Why did The Lombards Collapse?

Why did The Lombards Collapse?
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Shattered Helium - Under The Sky
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♦Script by: Skylar Gordon
#History #Documentary

[@Knowledgia]

Hey Guys :) Let's meet up and talk on Instagram -> instagram.com/knowledgia.official/

[@nlatsos9863]

2nd reply :)

[@daddyleon]

*+Knowledgia* 10:30 sorry could you explain, why was the pope important in this, could it lent more support to Lombards perhaps?

[@srfrg9707]

Knowledgia Byzantines of IV and V century didn't consider themselves as Greeks but as Romans. Greek became the sole official language of the empire around the year 600.

[@galinstoev7719]

You'r maps are incorrect, so sad to See bulgarian history geting pushed and neglected because of Western education, pls draw the map correctly, eaven at 9:32 above byzantiene there is only "avars" shown on the map

[@Elektero]

@@srfrg9707 Greek did not consider themselves Greek before romanticism movement remembered them in XVIII century

[@RedircSiuol]

"But in France there wasn't the Pope. In Italy, there was" France in 1309: Hold my sacramental wine

[@MajesticSkywhale]

oi u w0t m8, that bastard in avignon? *raises fists*

[@jaymesguy239]

Yeah, well, that was MUCH later, wasn't it?

[@arx3516]

That wasn't a real pope, but rather just a puppet of the french king.

[@angrymanspeaks]

This was a very good video. I had virtually no knowledge of the Lombard Kingdom prior to this. Excellent lesson thanks

[@EricTheActor805]

Play Rome Total War Barbarian Invasion

[@cvanvslivs2406]

When we talk about Lombards in Italy, people should always know that true “Germanic” Lombards only made up about 5% of the entire population of Italy in early Medieval period. The rest 95% were actually ethnic local Italic-Romans but self-identified as “Lombards”. The pre-modern national identity was extremely fragile. When a Roman lost connection to the central Imperial government, his self-identification would be easily localised according to his local region or rulers. As the minority Germanic people ruled over a majority Roman population from the 5th to the 9th centuries, local Romans eventually lost their Romanness and self identified as Germanic people. “Germanic” Lombards also quickly adopted Roman titles, names, laws, traditions and assimilated into local population. By the 8th century, Lombards were completely Romanised as their ancestral Germanic language, dress and hairstyles had all disappeared. Therefore, modern Italians who live in Lombardy or have a “Lombardi” surname does not automatically made them a “direct descendant of a Scandinavian Longobard”. Their ancestors either had a 95% chance of just being a local Italic-Roman who had an identity crisis or only carried a very insignificant portion of Germanic DNA.

[@arx3516]

True, but i think the germanic Lombards were a bit more than 5%, otherwise the couldn't have held the locals under control.

[@lacittadellamedievale8492]

😂

[@cookiemonster7043]

You’re clearly jealous. My ancestor has a Lombardic last name and he was pretty white and pretty pale with pale blue eyes and blonde hair. Tell me that’s not Germanic….

[@Kemptenbesatzung]

This is an outrageous plethora of misinformation.

[@Kemptenbesatzung]

Where did 95%? Come from

[@brandon8214]

There was no "Catholicism" during this period (6:10). During this time, the Christian Church would've been Chalcedonian. The split into "Catholic" and "Orthodox" didn't occur until the 11th century.

[@ppaaccoojrf]

Catholic just means universal, and it's not inappropriate nor anachronistic before the split.

[@ppaaccoojrf]

@Vukasin It's really annoying when people butt in with their beliefs when people are talking about history. Hate Roman Catholics or the Pope all you want, but do it elsewhere please.

[@Austin_Schulz]

Oh geez.

[@violenceisfun]

oh no how dare pepole have beliefs on anything but star wars figurines oh noo stooop

[@ppaaccoojrf]

@Vukasin To be objective is to report the facts as they came. To pick sides isn't being objective. Anyone can just as easily say that it was the Greek Orthodox church that piled up the heresies, or that both did, and since there's no one on Earth that can officially and definitively prove things either way, picking sides is always going to be a biased approach. If this was an easy debate, it wouldn't have gone on for literally a thousand years.

[@jesusdavalos1856]

Short answer: CHARLEMAGNE!!

[@elbentos7803]

Avars, bavarians, ummayads and - especially - saxons approve... Laughing in basque...

[@Revenix]

I was literally gonna say that, word for word, guess you beat me to it by 2 years

[@MrZomg17]

Which is crazy because my mom's ancestors much like many other people is descended from Charlemagne and my father is descended from Lombards.

[@augustuscaesar8287]

​@@MrZomg17 My mom and dad are both descended from Charlemagne as well as the Lombards. Anyone with a drop of European blood can technically trace their ancestry back to Charlemagne due to genetic bottle necks cause by the black death and what not.

