I think I forgot to mention that professionally I am a physicist and not a medical doctor.
@bug688Ай бұрын
that’s not what you said when you treated my dad
@royrieder2113Ай бұрын
@bug688 Yes, OP comment is lies and she is clearly a medical doctor.
@DA-hw1tsАй бұрын
But your dad now exists in a quantum state, which is arguably better.
@DrBingusCheeseburgerАй бұрын
Neat, I’m not a professional physicist but I am a professional medical doctor.
@vladimirvlasov4360Ай бұрын
"astro" in the channel name stands for "gastroenterologist"
@avariciousaltruistАй бұрын
My screen: "who gets the Nobel prize?" Angela Collier My brain: "Oh, good for her"
@screwaccountnamesАй бұрын
The first Nobel Peace Prize awarded to a KZbin channel
@TagiukGoldАй бұрын
It wouldn't be the Peace Prize, maybe the Literature one.
@GSBarlevАй бұрын
Sadly, as she says at 13:55, it doesn't go to the "the bestest brain in the world" so no prize for Angela. 😡
@gasdiveАй бұрын
Is there a prize for most exasperated? No? It's fine, it's fine.
@idontwantahandlethoughАй бұрын
@@gasdive "IT'S FINE."
@fruitshuitАй бұрын
Speaking of having youtube brain rot, when you said "before I can tell you about the discovery of insulin", I absolutely expected the next line to be "I need to tell you about this video's sponsor, Brilliant"
@smort123Ай бұрын
The muscle memory already pressed the forward button
@ericposey-vt5ejАй бұрын
i expected raid shadow legends.
@Music34897Ай бұрын
OMG ME TOO
@rreiterАй бұрын
My half-way ad was for Rybelsus. The cogs in the YT machine learning mind must be like: "Oh good... she's talking about insulin, her viewers probably need Rybelsus."
@thezipcreatorАй бұрын
if you get SponsorBlock you'll never have to see one of those again* * except very rarely if you're early in watching a video
@smort123Ай бұрын
"Should I go to medical school? No, I am horrible with people." As if this has stopped any doctor ever.
@kurtmayer2041Ай бұрын
yeah if movies taught me anything that is a prerequisite for brain surgeons
@TribecasoothsayerАй бұрын
Well, clearly it didn’t stop the doctors (assuming you meant medical doctors), but it may have turned some would-be and might-have-beens away from becoming doctors
@SpamhardАй бұрын
My aunt, who's a nurse, always used to tell me I'd make a great nurse. I replied that I doubt it as I have low empathy and struggle to care for or about people. She merely countered that's why I'd make a great nurse.
@TheHadMattersАй бұрын
She'd be such an amazing doctor. One of those who handle fifty studies at the same time, chat with all the patients about the theory behind the study, and somehow also do full time clinic duty at the same time.
@queenvrookАй бұрын
They use specialties to manage personalities. Narcissists get made into surgeons, smart dweebs become pathologists, slackers become radiologists, and so on. There's a place for everyone
@OpenPodBayDoorАй бұрын
"The Merchant of Death Dies" is a crazy headline for an obit. Even Henry Kissinger only got "controversial."
@kuman0110Ай бұрын
people had balls back then
@auberry8613Ай бұрын
I think "The Superfan of Death Dies" would be more accurate for Kissinger
@alonpeleg77Ай бұрын
in my side of the world the headlines sure were along the lines of "the merchant of death died. john oliver also had a fitting reaction toward kissinger's death
@rainbowkrampusАй бұрын
The crazy thing is how many people that headline could be about, including David Ricks.
@Kevin_the_CavemanАй бұрын
"Controversial" is one of the modern journalist's worst insults
@BioshockChickenАй бұрын
As a plumber I’ll add to the identifying diabetes segment: it you have a moldy toilet bowl but the tank behind it is normal it’s from the sugar in your urine. Had a couple customers find out this way.
@ctravis91Ай бұрын
Interesting 🧐
@daniquezАй бұрын
Hmm I should start mentioning this to patients starting on SGLT2 inhibitors
@bertramusb8162Ай бұрын
Holy shit
@NeedaNewAliasАй бұрын
Moldy toilet bowl? What’s wrong with you people?
@davereichertАй бұрын
Wow, I guess if they ever cleaned their toilet bowl, they'd have never found out! Sigh.
@hemogoblin85Ай бұрын
Just to add to this, in the UK insulin is free for anyone with diabetes. The average cost of insulin for the state / National Health Service (NHS) is between $14 to $120 per month per person. That's largely thanks to the bargaining power of the NHS.
@LimeyLassenАй бұрын
This is the first positive thing I've heard about the NHS in a while.
@filipeeeeeeeee5615Ай бұрын
It’s also free in Brazil
@tylerbetthauser7647Ай бұрын
Too bad there is that kind of market for insulin. Seems a little messed up that you can negotiate a product down bc the scale is so large.
@kawaiimunismАй бұрын
@@tylerbetthauser7647you think it's bad when life-saving medicine is cheaper to provide to patients??
@abhijithcpreej29 күн бұрын
@@tylerbetthauser7647that's what should happen in healthcare; this also applies to women's sanitary products
@Henderburn2Ай бұрын
I forget his name, but in the 1920s the Canadian government asked a guy to do a report on the residential schools after some complaints. They chose a super hardcore anti-indigenous politician to ensure it would be positive. His ensuing report said the residential schools were a crime against humanity. This led to minor reforms in 1929 but the system continued to get worse.
@garethdean6382Ай бұрын
I think a big point against ghosts is that those schools aren't wall-to-wall ethereal shrieking. Amazing how few know about them.
@Anything_RandomАй бұрын
It's truly difficult to understand that there were hundreds or thousands of people in this country across almost a century who's full-time job it was to just torture kids. And they gained pretty much no personal benefit from it except some perverse gratification (which was probably a pretty big incentive considering the many, many, many, many cases of sexual abuse that took place in residential schools).
@francisdec1615Ай бұрын
@@Anything_Random Cops and soldiers don't get much gratification either, yet they mainly work to uphold the power of the politicians and the capitalists. Man is the dumbest animal on this planet.
@msadituАй бұрын
His name was Peter Bryce and he was a public health physician. He was appointed CMO and he wrote the report in 1907 but it was suppressed by the government and he was forced to retire in 1921. He then published the report after that. The government knew about the horrors and they covered it up.
