When you get a 10 GHz CPU...

I was going to title this one the quest for the 10GHz CPU, but that's not the story I want to tell here, its part of the story but only a side quest :)
This is the first part of a review of a low power desktop candidate running Linux, I wanted to talk a little bit about the Holy Grail of computing...the 10GHz CPU and why we do not have it yet. Some of the choices and reasons large companies are switching direction to ARM and finally I have a new "victim" in my quest to find a low power desktop linux machine in 2022.
Chapters
00:00 Intro
00:23 The Holy Grail of Computing
05:41 PC vs ARM
08:11 The Heat Wall
15:04 Evaluations for Low Power Desktop
25:13 Final Thoughts
28:42 Outro
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"Brightly Fancy" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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#cpu #heatwall #10Ghz

[@lucius1976]

Still remembering getting a 10Mhz CPU. Man was i proud.

[@liquidmobius]

I'd be curious to hear your thoughts on open-source chips like risc-v in a future video.

[@liquidmobius]

Actually just found one on your channel from a few months ago.

[@osgrov]

Í am, too, also longing for the day when I can make a low-power ARM desktop replacement. Looking forwards to your Odroid review and future developments in that area! Like you also say, it's gotta have NVMe support though - I/O is a dealbreaker on all SBCs so far. I've often wondered why there doesn't appear to be anyone trying to make ITX/ATX boards with performance ARM chips on them, with PCIe/NVMe/SATA ports like we're used to and standard DDR4/5 RAM. Wouldn't that be neat? I'd buy one. As for the Itanium debacle: as I recall, the main issues were high cost, vendor lock-in and lacking performance. x86 was faster at a lower price point, using off the shelf parts while not requiring any advanced and proprietary software. Kinda hard to compete with that.

[@guilherme5094]

Another awesome video, very well done and very well explained, thanks👍!

[@CyberGizmo]

Thanks Felix as always appreciate the kind comments

[@abobader]

Yes, heat, recall the time for supercomputer the main factor was the arts of cooling, cool topic DJ, well done.

[@stevenanderson3205]

My 10850k turbo's to 5.2 ghz but its a hog on power but like any hot rod its nice to have that power if you need it.

[@Gotblade]

I'm running threadrippers on my computers now. I like the potential for heat dissipation with them. The 8 core CPUs I used to run were always maxed out rendering video and on the verge of forcing a reboot before finishing a render. I probably spent as much in replacement hardware as the cost of a system with a physically larger cpu that can render well under maximum and complete a render in a fraction of the time of what I had before. I'm hoping that means a longer lifespan but we'll see. The fan doesn't even speed up at the default setting for number of threads, which is actually the number of cores instead of the number of threads which is double that. I don't need it to work that hard.

[@technicallyme]

So far… I have not seen arm scale up without losing its power efficiency

[@esra_erimez]

I find it interesting that the processor that powered the Acorn Archimedes can't be used for desktop computing today. Also, the Mekotronics RK3588 looks very interesting.

[@CyberGizmo]

The flagship cpu, yeah i've heard its pretty fast.

[@fbifido2]

- what's the minimum set of CPU instructions (x86) that is needed to run (latest) ?: 1. ms dos 6.22 2. Windows xp 3. Windows 7 4. Windows 8.1 5. Windows 10 6. Windows 11 7. Linux (ubuntu & Debian) 8. Apple OS (intel) - is there a database that shows what CPU instruction is been used by various Programs &/or OS ? - Citrix & Microsoft, had a compatible testing tool for Windows, to see if your applications would work on newer OS. - Second pin, why does PCI/PCIe only use max x16? - why can it use x32, x64, x128, etc... -Third pin, the memory DIMM on mother board seems to have had the same size for eons: - what if we double the pins, make it longer, taller, etc... (Will this make RAM slower?)

[@user-mr3mf8lo7y]

You have mentioned about your ARM-based server(s). Wondering if you could make a video about your experiences on ARM-based (production) servers. Thanks,.

[@MrWarneet]

I remember analogue computers with gears differentials and wait for it - relays... Yes we went to war this kind of tech.

[@SteveBMayer]

I wonder if we will ever create super conducting CPU's. It would eliminate most of the issues with heat...