[@sargylion4112]

Byzantines and Franks have a dispute Italy: *sweats profusely*

[@rennor3498]

After the fall of Lombardy, many aristocratic Lombard families would flee to the southern part of Italy to the Duchy of Benevento which was never subdued by the Carolinigian Frankish Empire. There they would also found a number of other principalities such as Napoli and Salerno, which would serve as Lombard strongholds for another 300 years untill being at last permanently conquered by the Normans.

[@theolombard3864]

Yes

[@Phily3bats]

I mean it's not like they ceased to exist, they were absorbed into the empire of charlemagne as he crowned himself king of the lombards with the infamous iron crown

[@themaskedman221]

"charlemagne as he crowned himself king of the lombards with the infamous iron crown" Well, allegedly.

[@Phily3bats]

@@themaskedman221 what you mean allegedly, we have reports of it

[@Phily3bats]

@@themaskedman221 maybe you mean allegedly about the iron crown but there are no doubts about him becoming the king of the lombards (between other titles obviously)

[@themaskedman221]

@@Phily3bats Yes, that's exactly what I meant. There isn't any evidence Charlemagne was crowned with "The Iron Crown of the Lombards", but certainly he was "King of the Lombards".

[@arx3516]

"In France there wasn't the Pope, in Italy there was.". That's basically sums post roman italian history!

[@themaskedman221]

Ah no it doesn't. Italian city-states, particularly in the north, were among the earliest secular states in Medieval Europe. Sure, there was a Pope, but he did not have dominion over secular affairs (Republic of Venice is a great example of an early secular government). Of course the French would soon follow with their tradition of Gallicanism.

[@archmagus9000]

​@@themaskedman221I think the problem is that pope doesn't give no one possibility to unite italian peninsula

[@parleremilian6879]

The Map is WRONG. The Western portion of the Emilia-Romagna was settled by the Lombards as early as 568, only the Eastern portion of Emilia-Romagna was never settled by the Lombards, this is why it's called Romagna (Land of the Romans, as opposed to Emilia: land of the Lombards).

[@alfredotasselli]

Beautiful video as always! As an Italian I like seeing videos correlated to my country’s past. Even if Lombards didn’t remain in power for a long period of time, nowadays a modern Italian region is called Lombardia (Lombardy), it’s incredible.

[@pnkcnlng228]

It's called lombardy because Lombards still live in that region, we still exist

[@awkrdcyborg]

And they have ac milan

[@casteddu6740]

@@pnkcnlng228 umh, pretty sure it's not true. Only 2% of modern lombards blood is from the Germanic lombards. The region is called lombardy because it was the Center of their Kingdom though in the middle ages lombardy was a geographic name which refered to northern Italy.

[@unknownzzz5115]

@@casteddu6740 genetically speaking in Lombardy the impact is not that big (Veneto had a bit more of it) but there are areas (like the Crema area) where almost every little town has a name derived from the Lombards (those which end in -engo)

[@casteddu6740]

@@unknownzzz5115 yeah but just as you said it's a small area There are also places in extrem southern Italy with Germanic impact but some people even call them arabs

[@casslane3932]

would have been so cool if some kind of latin italion roman group managed to hold onto italy

[@davidecasiraghi2320]

Yes, it actually happened. In the city of Ravenna, a group of romans withstood the collapse of the Empire and the barbarian invasions. Fun Fact: the region around Ravenna is called “Romagna” that derives from “Romans” and was called this way because there were still unbroken romans there.

[@Phily3bats]

@@davidecasiraghi2320 they were byzantines not western romans The name derives from the fact that in the past the byzantine empire was considered the roman empire at 360 degrees, espacialy by foreigners or invadors. But let's be' clear Ravenna was not realy linked to the western empire as we could imagine

[@davidecasiraghi2320]

Filippo Pasqualini Yes, I know. I made a generalisation by calling the bizantines “romans”. Even tough theorically they were still part of the Roman Empire and resisted surrounded by the longobards for many decades even after the Eastern Roman Empire retired from the Italian peninsula.

[@paulmayson3129]

@Frenchmen Exactly. And what did they do? They attacked, raped and sacked Nova Roma, capital of the Roman Empire, the one who had provided them for their protection and construction of their city...

[@gyozanomics]

yeah but who would it even be the Latinii genocided all the Lati tribes and then when the Etruscans almost took Rome, the Romans themselves saved the city and promptly helped the Latinii to genocide them, too lmao

[@arx3516]

There's a reason why Rosamund killed Alboin, he made her drink from the skull of her father!

[@urfalinazo7934]

Love your channel!

[@droiddrei]

Fascinating, excellent video and research

[@NiskaMagnusson]

Langobards - Lombards.... how did i not make that connection ages ago? thank you for the video, really interesting topic to me.

[@vardansimonyan966]

Great job!!