@bilbobaggin3Ай бұрын
hey fun fact about residential schools: in a lot of (especially remote) communities, the former residential school is still the main schoolhouse for predominantly indigenous communities, so you have generations of elders being traumatized when they have to go watch their grandkids put on a school play :)
@dean.mcmxcviАй бұрын
The horror story gets… more horrific
@aaronmelgar7116Ай бұрын
Why am I not having fun with this fact?
@professorrubickmagusgrandi7909Ай бұрын
Angela goes to Medical school and becomes a GP. Goes on long rants to patients about the super interesting history behind the disease that's going to kill them.
@cajunguy6502Ай бұрын
@@professorrubickmagusgrandi7909 all I can picture is her in her office, lab coat and all, sitting across from patients wholesomely geeking out about the detailed pathophysiology of the cancer killing them, all with the same energy she brings to the videos. 😂l
@joeo6378Ай бұрын
I wonder how Angela is feeling about the 2024 physics prize going to machine learning.
@BenGras27 күн бұрын
This video has aged like milk (Joking!)
@duncanluciak551627 күн бұрын
"mAcHiNe lEaRnInG iS cLoSeLy rElAtEd tO pHySiCs" Tell such buffoons to fuck off.
@CashedoutLookingup21 күн бұрын
This the video I'm waiting for lol
@AvalonisHere6 күн бұрын
I think she'd be really, really disappointed in you, actually. The neural network research the 2024 Nobel price in physics was awarded for has nothing to do with the Generative AI that people have chosen to lens the culture war through. If you think Dr Colier would resent it because she has rightly criticised the ridiculous use cases finance bros try do dream up for Generative AI, you're just expressing a total lack of familiarity with the actual science these things are built with. Neural Networks are amazing machines you can do genuinely amazing things with. Hopfield and Hinton did great work. You should be ashamed for lumping them in with Silicon Valley hype-men through nothing but your own horrific, all-consuming ignorance.
@chrisblammo123Ай бұрын
my partner has type 1 diabetes and him getting diagnosed and starting insulin was night and day. So many issues cleared up and it honestly changed the way that I looked at it. I knew people with diabetes, but I had never seen the stark difference between treated and untreated type 1. Incredible video as always, very cool story and some people that saved so many lives. Edit: Wrote that just before the credits and im glad that you also mentioned the disgrace that is the current state of healthcare and insulin prices. Eli lily is a vile and disgusting company that is probably the most overt example of corporate greed choosing to have people die for money. david ricks will never see the light of heaven
@djsmegukАй бұрын
Arthur and Kermit are slowly getting consumed by the book pile
@lettersnstuffАй бұрын
sealed up like fortunato
@ThejohnmillabearАй бұрын
Hi Angela! Indigenous Canadian here. Worth noting that the residential school system was not limited to Canada - the Carlisle Industrial School, for instance, was a similar sort of institution in Pennsylvania. This is not to excuse anything or engage in any whataboutism! Just wanted to make sure you know.
@smort123Ай бұрын
Why would anyone think this is an excuse?
@Greg-ix4nuАй бұрын
@smort123 idk some ppl are dumb
@ThejohnmillabearАй бұрын
@@smort123 Tone is tough over text, so I wanted to make sure it wasn't misinterpreted. People pull the "they did it too" move as a defense/excuse for all sorts of things, I wanted to be sure that's not how my comment read.
@uniquename6925Ай бұрын
I was gonna say, that sounds suspiciously close to the US's bloody history
@gregmc1270Ай бұрын
The western US had a number of them as well, with the highest attendance in the 1970s! adults would punish students for using their own language, forced christianity on them and lots of other horror stories... en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Indian_boarding_schools
@zepic3173Ай бұрын
On people becoming a bit crazy after getting their nobel prize, one of my professors told us about the time he met Josephson, presumably intending to talk about superconductors, and he kept talking about how he could move objects with his mind.
@unit0023Ай бұрын
i remember hearing that sharpless tastes non nitrogen containing chemicals he synthesizes and i’m pretty sure he did that before he got the prize so i think some people are just crazy
@sophiagwenАй бұрын
An hour into this video I realised "Oh yeah this is still a video about the Nobel Prize... so it only goes to some of them... oh no". I've always commended your brilliant tangents Angela, but in this one you've truly outdone yourself. You had me completely, I had forgotten the name of the video. Just so completely riveting. One thing I would like to note, reading the other comments here, even a few pages down, they're all lovely. I mean sure you're a fantastic story teller, but that you've attracted such lovely commenters, on KZbin of all platforms, I think that's a really impressive achievement. It takes a very good person to bring out the best of people on this platform. Thank you for making this video ❤
@johnwest7993Ай бұрын
I knew WIllard Libby's stepson, and he told me that Libby, who got the Nobel Prize for Carbon-14 dating told him that one doesn't get the Nobel Prize for significantly advancing science. He said you get it for first making an advancement, then spending years shoving it down the throat of each and every naysayer who disputes it until they give up and award you the prize. Fortunately for Libby he was an ornery cuss who enjoyed doing just that. The person I've always felt deserved the Prize who never got it was George Gamow. He was in the middle of 3 major advancements in physics that received Nobel prizes, but he wasn't one of the recipients.
@JelMainАй бұрын
In my case, although not claiming the full prize but recognising I'd made the difference in winning it, it reached me through the Press release which explained it was awarded to the EU and its forerunners (us lot in WEU). As I explained elsewhere here, although WEU was defunct and could not be honoured, we were not, so the mention had to be made. Among my better moments was the completion of Gandhi's unfinished business, facilitated because my mother was PA to his High Commissioner Krishna Mennon here in London in 1946-7, and placing him among the unnamed forerunners. Righting that wrong made it impossible to deny my work, as he'd doubtless have wished. Nobody else was involved other than my interlocutors, and the complete work involved a degree of numinous alignment which has helped make it mature over the last quarter century until the other antagonist realised the reality was peace had happened unexpectedly.
@whataboutthis10Ай бұрын
@@JelMain calls for an intervention
@ggarber4763Ай бұрын
Is stepson a young earth creationist?
@johnwest7993Ай бұрын
@@ggarber4763, no. He's the most educated scientist I've ever met who didn't have a PhD, or any degree at all. (He got kicked out of Swarthmore for protesting the Vietnam War, and never went back.) BTW, he was born at Los Alamos, where his mother and father were both physicists on Fermi's team from the time they helped Fermi build the atomic pile beneath the bleachers at Stagg Field. Enrico was his babysitter. He's an absolutely fascinating dude.
