What is Dynamic Range? - Video Tech Explained

More about log correction: • How to Correct Log Foo...
More about gamma curves: • What is Gamma Correcti...
More about RAW: • What is RAW? - Video T...
== Navigation ==
00:00 Opening
01:17 The Basics
03:00 The Impact of Sensor Design
05:27 Why Dynamic Range Varies Between Cameras
06:42 The Measurement Problem
09:49 The Impact of Gamma Curves
11:39 The Impact of ISO
13:47 Closing
== Links ==
Join the official VTE Discord server: / discord
Support me: / videotechexplained
My portfolio: camoncrocker.com

[@rishabhlaheja7689]

The best guy on the internet explaining camera tech and videography! 🤞 Keep making more videos!

[@user-ny9se4mu6l]

agree

[@pataspatas88]

big time

[@rankarajendra91]

Agree

[@user-un8yc2xq3j]

You bet! 110%

[@FloppyFish]

This Channel most definitely deserves more recognition for it's quality.

[@hadriscus]

How do you have so little views ? You're hella good, and you're producing it like a show too, with narration and all. Mad props, don't stop !

[@JeffBourke]

you need the camera cartel to get behind a channel to give early access for "reviews" etc etc to get big.

[@N-DOP]

WOW! I was fascinated from the very pleasing intro till the end of this video. You've explained everything very detailed and at the same time comprehendible. Nice work.

[@pataspatas88]

I work on video production for years already. And I did not attend to formal education. So there is plenty of gaps on my knowledge. Your videos do fill them and help me a lot to understand what am I doing. Thanks a lot! Keep up!

[@JohnFMFilms]

Cleared up so much for me, thank you!

[@wadesmith666]

Camon cheer mate, that helped a lot. I feel better already😁

[@AlexUdilov]

Bravo, thx so for your videos Camon!

[@rousedvideo3380]

Great Job, great chanel, you started something new and very interesting way !

[@Quesbe]

There is a way to improve the dynamic range without buying a new camera: taking the same photo with multiple exposure settings! By taking an underexposed, normal exposed and overexposed picture, and combining them with some processing, you can improve the dynamic range by quite a lot. A lot of phone camera apps offer this option. However, it will not look as good as an actual better sensor, but it can really help. Also, your channel is such an hidden gem!

[@faming1144]

In fact some camera's offer this option. E.g. Lumix has a setting HDR and will take some rapid different exposures and combine them into one shot all within a second at just the release of the shutter button. You better use a tripod though and there should be no movement in the frame.

[@afs8491]

I believe in this specific case he was explaining video dynamic range between RAW and LOG footage.

[@TaeeDaProducer]

Perfectly Explained

[@finalcutstudio1]

Another excellent video Camon. Great getting some valuable info from you too after watching your amazing video on Colour Management. Loved that one! This one is great too! Very well explained. And I'd love to see you produce a video on RAW vs Baked video footage. And how to get the most (eg, exposure, picture profiles etc) from mirrorless cameras such as Sony A7s mk2, mk3 for video, and specifically the benefits of shooting RAW (Log) versus In Camera Cine profiles (Baked). And then how to get the most out of the footage in post. So many people do not shoot raw video (S-Log, C-Log, N-Log etc) that it would be fantastic to see your expertise on NON RAW video shooting. There are loads of videos on KZbin about shooting RAW/Log format but almost none on shooting in 'Baked' picture profiles, which seems crazy considering it is the favoured format involving less post production time. :-)

[@user-vf2lx5eo6p]

Thanks!

[@manojtech94]

Nice bro full support

[@disconnection7]

I really like the intro song

[@urvishchaudhari94]

Do the shifting of dynamic range with respect to middle gray only change by changing iso ? Or Can we still keep the iso same as base iso and get more dynamic range in highlights by changing other exposure controls like f stop/ nd ?

[@VideoTechExplained]

It's a bit nuanced, but essentially yes. Basically, changing ISO shifts the dynamic range relative to the file being recorded (the noise floor will be recorded at a higher level that it would otherwise) while changing your exposure via aperture or ND shifts the values of the scene up or down before the camera's processing gets involved

[@skymakai]

Always love your videos! One correction... ISO does matter when shooting raw with some cameras. With the Sony A7S3, native ISO is needed in order to have the lowest noise floor, even in (Prores) raw. Also, what is "Vout" when describing the well capacity of a photosite? Is it supposed to say "Voltage"?