[@derekjones6984]

Great video 👍🏻

[@grahamturner1290]

Thanks, very good! May I recommend The Naming Of The Lombards on the Northworthy Sagas and Stories channel here on KZbin.

[@AverytheCubanAmerican]

3:42 Ah that's hot, that is hot. Jokes aside, it was very interesting learning more about the Lombards

[@micahistory]

They fell almost as quickly as they rose

[@frose1980]

Hello didnt expecto you here (frose06)

[@AdamMcGowen2890]

That’s what she said

[@benedictjajo]

Just like me when I'm in the bedroom with my Girl.

[@micahistory]

@@frose1980 hi Frose06

[@micahistory]

@@benedictjajo lol

[@logansorrow2503]

Good video but did anyone else cringe at all the pronunciation errors?

[@alex1453]

I'm glad I'm not the only one...

[@mr.pancakes5197]

I mean those names are very hard to pronounce. I do not blame them.

[@jeldibye]

That’s literally an issue on every knowledgia episode. It kinda drives me nuts too

[@alexgoodsir8557]

@@mr.pancakes5197 yes but come on, "subseequently" and "Cathalacism"? These are incredibly common English words

[@swsoldier6408]

Hello Knowledgia, i love ur videos, not just the topics, the research, the animation, your voice, but many other things too! Im about to buy Curiosity Stream, and of course I have to do it from your link;), the only problem is that I could'nt find a Eruopean version of it so I can buy it with €. If you could help me out, I would be pleasured! Thank you forwards! O.K.

[@Max-ts5mw]

Cool Video Man

[@ramiromen6595]

In the end they didn't make anything that remarcable: have a few good kings, have some power struggles, kick Byzantine ass and be conquered by someone else. It's just the usual

[@LuisAldamiz]

And winning all beard contests! Langobard (Lombard) means "long beard", literally.

[@ramiromen6595]

@@LuisAldamiz yeah we don't get badass beards like that any more (i'm from north italian descent and i can grow a curly neckbeard at best...)

[@Stefan0R8]

I know but they could have transformed at least northern Italy into a national state. It would have been amazing if it happened

[@tonyhawk94]

The political division of Italy is like a curse they often end up with a foreign power dominating parts of it as a result of these internal struggles...

[@LuisAldamiz]

Machiavelli applauds, Garibaldi sets to straighten that wrong.

[@tonyhawk94]

@@LuisAldamiz Yes but look, even under unified Italy the North/South division is a big problem to this day. Southern Itlay had big problems with the monetary union of Italy, they started to catch up until the 90's but now the division is once again a problem. There even was a secessionist movement in the North.

[@elbentos7803]

But foreign powers found it far easier to conquer a divided Italy than to hold onto it. Ex : Byzantium, HRE, Aragon/Spain, France...

[@micahistory]

very interesting. I learned a lot

[@jonldavis]

Can you make a video on the Heruli, I can't find any decent video out there on them.

[@jonldavis]

@Sic Semper Tyrannis II en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heruli vs en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heruli_(military_unit)

[@rastrellin1560]

The fusion with their lineage has also produced good things over time, but there is no doubt that in that historical context they were a terrible disgrace. The Ostrogoths had a sort of balance between the cultures, certainly more inclined to generate a nation, Theodoric had been raised in the best that the civilization of the time had to offer. The Langobards on the other hand were probably the least assimilable of all the possible invaders. Unnecessarily violent and stubbornly reluctant to coexist and adapt despite the passage of time. Not to mention the Eastern Roman Empire, that has constantly prolonged the agony when it was too late.

[@grantpenton1850]

The early Lombards were ruthless psychopaths who slaughtered the Romans who had survived the Gothic wars, and Rome's population peaked at over 100k before refugees realized that they could not survive behind the restored walls of the damaged city. The Lombard conquests destroyed prospects of Italian recovery, and initially rolled back civilization by a millennium...

[@rockstar450]

Why are K&G the only channel with the brilliant idea of having dates on their maps??

[@mikaelvalter-lithander1247]

Why is there a portrait of Erik Jedvarsson of Sweden at 7:14?

[@LuisAldamiz]

Great video. However I must say that the map contains clear (rather irking) errors, notably by including the region of Emilia (the upper half of modern Emilia-Romagna) in the Byzantine Empire, what is very much incorrect for all the period.

[@sleepygrumpy]

Absolutely excellent

[@depekthegreat359]

This is an interesting story indeed of the collapse of Lombard dynasty,good friends.

[@phearlesspharaoh3697]

Why are the Lombards always associated with Italy when they came from Germany and Sweden?

[@Giovis968]

Because in Italy grown in culture was romanized in fact defending Italy the other German (barvarus) invasions, because for that times German was savage and nomad ,

[@blunejenkins]

Grimoald king of lombards is my great gpa ×50 but didnt hear him mentioned.

