Why Do Pacific Rim Jaegers Need Two Brains? | Because Science w/ Kyle Hill

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Pacific Rim jaegers are mighty machines, so mighty that they need 2 brains to operate, but why is that? Kyle has the mind blowing
details on this week's Because Science!
Thanks to Pacific Rim Uprising for sponsoring this episode of Because Science! Pacific Rim Uprising is in theaters, RealD 3D and IMAX next Friday, March 23rd - go to www.pacificrimtickets.com to get your tickets now.
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Because Science every Thursday.
Artist: Andrew Bowser
Learn more:
• DAVID EAGLEMAN: INCOGNITO amzn.to/2pcbqEf
• THE MULTITASKING MYTH: n.pr/2HyCDrr
• BRAIN SIDEDNESS STUDY: bit.ly/2FUAdq8
• ATTENTION: bit.ly/2FW1QPo

[@DanJimmy]

What I took from this: if our brains were computers, the issue isn't that we're CPU limited, but RAM limited

[@axjkalsok1058]

DanJ No, we’re also CPU limited.

[@SpearM3064]

We are, in fact, very much CPU limited. The electroencephalogram (EEG) machine detects brain waves in the range of 2 Hz to 100 Hz. Not megahertz (MHz), not gigahertz (GHz)... just hertz (Hz). If we could only execute one instruction at a time, our brains would be really, really slow. Where our brains excel is that they are massively, massively parallel. You know how most modern computer CPUs have 4 to 8 cores (and a few CPUs have 60 or more)? Imagine having hundreds of thousands of cores, all operating at once. The end result is that our brain is estimated to have the equivalent of about 16,800 GHz of computing power, even though each of those individual "cores" is so slow.

[@Metaljacket420]

But a computer can't get distracted thinking about potato chips. Mmmm... What was I saying again?

[@merlinc.4560]

SpearM75503 But wouldn't that mean that we should theoretically excel at multitasking? I thought multi-core CPUs in PCs usually means you can assign different tasks to different cores, and execute them simultaneously. (-> the more cores, the better the multitasking - compare that to hundreds of thousands of cores) I don't really know much about that so I'd love to hear more.

[@cmdrmike9958]

The problem with that comparison is that a cpu core can process a lot of different functions. The same core can switch from solving a math equation to rendering a scene or anything else a computer does. The brain is made up of many many different cores (in this analogy) but each of those cores can only process a specific thing. In other words, the specific "cores" that process smells would be flat out incapable of regulating breathing while you sleep. while multitasking, parts of the brain that are used for both tasks can't keep up and have to completely drop one task then pick it back up later.

[@Helios9826]

This isn't a silly franchise. ELBOW ROCKET, TAKE ME TO THE NEXT SCENE!!!

[@dankcitrus42]

elbow rocket engaged.

[@notpinky9259]

@@dankcitrus42 elbow rocket LAUNCHED!

[@RedLee20]

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAaaaaaaaaaaaAAAAAAAAAAA

[@gary1471]

AHHHHHHHHHHBHIVIDFHCBUHRFCBGURURTGCGCCGFVJMFFSSIWJDCNC

[@s4und3rs_highhms47]

Ah shit,no more power

[@erinkarp6317]

Thank you for mentioning how false those brain myths are.

[@The-Average-Noob]

My Science teacher was trying to convince the whole class that we only use 10% of our brain and most of us were like "then how come I can move both hands at the same time and think about eating that Big Mac"

[@Dyne191]

I thought the myth was that we only use 10% of our brain's capacity. Not the areas of the brain but what we are capable with it. Still sounds farfetched either way

[@megapapa6926]

People who believe that we only use 10% of our brains are almost as bad as flat earthers

[@monkeymangamertm2512]

@@megapapa6926 yeah we use 11% XD

[@megapapa6926]

._.

[@ericvulgate]

the '10%' thing always bugs me. the brain is a huge, expensive organ. if we didn't need it we wouldn't have it.

[@QuixoticCowboy]

I always understood the 10% thing to be about potential. Obviously we use all of our brain but maybe we only use it to operate at 10% effectiveness of maximal possibility. The movie limitless talks about this in the way that full access to all knowledge one ever consumed even through periphery, instead of what the movie Lucy tries to say. The latter being where this stupid quote is most commonly known form

[@bijudonbosco]

(brain==you) trembling in fear 💀

[@PJOZeus]

Ignoring the fact we're post apocalyptic and have receded from our peak, one of the key things of at least our accessible human mind is redundancy, not how to process all information perfectly, but rather how to process the most information with the least effort - perhaps part of the brain is only accessible in alpha wave sleep, perhaps we shut out periphery information to get a clearer focused image - our entire culture is ignore the 5% if we can get 95 that's good enough - let alone high functioning individuals and deviations We don't use it all consciously. We don't need two arms or opposable thumbs and yet it makes us better. We don't use 100% of our brain, I doubt even 50, and that's just physical matter - even if we could use it all the energy it would take - 10x more than we already do and it's already the most demanding organ in the body, why would we use 10x the energy on a task that requires a quarter of what we already use?

