What is the range of a handheld ham radio?

The range of handheld ham radios like Baofeng UV-5r and Kenwood TH-D74 can be a few miles or around the world. I discuss what impacts range and how hams extend the range of handhelds. I also make a contact.
My 64 mile radio to radio contact video: • 64 Mile, Summit to Sum...
My Echolink demonstration video: • Baofeng UV-5R ham radi...
Products used in the video:
Baofeng UV-5r: amzn.to/3cHR5gC
Kenwood TH-D74 amzn.to/39Y9fsG
Diamond SRJ77CA for Kenwood: amzn.to/3b0aYPp
Diamond SRJ77CA for Baofeng: amzn.to/2JVd47h
Mag mount antenna (you will need adapter for your handheld): amzn.to/2ViOORL
As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.

[@DanielOrtegoUSA]

Been wanting to get into HAM for years! Signed up for the online classes, purchased the charts, pre-test; the whole 9 yards. For whatever reason, life got in the way. This video inspired me to try again, thanks for posting.

[@bobsradio6025]

There are many, many factors that determine the usable range. The contact I made that was farther away than any other of my HT contacts was done with a 1 Watt HT with a rubber duck antenna. Several years ago, during a peak in the 11 year sunspot cycle, I made a contact from California to Maryland. I was in my office in Mountain View using an Icom IC3-AT 220 MHz HT. I went through a repeater on a mountain above San Jose, that had a remote base on 10 Meters. The remote base was on 29.6 MHz, put out 100 Watts and was using an omni antenna. The guy in Maryland was putting 50 Watts into a beam antenna. The contact was NOT short, and after I signed off several other guys came up to talk to the guy in Maryland. This did NOT require Echo Link or any other internet assistance. It was just a typical ham repeater with a battery backup and a phone patch for emergency situations. I have NEVER heard anyone call "CQ" on 2 Meters or any band higher than HF. The standard procedure that I am familiar with is giving your callsign and then saying the word "monitoring."

[@pkolodgy]

Brian every once in a while you come across somebody who’s doing great amateur KZbin videos. Good audio & video sensible, down to earth, real thank you very much keep up the good work. I have learned a lot during pandemic about ham which I have wanted to understand etc. for many years.

[@HamRadioInAction]

Thanks, will do!

[@NathanCorleone]

Your turning out these videos like a factory! Keep it up, love the content

Nice Kenwood radio 👍

[@robinj.9329]

The "Range" depends on many different factors. With my HT set at one watt, but connected to an outside, rooftop antenna, I've gotten many extra miles! And if your using a "Beam" antenna? INCREDIBLE!

[@Kp-tg9fl]

I just subscribed to your channel, and wanted to thank you for your great videos, and for explaining ham operation in a way I can actually understand. My brother and I are wanting to get our licenses, but a lot of the videos out there can be very confusing, and I end up getting discouraged pretty quickly. Your videos are helping to curb that feeling, and I appreciate that very much sir. Thanks, and keep up the good work!

[@xavymateo6908]

Try to make a contact simplex

[@jesus51491yt]

Im currently studying for my amateur license. I also try and read/watch as much information as possible and by far I enjoy these videos the most. Not pretentious videos assuming my knowledge level, you break it down so even a noob can understand and I appreciate it. Keep it up!

[@longrider42]

Not bad, as a licensed Ham, who mostly does HT's, I like how you talked about the variables of range. When I got my first Baofeng, I was told to get a better antenna, and this still holds today. I don't care how much your radio costs, upgrade the antenna for better use. I have even rigged my bike with a external antenna and I use the TYT UV8000E 10 watt HT, and hes its ten watts on one frequency. Plus last year I got into DMR, very interesting. 73's stay safe and warm.

[@ynotjf]

Informative and friendly, well done.

[@andygrew4832]

I really enjoy your videos. They break down sometimes complicated topics in a simple way for new hams like myself. Thank you.

[@HamRadioInAction]

Glad you like them!

[@9cgx]

Between your channel, HOSHNASI, and Ham Radio 2.0 I am addicted and excited to get my first radio and get started in the hobby. Thanks for all your videos. I have recommended your channel to quite a few of my friends. Thanks again for the content!

[@rilopez825]

I have a jeep club and have directed 15 members to watch this very informative video. This Video goes really well with the Technician study guides. All the members have passed the Technician test.

