White and Black Spain, Espana Blanca y Negra

White and Black Spain, or Espana Blanca e Negra, refers to an artistic movement that emerged in Spain during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The movement encompassed a wide range of artistic forms and styles, including literature, painting, sculpture, and music.
During that time period Spain experienced the decline of its once vast empire, the loss of its colonies in the Americas, and political instability marked by frequent changes in government and social unrest. Additionally, Spain grappled with the effects of rapid industrialization and urbanization, which brought both economic growth and social dislocation.