@christopherhamilton3621Ай бұрын
@@ggarber4763Sounds like it, doesn’t it. Anecdotal all the same…
@danlwarrenАй бұрын
Watched it for the science but the after-credit bit about access to basic medical care really, really hits home. I don't understand how it's not a generally accepted standard of common decency that nobody should have too much until everybody has enough. I don't care if we have rich or even mega-rich people so long as all of the people who AREN'T rich have a reasonable standard of living. And yes, I am also happy to have my taxes pay for that.
@rawnet101Ай бұрын
Yes, it’ll never make sense to me that the richest country in the world ATM doesn’t give its citizens free basic health care, and is, in fact, the only remaining major country that doesn’t.
@xBINARYGODxАй бұрын
@@rawnet101 because socialism, you commie bastard.... and WOKE! /centrist and right-wing fearmongering mixed together
@whataboutthis10Ай бұрын
@@rawnet101the corporations profit, the government doesn't spend. People are busy fighting the economy and each other, so never realising they could also fight the power The system is about fast growth, not healthy growth
@raskov75Ай бұрын
New saddest five word story: They ran out of dogs.
@davidgustavsson4000Ай бұрын
Which means "Dog pancreatomy: sample number 409" had a very short time as a champion.
@greebjАй бұрын
the GIT cancer research related to fibre fermentation and luminal contents I had to read on dogs was disgusting. The way they would surgically "modify" the dogs to help the collection of small bowel contents was ... from a time before ethics requirements... And worse than pointless, because it turns out carnivore small bowel function has almost nothing in common with humans and those differences actually held back the finding of consensus on whether fermentation of fibres into SCFAs beneficially affected human colonocyte metabolism
@triggthediscoveryАй бұрын
Hey' as a type 1 diabetic who never heard this story, I loved your telling of it! I tend to be forgiving of those attempting to treat diabetes at this time, successful and otherwise. I can't imagine how impossible human diabetes research was at the time. It's horrific so many children were starved needlessly, but I imagine there's an alternate world out there where they killed 400 dogs for some unfounded insulin assumption which turned out to be bunk. I'm happy enough crazy scientists kept throwing darts at the wall so I have a chance to live and watch KZbin videos. Thanks for your work!
@Mighty_AtheismoАй бұрын
I love the way you talk so much. Particularly I really like that you say the important parts of what you're trying to communicate three or four times. I've caught myself doing it a couple times having spent a fair bit of time with your work. It's a very helpful and often amusing verb tic. Thanks for all your hard work angela
@mr.physics2940Ай бұрын
I'm a type 1 diabetic diagnosed at 28. From my understanding, you can have a genetic predisposition to develop type 1, but genetics alone don't cause type 1. Type 1 has to be triggered by a virus that looks enough like your beta cells for your immune system to confuse your beta cells for the virus. For me it was probably covid, since I developed Type 1 within a year after I first got covid. And that's all according to my endocrinologist. Usually a virus during childhood is the trigger, but I guess us adult type 1s are either less sensitive to the virus trigger, or haven’t had a virus that confused the immune system enough to trigger beta cell antibodies until later in life. Anyways thanks for the video! Thoroughly disgusted about the history but also grateful to be alive in 2024 and not 1924.
@xponenАй бұрын
how about antibody from pre-infection inoculation?
@dawert2667Ай бұрын
If that was the case you’d expect almost all type 1s to be diagnosed in early childhood as the vast, vast majority of vaccinations people undergo happen before age 18.
@xponenАй бұрын
@@dawert2667 possibly viruses have protein similar to our cell but due to autoimmune-syndrome our B & T-cell fail to avoid selecting that protein during learning.
@elchef233Ай бұрын
Dr. Collier, thank you for the story, the outrage and the humanity. Living in our large complex societies is a challenge and our roles as citizens is important and challenging. I should however admit one of my reasons for listening to your talks is to hear you say "wackadoo" and "fine". I hope this does not ruin our friendship.
@benshort9071Ай бұрын
Always good to see a professional medical doctor dabbling in science communication!
@denim_akАй бұрын
It was because he invented smokeless gun powder that he was associated with war, him inventing dynamite was a good thing but smokeless powder revolutionized warfare at the time. It was one of the things that led to bullet cartridges like we know them today instead of muskets. So Nobel made it possible to go from muskets to machine guns. I read his biography in middle school for a project I needed to do well on to pass and the info has lived in my brain ever since, I feel like The Gambit. “You don’t know how long I’ve been waiting for this…”
@martian8987Ай бұрын
In time, he might've invented smokeless dynamite!
@bertramusb8162Ай бұрын
But the "early obituary" was still apocryphal, right?
@denim_akАй бұрын
@@bertramusb8162 it sounds familiar, i know he was concerned with his legacy as someone who enabled the evolution of warfare, but i read it like 17 years ago so im not sure. If I remember right he believed that his invention would make war so terrible no one would do it anymore but i may be miss attributing that.
@zumabbarАй бұрын
ooooi'm-
@deaddreamdanceАй бұрын
@@denim_ak "Surely *this* new advancement in technology will finally be the end-all deterrant to all conflict and no one will ever want to escalate again!" That would have been in what, the 1880s? We never learn, do we? Maybe one day we'll get it.
@eemsgАй бұрын
Re: Canada - It didn't stop in 1996, it just transitioned to a different form. Starting in mid-20th century, the residential school system began to be replaced by the child welfare system, where instead of the police kidnapping children and sending them to be abused by nuns and priests, social workers started kidnapping indigenous children purely on the basis of the indigeneity of their parents, and sending them far away from their communities to be abused by non-indigenous caregivers. This is commonly known as the 60's Scoop, and the federal government formally apologized for it in 2008. Except it didn't end in 2008, let alone in the 60's. There are more indigenous children in care of the Canadian state today than there were at the height of the residential school system. The indigenous people I know refer to this as "the millennial scoop." Part of how this happens is a practice called "birth alerts" (duckduckgo it) where hospitals have a policy of immediately informing the local children's aid society any time a child is born to an indigenous parent, as if being indigenous alone was grounds for suspected child abuse. Most provinces (with the notable exception of Quebec) officially ended birth alerts on paper between 2019 and 2021, but a lot of hospitals still practice it as unofficial policy to this day.