[@srawrats03]

@@QuixoticCowboy It would be more similar to how you only use part of your computer software at all times. A lot of software doesn't need to be active most of the time to do what you want.

[@crdoxey]

As a neuroscientist, it's fairly rare that I see a video like this and actually agree with all the science taught. You've done your work well. All the kudos to you and your team.

[@NoESanity]

I always thought about it like, when a single pilot use to drift their body would basically start to shut down because their brain was automating the Jaeger but stopped doing it for the body, so pilots would basically forget to do things like breath or beat their hearts. so when two pilots drift, their brains are each only doing half the work which allows them to continue to keep the pilots alive. kind of like ram. if you have 1 8gb stick of ram and use all 8gbs it would be slower than 2 4gb sticks using the same 8gbs of ram at the same speed. because they are each dealing with less of a load. (or 1 guy carrying 50 lbs vs 2 people carrying 25lb's each in a race, the 2 people have an advantage)

[@rufusstanier8893]

Nah there's a specific control centre for that kind of stuff. The brain still looks after the body in a jaeger- otherwise the wouldn't use control panels etc.

[@shivjuicinwr142]

Now thats just a shitty example. Those tjings are involuntary. It'll be harder tp try to stop your heart or stop your breathing

[@Nempo13]

@@shivjuicinwr142 Actually...it is not hard to force someone to stop doing those via jolts to the brain, or even via overloading a brain. How do I and the scientific community know this? Let's just say that the initial learning and testing for understanding mental disorders was NOT a kind process.

[@aurelius_varro]

@@Nempo13 Heart can still function without any input from the brain, lungs probably don't but devs could do some life support just in case.

[@sebastianramsey5019]

@@aurelius_varro true but what's easier adding another pilot with tweaks to the tech already their or designing a precise life support system that won't move from the positions on the pilot in the middle of combat

[@justa2332]

Using Godzilla is more effective (FIGHT FIRE WITH FIRE)

[@JPlayer157]

godzilla vs kong be like

[@miraak7857]

Godzilla would wipe the floor with any jaeger or kaiju

[@t-reggs3885]

Pacific rim 3 :kaijus are controlled by caillou

[@duwang4288]

Caillou is kind of a b*tch, so would not be surprised.

[@teheldaskralls4331]

Oh God, GIVE HIM THE COOKIE JAR, NOW. JUST DO IT

[@maximalanimations4460]

HES TALLER THAN A BASKETBALL PLAYER AAAAAAAAAAAAAazAZaAAzZzZzAAAaAaAaAAAaaaA

[@kev3d]

And they attack the Bayou.

[@jaidenlang4991]

He is science thor

[@rorentin]

but magic and science are the same thing

[@ajyu7289]

He is worthy

[@danemiyashiro457]

Yep

[@katiekathryn7153]

My son Garrett just turned 8 last week, and he absolutely ADMIRES you. We watch every BS episode together. He says he wants to be an engineer when he grows up, but I know it won't be easy. If you could give him some encouragement and advice, I know it'd really leave its mark. Thank you.

[@becausescience]

Watch the next vlog... -- KH

[@shawnwarner2033]

John Smith just because you were the delinquent in highschool doesn't mean everyone is. A lot of those kids who want to make something of themselves for the better of others will. So what if they aren't popular in highschool it won't be the end of the world when they get out of highschool they will be happy that they weren't popular because they can move forward with their lives and not stay stuck in the past/ glory days for others.

[@kevkev3574]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/aYq6lmihn6xma68 just saying... lets not be mean

[@Book-xc9xo]

John Smith it's clear you're a hooligan, when you're in high school you don't always turn bad. Only if you are a bad person at heart.

