What Would Happen If We Just Kept Digging?

[@KineticSymphony]

The dwarves, they dug too deep, too greedily...

[@moshonn9318]

They came out the other side and set off to Hoxxes IV

[@Platanov]

@@moshonn9318 For Karl! And for adamantine, I assume.

[@Salt_Master_Queue]

I am just a dwarf that likes to diggy diggy hole!

[@stellaperez6883]

We're rich!

[@Talon19]

WIND ROSE - Diggy Diggy Hole (Official Video) | Napalm Records kzbin.info/www/bejne/aWWmi52peq5kr7c

[@CleoAbram]

Love this video! Thanks for the shoutout, Hank and SciShow team! Our Huge If True team are all big fans. So cool to see what we all found fascinating - there's so much to talk about in the deep Earth.

[@MrBrew4321]

Did nobody reply to Cleo!?

[@Joe-ij6of]

Do a collab that dives into options/reserch for geothermal power.

[@brandongirardi4027]

Cleo is great! Plus i love differing views, especially in this field. This is Science, , It’s important to have differing opinions. We know more about outer space than we know about our own planet, all we have is opinions based off instrument readings what’s actually in the center of the Earth or below or crust. It would be great if we could open up the Kola borehole again. But I love these independent scientists go against the mainstream argument, too, dare to be different because you might actually be right. Because you seek the truth for the passion, not for $ or popular opinion

[@brianwindsor7923]

I just finished watching the classic Doctor Who story "Inferno", like a minute ago. In that story, they drilled through the crust and found green goo that turned people into werewolves.

[@Skenjin]

The Primords are disappointing werewolves.

[@crakkbone]

@@Skenjinthat sounds awful.

[@h7opolo]

or rock gods as in "The Pick Of Destiny"

[@NeilTheMoron]

UNIT is going to get this comment deleted

[@reeyees50]

Sounds really stupid

[@veryberry39]

I did not dream of digging to the center of the earth. My single-digits self thought I could dig from my grandmother's house in Virginia all the way to England to meet Paul McCartney. It was the 80s. My cousin dug with me, but at some future point HER tunnel would diverge so she could meet Bon Jovi in New Jersey. Anyway here I am, still in the US. My hole in the ground only never made it deeper than 2 or 3 inches.

[@jeebusk]

not even a foot? doesn't really matter if that particular effort may not have been perfectly conceived, maybe there were some gold coins just 1 or 2 feet down now you'll never know !

[@feedbackzaloop]

Being 2 to 3 inches deep into cousin's tunnel is not what I expect from a Virginia citizen. Props for good taste in music though!

[@raythegardener]

Oooh, you should have kept going. It just might be that Mr. McCartney was digging a hole in his back yard hoping to meet you! So you would have met half way!

[@Planetmango48]

Wow.

[@Paradox3121]

Write "nothing sexual" again. Underline it.

[@punditgi]

Hank is just as entertaining as ever. So glad you beat cancer. I can't imagine a world without Hank. 💔

[@Imjustkendall]

You won’t have to imagine it it’ll happen someday

[@lachlanchester8142]

@@Imjustkendallwow very cheery

[@Napoleonic_S]

We need an update to his curly hair situation, wasn't it supposed to be temporary?

[@markrix]

You know?

[@boio_]

​@@lachlanchester8142 I mean death doesn't have to be sad (but I definitely enjoy more Hank for the time being!)

[@anuzis]

Semi-interesting to hear the "what" answered by this video, but I'd be more interested in a video that goes into the "how we know" (how these discoveries were made, and how confident we are about their accuracy). Seems pretty remarkable that we apparently know all of the different elements and physical behaviors of these elements at various depths despite never directly reaching even 0.5% of the depth we claim to describe in this video. What tool(s) were used to make these discoveries and how do they work? That'd be an awesome video!

[@jodyhadley2895]

I had the exact thought

[@TAP7a]

Seismology, mostly

[@klakiti02]

The same way we know the composition of stars. Electromagnetic waves and even sound waves behave differently depending on what the medium they are traveling through, is composed of.

[@SR567895]

The Royal Institution do a series of lectures every Christmas and they did one about 20 years ago on the history of how we gradually started to understand what was in the subsurface. I'll have a look to see if those lectures have made their way to their KZbin channel.