@kuman0110Ай бұрын
jesus christ that's horrible
@nodthenbowАй бұрын
I mean, not to take away from your point but res schools lasted until 2012, that's when the last one was closed down (it was in Saskatchewan). It didn't steal babies at that point, but it was trying to end FN culture and shit still.
@eemsgАй бұрын
@@nodthenbow I didn't know that! I knew there were still a few in the US running off of private donations, but I always just heard the same "last one closed in 1996" factoid that Dr Collier had heard. I imagine there must be some technicality why the one that closed in 2012 it isn't counted, like funding source or something like that. Do you know what it was called? Search engines are so worthless these days, and I can't find anything about it.
@TheSyntheticSnakeАй бұрын
To add on there have been cases of non consensual sterilisation of indigenous women as recently as 2018
@davidcrawford9026Ай бұрын
Medicine is just another branch of the state as usual
@JonéeLillardАй бұрын
Getting to see your own obituary would definitely be an extremely enlightening experience
@kanal7523Ай бұрын
Brasil mentioned!! (commenting just to increase video engagement metric, love your stuff)
@raegan_1018Ай бұрын
"edward albert sharpey schaefer" sounds like if an author had two potential names for a character and couldnt decide which they prefered so they just used both
@dacramac3487Ай бұрын
He was born Edward Albert Schäfer. The Sharpey bit came later. His son John Sharpey Schafer (Sharpey was his middle name) died in the First World war. Memorialising him, Edward Albert Schäfer took the name Sharpey-Schafer in 1918.
@madeline6951Ай бұрын
He sounds like JK Rowling named him 😭
@ortervesАй бұрын
52:00 I'll cry; imagining my kid in that position and recovering in such a way - there would be no better, more overwhelming feeling
@OneTwo-3Ай бұрын
Donna Strickland was an Associate Professor at University of Waterloo: UW tells her she should apply for full Professorship after she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2018.
@Mighty_AtheismoАй бұрын
"Congrats on the Nobel! We think you might be eligible for tenure now!"
@paulm.8660Ай бұрын
@@Mighty_AtheismoOr, at least for a tenure-track position, pending committee review 😅
@simonkim8646Ай бұрын
Another uw student! (Probably) I remember in 2018 some of us were concerned they were gonna raise the tuition closer to the engineering/cs/afm level. Thankfully that didn't happen (except it pretty much did when college dropout Doug Ford got elected and cut funding for many affordable education initiatives also in 2018)
@rando-l1eАй бұрын
On this she did say she didn’t want to apply for full professorship since it was quite a lot of paperwork. It’s a common sentiment with associate professors since full professors have additional responsibilities with not much more pay:
@George-rk7tsАй бұрын
I really think it's awesome the way you give the history and context for the viewer to see the patterns that underlay the points you are making. And there are things that I would rather have explained by people who aren't in the field under analysis. And last of all, you're just freaking awesome.
@petersilva037Ай бұрын
As a Canadian, I find the American medical system a never ending horror story... those headlines are shocking. insulin costs maybe 10x less here... and we're not special... it's the US that is the only one that can't figure this out... so sad. We hope you do. It's cheap enough here, we treated our cat for years, granted she's a lot lighter than a human so we needed a lot less, but still I think at US prices we could not have done that. Great Job!
@SnakebitSTIАй бұрын
Oh, the US has figured it out. That's why there's so much lobbying to keep things the way they are. Our system is not terrible by accident or out of ignorance. Ignorance only plays a role in convincing the population not to demand change.
@AkashWShahАй бұрын
I have asthma. Imagine me watching the end of this video and finding out THIS is why my prescription for Flovent randomly got changed.
@Appletank8Ай бұрын
you'd think someone else would jump on producing generics by now
@francisdec1615Ай бұрын
In Sweden we can choose between the brand of medication on the prescription and a cheaper generic medication and we only pay about $200 a year for all medication on prescription except for a few ones that aren't necessary to treat serious conditions.
@DreamThornАй бұрын
I certainly hope that that "$300 dollars for an asthma pump" was just a random number and not what Americans actually pay... Around here they cost the equivalent of about $2.
@galoomba5559Ай бұрын
@@DreamThorn They pay up to like $5000 for an ambulance ride. $300 seems cheap by american standards
@ellasbianАй бұрын
the real horror story is that the "insulin is free now" tweet is 2 years old
@SacredDaturaaАй бұрын
Also check out Eli Lilly's stock price since then. :[
@lunafoxfireАй бұрын
I absolutely love your empathy and humanism. It's pretty moving, actually, to be reminded that there are people who care.
@Kevin-hq5neАй бұрын
I have so much additional respect for you on account of your conclusion. As soon as you started talking about insulin, I wondered if the true horror of the story would be the human cost of corporate apathy and greed. You’re awesome, we love you in our household, and my kiddo told me to tell you that our cats said “Hello.”
@benjaminkaufman3914Ай бұрын
Angela Collier, you did a good science.
@royrieder2113Ай бұрын
100
@prplhrsАй бұрын
The lab mouse statue makes me tear up every time
@RiettoАй бұрын
They also have a holiday in Russia for the space dogs.
@Kisai_YukiАй бұрын
From the context of everything it's just a shame Collip didn't win, but showed a lot of humility in not trying to claim credit, especially after two of the people involved, died.
@p_mouse8676Ай бұрын
I think your arguments about how the Nobel prize works and how limited it is, how they don't have to be the best etc are extremely valid. For people who are in the field, that's pretty obvious. The issue is, that for the public audience that isn't obvious at all unfortunately. Which brings a big problem of trust, misbelief or misunderstanding. A lot of these people still believe that Nobel prize winners are the best of the best and therefore can't be criticized. This sometimes even seeps into the science community. Which makes it hard to discuss certain topics at all. Even when other people are far more knowledgeable and experienced in certain topics.
@dean.mcmxcviАй бұрын
Agreed about the public audience perception… unfortunately.. maybe hopefully one day lol
@inappropriatejohnsonАй бұрын
Edwin Hubble didn't get get one, despite proving the expansion of the Universe. This omission shows the bias against astronomers that make physics related discoveries. Hubble's work directly led to the Big Bang Theory, so, kinda important to physics. Edit: the discovery of the acceleration of that expansion, or "Dark Energy", did earn Nobels.
@takanara7Ай бұрын
They did give out a Nobel for discovering dark energy, as well as one for black holes.
