twice though :D) Thanks guys, keep it going!

[@d3g3n3r4t3]

But it's not imaginative to think maybe there was a creator?

[@narutohawke]

@@d3g3n3r4t3 No it'a not cus people just use it to explain everything. Disease? God. Lightning? God. Death, the sun rising and setting, you name it. Once we learn what causes something we inject a god into another mystery. There's nothing imaginative using the god cop-out for the umpteenth time

[@d3g3n3r4t3]

@@narutohawke u sound rediculous. Quite the straw man u tried to build there. People dont say that. Maybe in the past I guess? The point has always been that he created existence. So ya disease is god. Lightning is god. What I mean is no matter the physical reasons, the idea is it was designed like that by the creator. Many people in the past who were scientifically minded wernt stupid. There are plenty of them in the 17th 18th 19th centuries that progressed humanity and they didnt use the concept of the possibility of the creator to answer their scientific inquiries, they knew there was physical reasoning for it. They are saying it's like that because it's designed. What a ludicrous thing for u to say

[@narutohawke]

@@d3g3n3r4t3 well I'm sorry I was not trying to straw man you. I'm just saying people in general over the years have used god to explain something until they learned why/how something worked. When you think about how it was the explanation for practically everything at one point, it makes sense that one would consider that solution unimaginative. Also I'm not claiming anyone is dumb because they believe in a god. You could even believe in a god and still have a creative theory. The problem is just saying god did it doesn't get us anywhere and is not creative.

[@NIKN1]

​@@d3g3n3r4t3 , what is ridiculous? God is a solution to an incomplete pattern. Finding a pattern in all things in the universe and unifying them and their behavior in a complete theory is the way to understand it in some way. God is your solution to what? What is your understanding of god exactly? Is god a consciousness? Do you think of God as a creature? In my experience, as @Darwood Antoine said it could be an answer to every question you ask, until a scientist shows and gives you politically correct answer - "There is also another answer" , with its scientific translation : You're mistaken! My problem is not that I just think religion and belief in God is something bad.. But I do think, that there is a problem with explaining the "creation" with the cheat "creator"? I call it a cheat, because you aren't even trying to explain it - not at least at the level scientist are (really) trying to explain it. Its like "I'll not try to make sense of your pattern, because I don't wanna, I have belief". If the boundaries we've discovered in science were still at the scale of the solar system, are you sure that the full manifestation of your god wasn't going to be the Sun? Oh, but we discovered that the sun is not a first generation star. So stars like it are creations of larger and older stars. Yeah, those stars are its creators. Do they need consciousness. Does your creator need some kind of consciousness? Randomness and chaos in the universe,in its scales lead inevitably to some kind of structure. Is just the design about the universe chaos, entropy in different scales? So you're trying to assign a single creator - structure of order with god? Isn't it just because we are prone to finding structure because of our nature? Is it fair to assign it just to "the creator" and give it a human flavor?

[@yyediixiv9511]

The fact that anything and nothing had no beginning means parts of us have been through forever to actually form us which makes me stop worrying and happy because these parts know what forever is and they will continue the forever after i die and will create me again no matter what odds are there and i wont even sense the long time taken to do that

[@peterb9481]

LOL welcome back. Good episode.

[@ToastedFanArt]

You know what blows my mind the most... why is there anything at all? Surely the easiest thing would have been for nothing to exist AT ALL. Nothing EVER. A literal lack of anything would be simpler than all the crazy stuff that goes on. But yet here we are talking about it. The fact that anything exists at all will always be the weirdest thing to me.

[@mitchhale9692]

All the nothing that exists has noone in it to notice how perfectly normal the nothing is. Only the weird edge cases with something have anyone to notice how extraordinary there being something at all is.

[@rickwyant]

And we do exist. That’s why I believe in the multiverse, whatever made our universe couldn’t have been a unique event.

[@empyrionin]

We do not know if nothing existing is simpler than the Universe existing. Intuition tells us that, but physics intuition failed us completely at least since the 1920s.

[@yourguard4]

I would say "nothing" also means "no rules" (this makes it impossible to describe). So, there is no rule that forbids, that nothing can turn into something ;)

[@hybridwafer]

What blows my mind is that, given an infinite amount of time, anything that can happen, will happen, an infinite amount of times, and since I do not experience time while I do not exist, all that's left is my inevitable existence.

[@sisyphusvasilias3943]

Was that the first time in YT history that a Creator had a "wanted to have a quick word" that wasn't about a sponsor?

[@tomekdarda]

This! I soo expected just that sponsor message!

[@gavriloking5637]

Wrong. I am from the before when YT didn’t have ads. Yes, I know you don’t believe me but it is true.

[@LandoBando-pj5ox]

@@gavriloking5637 O ancient one spread your knowledge

[@lindseypalmer7314]

I just keep watching these videos hoping I’ll understand eventually

[@KartikPatel-nt4ff]

😮😮😮well information good show 😅

[@DhakaiyaHunter]

I would be lying if I say, I understand this whole thing...