[@fast1nakus]

It would be 20h long video

[@gabryel.teixeira]

I just love how Hank's humour adds to the storytelling, making it a nice experience absorbing 15 minutes of geology terms I've never heard or dreamt of.

[@itsink3985]

they are minerals Marie

[@Heroo01]

he's just the host, he's not the writer lol

[@TWX1138]

"mommy, I don't want to see grandma!" "shut up and keep digging!"

[@Pheonix19581]

That's so cursed lmfao

[@marcusambrester]

😂😂😂

[@cboyles84]

That was a weird place to take it 🤣

[@robertpichette4164]

Funny

[@geekswithfeet9137]

You sir are my people

[@jenfern5734]

"As a kid, did you like me.." Yes, I did, Hank

[@Stonky-Kong]

I can't believe no one has shared how incredible and beautiful the inside of earth is! thank you hank!.

[@KissyKat]

I would love for you guys to cover the rift that is splitting africa in two. I have I don't know five thousand questions about that- Like when did it start? How fast is it growing? How many years would it take for the ocean to fill in the gap? And those are just three of the five thousand questions I have. Thanks Hank et al, love your channels❤

[@Joshua-gt7pz]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/jGOvYn-cdt1nn80si=RAG7HOOsH0j6vtI7

[@cosmoplakat9549]

That's a very interesting place biologically speaking, too! There are around 2,000 known species of African cichlids, over 500 known species in the three largest rift lakes (Victoria, Malawi, and Tanganyika) alone! The lakes are very deep, so likely there are many more species that haven't been found. No other genus of animal has evolved into so many species so fast.

[@ancientswordrage]

​@@Joshua-gt7pz Is that a video they did on it or something else?

[@Nathan-OHalloran]

​@@ancientswordrageThe link is to a video SciShow did on the very subject you mentioned, which SciShow posted six years ago.

[@thekingoffailure9967]

It started on a Tuesday

[@omikrondraconis5708]

5:13 those fossils look a lot more like ammonites than trilobites. They lack any trilobial structure and are coiled like snailshells.

[@Ozymandius_corn_maze]

Yeah, those are definitely not trilobites

[@bomafett]

There were trilobites that rolled up like pill bugs, but I agree with you - those are definitely ammonite fossils.

[@lynseyspaeth6884]

Those fossils are definitely ammonite fossils NOT trilobites.

[@Mad_Elf_0]

And then a few seconds later, we have "Outercore", "Innercore" and "Mantie". Production quality is through the floor on this one. Bad SciShow. No biscuit.

[@markloveless1001]

I knew I wouldn't be the only one to notice that. Ammonites to be sure - can't buy a mass grave of oddball trilobites.

[@MrMctastics]

“Papa, who’s idea was the iron-nickel geyser?”. “A youtube channel that dared to dream, my dear Hankjohn scishow-crashcourse”

[@babayaga6376]

“Papa, who’s idea was the RADIOACTIVE iron-nickel geyser?”.

[@astralb.2647]

Well, eventually we'd wake the Balrog

[@GuardianOfUltima]

Just make sure to bring it a glass of water because things are about to get hot 🔥

[@faytleingod1851]

Only problem is "thou shall not pass!!!"

[@jangschoen1019]

"Tell me where is Gandalf, for I much desire to speak with him."

[@Talon19]

I am here for the Dawrf references!!!

[@poindextertunes]

The Street Fighter II character?

[@yuugur666]

Glad you mentioned Cleo at the start, I watched hers literally yesterday and went back to check dates before even opening this video

[@Attukun-s6q]

Another really interesting problem that almost never gets talked about when discussing super deep boreholes and their problems: Once you dig deep enough the rock around you stops being a brittle solid rock that a drill can fracture, but actually starts to become a rubbery, ductile mess. So that when you drill into its less drilling and more the drill core getting sucked into this mess and goes byebye, not leaving any holes behind and not producing any fractured rock that can be observed because the rock just doesn't really break at those Preassure and Temperature conditions any more. They actually archived this at the KTB (Kontinentales Tiefbohrprogramm) in Germany in the 1995 and in the end even lost like 2, maybe even 3, drills to this brittle-ductile-switch because they wanted to keep going, so if anyone wants to check on that i reccomend checking them out.