@inappropriatejohnsonАй бұрын
@@charleshendry5978 Go away, Charlie. You're not funny.......just an idiot child. Don't ever troll my comments. You drag the level of discourse down.
@jameschumsАй бұрын
john bell, bells theory - probably, in my opinion, the greatest triumph
@fascistpedant758Ай бұрын
Hubble's data was so bad that it proved nothing. He may well have fudged the numbers to fit the hypothesis.
@tissuepaper9962Ай бұрын
@@charleshendry5978 you know Nobel was an antisemite, right?
@antonnurwald5700Ай бұрын
I did research on how innovation works, and it's super fascinating that you always have the same kinds of personalities coming together. A disruptive spirit, someone with an idea, but they can't get it done. A mentor who protects them and shows them the basics, gives them a place. Someone with manufacturing knowledge who knows how to scale it and ensure quality. And people who do the dirty groundwork.
@isaacdang7395Ай бұрын
totally off topic but i found your channel recently and i have been binging your videos and i love the long form content about just science. i'm a chemistry major and your physics and other science vids are like a breath of fresh air from grinding my third sem of orgo
@EuphratesCanyonАй бұрын
Type-1 diabetic here! Thank you for providing such a comprehensive overview for the experience of diabetes. Not only was it very accurate (you may not be a medical doctor, but your research and communication was careful and accurate!), but it was also incredibly humanizing. Thank you for approaching this with so much empathy and care. Definitely going to be sharing this with some of my fellow diabetics!
@hellaradusernameАй бұрын
On dynamite in warfare: that "You may live to see manmade horrors beyond your comprehension" quote is supposed to come from Tesla (who was also a eugenecist) when he was demonstrating a radio controlled rowboat. An onlooker was like "you should put dynamite on it and use it to sink ships." 100 years later and we've got drone warfare.
@garethdean6382Ай бұрын
On the other hand, he DID live to see applied eugenics, with forced sterilizations kicking off around the time of his death.
@mariusvancАй бұрын
Tesla was way ahead of his time on everything.
@stapler942Ай бұрын
@@mariusvanc Except for the stuff he was dead wrong about or could offer no evidence for, including his belief that radio communication wouldn't work, that electrons don't exist, that space has no curvature, that there were cosmic rays moving faster than the speed of light, and that the earth was a perfect medium for sending long-distance electrical signals. His Wardenclyffe tower project was a waste of money and for all his patents and occasional successes, he turned into a bit of a scam artist.
@harkonen1000000Ай бұрын
Tesla did have his own private naval drone warfare program on which he wrote about pretty extensively, he was trying to make war too messy to be possible. Though one good thing was that he accidentally patented a lot of underlying technology for computers, so computers flourished pretty freely when their time came.
@bloomtomАй бұрын
"Should I go to medical school? Do you think I would be a good doctor? Obviously not … I'm horrible with people!" Most people who go on to become doctors don't do this kind of reflection first.
@GH-oi2jfАй бұрын
How about specializing in forensic pathology? The patients are easy to get along with.
@tissuepaper9962Ай бұрын
@@GH-oi2jf nobody wants to be a cop.
@Henderburn2Ай бұрын
Surgeons!
@francisdec1615Ай бұрын
Yes, I have high functioning autism, but I have come to the conclusion that I'm at least more sociable and empathetic than most MDs that I have met in my life.
@kingofthendАй бұрын
The biotech part of the story is arguably the most important for insulin availability around the world. Instead of extracting a worse kind of insulin from dead animals we can just make it very cheaply in yeast. No animal suffering, better product and a lot cheaper at least in countries where politicians don't allow the price gouging the US has seen to happen which is most countries.
@HebaruSanАй бұрын
For what it's worth, your description of the symptoms was exactly what I experienced, and the doctors and nurses explained the condition the same way you did.
@luiskraemer4062Ай бұрын
As a Brazilian physics undergrad I can say that we’ll be forever pissed about the fact that Lattes never won a nobel or even Mario Schenberg
@robertdascoli949Ай бұрын
It's so refreshing to hear a doctor talk about diabetes in a way I can understand it. Thank you doctor! I'm going to base my life decisions on what you just said.
@bloodninja80Ай бұрын
Thank you for making this video! And I want to especially thank you for the last 7 minutes. I have had T1D / LADA for 23 years, and there were times in the beginning where I had to ration or take less effective insulin. It wasn't until later did I realize how dangerous it was. I am very privileged to be able to afford it now, but may people are not as lucky. And, they should not have to be put in that situation. Especially not because it improves a company's bottom line.
@mapleveritas2698Ай бұрын
I used to walk pass Collip Building at UWO every day for years, to go to the science building to take the bus. Never knew his actual role, just that he had a role.
@brenateviАй бұрын
"Should I become a doctor? No, no, I'm horrible with people. I'm shutting that down." I Loled at that.
@henriandcoАй бұрын
Banting looks so much like Daniel Craig it's uncanny. Also, Collip is the biggest gigachad I have ever heard of. Thanks for this video it was so awesome I got emotional and proud to be part of science even though we have little recognition. Great content as always
@benjscar1540Ай бұрын
My cat Don Diego de la Vega is diabetic and I told him this story this evening whilst administering his own insulin 💙😸
@LucasSchimmelАй бұрын
At one hour mark: This is one the most interesting aspects of science to me, it's built on a collaborative effort, and there are some moments a few inventions and discoveries that will simply happen because all the ground work has been done in the past collaboratively by a host of people, so we end up with several people working on the same project at around the same time, even if later on we end up remembering only the first, or the one that was more famous or rich to get their ideas across. A classic example is calculus, Leibniz and Newton weren't divining, they built upon Descartes, Kepler, Napier, etc. Cayley's work on the physics of aeroplane led to several people independently inventing aeroplanes continents apart in a very short span of time. Science is not built by great men sprinkled through history whose singular ingenuity single-handedly pushes humanity forth, but a bunch of people iteratively building upon the work of those who came before and alongside them, approaching problems with a diversity of perspectives that, in due time, lead to not just breakthroughs but the pieces of the puzzles that those who come after them will use to develop the collection of human knowledge even further.
@samforsythАй бұрын
only semi on topic: One time in high school I was in science class and the principal said over the PA "is there an alfred nobel in the building?" And my teacher just stopped teaching, starting looking under his desk, and our desks and in all the closets...then walked into the hall. Then a few minutes later he came back in and said "someone called in a bomb threat, and "alfred nobel" is the code word for "look around for suspicious packages".
