What is a Stepper Motor and How it Works?

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✅ Check out the full blog post over at realpars.com/stepper-motor/
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Have you ever thought about how a robotic arm moves with precision or how graphic printers create accurate replications of images, or how consumable products are moved precisely around a plant floor or any other type of motion control positioning system?
With this lesson and others to follow you will learn about motion control using different types of motors available, primarily stepper and servo motors.
Selecting between a servo motor and a stepper motor can be quite a challenge with the balancing of several design factors in cost considerations, torque, speed, acceleration, and drive circuitry all play an important role in selecting the best motor for your application.
In this lesson we will discuss what a stepper motor is and how it works, so let’s first determine what a stepper motor is and examine some unique features of a stepper motor.
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[@jacobcamenzind6365]

This is absurdly well-explained and concise.

[@realpars]

Hi Jacob, Thanks a lot for your kind compliment! We are always extremely happy to hear such positive feedback! If you ever have any questions, feel free to reach out to us. Happy learning!

[@mohamedatef3526]

This is the best video explaining the stepper motor so far. Thanks a million.

[@realpars]

Glad you liked it!

[@cck0728]

One of the best explanation on KZbin. Good work.

[@realpars]

Thanks a million! Glad to hear that.

[@trentbrisket1159]

Is anyone else watching this after seeing the stepper motor music videos? Because if you haven't seen that yet you need to check it out

[@otabektillavayev3309]

Thanks of millions for very good lesson

[@tuphi1313]

Perfect introduction. Thank you!

[@realpars]

Thanks a lot!

[@ardentdfender4116]

Wow, great video. Have never heard of these motors before that I can remember, though it certainly don’t mean I didn’t unknowingly ever saw one and just didn’t know. I’m sure I have. Damn great detail animation in explanation for really precise movements.

[@realpars]

Thanks a lot for your support, Ardent! We appreciate your kind and insightful comments! Happy learning.

[@mido222100]

The best video I watched about stepper motors.

[@realpars]

That's an amazing compliment! Thanks for sharing.

[@shaikmasrath2332]

Thank you so much I have my semester afternoon, as I have a chapter on this I got a clear view Lots of love from india❤ If you ever come India let me know sir🫶

[@realpars]

You're very welcome! Glad to hear that.

[@jakubhavlicek1155]

Another great one. Thanks for creating these videos. Can't wait for servo motor video.

[@realpars]

Thanks for the feedback! :)

[@SimplyEmbedded]

I liked the illustration in the video on the topic. Great job! Excited to see more videos!

[@realpars]

Thanks for taking the time and giving us your feedback. :)

[@leonardotavares7880]

Perfect explanation of how does it works, congrats.

[@realpars]

Thanks, Leonardo!

[@ekoaris]

Thanks for the good video explanation. I can use it in my class 👍

[@realpars]

You're very welcome!

[@ayeshkodikara5093]

perfect presentation. love from Sri Lanka. thank you

[@realpars]

Thank you so much!

[@abdulwajid3584]

Hello Sir.... Is there any difference between the rotation step angle and the pulses given from controller? From controller we are giving 5000 or 10000 and so on pulses for single rotation, and can stop the stepper in any pulses, but how it relates with the steps if we are using PLC?

[@realpars]

Typically, for a robotic installation, you will use a motion controller to manipulate the robot position. While you could use a standard PLC, this is not often done. The use of a PLC is usually for setting a motion mode and letting a dedicated robot controller control the fine motions of the equipment. That said, some PLC's can be used effectively in a supervisory mode, and some can be outfitted with special interfaces, I/O cards, or instructions that allow for precise motion control in several axes or to the high precision you mention.

[@vat_1989]

Beautifully explained

[@realpars]

Thanks for your support!

[@sushilgharat7823]

Thank you so much... Pls increase video upload frequency... We are waiting for ur much needed and helpful engineering videos..

[@realpars]

You're very welcome! For now, we're creating and uploading a video per week.

[@mochamedic9572]

Excellent presentation

[@realpars]

Thanks a lot, Saadiq!

[@sandipmane3082]

Excellent explanation! Great job!!

[@realpars]

Thank you, Sandip! Happy learning.

[@Erreul]

0:05 Right of the bat, whole reason I clicked, I have a feeling I'm going to get a very good answer.

[@realpars]

Amazing! Feel free to leave us any questions if anything is unclear.

[@Erreul]

@@realpars Nah dude, clear, encompassed nuance and function, straight forward explanation, well made and easily followed diagrams. You answered any question I had before and questions I came up during, I’ve only seen this video, but if this is the level, depth, and educational merits in your other videos then you are, over my years of watching passing interests, one of the most absolute excellent channels and teachers I have had the pleasure of watching and listening to, and I am not one to just toss out praise like candy, thank you for the time on this one, it actually made me draw up my own plans for the first time ever.

[@ele4853]

Great video! What do you call a stepper motor that has 3 coils? I am trying to find a driver for it with no success. Thanks in advance

[@schnibie1991]

Thank you, but how does it control the direction? So how does it know if it should go ccw or cw?