[@Dollightful]

That "delightful countertops" line really sent me 🤣 SciShow is so good

[@jsayol]

I think this and Cleo's videos complement each other really well

[@AceSpadeThePikachu]

I like the movie The Core. It was goofy, but fun. It seemed very self-aware of how goofy its premise was but managed to to wink at the camera.

[@toshikosuisei4160]

I like that ridiculous movie too lol. I probably watch it once every other year or so.

[@rwing27nuke]

@@toshikosuisei4160same. It’s so bad that it’s great.

[@kermitwilson]

Stellar cast! That must have been a lot of fun working on that movie.

[@mrcryptozoic817]

That sounds good. I gotta watch that.

[@Sphendrana]

Movies that do this well are good. Too many movies trying this fail hard though.

[@Skyte100]

I played Dwarf Fortress, I know what happens if you dig to deep.

[@gearandalthefirst7027]

Lots and lots and lots of Fun!

[@uponeric36]

"Geeze, I wonder why it's so hot down here!" "Must be the extreme pressure!" Meanwhile the mega clowns roaming halls of dead gods, warring in the charred wastes of the the circus:

[@thespycrab8305]

Yeah, why didn't he mention the clowns! I want to meet the clowns IRL!

[@PieroBsampaio]

Really cool video! As a geologist it's lways nice to see geology getting some love. Just at 6:03, you wouldn't reach the mantle with 10 km of digging in the continental crust, on average you would be looking at 30-40 km

[@DrachenGothik666]

At 5:13, you show a still of some fossils labelled "trilobite fossils" but the fossils shown are actually _ammonite_ shells (spiral-shelled snail like creature unrelated to trilobites), not trilobites. I'm surprised you guys would make a mistake that big.

[@curtisalanmcgee]

Oh my god it pissed me off so much.

[@Sphendrana]

It was on purpose. To see if you're paying attention.

[@dustintroxel6044]

Came here to comment that.

[@fullmetal929]

Praise Helix..?

[@scarletbard6511]

"I sure hope somebody was fired over that blunder."

[@fabrisseterbrugghe8567]

My dogs are working on getting to New Zealand. From Savannah, GA. I think they'll make it. They're very determined pups.

[@stuffz4040]

This video reminds me of how when I was like 5 I loved geology and so would try to include the layers of the earth in my drawings. I always lost so much picture room to those darn layers of the earth

[@diestormlie]

15:30 - it's an egg. Calling it now.

[@jrbship]

I watched Cleo’s video when she published it, and it’s really interesting to compare and contrast with this one. There’s just still so much unknown that far down

[@srsherman7]

You could say that kid dug very "well"

[@shenghan9385]

I see. I get your joke. 😅

[@yaki_ebiko]

Did someone mentioned DIGGING? Rock and Stones!

[@DirtyDan-qk5bu]

MUSHROOM!

[@fieldrequired283]

Mantle rock seems to look a lot like Croppa...

[@Soonders]

ENOR PEARL HERE!

[@stabbymcpokey5901]

We're rich!

[@mellissadalby1402]

I do enjoy SciShow videos and I appreciate the work that goes into them. There was an image of fossilized Ammonites that was labeld as Trilobite Fossils. Just Sayin...

[@shi5369]

Some of the information in this video is in major need of correction. No, you wouldn't see green peridotite. It would be glowing hot all around you.

[@altejoh]

15:05 when I first heard this theory in college close to a decade ago, i always assumed it would be that the inner-inner-core is concentrated in elements even heavier than iron, since the leading explaination for the core being iron rich is through differentiation early in formation. If iron can sink to the center of the earth because it is too heavy, then surely platinum, lead, uranium, etc can do the same.

[@BionicMilkaholic]

1:42 Pizza crust is much thinner than oceanic crust. I'm reaching the other side as I watch this video.

[@VPCh.]

As a geolgist, the nature of the minerals deep in the earth will always be a frustrating problem to solve. We can't recreate those conditions in a lab, so while we know the rock composition, we don't always know the properties of them. Take bridgmanite, it's the most common mineral on earth, making up most of the lower mantle. We don't know what the properties of it are, because there's no way to look at it. Any grains of it that are pulled to the surface regress to a different state and we can't dig that deep. One tiny grain of it was found, but it was too small and rare to tell us much.