[@HamRadioInAction]

Thanks for sharing the video, glad you found it informative.

[@filianablanxart8305]

Next ,you will get the members of your Electronic Club to get 4 x 4's .

[@rilopez825]

@@filianablanxart8305 I tried but no go! Lol they prefer 4 by E

[@andygrew4832]

I really enjoy your videos. Just studying to get my technician license so I learn a lot from them, thank you.

[@Jason-Smith1]

I FINALLY found that answer to the questions I was looking for! Thank you!

[@kleetus88]

your content is very positive and encouraging, I always learn something new. thanks for your efforts.

[@rilopez825]

I found this video during the middle of my Studies. It was super informative and actually helped me understand what I was reading in action. I really appreciate your approach to Ham Radio on KZbin. Thank you. I'm now a New Ham Technician.

[@HamRadioInAction]

Glad you enjoyed it.

[@stuartmccloud307]

I learnt such a lot from this very simple and straightforward video. Thanks so much, from the UK :)

[@normchristopherson5799]

Great content delivered with easy to follow, clear instruction. Thanks much for all your videos.

[@turtlecreek4633]

I have a mobile 2M Yaesu set up in my basement, connected to an external mounted copper Jpole. I need to learn the digital function. Your videos really do help me figure this stuff out. Thanks again Brian. 73; W3RRM

[@stanislavsannikov2258]

Thank you ! I am just getting into the topic and you been very helpful !

[@DanConwayFairfaxVa]

Great video, efficient, informative, no BS. thanks

[@stephenwilliams5201]

Just got my new DM-5R. WILL HAVE TO set down and read the book and learn all the bits and bobs about it. (Wife gone 25 years had to be mom and dad) famly first. Now I learn more of ham radio.Tks Fer your missives. Kv4li.

[@robertewbank1440]

Luv your video you get to the point with extra points

[@joeframo3347]

Thank you for taking the time and doing his video for people that are not familiar with amateur radio I think you gave a great presentation and I appreciate it I subscribed to your channel thank you again 👍🌞👍

[@pstgh]

Thanks for doing that Brian- good stuff!

[@ADRIAN65078]

Maaaan, this is sooooo AWESOME!!!! I was always into Ham since I was a kid when my grand father gave me his old Johnson CB and realistic radio...I was all in! lol Im going to get back into Ham Radio and get myself a nice base station or hand held. Radio was my first passion!

[@newsigmundfreud3023]

*Clarifying and helpful video.* Thank you.

[@lamh5265]

Good clarity for beginners. Thanks.

[@richardackerman6151]

I am glad I chose to watch your video. I'm a new HAM and I needed to learn how you talk. I don't know watch all the codes are like 73's and CQ CQ CQ. Thanks from Yucaipa, Calizuela.

[@stevetaylor8446]

Very well explained mate, no waffling, put in simple terms for anyone to understand, including myself that isn't licenced. Enjoyed this video, even though I use my ones as you would your licence free ones there, only using a bit more than the allowed power and with a changeable antenna. Thoroughly enjoyed your video, subscribing as soon as I've written this. 73 from 26DD901 Kent/SE London

[@casquee]

Great content, you explained all very well, thanks for sharing!

[@ec2749]

Great video. Great topic. Great presentation. 👏

[@HamRadioInAction]

Glad you enjoyed it!

[@upgradetiger]

Great video. Thank you for the valuable information. Definitely worth a subscription 👍

[@anugroho1174]

exactly the explanation i was looking for

[@CanadianDrifter777]

Excellent video, thanks! I checked into a ham net with my FT 60, Comet 24 whip with a rat's tail that is 97 miles away across the Georgia straight from Vancouver to a mountain repeater on Vancouver Island in BC, Canada. My signal was very weak but readable. It's all about line of sight. 73 to all!

[@celsopinheiro]

Great video. Thank you!

[@albertshilton5336]

Love your videos. Thanks

[@matthutson880]

Great info! Thank you from a new guy.

[@frankpeck1448]

Thanks again...very helpful!

[@oscaropont]

Pretty informative video.

[@loujohnson6143]

Thank you for getting to the point.

[@michaelruther9175]

Good talk about short range radio.