@koavfАй бұрын
You posted this comment in response to a 78-minute long video *four* minutes after it was posted. How could you possibly even know what is in the video or if you have anything of any value to add to a discussion?
@samforsythАй бұрын
(oh also, so far this is a really great video. great topic!)
@Isaac-zy5doАй бұрын
@@koavf clearly never watched a youtube video at 10x speed smh
@minerman60101Ай бұрын
@@koavf it's a video about the Nobel Prize, something named for Alfred Nobel lol. Given that, if the comment ended up being completely unrelated then that would be the fault of the video anyway for having a misleading title. I do understand getting annoyed with surface level takes about the stuff at the very start of a video filling the comments section, but this was a fun little story and you're just being a hater (and I'm of course being a bit of a hater in writing this comment).
@imarobobot8795Ай бұрын
@@koavfAngela mentions Alfred Nobel, OP's subject to their tangential point, within 60 seconds. I don't think it's that much a stretch for someone to hear the name and remember this anecdote. Relax and go back to watching the video.
@mattp.158Ай бұрын
I was almost convinced she is a medical doctor until she said she wasn't at the very end.
@Alceste_Ай бұрын
She had me convinced until I read the comment section.
@dankwojak3689Ай бұрын
Am I stupid? Is this a joke? Didn’t she say it like about an 1/8th of the way in
@DavidSmith-vr1nbАй бұрын
Has to be a joke, based on the number of times she mentioned not being a [medical] doctor.
@dankwojak3689Ай бұрын
yeah i just finished the video. That’s egg on my face fr
@HecVDАй бұрын
Either she never said it and you lie as a carpet or I missed it
@vwabiАй бұрын
Goes without saying but i think many people would love a follow up considering how "controversial"/unexpected the winner this year is!
@mikeymadАй бұрын
It isn't even spooktober yet and you served us up a very scary story. And yes evil walks among us - cheers.
@kunibald128Ай бұрын
Well done Angela, we very much need people like you who can combine intelligence and knowledge with empathy and an actual understanding of the difference between good and evil. I really hope that many people will hear your message loud and clear.
@pascal6871Ай бұрын
Im so sorry you went into this research. There is so much suffering in medical history in general, its absolutely soul crushing and I`m not even a doctor
@KyleMc16Ай бұрын
Yup. There's a lot of things you can't ethically set up an experiment for. But if you don't have ethics its still valuable results...
@jwoeyАй бұрын
That's the video! You really are doing a tremendous job at this. I get very excited when I see you've posted
@williamgeorge2045Ай бұрын
My 2nd child is in tears after this horrible Video. Poor young Glucogon trusted you so much. :(
@boxghost5668Ай бұрын
Jan Hendrik Schön is a shining example of why that prize needs lag time. He almost made it through with flimsy peer reviews and no oversight
@hypothalapotamus5293Ай бұрын
For his groundbreaking work in organic semiconductors, the plastic fantastic Jan Hendrick Schon gets the nobel prize. . A magnifying glass appears and melts him... (View zooms out. it's a Calvin and Hobbes comic) Calvin's dad: What was that about? Calvin's mom: He really hates this Shawn fellow. He says he only writes Umlauts for people who don't commit scientific fraud.
@_holy__ghostАй бұрын
@hypothalapotamus5293 i need u to understand that this might be the funniest comment ive ever read
@s.g.standard6700Ай бұрын
That horror story at the end, it's capitalisim in a nutshell.
@ZakuznapperАй бұрын
As a Swede I’ve gone through all kinds of positions on the prizes, and our institutions qualification to distribute them. Safe to say, the supposed prestige that underpin the whole concept has dubious merit. Even so, I do enjoy that once a year the news cycle is non disaster-based.
@PanozGTR2Ай бұрын
"non disaster-based" that really depends on how bad the committee has screwed up their choices this time, no?
@bagofcatsbagofcats1105Ай бұрын
as another Swede, I'd love to see Peace, Economics and Literature disappear. The three sciences are more than good enough, warts and all, but the other three? Nopes
@francisdec1615Ай бұрын
@@bagofcatsbagofcats1105 Kissinger got the Peace prize. That alone should suffice to abolish it.
@milesmartig5603Ай бұрын
@@francisdec1615 next they are gonna give it to Netanyahu lol
@hedgehog318028 күн бұрын
@@bagofcatsbagofcats1105 What's wrong with Literature?
@sadboyharukaАй бұрын
i cried so hard during the diabetes segment y'all. both of my grandpa's and even my grand uncle have type 1, as well as a couple of friends. understanding how much bleaker life would be without insulin, and how people won this fight against something that seemed undefeatable, i can't do this mannn😭😭 thank you science...
@sadoldguy4380Ай бұрын
I fear what researching this cost your soul but I am grateful as a Type 2
@Pablo-HerreroАй бұрын
I really love this sort of content! ❤ The history of science development is very seldom taught at schools.
@johnreiland9180Ай бұрын
"High acidity in blood means exactly what you would think. If you're a chemist, hydrogen ions in your blood. *If you're a physicist, a lot of protons in your blood.*" It's crazy how crazy that sounds while being strictly true.
@garethdean6382Ай бұрын
I'd argue that blood always has a lot of protons in it, being as they compose a good portion of all matter.
@PlayfulpatАй бұрын
Except I’m a chemist and we would also say protons when discussing or even writing about acidity lol
@whataboutthis10Ай бұрын
@@garethdean6382 smartass spotted
@hedgehog318028 күн бұрын
I was always taught that hydrogen ions don't really exist and actually it's oxonium.
@qr6QRbMBG6hjGpZhnWqGАй бұрын
The 2023 Covid example is a tiny bit misleading. Their work to develop mRNA based vaccines happened in the 90s and early 2000s. The impact of their work became enormous when Covid mRNA vaccines could be developed faster than vaccines had ever before. So their work had already been "proven" and awarding it to them in 2023 was quite safe. I say this to point out they were awarded for years/decades of work (not the days/weeks it took to develop the Covid vaccines)!
@hedgehog318028 күн бұрын
Tbf the covid vaccine took more like months to develop but it's still a record fast development for a vaccine, which is why mRNA vaccines are so amazing.