[@Ciathos]

5:41 we discover the Mantie layer - fascinating!

[@primarytrainer1]

xD good catch

[@shannona2517]

Lawl just posted about this layer myself bc I hadn’t yet seen your comment. It’s always been my favorite layer.

[@rexrock]

That's the mantle's childhood nickname. Only mom calls it that now. How embarrassing.

[@audiooddities9982]

I would suggest starting in Death Valley. it's supposed to be the thinnest the crust gets above water

[@TheDanEdwards]

"I would suggest starting in Death Valley. it's supposed to be the thinnest the crust gets above water"

[@jamesdriscoll_tmp1515]

There is active spreading in east Africa. I suggest you try there?

[@Nazuiko]

@@TheDanEdwards Death Valley is definitely not underwater. And the ocean ridges are definitely not above water either.

[@gearandalthefirst7027]

@@TheDanEdwards "Above water," not as in sea level, but as in exposed to air.

[@peoplez129]

Due to the pressures and logistics of water, ocean drilling doesn't really make sense. It could also be pretty catastrophic, as drilling a hole from the ocean means it will get filled with water. At least an above ground hole can collapse on itself or be filled, a below ocean hole would simply get filled with water, which would create some geological issues, or worse, we could literally drain our surface oceans into the mantle. There could be voids in the mantle soo large, they could hold all the oceans. And keep in mind, at ocean floor pressures, water acts like a cutting jet, so you could end up with a giant sinkhole. It could be catastrophic for life on earth.

[@josher887]

1:08 YESSSS no one knows about the Core, it’s not too cheesy it respects itself!

[@JaredDaviesable]

Probably my favourite disaster b-movie

[@thecianinator]

Probably the most unfairly hated movie in history 😂

[@aftertonightjazz]

“THE CORE” WAS EXCELLENT!!!

[@dragonslayerslayerdragon5077]

I can't wait till some billionaire drills towards the 2nd diamond layer just to find nether bricks. Well played, Hank. 👍

[@Dee-jp7ek]

A 10pm upload? A welcome surprise!

[@Martial-Mat]

"There are some people working on giant lasers to do this though" The Xindi for one.

[@quiestinliteris]

It's been a long road...

[@Martial-Mat]

@@quiestinliteris 😏

[@AnthemUnanthemed]

hey so about the ringwoodite... @OctopusLady talked about this apparently in the geological sense water just means hydrogen, as in the "water" is referring to hydrogen rich molecules not actually water, so while some is probably trapped in ringwoodite, there may have been a misunderstanding. Which one of your sources did you use to find its all ringwoodite?

[@courtneym.3647]

So when water gets chemically bound up in rocks or molecules, it can do so in a few different forms. With ringwoodite, because of the high temp and pressure, it's bound up as a hydroxyl radical - a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom bound together. It's formed by the reaction of olivine and water at high temp + pressure. Technically it's not *water* in the sense that it's not H2O, and it's a component of the crystal structure, but it can undergo processes that reform the water and cause chemical and physical changes to the mantle. So it's considered a sort of reservoir of water - just not in the traditional sense of "large pool of liquid". (Source: www.bnl.gov/newsroom/news.php?a=111648. It links back to the original ringwoodite paper as well.) Water in a geochemical sense does *not* just mean hydrogen, though. And that's speaking from both a chemistry degree and some experience with geochemistry, specifically. I'd recommend looking into hydrates and hydrous minerals if you're interested in more examples (including ones where it *is* H2O being bound up in the crystal structure). Will say I can't speak to SciShow's sources, though, and I didn't do enough reading to find if they think the reservoir is all ringwoodite or not.

[@mrblue6225]

“but im tired of digging grandpa”

[@thekaxmax]

Why are you digging grandpa?

[@gabbonoo]

@@thekaxmax nobody's diggin' grandpa. :c

[@RoryRiggins]

That’s too damn bad!

[@nickgomez41]

I don’t know how they didn’t get the reference 😂

[@thekaxmax]

@@nickgomez41 what reference?

[@Android480]

I like the idea that at any one time, there exists a single molecule that is most centered in the middle of the earth.