[@cryptototalwar2915]

You should follow up this video to explain the Sicilian Kingdom

[@LuisAldamiz]

Nobody, absolutely nobody can explain that. ;p

[@fabioartoscassone9305]

FRANKly i cant understand why Lombards collapsed...

[@kamalindsey]

Bruh every Italian I met say they hate the Lombards...

[@indianca1288]

Nice video

[@hejdanli]

Lombard King Pectarit kinda looks like king Eric IX of Sweden.

[@Richard_is_cool]

Langobardia. ... It's interesting how the English exonyms are often derived trough French.

[@Cikeb]

Seems like you've used the head of Swedish king St Eric from the Stockholm coat of arms to depict king Perctarit.

[@1KSarah]

3:59 "In a dramatic turn of events..." This sums up the medieval times.

[@jackjackattack1582]

Gonna be that guy... it's BIZ-UHN-TEEN. From the kingdom of Byzantium (bizantEEum)

[@susanmenegus5242]

My grand parents were from Northern Italy Cortina.

[@captainohio8420]

short answer:Charlemagne

[@Xobralvl70]

6:32 looks like the Stockholm emblem thats King Erik the Holy.

[@raphlvlogs271]

this tells us that assimilation is important.

[@manwithaplan5503]

THE BORG APPROVES THIS STATEMENT

[@lunarmodule6419]

Heu... Maybe federalism and reasonable accomodations. But assimilation is not always good. Loss of culture, language, repression of the people and their way of life.

[@romainvicta8817]

Agreed, the lombards were few in numbers compared to the native italians but since they held military power over italy they definitely could have tried to make the northern italians lombard in culture however the lombards ended up becoming italian and latinized. Thus, the latin culture remained and the native italians did not change.

[@zefft.f4010]

@@romainvicta8817 No, they both changed. Germanic influence on modern, or post-Lombard, Italians is very clear. Lombards and Latins and the culture of the distinct Italian states merged into what we know as Italians today.

[@zefft.f4010]

@Platinum Sure. But it isnt just Lombard influence either. Before them, it was the Goths, Greeks and Vandals and after them Normans, Germans, Franks, Spanish and Arabs. Obviously modern Italian is not the same as Roman latin and the influences that made modern Italy are diverse, not latin alone. Think of latin as the glue that fused all of those influences together to make Italian.

[@joejones323]

Just found out king lethuc is my ancestor, that’s why I’m here.

[@moviemonster2083]

In the seventh century, The Byzantines were NOT 'Catholics' but Nicenes. Western Latin Christians would become known as Catholics only after the Schism separated Greek Orthodoxy from the Latin West.

[@sergiopiparo4084]

The Lombards became part of the Holy Roman Empire

[@blackwidowsm]

Sergio Piparo charlemagne was the don of Charles Martel leader of Franks. Charlemsgne when Charlemagne founded Holy Roman Empire he Assimilation Roman civilization, culture education architecture into the their way of life. Modeling the new empire on the old empire. When he was running the Holy Roman Empire was a force to be reckoned with his father, Charles Martel who perhaps is greatest defender West has ever had when he turned back the moors advance into Southern Europe .

[@tarcisiotidini4662]

NOT Lombards, but Langobards

[@sway4everything]

It was probably due to heat exhaustion or a dizzy spell. That's why I've collapsed in the past, so based on my monolithic existence and accompanying anecdotes, I'm obviously right ;)

[@planescaped]

I know you're joking, but oh internets.... how you have molded society... IRL is gonna become 4chan soon.

[@neymarmessironaldo5881]

r u high?

[@3rdeyekweenmaat899]

Thanks

[@davidegaribaldi1503]

Fun fatct, the italian word for war is "guerra" which comes from the longobards' language

[@sztallone415]

eh, then how come guerra has cognates in western romance languages?

[@gs7828]

​@@sztallone415 Bellum is the latin word. We use it as an adjective in Italian: "bellico/a".

[@lourencoalmada1305]

In Portuguese it also is guerra, but we weren't occupied by the Lombards...

[@tonyhawk94]

No "guerra" comes from old Frankish "Werra". en.wiktionary.org/wiki/guerre

[@sztallone415]

@@lourencoalmada1305 Visigoths, and before that, the Sueves/Suebi and other Germanic tribes

[@tyrantphotius_7948]

Very nice video as always. From a Greek. Byzantine actually !

