What is a CPU? History of CPU? Different Parts of CPU? What Does a CPU Do?CPU TYPES?

The full form of CPU is Central Processing Unit . It is a brain of the computer. All types of data processing operations and all the important functions of a computer are performed by the CPU. It helps input and output devices to communicate with each other and perform their respective operations. It also stores data which is input, intermediate results in between processing, and instructions.
What is a CPU?
A Central Processing Unit is the most important component of a computer system. A CPU is a hardware that performs data input/output, processing and storage functions for a computer system. A CPU can be installed into a CPU socket. These sockets are generally located on the motherboard. CPU can perform various data processing operations. CPU can store data, instructions, programs, and intermediate results.
History of CPU
Since 1823, when Baron Jons Jakob Berzelius discovered silicon, which is still the primary component used in the manufacture of CPUs today, the history of the CPU has experienced numerous significant turning points. The first transistor was created by John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley in December 1947. in 1958, the first working integrated circuit was built by Robert Noyce and Jack Kilby.
The Intel 4004 was the company’s first microprocessor, which it unveiled in 1971. Ted Hoff’s assistance was needed for this. When Intel released its 8008 CPU in 1972, Intel 8086 in 1976, and Intel 8088 in June 1979, it contributed to yet another win. The Motorola 68000, a 16/32-bit processor, was also released in 1979. The Sun also unveiled the SPARC CPU in 1987. AMD unveiled the AM386 CPU series in March 1991.
In January 1999, Intel introduced the Celeron 366 MHZ and 400 MHz processors. AMD back in April 2005 with it’s first dual-core processor. Intel also introduced the Core 2 Dual processor in 2006. Intel released the first Core i5 desktop processor with four cores in September 2009.
In January 2010, Intel released other processors like Core 2 Quad processor Q9500, the first Core i3 and i5 mobile processors, first Core i3 and i5 desktop processors.
In June 2017, Intel released Core i9 desktop processor, and Intel introduced its first Core i9 mobile processor In April 2018.
Different Parts of CPU
Now, the CPU consists of 3 major units, which are:
Memory or Storage Unit
Control Unit
ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit)
Let us now look at the block diagram of the computer:

Here, in this diagram, the three major components are also shown. So, let us discuss these major components:
Memory or Storage Unit
As the name suggests this unit can store instructions, data, and intermediate results. The memory unit is responsible for transferring information to other units of the computer when needed. It is also known as an internal storage unit or the main memory or the primary storage or Random Access Memory (RAM) as all these are storage devices.
Its size affects speed, power, and performance. There are two types of memory in the computer, which are primary memory and secondary memory. Some main functions of memory units are listed below:
Data and instructions are stored in memory units which are required for processing.
It also stores the intermediate results of any calculation or task when they are in process.
The final results of processing are stored in the memory units before these results are released to an output device for giving the output to the user.
All sorts of inputs and outputs are transmitted through the memory unit.
Control Unit
As the name suggests, a control unit controls the operations of all parts of the computer but it does not carry out any data processing operations. For executing already stored instructions, It instructs the computer by using the electrical signals to instruct the computer system. It takes instructions from the memory unit and then decodes the instructions after that it executes those instructions. So, it controls the functioning of the computer. It’s main task is to maintain the flow of information across the processor. Some main functions of the control unit are listed below:
Controlling of data and transfer of data and instructions is done by the control unit among other parts of the computer.
The control unit is responsible for managing all the units of the computer.
The main task of the control unit is to obtain the instructions or data which is input from the memory unit, interprets them, and then directs the operation of the computer according to that.
The control unit is responsible for communication with Input and output devices for the transfer of data or results from memory.
The control unit is not responsible for the processing of data or storing data.
ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) is responsible for performing arithmetic and logical functions or operations. It consists of two subsections, which are:
Arithmetic Section
Logic Section