[@styrenereplicas53]

Another great video Brian. I’m enjoying watching more and more YT videos as they’re making more sense the more I study. I’m consistently scoring in the mid-high 80’s on practice Technicians tests. Once I ramp the scores into the 90’s I’ll start studying for the General test with hopes to take both the same day as soon as tests resume. Thanks again, Dave

[@seonewport363]

very informative , thanks ! :)

[@snotrucker4416]

Great video. I use a uv-5r my best so for on simplex is 35 miles on 1watt. Great little radio n battery life..

[@ajsenior9525]

Excellent presentation, very informative. Thank you for taking the time to make these videos KN4CGE...Countryside, IL

[@zeddzhou5996]

Like your vids so much

[@truemopar]

Very helpful thank you.

[@johnwest7993]

I've done real well with an HT from up on the Peak to Peak Highway outside of town. It's overlooking the CO high plains from over 9,000 feet. I have a good mag-mount antenna on the van roof and plug my HT into it. Works great. Nothing beats altitude except skip.

[@Onebite11]

Interesting, I dabbling in this I have a few radios just like those for business Very Informative Thanks

[@rickycruz7446]

Hey Brian, pleasure watching your videos. Is there a way you can recommend some tech I can use to communicate 30 miles range in case power grid goes down. Thank you.

[@ramboshar5747]

your amazing and very clear

[@GeorgiaBoyJake]

Just looked you up on QRZ and noticed you in Atlanta. Hello from the Dalton area!! -KM4SIG

[@josephroblesjr.8944]

2 days into studying and I’m consistently passing practice tests for my license! Can’t wait to text for it!

[@HamRadioInAction]

good luck!

[@wingrider1004]

Good vid...thanks!

[@shandybrandy5407]

Hi Brian! Really love all your info-loaded videos on Ham radio and appreciate such hard work. So long I was of the opinion that the 2-metres band was silent and so was contemplating to purchase the FT857. But now after watching your video it seems to be very interesting. Can you please let me know whether a Slim Jim or a Roll-up J-pole antenna is more effective and advantages as well as disadvantages. Two months ago I had qualified for my ham exam, but apparently due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, processing of my licence is getting delayed. Stay blessed, stay safe! 73

[@HamRadioInAction]

That's a shame that your license is delayed. Hopefully not too much longer. I could be wrong here, but it seems the roll-up antenna I use in this video is called both roll up J-pole and SlimJim. It should give you better performance than any rubber duck mounted on the radio. There are plans on the internet to make one, it does not look too tough. I bought mine on ebay because to buy all the materials to make it would have cost more than buying it pre-made.

[@jameslochridge4265]

With a Cobra Nightwatch 40 channel CB I frequently talked with truck drivers in southern Europe, Portugal/Austria from the western highlands of Scotland.

[@pixbyeli]

Excellent introductory video to handheld radios and the 2m band. Keep it up. - KJ6YQG

[@aurtisanminer2827]

I made a 23 mile simplex contact on 146.52 with a guy on his HT today. I was on the ground on my mobile rig, but he was on a mountain making SOTA contacts.

[@USAFJUNKIE]

I once had a ~40 mile contact on .52 in the desert. I was using a mobile on 20w, ended up bumping the power up to 50w for better clarity. I think the other guy was either on a mobile or base station. By far, my record for dx on VHF simplex. I was pretty excited!

[@aurtisanminer2827]

@@USAFJUNKIE it’s amazing how far you can reach when there aren’t any hills in the way!

[@gunertom]

happy Easter KO4CJJ

[@ultimatesurvivalandadventu6789]

Loving this. Steep learning curve. But interesting.

[@marks.3798]

Awesome

[@clementconcodora8832]

Where is the link to your video explaining the DTMF codes for EchoLink ?

[@100lastgoodnerves8]

I love the vids! I am actually taking my technicians license in 3 days. Probably overstudying for exam.

[@henrickwhite9786]

Heard it can be took online now..anybody know the website?

[@100lastgoodnerves8]

@@henrickwhite9786 check with your local ham radio club

[@EdSaavedraV44]

Hi there! I just wanted to asking, what I need to take my license to use my BH-F8HP radio

[@joshsorensen3250]

So glad I found your channel. I’m new to this and looking forward to diving in. I live in Colorado and I travel into the mountains a lot for work. What would be a good set up for me and my family so I can communicate with them? Thank you for your time.