[@leightonolsson4846]

I think the cat is trying to dig to the centre of the earth from the sounds from the litter tray right now

[@JosephBrown83805]

We have the original version, that we got because of your review, and like the same features you liked. The batteries lasted almost two years before one sensor died so I changed them all. We are not full timers so not used every day as yours would be. It saved us twice from major issues, we got a leak alert and stopped but thought it was an error and kept going. WRONG! It was a big chuck of metal that got into the tire, I found that out when I stopped again and saw the tire was actually low this time and in inspection, found the imbedded piece of metal. When parked in the summer on trips and the tires get hot on the sunny side, the high temp alarms are annoying, but we are still very happy to have the unit! A great price and a very good product! Thank you!

[@shannona2517]

5:41 the mantie is my favorite layer of the earth 😂😊❤

[@rexrock]

😂

[@Helgardt6189]

Mantie ??

[@Salt_Master_Queue]

Brothers of the mine, REJOICE! (Swing, swing, swing with me!)

[@Talon19]

To dig and dig makes us free Come on brothers sing with me!

[@lefthanded3512]

Been watching you since I graduated high school. Love your vids

[@Coastfog]

Terrible/brilliant is a perfect description of The Core! It's so silly and I love it dearly!

[@naomi10260]

THE CORE!! i still own that DVD lol it blew my child mind, how about that geode scene? XD

[@faytleingod1851]

Best part of the whole movie 😂. In fact 🤔 that's one of only three scenes I even remember 😂

[@naomi10260]

@faytleingod1851 ha yea it was such a wild scene XD

[@sapelesteve]

Now that was a really deep discussion about a journey to the center of the earth! Well done Hank! 🌎🌎👍👍

[@dmelfa1]

Hey Hank, G'day from Sydney, Australia!

[@mephistopolice]

Start digging up and you'll be able to say that in person :)

[@Liriq]

The short way, or the long way?

[@jessicawolk-stanley4421]

What a great video! Thank you from the mysterious inner core of my heart for creating amazing resources that keep me (Earth science teacher) up to date on current research AND providing fun content to share with my students.

[@uss_04]

When it came to funding, I guess you can say Project Mohole experienced a … Discontinuity

[@artman2oo3]

I really dig this SciShow video, guys.

[@cd8048]

We need a heavy metal song about this journey

[@Talon19]

Your wishes shall be answered.

[@Talon19]

WIND ROSE - Diggy Diggy Hole (Official Video) | Napalm Records

[@Talon19]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/aWWmi52peq5kr7c

[@musashi939]

​@@Talon19loll. Diggy Diggy hole. Sang that at a wedding with friends when they started karafun.

[@Talon19]

@ WINNING!

[@aircraftcarrierwo-class]

The Core mention! That movie gave me one of my favorite quotes, which I use whenever people compare space exploration to ocean exploration. Space is easy. Space is _empty._

[@quinton1630]

Great holes secretly are digged where Earth’s pores ought to suffice And things have learnt to walk that ought to crawl

[@Illumina_Blade]

meme editors are gonna have a field day with all this hole talk.

[@raphaelgarcia9576]

So our planet has a case of ringwoodite?! We should work on a cure for that.

[@Glandrid]

Don't tell Van Morrison kzbin.info/www/bejne/gpWuq4WKn9pnr80

[@Julyfaction]

@11:40 "We find ourselves in YET ANOTHER reservoir of diamonds" 💎💎💎 this is perhaps one of the most metal things ever spoken 🤟

[@cristiaolson7327]

Is no one going to point out that the fossils shown in the picture are ammonites, not trilobites? Trilobites are the li'l guys that look like isopods with horseshoe crab heads.

[@ChrisDelGuercio]

Omanyte*

[@CaritasGothKaraoke]

came to say this but you beat me to it.

[@shenghan9385]

Some did do just that

[@takumi2023]

These fossils are easier to recognize for the average viewer.

[@svennoren9047]

I was, but you beat me to it.

[@robingunnarsson6412]

Interesting! I'd love a more detailed video on how we found all of this out!

[@johnmcgimpsey1825]

Watch Cleo's video (link in the description)

[@ItsSweetShot]

I watched Cleo's vid after this and I have to say it is much better. It just felt more in-depth yet shorter but I respect that you mentioned her video

[@alveolate]

5:40 mantie sounds like a cute nickname

[@roxyhart5692]

I noticed that too 😂

[@Mr_Valentin.]