[@eddylu2344]

Anatolian Roman empire no "bizant"

[@eliaspapanikolaou3563]

@@eddylu2344 people must stop to advice the Greeks direct claimers of the Empire how will call themselves

[@neymarmessironaldo5881]

@@eliaspapanikolaou3563 sure, after you stop telling the Republic of Macedonia that they are not in fact macedonians

[@eliaspapanikolaou3563]

@@neymarmessironaldo5881 they are not Macedonians, by the meaning they try to convince they are, since most of them are slavs ,who came in balcans ,600 years after Alexander s death ,and since the older inhabitants of the region ( their modern country) where Dardanians a Barbaric tribe simmilar to Illirians ,who Philip Alexanders fathered conqer only the south part of their modern country only because they creat problems to the border line * ( same reason he did with the Illirians and Later Alexander s with Thracians he extend Macedonian controll all the way to Danube River to secure his back before the Asian campaign) today those Fellows instand o proof that they related with Ancient Macedonians, they declare a hate war against Greek s full of dushinformations and lies ..

[@neymarmessironaldo5881]

@@eliaspapanikolaou3563 im well aware of the genesis of the people living in macedonia pal. im just saying that you cant expect others to stop questioning u about ur roman heritage

[@boratsagdiyev9829]

The reason why Italy didn't unified

[@gs7828]

Spot on.

[@LuisAldamiz]

Not really: you should blame many others at least as much if not even more: the Pope, Byzantium, the Franks and later their HRE heirs, to some extent the very petty interests of the Italian elites themselves, later also the intervention of other foreign powers (Anjou-France on one side, Aragon-Habsburgs-Austria on the other). In the end it was unified anyhow, you just had to summon Garibaldi and the power of Revolution!

[@Sumamelaradio]

Image if italy unified with the longobard

[@iceking6987]

A lot of adds for a ten minute video....

[@Doc_Tar]

This goes a long way towards explaining why medieval Italy was a bunch of city states and wouldn't unify until the 19th century.

[@LuisAldamiz]

To some extent maybe. The fact that Italy (Northern Italy, including Tuscany) became a (not always duly attended) "protectorate" of Germany under the Holy Roman Empire (seeking partly the Papal sanction) is surely much more important. The city-state of Venice (and to some extent others such as Amalfi or even Genoa) owe more to Byzantine (also insecure) domination of the peninsula, while other city states such as Florence or Milan would only arise later in what we can call "proto-burgeois revolutions", leading to effective but fragmented independence of Italy in the Late Middle Ages (14th century especially). This fragmentation in turn was used by foreign powers to set foot in Italy (again), beginning by the Anjou dynasty (linked to France but autonomous), followed by Aragon, which would become part of the Habsburg Crown, i.e. "Spain" and "Austria", who would dominate Italy the following many centuries (with occasional French intervention). I'd add that the formation of the Papal State around Rome was decisive in keeping Italy divided. This was done in two or three phases: first by the Duchy of Rome becoming a Byzantine protectorate, then briefly a Lombard protectorate and finally a Frankish (Carolingian) one. Afterwards nobody dared to touch it (other than the occasional sacking) until the Garibaldines did. Current Vatican City was a creation of Mussolini.

[@gregkosinski2303]

⁠@@LuisAldamizI also think there was a general driving force in recorded history where areas suited to large % of merchant activity tended to produce city-states like in northern Italy, Ancient Greece, the Hanseatic league, etc. the feudal system was very much a way to structure areas with vast swathes of arable land, especially ones without large natural barriers. But ports did better relying on walls and navies, and tended to have more layers of stratification. Plus we have hindsight bias. Why should it be obvious that Italy would unify but Iberia wouldn’t? That’s just how history shook out.

[@LuisAldamiz]

@@gregkosinski2303 - Iberia has always been a colonial land, while Italy was unified by Rome itself first of all. Previously it was rather marginal and lacked the mineral riches of Iberia but it was much more central in terms of historical evolution through the geography, while Iberia was very peripheral and could not keep the pace because of its remoteness from everything else. It had opportunities under the Muslim rule but especially in the Early Modern Age, when the conquest of much of America provided Castile with almost endless resources, however Charles V squandered that all by putting Iberia at the service of his German ambitions, while his son Philip II did pretty much the same in the Low Countries. And thus Iberia, instead of developing like Britain, became a colony of Belgium and other European powers (Germany, France, England) to this very day. It's more than just trade, it's also not being the agrarian semi-colonial fool who sells the wool to Flanders so they make much more money by turning it to cloth. That's what the Italians avoided in the time of the republics and England achieved with Elizabeth I and her rejection to get all the Low Countries as poisoned dowry for a marriage with the Spanish Crown. Otherwise Britain would also probably be a barely developed place subservient to other powers.

[@user-mt8jt4uk3b]

Ostrogoth version 👀

[@bophadesnutz1227]

Desiderius is a direct ancestor of mine. It’s a shame his legacy was that of being defeated by Charlemagne

[@antonioklaic4839]

Charlemagne is too since every European has a relation to him as well

[@Flow86767]

You should make him proud by changing the tides of history in CK2 as him.

[@LuisAldamiz]

Can you prove it? I have Italian aristocratic ancestors and they are impossible to trace before the Late Middle Ages at best.