@DustinRodriguez1_0Ай бұрын
The story with Dr. John Nash is even MORE interesting than 'A Beautiful Mind' portrays. They made that movie WAY too early. Dr. Nash was full-blown incoherent 'insane'. They were charitable in the movie, in reality he was very, very bad off. But, and I swear that this is entirely true, he... thought himself into sanity. He decided to start rationally checking the things the intrusive thoughts and voices he heard were saying. And he found out, no, alien CIA agents had not implanted radios in his teeth to mind control him. He did this repeatedly, and came to the conclusion that the voices and intrusive thoughts were an unreliable source of information, and so he resolved to reject them. And... it worked. He was able to leave the institution he had been confined in for years, return home, return to teaching, and was able to accept the Nobel prize for inventing game theory. You mentioned the Nobel prize being given for the COVID vaccine. What it was actually given for was for the use of mRNA for vaccines. That is way bigger and a fundamental giant leap. Dr. Kariko deserved that Nobel and I would have cut somebody if she didn't get it. She had been telling people that mRNA could be used to create vaccines for years and years - and people laughed at her. It screwed up her career, cost her jobs, but she stuck with it. 'Everybody else' was saying mRNA was too fragile, and there would never be a way to make it stable enough to last even a few minutes, let alone long enough to be integrated into a manufactured vaccine. It was a fair point, as in the lab mRNA is so unstable and fragile that it just falls apart without you even disturbing it. Which makes sense, they're just temporary little molecules that get sent from one part of a cell to another part to send a message, and they only need to stay stable for fractions of a second in a cell. But she did all the legwork. She knew it could be made to work. She cracked challenge after challenge like the BAMF she is. She found a compatriot in Dr. Weissman, the other recipient of the Nobel, and we eventually ended up with the ability to make vaccines that are basically just guaranteed to be safe (remember how mRNA is crazy fragile? That means it doesn't even stick around long enough to so anything at all aside from pissing off your immune system). AND we can basically just... print it. For more 'traditional' vaccines manufacturing is a huge pain, they have to culture virus, growing it in chicken eggs, harvesting it, doing stuff to inactivate or kill it, then get it into a form that'll be stable, then do tons of additional testing to make sure its not accidentally infectious, just all kinds of stuff that simply isn't necessary with mRNA. The COVID vaccine is only the beginning for mRNA. As Nobel-worthy as anything I've ever learned about.
@hedgehog318028 күн бұрын
That thing Nash did is actually not too far off how schizophrenia and other psychotic diseases are treated today.
@BTHobbiesАй бұрын
Who else is excited for Angela's medical school era?
@TheMe9595Ай бұрын
I for one would like a Stuff You Missed in History Class style podcast about Nobel nominees that were passed over for some reason or another.
@joeo6378Ай бұрын
Is Angela diagnosing me with diabetes and suggesting I drink alkaline water to fix my acidic blood?
@dean.mcmxcviАй бұрын
best comment 💀
@RobertBlairАй бұрын
No
@majabiaek185Ай бұрын
don't forget to add lemon juice!
@spakecdkАй бұрын
"-emia, meaning presence in blood"
@stevepayne3094Ай бұрын
Now the laureate, having just made it in time thanks to the critical suppirt they received whilst en route, has arrived at the awards, presenting a near complete Nobel Lecture, where we are now...
@KyleMc16Ай бұрын
Ah the chubbyemu youtube brainrot
@karlrambergАй бұрын
Alfred Nobel owned the weapon factory Bofors and earned a lot of his fortune from selling weapons
@dragoausАй бұрын
He was largest weapons manufacturer of that time. Its like she didnt reasarch the topic at all.
@wolfmaster0579Ай бұрын
Yes, but it wasn’t related to dynamite specifically, which was the point.
@dragoausАй бұрын
@@wolfmaster0579 It was related to ballistite, Alfred Nobels second invention. Ballistite revolutionized manufacturing of weapons, since it was first smokeless propellant, it allowed manufacturing of machine guns. There is reason he was called "Merchant of Death". She didnt do reasarch in the video.
@wolfmaster0579Ай бұрын
@@dragoaus Yes it was related, but the point was addressing the claim regarding dynamight in relation to the story for why Nobel wanted to make the prize. Should she have included it, yes, but it’s a minor quip regarding
@wolfmaster0579Ай бұрын
Regardless
@SchizmatizmifyАй бұрын
Your section at the end is something I am continually amazed I have to explain to people. We really do be living in a society. Thank you for explaining it better than I do - maybe I can just link people to the smart physics lady instead of trying to do it myself 😂
@TstumpmanАй бұрын
I heard they gave the Nobel prize to a scarecrow once. He was out standing in his field.
@garethdean6382Ай бұрын
Are you sure? That sounds like a strawman argument to me.
@Morat48Ай бұрын
I hit 'like' on the video when the credits rolled. But then after the credits, there was another part that made me wish I could like it even more. Great work
@illinoisanАй бұрын
I don’t know if there are awards for KZbinrs beyond acknowledgements for quantity of subs. I think they should have awards for innovating and making the best use of the platform and I think you are the ideal candidate for such an award.
@watcher314159Ай бұрын
I feel like it should be mentioned that the US had very similar "boarding schools" to our Canadian "residential schools" until 1968. It should also be mentioned that even though the residential schools are now closed, Indigenous genocide still continues in Canada (and the US, though I'm less familiar with your particulars). In Canada, Indigenous people are 5% of the population and yet 32% of our prison population (and rising rapidly, by 40% just between 2008 and 2018 (also, Indigenous women are even more overrepresented, at a full 50% of our female prison population)), as a continuation of such strategies as the "Sixties Scoop" (kidnapping Indigenous children en masse into the foster care system (which itself is seeing a resurgence at the moment despite legislation in the 80s that was supposed to end the practice)) and residential schools to separate families and thereby destroy national patterns. Then there's the criminal underfunding of reserves and their infrastructure to the point that most suffer regular 'boil water' advisories (which causes crime which creates justification for all these other strategies). Then there are the "starlight tours", a practice where police arrest Indigenous people in the winter and drive them out to remote locations where they are left to freeze to death. Much as we in Canada take great pride in being nicer than Americans, at best we're half a second behind on the doomsday clock. We're even losing our publically funded healthcare, with two provinces rapidly privatizing and several others looking to follow suit.