I absolutely love this ! MORE!

[@shroomsandmetal]

Who doesn't love digging a good hole.

[@Talon19]

To dig and dig makes us free Come on brothers sing with me! I am a dwarf and I’m digging a hole Diggy, diggy hole, diggy, diggy hole

[@shroomsandmetal]

@@Talon19 thank you for reminding of that gem

[@saraa3418]

Glad to know mine isn't the only inner child that wanted to hear about this.

[@militantpacifist4087]

What do we do? Just keep digging! Just keep digging! Just keep digging digging digging!

[@ethanmiller631]

we know more about the stars than the ocean and crust beneath us

[@THRILLER761]

This came out 8 minutes ago. That means were all watching this together right now 😊

[@andyanderson2143]

Super, super cool! Wow, what a rabbit hole!

[@jacobawojtowicz]

5:11 "all fossils were once living organisms... or the products of living organisms, like fossilized poop" Isn't fossilized poop also "once living organisms" in its own way?

[@primarytrainer1]

you're right but he misspoke or misunderstands what ichnofossils are; some trace fossils aren't poop, they're trackways and burrows

[@jeebusk]

personally (for health, archaeology etc) I think poop (bacterial) dna 💩 should be just as important as other cells...

[@burchified]

The center of the planet is pure gold and whoever gets to it first gets first dibs

[@DirtyDan-qk5bu]

Digging holes? WE'RE RICH!!!

[@rwtwb]

"Devil Worm", sounds familiar. "nope, I saw that episode of x-files, just bounce, any direction, as far as you can go."

[@test74088]

This video could probably use a disclaimer, digging deep holes in sand is dangerous and potentially deadly.

[@mr.fearless7594]

Like what ?

[@theVtuberCh]

@@mr.fearless7594the sides can cave in. This is also true with dirt which is why you have to put barriers along the side of deep trenches

[@djamaal86]

Granddaughter: I'm tired of this, Grandpa! Grandpa: Well, that's too damn bad! You keep diggin'!

[@jamesharmer9293]

Very sloppy SciShow. Those are not Trilobite fossils at 5:20 they're Ammonites, which were a type of cephalopod whereas trilobites were arthropods. It's like mistaking squid for crabs. Send your scriptwriter/editor back down into the salt mines until they repent for their sins !

[@jeffreystoutenburg195]

Thanks! Great video, and brilliantly done! 👍

[@u0000-u2x]

2:29 Brazil's oil company (Petrobras) has drilled over 7km deep (below sea level). Research the Monai field.

[@natrium1250]

I love how i can consistently tell when it's Hank's video based on the title

[@firemanjeff911]

Is a third of an atmosphere per meter right? That seems excessive.

[@john_carter_of_earth]

3:02 - I thought the same thing. Like, shouldn't it be more like 1 atmosphere of pressure for every 3 KILOmeters down, not meters?

[@firemanjeff911]

@@john_carter_of_earth That's what I thought, but I'm on my 2nd bowl, so my math is fuzzy. Thanks for tagging the time!

[@2020-p2z]

​@@john_carter_of_earth For water, you get about one atmosphere for every 10 metres. Rock is a lot heavier than water, so you'd expect more pressure with less depth. Earth has an average density of about 5,500 kg/m3, so about 5.5x that of water. With that density, you'd expect a change in pressure of 0.55 atm/m, which is in the ballpark of 0.33 atm/m., not 0.33 atm/km. It's important to note though that the planet doesn't have a uniform density, and the change in pressure will not be constant as you traverse further, and travel through materials of varying densities.

[@alexsiemers7898]

An increase of one atmosphere of pressure corresponds to around 10 additional tons of material per square meter (100,000 Newtons per sq meter, or 100kPa). So with a density of 3.3 tons per cubic meter that checks out, though the crust averages a density of something like 2.7 tons per cubic meter at the surface. This only sounds unusually high since solid rock does a pretty good job of staying rigid at such high pressures

[@firemanjeff911]

Thanks guys!

[@herodragon33]

My question is what would make it back to the surface? Like as you dig you need to throw that material back up but at "Normal" pressure and temperature will the rocks (and metal) stay as they are?