[@LuisAldamiz]

@@antonioklaic4839 - Assuming he left any surviving line, certainly not a patriliineal one: those went all extinct.

[@antonioklaic4839]

@@LuisAldamiz yeah, it's probably a relation, not direct descent.

[@brandonwalker5011]

2:10 That is not how subsequently is pronounced btw.

[@TheDonkeyJote]

There were a few weird pronunciations. Byzantine, Bavaria, and Catholicism stuck out to me.

[@gregkosinski2303]

I think the better question is how could they have continued? They were a fairly small ruling elite competing with the Holy Roman Empire, Normans, Byzantines, prominent Latin forces, and the Saracens.

[@Louis-yx4xs]

Anyone else’s heart crack when the narrator mispronounce ‘’Byzantine’’?

[@paulmayson3129]

Even using the term is ridiculous

[@panagiotisdouvris8738]

The correct is eastern roman empire or just greek empire

[@paulmayson3129]

@@panagiotisdouvris8738 Eastern Roman Empire applies only when there was also a Western Roman Empire, so after 476 AD the term is no longer meaningful. But yes, it could be called the Greek Empire too, as it was exactly that.

[@LuisAldamiz]

@@paulmayson3129 - Constantius Chlorus wanted to rename it "Dacian Empire", even before the partition (Diocletian's Empire was not anymore the old Roman Empire at all), a bit fancy but it would have helped us a lot to avoid pointless discussions. "Byzantine" is more neutral and accurate: emphasizing the new capital of Constantinople (Byzantium) and the growing Greek or Neo-Hellenistic centrality it had (which doomed the Latin or Western parts of the empire).

[@TheDonkeyJote]

Byzantine is normal name Historians use for it now just to distinguish it from the classical Roman Empire, especially after the collapse of the Western Empire. They referred to themselves as the Roman Empire or Romania (both of which are names also used by other nations in different places in history). So, we use Byzantine as a sort of short hand.

[@rafaelwilks]

9:07 Saint Paul I.

[@Charles36.]

There was a king named Cleph that's not a kingly name. Oh no look out it king Cleph haha

[@AbdullahAli-px3nv]

Make a video on purssia

[@florincatana1645]

5:53 The Roman Empire was restored by The Emperor

[@jason-miller]

I love the mispronunciation channel

[@schmolywar]

Oh and be sponsored by Crusader Kings 3 already!

[@cht4263]

When Greece was a super power

[@LuisAldamiz]

Alexander: hold my cup!

[@hipsteryouth3753]

Ottoman laugh asf

[@SteveSmith-ty8ko]

@@hipsteryouth3753 sad Turkish noises

[@rockstar450]

Why is it so hard to put dates on your maps? This is why Kings and Generals are so much better

[@josephmoore9706]

The Best history Channel

[@mslombard5540]

Does any one know how a bunch of Lombards ended up in South Africa?

[@burgmeme]

Hey your talking about my great great great great great great great great grandfather.

[@epallston6430]

3 commercials in under 7 mimutes = not watchable.

[@rayhoodoo847]

That’s a lot of ads

[@Guest5647]

history fan

[@henkverhaeren3759]

Great, if we don't learn from the past we will repeat the same patterns in the future!

[@shadowrealm8014]

Did the Byzantinian empire speak Latin or Greek .. since the Easter romans were mostly Greeks . If Latin .... How did the Greek language survived or does Greek evolved later in from Latin

[@daviderota4280]

i come from north italy, bergamo(berghem in our language,lombard(= not longobardic german,extinct but ,a galloromance language with germanic influences=celtic+latin+lombardic german).my surnem Rota derives from Rotha,that derives From Rothar(red haired)and was the name of lombard people under the duke Rothar. Lombards were similar to Saxon and some lombard words are similar to english or german..more similar to french than to italian AND HAVE Ö Ü vowels,used by lombards or before by celts of north italy(cisalpine gaul).. to DRINK:TRINKAA /BARBER:BARBER/W IS ITALIANIZED GU:WARD: WARDIJA(GUARDIA) CENTER=SENTER BLU=blö face=müs wolf=lüf crow=crov/crof eye=öcc back=skena german steinboch in lombard is stambeck.stam is rock .stamberga .alsa bank or pank is a lombard word.was a house were people put their money (gold)and to be sure that nobody steal...ex lombard warriors protect the house with people s money and that is a bank...

[@alexgoodsir8557]

It's nice to hear this from the horses mouth! :) I'm an Englishman living in Brescia and have always suspected this celtic/lombard connection to the language. I initially thought the difference in language and accent was due to the Austrians or French (although I was always skeptical of the the French connection due to the comparatively short time they were here).