@misterjaxon2559Ай бұрын
The Nobel Prize has the same problem as Powerball: One person winning 187 million dollars is crazy. I would rather see 10 people win 18.7 million each. Or 20 winning 9.35 million each. Why not have 6 awards in each category? There's enough talent and accomplishment out there to support it.
@takanara7Ай бұрын
Well, when Nobel came up with his prize science wasn't nearly as advanced, so a 1-person major breakthrough wasn't too strange. And the structure of the prizes was defined in his will. Ironically the Economics prize is totally fake, he never specified anything about Economics, but Bankers I guess have so much power they were able to come up with their own prize and have it called "Nobel."
@guycoolSpore2Ай бұрын
If one person wins 187 million dollars, only one person stops spending money on the lottery. If 20 people win 9.35 million, 20 people stop spending money on the lottery. It's about keeping people spending.
@AnnieRegretАй бұрын
@@guycoolSpore2lotto winners don't stop
@kylegonewildАй бұрын
@@guycoolSpore2 This just doesn't hold up given the sample size. They allow multiple people to win the lottery too lol. If 2+ people have the *exact same* tickets you can't actually just award it to only a single person if multiple submit their legitimate tickets. That would be against the law, in the US at least. They have to split the jackpot between all eligible claimants (if you don't actually claim your ticket before distribution you get nothing).
@SnakebitSTIАй бұрын
Yeah, it's about marketing. Seeing one person win an absolutely enormous amount of money makes people who play the lottery more excited about "what if i win?!" The customer base for lotteries is not people who calmly assess the odds of winning or the expected return.
@earlgrey4976Ай бұрын
You are seriously my favorite Science creator thanks so much for your work
@eridejjАй бұрын
Would recommend "Indigenous Writes" by Chelsea Vowel as introduction to history of indigenous people in Canada. It's very beginner friendly.
@laurakuhlmann1626Ай бұрын
Correction: the "covid vaccine" Noble was given for work performed in the 1980s and 1990s to develop mRNA vaccines. So not immediate at all. The quickest prize awarded was (in biology) for the discovery of iduced pluripotent stem cells in Japan (around 10 years later)
@chrisl6546Ай бұрын
Bednorz abd Müller discovered high temperature cuprate superconductors in 1986 and were awarded the prize in 1987. Binnig and Rohrer invented the scanning tunneling microscope in 1981 and won the prize in 1986. Ketterle, Cornell, and Wieman won the 2001 prize for isolated BEC systems that they demonstrated in 1995. So there have been some much quicker ones in physics.
@laurakuhlmann1626Ай бұрын
@chrisl6546 Yeah, I think biology needs more time to confirm that a discovery was accurate. Biological systems are, on average, much noiser than say a chemical experiment
@middlenerd178Ай бұрын
I think you and my mom have opposite problems. She’s got a PhD in education or something, whatever qualifies you to be a superintendent of a high school. However, whenever a family member gets hurt, she goes “don’t worry, I’m a doctor”.
@nathanielarterberryАй бұрын
Thank you for this video, Dr. Collier. As an undergrad myself interested in research, could you possibly do a “words for an undergrad researcher” or “what I would tell my undergrad self” video?
@MIRobin22Ай бұрын
Came to find out about the Nobel prize. Stayed to find out why my home town doesn't have a lot of stray dogs
@ivorytoreaАй бұрын
The most interesting thing about the Nobel Prize is reading the journalistic summary of what those works entailed and what the actual award was given for specifically. Knowing the topic will induce the harshest cringe to see the essence of the idea and work, broken down, nay, butchered like that. Reading or listening to the summaries of other fields will yet make you go "Yeah I got it, well everyone knows that, well it´s so simple even I could have figured that out." A joyous rollercoaster every year. Favourite time of the year to listen in on conversations of other people in public transport as well.
@honestylowkeye1171Ай бұрын
What a coincidence! On my visit to the hospital, this morning, I passed a statue of Egas Moniz - the Portuguese physician who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1949. His contribution? The leucotomy - a precursor to the lobotomy, from my limited understanding. (I am not a medical doctor either; I went there as a patient and no, to my great disappointment, I didn't get the lobotomy I've been craving.)
@bryandraughn9830Ай бұрын
Thank you for continuing to be the only channel on KZbin that explains things in a detailed and reasonable manner. As far as science goes it's pretty bleak out there. Lots of "misconceptions" but mostly outright misinformation. I'm type 1 diabetic. It's extremely complicated. You wouldn't believe how complicated. Doctors and endocrinologists barely understand it. It's a living hell. When I was diagnosed my blood sugar was 1100. I've suffered seizures and ketoacidosis and a host of other symptoms but I've had major improvements so hopefully my organs will last a little bit longer. You probably won't be surprised that people blame me for having type 1 diabetes and have no problem explaining to me how it's my fault. You probably also won't be surprised that I don't associate with people anymore. Nobody. Never again.
@bhaskarmukherjee4768Ай бұрын
The residential school system also existed in the US. It is also happening right now in India with tribal children.
@StevenC-tb5fcАй бұрын
I'm 69 and I was drawn into science fiction as a grade school student. One of the many reasons SF appealed to me was that science and facts and reason seemed to be such a crystal clear approach to how life should work. It is truly sad that I as i aged it became apparent that this does not happen. There are a small number of humans whose philosophy, if it can be called that, is that fact and reason and science area obstacles to overcome. I suppose I've become more cynical as I've aged. Although, in my more humorous moments, I like to think if cynicism as pattern recognition. I do enjoy your careful and thoughtful approach in your videos. Keep it up.
@immabird7861Ай бұрын
My wife has type 1 diabetes and severe insulin resistance so she needs more than usual for it to be effective. Thankfully my job provides insurance that covers this for us but I've seen the out of pocket cost and its higher than my mortgage payments.
@jaysee1982Ай бұрын
Thank you Angela. I love your videos, they're entertaining in many ways. Today I laughed, I almost cried and went really angry at the end. You became my favorite science communicator in KZbin.
@tedstriker5991Ай бұрын
I appreciate that you used less cuts with jarring music during your talking. I've elevated your channel to one I can listen to while falling asleep and I like it when it is just you talking, without the video cuts with music. With my eyes closed I will miss whatever you put on-screen during the cuts anyway. I think you have something here and there are a lot of people listening to physics channels who want to fall asleep to them. Keeping that away from the end of your videos is great also. Thank you!
@JLarkyАй бұрын
As soon as you started telling that story I was like "oh no, she brings it up because it's probably not true"