[@drewharrison6433]

"You might want to grab a glass of water because it's going to get hot." Hank Green. "That's what she said." Michael Scott

[@legit6353]

“Great holes secretly are digged where earth's pores ought to suffice, and things have learnt to walk that ought to crawl.”

[@chrisforsyth8323]

Those are very, er, 'ammonitey' Trilobite fossils.

[@radimus]

the Hank pop-up about fossilized poop made my day!😂@5:12

[@lesliemartin1520]

Just don’t get into the hole you dig at the beach because it can collapse and kill you. Seriously. Don’t let your kids do that.

[@dochappy26]

Same goes for snow!

[@zeebest1004]

@@dochappy26. With snow you can hollow out breathing space…

[@cyan_oxy6734]

Who needs childhood anyway? Do you know how many kids dig holes at the beach and are fine? This approach to letting kids do nothing with the slightest amount of risk is bonkers. Of course you don't abandon your children at the beach and have an eye on them but stop making people into Karens.

[@kjul.]

Nah don't be too hysterical now.

[@crimsonraen]

This is all super fascinating. Thanks for the video Hank, et, al!

[@SirSpinalColumn]

1:55 Mohole, Moproblems...

[@grcigar9911]

For some reason I had thoughts that perhaps under the most extreme of pressures that elements in the periodic table started acting differently. Almost in reverse as to certain characteristics. Why couldn’t the inner-inner core actually be lighter gas elements in solid form?

[@thegamesforreal1673]

Because of Buouyancy, most likely. Lighter elements that are normally gaseous under atmospheric pressures would be waaaay less dense than the surrounding rock and slowly be forced upwards out of the core due to buoyancy. If anything, it's more likely that the inner-inner core is a mixture of high-density elements mixed with the iron.

[@hellohi8062]

3:25 correction: the USSR also won the space race, they put humans and satellites in space first. They lost the moon race to the USA. I think it's a pedantic but important distinction

[@westrim]

Except the only stated goal by either side was the Moon.

[@starchington]

Girl be serious

[@CarFreeSegnitz]

The USSR had the first interplanetary probe, first to put anything on the Moon, first with pictures of the far-side of the Moon, first and only to put anything on Venus. From 2011 to 2020, between the retirement of the Shuttles and SpaceX Crew Dragon, the US was completely dependent on Russia to get American astronauts to the ISS.

[@StrawberryBatman]

It’s sad how much the US insists they won.

[@alexsiemers7898]

Kennedy said “Double or nothing” with the moonshot and then the US did that.

[@MD-gx3wv]

Almost everything I know about rocks I learned from Dwarf Fortress, and also from this video.

[@TWX1138]

5:40 Mantie?

[@victornoname7269]

You were talking about what we'd see as we drilled down but my first thought was that it would be dark since you're underground. So you wouldn't see anything. But that got me wondering, at which point would it be deep enough for the rocks to start glowing from the heat? Think about it. It's pitch black underground because there's no sunlight. Up to a certain point. At a certain depth underground would be full of light.

[@toomanyopinions8353]

I would have to think that if we were going to the trouble of digging, we would attach a camera and a light.

[@CrumpetsNBiscuits]

I get the heat part, you're getting closer to heat source(s), but why would you feel pressure if there's nothing above you applying it? I mean if you mean the atmospheric pressure would increase cause you'd be X kilometers down a hole, with X kilometers of air above you applying weight/pressure..but you said 'rocks above you'.

[@Octa9on]

if the hole you dig is full of air, the air pressure doesn't increase that fast, but the rock you're digging through IS under that much pressure. in deep mines, sometimes a wall will just suddenly explode inward because of the immense weight of the rock above it

[@CrumpetsNBiscuits]

@@Octa9on oww... that makes sense and scary af

[@LashknifeTalon]

It's kinda wild to think that we really haven't found a better way to go deeper than the Soviets did with their Kola Borehole in all the time since they dug it. It really drives home how hard it is to do this, and how impressive the Soviet scientists that made that hole were.

[@malikfaisal416]

9:52 So you can't build a raft inside earth subterranean ocean to escape from deadly fish and plesiosaurus?

[@zincorbie]

Great content, Hank. Thank you.