[@realpars]

Hi there, Thank you for your question! As stated in the 4:45 to 5:37 Minutes, we activate and deactivate the electrical magnets to make it go CW or CCW depending on how the program is written. There are usually sensors outside the motor to notify the PLC the robot, for example, has reached the desired position or motor-driven device. Hope this helps!

[@doaaahmed9730]

Amazing explanation, thank u so much❤❤❤❤❤

[@realpars]

Glad it was helpful!

[@ShubhamSharma-zb9uh]

Excellent video

[@realpars]

Thanks a lot, Shubham!

[@bassamsalam4938]

Thank you

[@realpars]

You're very welcome!

[@jagadeeshanarve5667]

Thats just fantastic. But is it that the number of Electro magnets will be always 4 in a stepper motor

[@ajithgeorge2672]

why does the rotor teeth with 200 steps goes only clockwise when the coil is energized ? In my opinion, the 2 north poles each in the left and right have equal magnetic attraction ? Then why does it not go anticlockwise ?

[@wgastreich]

Hello Ajith George: The stepper can in fact move counterclockwise CCW or clockwise CW depending on the polarization of the stator. If you are able please provide the minute timer of the video to allow me to be more specific. Thank you for your question.

[@ProGamer2017]

Thanks

[@fredjohnson4214]

Very Informative, cheers

[@realpars]

Thank you, Fred!

[@stanpolk8422]

Thank you, it would be nice if you also showed how it goes in the opposite direction.

[@realpars]

If you swipe two phases of a 3-phase motor, the rotation direction will be reversed. We have a video in our course library that goes more into the details of this. You can watch the video here realpars.vhx.tv/videos/74-cw-and-ccw-rotations-normal-mode if you are a subscriber already.

[@Sunpixelvideo]

There are more than 4 windings in the stator. Generally you need to make four steps in a sequence over and over to move in one direction. If you reverse that sequence, it will run in reverse.

[@anilsarode6164]

Simply great ...

[@retnokusniyawati3755]

Great video, tq

[@rimka11]

Why not to energize both pairs of coils but to opposite polarity?

[@realpars]

You would end up with the magnetic fields fighting each other and would lose the resolution of the stepper. The motor positioning requires the precise control of the magnetic field to move the shaft in small increments.

[@yasirpunathil7143]

Loved all your videos so far, amazing, thanks alot. Love and regards from India.

[@realpars]

Great to hear your support, Yasir! Thank you!

[@javierferrer4634]

Nice video! Thank you.

[@realpars]

You're welcome Javier!

[@muhammedshan6012]

Please make video about SRM

[@realpars]

Thanks for the topic suggestion, Muhammed! I will definitely go ahead and forward this to our creator team. Happy learning!

[@engrbaqar4823]

Good job sir 👍.... Please make a video about hydraulic Governor system... Thanks

[@realpars]

Thanks a lot! Thanks again for the topic suggestion, I will pass it on to our creator team.

[@dog_info]

Yes make video on hydraulic governor system

[@akhila838]

Good video bro really helpful 🔥🔥

[@realpars]

Amazing, we're happy to hear that, Akhil!

[@sivas1908]

Very nice video brother 😘😘😘

[@renegadeflower575]

Anyone who dislikes this video must have had a few drinks.

[@majidsedighi5816]

perfect, keep it up

[@realpars]

Thank you, Majid!

[@TheKash40]

It was an awesome video very easy to understand thumbs up for good work 👍

[@realpars]

Thanks! :)

[@raghurao6797]

Sir make a video on how to calculate pulse per revolution

[@realpars]

Thanks for the topic suggestion, Raghu. I will definitely go ahead and forward this to our creator team. Happy learning!

[@medjkouneabdelkader8429]

salut merci bc pour vos cours ils sont super mais svp est ce que vous pouvez mettre des exemples de programmation plus complexe merci bien

[@agnaldosantana6130]

Muito bom os videos aqui visto,..Depois de adquirir o curso eu consigo visualizar o mesmo no idioma de meu pais?"Portugues"

[@EletricistaEmBrasilia]

great

[@oktaytekin4560]

This is wonderfull. We watched my soon together.

[@realpars]

That's lovely that both of you can enjoy our course videos! Happy learning.

[@darbarisid]

Nice!

[@realpars]

Thank you!

[@haisridhar10]

nice explanation..

[@realpars]

Thank you!

[@eng.alafya3340]

Great , keep going

[@randiahmed860]

Very nice job thank you and go ahead ♡

[@realpars]

Thanks for watching! :)

[@bunnandjenn9405]

Thanks.

[@realpars]

You are welcome, Bunnath!

[@dog_info]

Wonderful video with lots of knowledge #AasavaBrothers

[@realpars]

Great to hear that! Thanks for sharing.

[@DA-jw6nm]

OK. Now explain how it rotates CCW.

[@mubeejemal7684]

I liked ur video very much

[@realpars]

Great to hear that, Mubee! Thank you!

[@duylinhvu2530]

tkank you!

[@realpars]

You are welcome!

[@chickenclips]

stepper motors can be used for anything. And I mean anything

[@ehabahmed615]

excuse me, where is the servo motor's video ?

[@realpars]

The servo motor video will be published in a few weeks.