[@kevkev3574]

Results showed that 6.5% of high school seniors smoke marijuana on a daily basis. Nearly 23 % of these seniors said they smoked in the month prior to the survey and just over 36 % said they smoked within the previous year. Among 10th graders, 3.5 % said they use marijuana daily, 17 % smoked in the previous month and 28 % in the past year. Close to half of all these students in the study viewed marijuana as having few, in any, adverse effects. www.huffingtonpost.com/vivian-diller-phd/teen-marijuana-use_b_2468667.html

[@geffbobb5497]

I was once practicing a piece of music and dosed off; however, I was still playing it. Hmmmmmmmm

[@PromethiaSHADOW]

I used to drive 45 miles home from work every night asleep. Wake up as i was pulling in my driveway. Never crashed

[@WhitShiro]

STONKS

[@brickpillow5846]

🧢

[@djmetaljack2818]

@@PromethiaSHADOW 😮

[@seamonster7081]

Say hello to your friend muscle memory

[@ismaelwalath9842]

implicit memory? or should we say, Ultra instinct

[@sometimesmetalalchemist3061]

*dramatic music starts*

[@nicowarantine9661]

Vsauce intensifies

[@curtisgough8871]

Great episode! I'm a neuropsychology student and I love your show and Pacific rim. I like your theory, but I think there are definitely more reasons why Jaeger's need 2 pilots. We saw in the first movie that solo pilots received seizures and brain hemorrhages. That type of thing could happen for a few reasons, but I think the best explanation comes from computational neuroscience, which I think you'd love. The drift is probably a kind of super electromagnetic brain-stimulation scanner that stimulates the sensory cortices and reads localized neuron firing in certain motor regions, which would cause an intense electromagnetic brain stimulation. If the sensory and motor neurons can't fire fast enough, or slow enough, populations of neurons would not be able to fire in sync or at a normal rate, which could easily cause a seizure. The stimulation itself could also cause neuron death and hemorrhage. But with two brains, the sensory stimulation can be shared, requiring less neuron firing. I think the only reason splitting tasks by hemisphere makes sense is so they only need to use one arm and they can have the other free to interface with the rest of the computer and weapons. What probably happens is that they only receive sensory stimulation from one hemisphere and each control only one of the arms, because the tasks are less automatic and require more attention due to the increased neuron firing, but it looks like they both control the legs together. This also stresses why both pilots need to trust each other and think alike but to also not think hard about their movements.

[@WEISSMANGAMING]

This comment may look complicated but we can understand more on this than the video. Sir you better suited as a teacher cause I, who has no fundamental understanding and interest neuropsychology,made me learn more than the video wish to portray. Kudos to you sir🤗🤗🤗😊😊😊

[@JenoPaciano]

There is at least one more reason to use two brains: the error rate when reading thoughts via the brain interface. In order for the Jaeger to move, it has to interpret the pilots' thoughts and discern a command. Connecting brains to computers is difficult. We can assume the Jaegers have better technology than us in this regard, but that doesn't make them perfect. Perfection is unlikely. We might compare their thought-recognition software to our best speech-recognition software. Last year, Google's speech-recognition software reached a 4.9% error rate. That's pretty good, but if Jaegers misinterpreted commands 5% of the time then they likely would not last very long. Assume the Jaeger receives two commands and has additional predictive software to guess which command was correct. The likelihood that it misinterprets two commands consecutively is just 0.25%. By adding one more pilot, the machine has cut its error rate to the old error rate squared, in this case reducing errors by up to 95%. In that case, the main purpose of the brain link software is to ensure pilots are sending the same commands.

[@Jaguar3as2]

JenoPaciano sooooo. Brains on raid 1?

[@Insan1tyW0lf]

Wouldn't the Drift possibly be a liability then? It's not that the software has a random 5% chance to misinterpret a command, but that it misinterprets 5% of unique commands. If the Drift drives pilots to provide identical input commands, then if one is misinterpreted, without corrective intervention, the other will be misinterpreted as well. I suspect we might also see 3 pilots if the intent was error-correction, as the software would assume a single outlier command was an error, and the 2x or 3x repeated command the correct one.

[@JenoPaciano]

EruditeW0lf Three pilots would be better if the primary intent was error correction, but only if all of those pilots could agree on a command. Another possibility: if you can somehow link two pilots' brains and influence their brains to produce the same command, you could also setup the Jaeger to perform the mathematical average of those commands. So, if I say jump left sixty meters and the other pilot says jump left forty, it jumps fifty. That would produce a system where pilots who were more "in sync" with one another would have superior performance. It would take some fancy processing to produce an average command from two thoughts, but it should be possible assuming mental commands can be translated into data at all.

[@JenoPaciano]

Crescent Rose I suspect that's the point of linking their brains together instead of letting them act independently. That sort of technology is, for me, beyond speculation. I have no idea how it would work. But I do know that whatever commands come out of linked brains would need to be interpreted into data at some point.