[@daviderota4280]

@@alexgoodsir8557 Wells.. celtic people from Golasecca culture lived in Lombardy(south until Po river,west until Sesia river and East until Serio river)since 10.000 b.c. AFTER the indigenous kelts mixed with the great mass of celts that arrived from France-Belgium and Bohemia.

[@daviderota4280]

@@alexgoodsir8557 I went to Cornwall and some words...were..celtic(Dumnoni kelts I think..).while in east England were germanic(saxons angles jutes and normans.. well LOMBARDY is a little England you can listen Celtic words(from the lombard celt:orobi cenomani biturigi insubri vertemacori ambivareti marici)..and germanic words(in majority from Longbards and Eastgoth..but also from clan of Arudi..Alemans..Heruls Rugians and other germans.remember that lombards started from Scania(S.Sweden).historical and popular flag of LOMBARDY is the same of England!!:S.george cross🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿

[@unknownzzz5115]

@@alexgoodsir8557 Actually an huge influence in the Bergamo and Brescia languages was given by the republic of Venice (especially when they talk they resemble people from Verona much more than the people from Milan)

[@unknownzzz5115]

@@daviderota4280 that flag was originally from Genoa (England used to pay the city of Genoa in order to use this flag, because that would scare away pirates in the Mediterranean)

[@susanrhodes2693]

Oh wow Lombard was my Grandmother's maiden name.

[@ChristianAuditore14]

What is a byzantine ?

[@annamosier1950]

yes true

[@phillip_iv_planetking6354]

They were much to Lomb?

[@coopgamingduo]

Roman Empire or Eastern Roman Empire. Byzantine Empire is a artificial construct wich every historian is distancing itself nowadays (and with good reason as it creates more confusion than it clears).

[@lm19881]

Lombards collapsed second time when coronavirus spread

[@daviderota4280]

Well..the strongest of us are still alive..I had covid 2 weeksago..but now I must go to finish work(bricklayer).Röthar Lombards..die hard...😊

[@lm19881]

@@daviderota4280 stay strong my friend :)

[@daviderota4280]

@@lm19881 Thank you.Are you from Poland?(I see the Ł...).how do you say Ł in polish?...because here Ł is spoken as " J of Deutsche ja".. I mean:battle we say batajah .we are are trying to write a standard Lombard (that is hard because is divided in 4 dialects: west lombard or insüber=(insubric celt+latin+longobardic)from river Adda(celtic Adua) to Piedmont and from Po river to Gotthard mount=Switzerland . East lombard or orobeck(orobii-cenomani celts+latin+l.bardic) from Adda to Venet and from the Orobian or Berghem Alps to Po river. South lombard=in the lowlands around Po river (over and under=Aemilia) Alpine lombard=in Valtellina(city of Sondrio/Sonder) until Graubünden in swiss..

[@daviderota4280]

@@lm19881 Anyway I like Poland: 1°was the land of Goths when they crossed the Baltic see,and other germanic(Wandals,.../north slavic tribes( lombards whenarrived in north italy were a mix of germans and slavic tribes that joined ) 2°They fought against Hitler and Stalin. 3°I like Poland and for a little time..under Austria nothitaly and a part of Poland were under the same nation.. 4°Poland of today is a patriotic nation as England or Hungary..Italy is now ruled by the left parties (slaves of Europe=Merkel ).They helps all the Africans giving them more rights(and money ..even if they don't work)and are leaving poor and alone the italians..I think:we go to election with parties like polish or Hungarian or people make a revolution...citizen are too angry here.Cześć! In Italian Ciao and in lombard Höe or Höella!!

[@lm19881]

@@daviderota4280 Yes i am from Poland, "Ł" is pronounce like W in word "wool". In Poland we also like Italy even in polish anthem there is fragment about Italy "z ziemii włoskiej do Polski" what we can translate as from Italy to Poland.

[@swagilicouslewie5381]

RIP😭😭😭

[@pillalamarrisaikumar7205]

Why did knowledgeia collapse

[@cristianbistrean7950]

Știu canalul de la 40k abonați contino ășa

[@daRiddler32]

Retirement....oh wait that was the Lombardi empire

[@bwblenko]

How many advertisements, thats ridiculous.

[@epicbomb3716]

Okay so the things that don't understand there is Christian, Catholics, Orthodox, Protestants, Etc. So What Am Saying Is How Many Types Of Christians Are There?