[@mk-oe8yx]

Hahaha

[@jdbarr769]

Its all lies.

[@lallepot]

I lie :D

[@sdwone]

Interesting stuff... Totally way out there! I wonder how all of this ties up with the Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics??? An infinite number of infinitely inflating bubble universes should surely be enough to encompass such ideas...

[@dracolique]

@@jdbarr769 It's all speculative, but that doesn't make it "lies"... unless you in your infinite wisdom know the absolute truth and would like to share it with the class?

[@Thomass7878]

I love watching and learning from this channel I love how it goes just enough in depth and explains fairly simple terms what they are talking about. My question is, doesn’t there have to be a start? The universe can be eternal and forever, but won’t there still be a start?

[@agimasoschandir]

I think the usual reply to there being a start is because time goes in one direction. In the math, time can go either way, yet it is not perceived by us doing so. See Sean Carroll's explanation of time's arrow. This idea would still allow for an eternal creation of universes

[@Basilisk4119]

I usually use the 'under 4 min duration' filter but every so often I'll come out of hiding and watch one of these videos

[@nishantgopal]

Nice of PBS to make a documentary for particle physicists.

[@bareknuckles2u]

The Homer voice in my head is saying "just tell me what happened before the big bang!"

[@dbroers]

nobody: the universe:

[@fvckinfool101]

dbroers I guess that makes sense considering nobody was around before the universe silently banged.

[@lesadams647]

As I haven't a single clue, I'll say "Before the Big Bang was the Big Fizz (somebody lit a fuse)

[@husnainanwaar1992]

Nobody: Humans: bang

[@greenanubis]

This time it was REALLY nobody.

[@muttput]

Nobody and nothing will never make a bang or anything else for that matter. It takes something to make something.

[@chrismcgarry3160]

8:24 That "Eternally Inflating Larger Universe" Animation is Mind-blowing!

[@shaneearle5912]

I never liked this stuff in school and after watching this I really wish I paid attention this stuff is so cool

[@Booga300]

Clicked that notification so fast, nearly broke my thumb.

[@djpickle68]

First 2K views!

[@anthonymorford8804]

Clicked it so fast I broke my thumb before I clicked it

[@greengrub1]

I swear best physics/universe channel EVER! Been watching for like a year now

[@clifflivingstone8441]

check out Anton Petrov- What da math; he publishes something this interesting everyday

[@dankhank8569]

I've been watching about 3 years.can't remember if I was watching before Gabe left but I love the old videos. Ive also been watching Anton petrov and dreksler astral for a few years. Frazier Cain too and of course scishow space and crash course astronomy.

[@shockedguy2382]

I don't really get his but its a feast to watch I can't resist..

[@mark-o-man6603]

Me: interesting My brain 20secs in: good night, bro. Wake me up when you go back to funny cat videos

[@novakastmusic]

Everybody gangsta till the Universes start poppin

[@fademusic1980]

Real talk

[@diddycfc8783]

Yeah bros finna talk real talk but lil uni jump and yall keep quiet?

[@rancidbeef582]

This channel is starting to sound more and more like a Star Trek Next Generation episode. All we need now are some subspace fields. And tachyons.

[@KhangNguyen1]

Tim Thompson agree...

[@temsik28]

Agree. Also needs more Q. That would be fun to see him explain.

[@mvmlego1212]

Ooh, the haggis is in the fire now!

[@fivish]

Its science fiction as he has no facts just some maths.

[@richie1326]

It'll never be like star trek until it has well endowed women in *very* tight jumpsuits.... 😂

[@gary6514]

So....what happened before the Big Bang? 13 minutes and 50 seconds later. So...what happened before the Big Bang?

[@BilalAhmed-oe5ew]

Clicked on video Hopping to knw abut universe b4 bigbang. . . Watched the full video. . . . Ended up thinking WHO Is ThAT 'SUP' guy on ur Tshirt. Thank You

[@UmeshPatil-mm6ko]

The Big Foreplay. Duh.

[@adolfodef]

Now that you mention it... the re-heating of the universe sounds like an orgasm. -> The false vacuum of the inflaton field would be proper stimulation . . .

[@BaldmanB]

You win my days session on the internet... Well done 👏👏👏 😎👌

[@stefanb6539]

@@adolfodef I don't know, the words "reheating" and "microwave" gave me a far less romantic impression, that ends with a "Bing!" rather than a "Bang", and the smell of something, that is supposed to be food.

[@doggonemess1]

1:27 I was expecting "...in an eternally inflating - SPACETIME". It felt like the end of the episode and I was thinking "Wait, that was quick."

[@z00mer]

30 seconds in…. Restart….. 40 seconds in…. Restart….. 1 hour later. Now I get it. This is awesome!

[@lastprophet9904]

Makes perfect sense.