[@VideoTechExplained]

Interesting. I know that shooting above the native ISO will push the noise floor closer to middle grey, but the point I was trying to make was that theoretically you should gain an equivalent amount of dynamic range in the highlights, so the midtones do get noisier but you have the same total dynamic range. I do know for certain this is the case in some RAW formats like Redcode RAW and ARRIRAW, though I suppose it's possible ProRes RAW has a different implementation which causes highlights to still clip prematurely. I don't have a Ninja V so I can't test ProRes RAW myself, but I'd be interested to see the results if you were willing to test it. By my understanding, if you push the ISO by one stop in camera, and then lower the exposure by 1 stop in post, the result should be identical to shooting at the native ISO originally. That's how it works in other formats, though I'd be interested to find out if ProRes RAW is the same. As for the "Vout" label, that's just a habit carried over from my electrical engineering classes. It's a common shorthand for "Output Voltage"

[@saikatchattopadhyay8263]

Cameras aren’t ISO invariant,there are some videos in Photography channels that can clear the idea. However, if you are using ETTR method then only increasing 1 stop and compensating a stop in post won’t be noticeable but it will be noticeable when go beyond limit , like 5-6 stops over/under exposing in camera and compensating in post. Also in Log encoded image a single gamma curve is not used that’s why it is log-encoded and not Gamma-encoded , a pseudo-log encoded image has more than one Gamma curves. Finally ,ISO is set properly on set to view it properly even while recording raw because we cannot view raw directly and only see a debayered YUV image.

[@VideoTechExplained]

@@saikatchattopadhyay8263 First of all, thank you for the reply. The goal of this channel is to help people learn, including myself! When discussing ISO in the context of RAW, I think the main point of confusion relates to how different RAW implementations handle ISO in slightly different ways. Some implementations apply ISO in-camera using the analog amplifier, in which case you would be right that the system is not ISO invariant. However, many RAW implementations do not actually amplify the signal off the sensor when the ISO is changed in camera. Instead, the RAW image is always captured with no amplification, and the ISO is applied digitally in post. So it doesn't matter if you shoot at 800 ISO or 3200 ISO in camera, the RAW data will be identical. The only thing that changes is the metadata. So in these sorts of RAW systems, you don't lose any dynamic range when changing ISO. Yes, if you shoot with a high ISO the image will be noisy since you've chosen to map the middle grey point close to the noise floor, but your total dynamic range will be identical since you gain the same amount in the highlights. I know for certain that Redcode RAW and Blackmagic RAW work this way, and I'm fairly certain ARRIRAW does as well though I couldn't find confirmation on that. What I did get wrong in the video was that I failed to mention that not ALL RAW formats work in this manner. Canon RAW Light has been known to have issues with changing ISO in post, and I haven't been able to get any good information on how ProRes RAW handles ISO. My point wasn't that ISO doesn't matter in RAW, because it clearly still does. My point was that if you're shooting in a RAW format which applies ISO in post then there isn't really a penalty to accidentally shooting at a higher ISO than you intended to, as long as you aren't underexposed. I did fail to mention that not all RAW formats are necessarily ISO-agnostic, but it is certainly the norm.

[@saikatchattopadhyay8263]

I am not saying you mentioned something incorrect ,I just extended the comment while reading. There was nothing wrong and I have been following your channel for long time. All the videos are very informative and well-articulated . Glad that you have taken the initiative to explain this technical side which most people are afraid to talk about. Keep Growing 🙌

[@VideoTechExplained]

@@saikatchattopadhyay8263 No worries! I just wanted to clarify what I was saying in case I was wrong

[@sushilskolia]

Mannn…. This youtube needs some serious changes to bring up great creators like you to more people’s home page. Nowadays my hime page is filled with pathetic sponsored videos and such crap…. Good to find a channel like yours….. totally obsessed😮

[@WeekdayJones]

Rec. 2020 is SDR, you mean to say Rec. 2100 lol

[@tommyharris5817]

WASTE OF TIME