[@longrider42]

I do a lot of mobile, but on a bicycle. In a car, get a good 50 to 65 watt mobile unit and use the longest antenna you can put on your car. But remember, if there is an obstruction between you and the person your trying to talk to, might not do very well. I live in Wyoming by the way. And have been licensed since 2016. Oh, hm, you might look into DMR, but you'd have to join a local club. Just getting into DMR myself.

[@irvinlopez1126]

He obviously knows his stuff. I have a YAESU FT-70D handheld, mostly for listening because I am not licensed yet (working on it). Any advise is appreciated.

[@jasonsh01]

Always enjoy the videos, Brian. 73’s. Jason EI3IQB

[@DARTHDANSAN]

Thanks for explaining sprodeic e …

[@imagrasshopper9510]

Thanks for your informative videos! I'm new to ham. On another users review of the TH-D74, a viewer commented on that radio's lack of cross band repeat and full duplex. It's my understanding that most handheld radios do not have those features. Is that a serious drawback of the TH-D?

[@baronedipiemonte3990]

It just really depends on what you want to be able to do with the radio. To me, cross banding is a novelty unless you have a need for a short time/short distance repeater, or operate a base or mobile radio remotely using the HT. Not a whole lot of HTs have it built in... Maybe 2-4

[@motorbikeray]

Great video about HT radio range. When you're not transmitting using a repeater, how do you determine which frequency to use for direct radio-to-radio communication? Do you decided on a starting frequency and then move up frequencies in small increments until someone replies?

[@longrider42]

Oh, there are two frequencies that are pretty much used for simplex communication. 146.520 and 146.550 are the two simplex frequencies used in North America. Good luck

[@motorbikeray]

@@longrider42 Thanks for the simplex frequencies info, James.

[@Glassed_in_Nature]

Off topic but how do you feel about the signal stick antennas for the baofeng radio ?

[@HamRadioInAction]

I have one and it is a great antenna. Check out my Baofeng accessories video.

[@DNYS8N]

I’m almost always will have have a hill in the way. I’m in the valley and besides of the dense foliage there is the urban hustle. I was even a radio operator in the military and still can’t figure out how to find a suitable mobile com system with a longer range than 1/4 mile. Certainly there are rare line of sight exceptions.

[@assaultprepper9263]

Hello. Thank you for the information. I am wanting to get a duel band and digital HT. The problem for me is that there are so many choices and I am new to the hobby. Would you recommend a unit that has good reception and is easy to use? Thanks so much.

[@konradritter7543]

Did you already decide on something? :)

[@baronedipiemonte3990]

What are your goals with the radio - strictly ham use, emergency SHTF communications, etc ? What environment are you primarily going to be operating in, city, suburban, rural ? You get what you pay for. But you don't have to break the bank to get a decent radio. By digital, what mode are you interested in - DMR (the Chinese HTs, and non Chinese like Kenwood, Motorola...), D-Star (Icom, Kenwood), Fusion (Yaesu)... DMR is the "newest" digital mode, the fastest growing, and the most affordable. I just bought my first digital HT, a Retevis DMR just for fun/a novelty. If you want to be in on nets and talk groups you need to find out what modes are used in your area, and make your decision from that. Now with the all the digital modes, you can get gizmos that will allow you to talk on your HT to and through a gateway on your PC, Android, or I phone, and also operate cross mode i.e. DMR can talk with Fusion. DStar can talk with DMR and Fusion etc. I don't know very much about that at all. Just that it exists.

[@jims408]

Very helpful - thank you! I'm brand new to this hobby, about to sit for my technician's exam. In your repeater demo your contact said "you are five nine". Curious what does that mean?

[@MikeB-rr5hh]

A shame nobody replied. It means readability 5 (perfectly understandable, the range is 1-5) and strength 9 (very strong, range is 1-9). People get lazy and will typically say 'receiving you 5 by 9' for pretty much any conversation that they can hear but occasionally someone will put more thought into it.

[@XJwolf4]

I’m still new and learning everything. Do you have an antenna recommendation for the icom v86? Also, is there way to find repeaters if they’re not listed?

[@Anthony-bl5rm]

Whats the difference between triband and dual band

[@e46matt7]

Nice job, 70 likes 0 dislikes!