[@PupperTiggle]

super conducter = big heat go away

[@hamesparde9888]

I use a ROCKPro64 for my NAS. For my desktop I use an AMD 5900x. I don't need that much compute power really, but the arm boards are still too slow for me. Although maybe they will be next time I update my computer. I built my last one in 2013. So I waited 8 years to upgrade.

[@HerecomestheCalavera]

I remember reading a story from the 90s a very long time ago but someone who had somehow got their hands on some super powerful CPU. I feel like it was some crazy number like 100ghz. He showed it to someone at IBM who was amazed by it and then their offices got broken into. I can't remember all the details. Now I know it was probably just a made up story but I'm wondering if you ever heard about it before? The weird thing is I looked for the story years later and can't find any trace of it online.

[@markm1514]

600W - "I though that was a lot" That IS a lot! That's at least four human beings worth of thermal output in a few square centimeters. Half a microwave oven on high.

[@billj5645]

Well the instructions per clock has been increasing slowly, even within the lifespan of the current "i" chips they've gone up quite a bit. And we have more cores and more cores which helps with the OS wants to run a lot of things at the same time. But just regarding clock speed- we should be much higher today. About 13 years ago I had computer at work with a dual core Intel processor that could be overclocked with extreme cooling to 7GHz. I just read that now, 13 years later, people have been able to get the latest Intel processors up to 7GHz with extreme cooling. Yes as said in the video current processors with normal cooling have a slight clock speed advantage over 2009 processors but I think in the years since there were processors that actually went backwards in maximum clock speed. So in some ways there has been no advance in clock speed in the past 13 years. Processors have improved in many other ways but not clock speed. And my home desktop is still an Intel Q9400 running at 3.8GHz on air cooling. I have not determined its maximum clock speed because I don't have fast enough RAM to go along with it. It holds its own against the lower tiers of current CPUs that are recommended for gaming.

[@rashie]

👍👍

[@charismaticmedia8585]

Sup dj

[@kayakMike1000]

My first cpu was 1.78Mhz. I still have my XU4

[@mytech6779]

x86 is only an old instruction set, internally the physical architecture has nothing to do with the old chips and the design really isn't very bound by the instruction set. Then consider about 80% of a modern die is cache; 15% is pipeline optimizing, branch prediction, I/O and memory managment; and only about 5% is true CPU cores. Itanium wasn't widely adopted because the concept had some some hidden flaws and inefficiencies, and the execution wasn't great. The 'epic' idea provided high instructions-per-second on artificial benchmarks, but it wasn't achievable on real workloads. They shifted a bunch of the pipeline and out of order optimization off the CPU and onto the compiler. Which may have been a reasonable idea at the time of development but by the time Itanium was getting deployed competing tech had made the notion mostly obsolete. They included an x86-32 backward compatibility to help the transition, but it was relatively poor performing and misused/overused by customers in a way that also slowed native I64 binaries that were running on the same machine. Basically no real advantage for fully native binaries, big disadvantage with backward compatibility, and compilers of the time just weren't up to the optimizing task.

[@adriancoanda9227]

We achieved 7.8 in liquid nitrogen and it exist a liquid nitrogen machine that works like a chiller

[@gyrgrls]

ARM will be the last leg of my journey. Way too much RISC involved.

[@digitalcontent1870]

Pentium 4 so close to the nuclear reactor🤣🤣Maybe we need mini nuclear reactors in future to get that 10 ghz.

[@3dhotshot]

so basically its a cooling problem

[@glzblitz328]

the people dream about 10 ghz and others dream about 1thz cpu if i have this cpu i will play 2200y game ultra settings 100K with 1000 fps

[@OSINT_Skye]

x86 is too old for tomorrow's world of 10 GHz CPU

[@stevenanderson3205]

I also understand that the 4090 will cost 2.999.00 so i geuss if you can efford a 4090 you can pay the electric bill.

[@CyberGizmo]

a good point, I hope that price is wrong, will be very people people purchasing one.

[@stevenanderson3205]

@@CyberGizmo I hope its wrong also but Nvidia noticed gamers will pay for the best and its always about money stock market and all.

[@QuikRay]

DJ, 10GHz not going to happen and not for any reason that might come to your mind. I'll leave you with a mystery that you will come to know while your still on this planet. Believe on Jesus and you will be saved. If you want to get into heaven, Jesus is the gate keeper and your ticket into heaven...God, I believe in Jesus as my Savior.