[@caesarion4975]

Tons back in the day catholics were a very disunited people with many people having different beliefs that would lead to new versions appearing and becoming a problem for the religion of the current region

[@sjakierulez]

Yes

[@ggkphilosophy]

Infinite amount. as a christian you can create one. basicly it works with every religion. u can create one

[@LuisAldamiz]

In the past, i.e. before Protestant "free for all": "you read the Bible you are your own Pope", there were mostly two types: Trinitarians and Monophysites, the latter are closer to strict monotheism (one single god and person), while the former claim that one god is at the same time not one, not two but three persons (one of which is a pidgeon). In essence the Monophysite doctrine was more popular in the Afroasiatic churches (Alexandria, Antioch, Nestorians in the Persian Empire) and the Trinitarian doctrine in the Indoeuropean ones (Rome and Constantinople). You have to understand that early Constantinian Christianity had five churches: Rome, Contantinople (just because it was his capital, no other reason, although it may be seen as unification of the various Greek sees), Antioch, Jerusalem (not really important but granted a Patriarch see because of its relevance re. the Biblical narrative) and Alexandria. Rome always claimed (and was generally granted) primacy but it was not a strong privilege, mostly symbolic, and issues had to be resolved in endless councils which debated such interesting (ahem) and controversial issues like the virginity of Mary or the sex of angels, and of course the never settled issue of the complex theological affair of Jesus as "god" being the same but distinct from Yaveh. This issue was which caused most disputes, disputes that became political as Constantine first and Theodosius later made Christianity the sole religion of the Empire, which collapsed soon afterwards. To add to the confusion somehow it was Monophysites (so-called Arian) who preached to the Goths when they were still North of the Danube, with the result of most East Germanic invaders being of different denominantion (Arian Monophysite) than most Romans (Latin or Greek). On the other side, Franks and Saxons remained Pagan and only later converted to the official Roman doctrine/church. Finally there are Jews (Rabbinic or Talmudic Jews) who do not recognize Jesus as prophet, let alone messiah or god but heavily modified the Old Testament by adding "wisdom" of their own in the Early Middle Ages (Talmud), and then there are Muslims, who do recognize Jesus as prophet but not messiah nor god and also rely heavily on a different new holy book, the Quran, a new superseding prophecy by Mohamed (who is not god nor messiah but is holier than thou, beware!) Focusing on Christianity proper, with the collapse of the (Western) Roman Empire, Byzantine Emperors, following the lead of Constantine and maybe overdoing such effort, attempted to further unify Christianity, at least within their domains. This caused stir among Monophysites (of which there are various classes split on how exactly they envision the Yaveh-Jesus relationship, too nuanced to understand for most people, including myself), who may have then in some cases felt some sympathy for the strict monotheism of Islam and let them do or even in some cases (Ghassanids) ally with them against Constantinople. And then there is the issue of the Orthodox Church conceding to the formation of national churches, the oldest of which is the one of Bulgaria and the mightiest of which is the one of Russia, and then there is the Armenian Church which follows this national autocephally scheme but is Monophysite (probably because it originally depended from Antioch and not Constantinople, unsure). And then there was the Patriarchy of Venice, which oddly enough was Catholic rather than Orthodox (and there are some other Catholic Patriarchies, i.e. autonomous national churches, for example in Ukraine, even if most Christian Ukrainians are Orthodox). So basically: Trinintarians and Monophysites and then Protestants who are a whole and extremely complex array of denominantions, of which historically three are more important: Lutherans or Evangelicals (da original Protestants who were mostly about no Pope is gonna tell me how I have to read ma Bible, let's get those fatty bishops' lands and give them to the rich but secular lords, kill those rebel peasants like dogs, etc.), the Calvinists (also Puritans, Huguenots) who broadly follow the ideas of Calvin, a Swiss preacher who believed in strict predestination (no free will whatsoever and if you're predestined by god to burn in hell for eternity, you will, you can't change a comma, you robot!) and Anglicanism (I the King of England demand my divorce, what? the Pope says what?, I'll teach that fat bishop who rules in my realm! I'm fatter than you, Roman!), which is basically the Catholic Church but under the overlordship of the King/Queen of England and some strange aversion to the doctrine of Mary's virginity (this issue of Catholic Marianism vs. Protestant anti-Marianism is the most central of all, because it affects how people live their religion and Catholics are more Marianist than Catholic: Jesus? OK, God the Father? whatever, Mary? Ah the MOTHER OF GOD, she truly does matter!)

[@kerriwilson7732]

One type of Christian. Followers of the Christ. Many interpretations of the teachings of Christ.

[@panos617]

So many kings. But no one united Italia.

[@LuisAldamiz]

You needed a Republican like Garibaldi to do the feat.

[@M.G.2000]

I think that Agilulf or Luitprand were the ones who got closer to unify Italy.

[@smokeofanarchy1915]

Mantappp 😁😂👍

[@mrXOwarrior]

I don’t know if it’s you or your youtube overlords, but I get a ad break like every 45 seconds. It’s unwatchable. The algorithm needs to be changed.

[@perpotet4629]

Weird, I only got one.

[@LuisAldamiz]

And I got none (except maybe at the beginning?), it is YT's algorithm no doubt: it is targeted.

[@communistoof3014]

Hi.

[@Yannis1a]

Because they didn't have good Lombard support Ok, I'll leave

[@marshalllee7720]

too many commercials...