[@waynerichter3190]

Trying to figure out HAM and came across your channel. Watched a few videos including the 15 bucks and a smartphone one which had me intrigued. Question with a cheap handheld can I get onto repeaters or do I need special access/permission from the repeater owners to do so?

[@Caseydog3]

I heard a few years back..there was a guy who reached Hawaii from San Fran with a handheld 2 meter they said it was a world record at the time

[@emirbjelak4482]

Nice explaining. One thing i didnt get. You said about repeaters, one freq to transmit and one to receive. So does that mean there is only one channel for one repeater?

[@HamRadioInAction]

When you program a radio memory it can have separate receive and transmit frequencies for repeaters.

[@baronedipiemonte3990]

@@gerardo7290 basically, yes. Some people use a single antenna for multiple channels, but one Antenna per channel is preferable

[@bthemedia]

How can you make or buy that j-pole antenna? Looks handy.

[@HamRadioInAction]

Bought mine on eBay.

[@relinies4233]

How does your contact determine your distance from him when he responds?

[@baronedipiemonte3990]

No real way of knowing unless you are operating APRS and you can see the contact on a pc or device. Or you look up someone's call sign..

[@happycamper2976]

Baofeng vr5 are thay digital singial can thay be programed to use as a scanner

[@GoA7250]

Grid squares! Do you guys use military-style topical maps?

[@onlythebestsound]

Brian: I have watched your video using your Baofeng to connect to Echolink, but could you do a video where you actually show us what tones we need to use to connect the to the Echolink repeater? I know you have to know the node number, but how do you get the the repeater to go into Echolink mode? 73 Brian

[@themasterhammer]

I thought that EchoLink repeaters links were static? Please show how to use tones with EchoLink repeaters. 73 WØBJT

[@lancegaerte6778]

Yeah, an Echolink for dummies video would be great!

[@HamRadioInAction]

Echolink website has the list of DTMF commands. Your radio manual should explain how to transmit DTMF tones. Be sure no one is using your repeater or has an objection to you linking. Also, be sure to unlink when done.

[@onlythebestsound]

I just wanted to see how to use a baofeng like you used since that is what I have also

[@ronrodd2062]

My nearest analog/DV repeater is 21 miles away. I live in a mountainous region so little chance to hit the repeater with a handheld. Simplex possible line of site. However, I need advice on whether a base station at 2 meter/ 440 at 50 power could hit the repeater? Will use Ed fong antenna attached to chimney but worried about power lose of coax around 30 feet. Am I wishful thinking here, just go for DV access direct to cloud or use pc based dongle? Thoughts. Kk6ped, former kQ6je and kk6pu.

[@kleosGaming]

what's the best device to use when you live in the city ?? for two friends to communicate ?

[@longrider42]

I hate to say it, be depending on how far apart you two live, Cell Phone might be the best option. As the man said, buildings really cut down range, unless you can put your antenna up high enough to clear them.

[@drdabber710]

I’m looking to get on a 70cm repeater on a handheld ht that’s 12.4 miles away, can any recommend a ht that would work for me?

[@JDS11ify]

Go up in an aircraft. I did and my radio was about 10 watts. I could talk with other aircraft down in the US from the Toronto area. Answer: direct line of sight ... a long way. 2 meters and higher are very directional.

[@paintedwarrior516]

How far can CB radios function?. I just bought a couple Cobra walkie talkies that say they are effective up to 42 miles, it's probably more like a couple miles seeing they are two watt that don't require a license

[@baronedipiemonte3990]

Manufactures often cite distance under perfect conditions, i.e. over water or desert terrain. It's very disingenuous of them. But technically it's not false advertising

[@MarcosGarcia-kx4rb]

Im waiting for my baofeng to arrive.

[@baronedipiemonte3990]

Tell you a little "secret" about these chinese radios... Several brands are often made bt the same or a sister company. Just have a different name. Look at the Baofeng 1702 & the Retevis RT72. Quality control is better than when they first hit the streets. And they are inexpensive enough that lack of warranty/repair service isn't a big deal. Of course some of the "big" manufacturers have crummy warranty & super high repair cost (You listening Yaesu...)

[@MarcosGarcia-kx4rb]

@@baronedipiemonte3990 yeah my baofeng is clearly either fake or made by another company because if some slightly differences I've seen comparing it to other internet KZbinrs. I was scared at first but in the end it seems like my radio can do everything a normal uv5r can do so I'm not worried at All. I'm now waiting for my big antenna to arrive from China lol.

[@jdssheets1050]

I'm just wondering without uesing a repeater. I have a uv-5r at 10w but I got a 42.9 inch tell antnnta

[@Lighttningbolt]

That is a half wave on 2 meters 5/8 is better for ground comm, so 2 42" 10w ht in the woods 5~8 miles the 2 meter wave will reflect off of trees but it has to have 2 meter spaces to fit through or it gets attenuated now over water 30 miles

[@dutchbeef8920]

Apparently a counterpoise can extend receive and transmit range on a HT.

[@baronedipiemonte3990]

Yes, there's is/or was a counterpoise called Rat Tail. Made in Canada if memory serves. You velcro it to the back of the HT

[@dutchbeef8920]

@@baronedipiemonte3990 you can make them yourself quite easily

[@joshbru8243]

Brian- looking for a radio for everyday communications. I’m typically miles in the backcountry and need a system to connect with people behind or in front of me on the trail system on dirt bikes. Or potentially something to connect with wife back home to relay safety... any ideas -- thank you

[@HamRadioInAction]

I have a friend who offroads and he got a GMRS license and radio. No test, $75 covers your whole family. GMRS handheld would work to talk to people on trail, but talking more than a few miles line of site would be tough unless on top of hill or mtn.

[@baronedipiemonte3990]

VHF or 800-900 mhz would generally perform better in forested, back country areas. UHF signals are often absorbed by natural vegitation. I have a ONE watt 33 cm (900 mhz) portable that I was able to get three miles on, through a heavy pine tree rural area. Mine was made by TriSquare (no longer in business), but Motorola makes several 1 watt, license free 900 mhz portable radios. You can un screw the rubber antenna and connect to a gain external/mobile antenna and increase the range.. Also, the Motorola (and the old TriSquare) uses FHSS - Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum which is like "virtual" digital channels. And unless someone has the same radio, set to the same "channel" no one short of the Federal Govt will be able to intercept your comms. Same basic principle as a scrambler

[@DonzLockz]

Good info, well explained. You should consider doing more videos.👌 Cheers Don de VK1DON 🍻🤠🇦🇺⁷³

[@craigchiddo2794]

Did you ever come across k2uu out of long island ny

[@maureen3134]

I’m in the research and learn phase, and was considering getting one of the popular HTs. After watching this video, however, I’m not so sure I’ll have much luck hearing anyone. I do plan to get my technician license, so if I do get an HT prior to that I do know I will be listening only. To whom, is what I’m wondering about. I found there are 54 users in my state, and there are 10 repeaters; the closest one being about 40 miles away. I know no one close to me with whom I will eventually be able to communicate. I am in one of the dreaded HOAs, so my antennae options are limited. My question is if it’s worth it for me yo get an HT at this time? Thanks.

[@sasquatchrosefarts]

I think you might be surprised. Your hoa might appreciate a couple users, and they might be fine with an antennae. Just get it in writing. You're not using it to call in airstrikes. You might use it to save their lives if cell towers aren't functioning.

[@maureen3134]

@@sasquatchrosefarts Thanks for the suggestion, I’ll give it a try.

[@sasquatchrosefarts]

@@maureen3134 do not under any circumstances compromise your roof. Get a triangle frame type antennae and connect it to the wall below your eves. All roof perforations eventually leak 😂😂😂😂 also, you might be able to get your hoa to allow you install an antenna on a cable internet power pole to your house or something. You may be able to wrap a flexible antennae up the pole. Nobody would hardly notice it exists. But there would be a bit of power loss and possible interference from having it out from your house.

[@graphguy]

So what do you use if you are on foot in mountains and you need to communicate 5 miles

[@StevenMeyerJr]

Sat phone?

[@_jeybi_6375]

Can you recommend a radio that is accepted in canada? Couldnt find baofeng here. Kenwood is pricey. Thanks

[@HamRadioInAction]

I cannot, I’m not familiar with your regulations.

[@baronedipiemonte3990]

From what I've seen (from online radio Amateur and Land Mobile sales) the same general brands of radios approved by the American FCC are approved by Industry Canada: Icom, Kenwood, Yaesu, Alinco, Baofeng, Retevis, Motorola