[@hart-of-gold]

This is a good theory, And it explains why 2 pilots are used instead of 3 ( in general). Because in the first movie there is a crew of 3, but this is rare. Bigger crews need everyone to be compatible with everyone else. For a crew of 2 there is only 1 pair of minds need to link, for 3 pilots, 3 pairs must link, 4 pilots, 6 pairs and number of pairs blows up rapidly there after. If being drift-compatible is very rare as stated in the movie then crews of 2 and rare crews of 3 make sense.

[@almantpavlov7989]

Now remember the film that told us "we use only 1% of our brain!" I guess someone was really wrong about that one XD

[@Onyxthefem]

It wasn’t supposed to be a fact. Just a cool movie. Then people believed iy

[@vinny1895]

What film was that again?

[@ravenslikewritingdesks]

8:33 The way he said "just do things" reminded me of the TDK's Joker's hospital scene. No rules, no schemes. Like a dog chasing cars. Wouldn't even know what to do if he caught one. He just do things...

[@viridisxiv766]

"dont think, SHOOT!" -solid snake.

[@janlim0916]

How to beat Kaiju on a budget: Kinetic missiles launched from space.

[@inkoalawetrust]

Or railguns.

[@davidgeorge2269]

Only drawback is that would makes one hell of a bang.

[@AzzrudinJamil]

Kill the Kaiju graphic artists.

[@toastedwonder6486]

just use some tungsten rods dropped from orbit

[@Corlock78]

Great idea, except for the fact that Kaiju can move in an unpredictable manner. Consider how long such objects would fall for. I mean, the Kaiju would probably still be in the blast radius, but you do have to account for the targeting and all that, and you'd do a hell of a lot of damage to the surrounding areas. They also seem to move pretty fast in water, so not sure you could target them while swimming. Additionally, that would create Tsunami's that would do a ton of damage to cities. So, yes, super cool idea, with incredibly costly ramifications.

[@gator0915]

7:24 I agree I don’t know my locker combination but as soon as I try to do it my fingers move and open it

[@littlecesarv2500]

I think thats called muscle memory

[@dobber43]

@@littlecesarv2500 im pretty certain muscle and implicit memory are basically the same

[@WildmanTrading]

​@@dobber43Or are a least very similar.

[@haydanmarsh36]

Kind of reminds me of how we implicitly know how to walk, but as soon as you start thinking about, you question yourself if you're doing it right and stuff up 😂😂

[@ironicdutchmoonshade1394]

You made more mistakes in your car experiment. You also didn't check the mirrors and turned on your signals. And yes, in this experiment, I also ended up in the ditch.

[@luisarevalo4645]

Actually all those things become implicit. Is like if you see something going to your face. You don't think about covering your head. You don't think at all, you brains perceives the threat and acts on its own accordingly

[@SonOfZeusGaming]

Is it awkward that I actually thought about checking right mirror, signal, turn wheel clockwise, back, and straighten up the car by turning a bit more counter-clockwise, then back to forward? IS MY IMPLICIT MEMORY EXPLICIT?! IS THAT A GOOD THING?

[@ironicdutchmoonshade1394]

drunkredninja That is the most important part

[@qdllc]

Changing lanes is a poor example. If you make aggressive lane changes, two turns in opposite directions is needed. If you make gentle lane changes, depending on velocity, only a slight tilt of the wheel will move you over. Straightening the wheel ceases the lateral drift.

[@darcraven01]

My brain teleported in the experement cuz its weird... =/

[@kayn9651]

What if the reason is actually more simple, though? The Jaegers aren't only boxing robots, after all, they have all sorts of weapon systems ranging from extendable blades to rocket batteries and even the... ELBOW ROCKET! - So what I'm wondering now: You don't have any understanding in your brain of "what muscle to tense to shoot rockets", and the functions aren't automated, as we see pilots use their free hands to operate a touch-display to trigger these functions. Maybe the load on one brain is too great because all those commands would have to be executed by thoughts and neural impulses? But with two pilots, they can use said computers to manage these, and the neural link is there to ensure that their respective half-body moves are synchronized better than what oral communication could do. And in that sense it would be as if the brains were strictly speaking the Jaeger's primary CPUs. And with two pilots it would operate like a Dual Core processor capable of executing two tasks simultaneously without losing on processing power, provided they're in sync? P.S. Love your show, will continue to recommend it to my friends and fam. (shout out to ten-day-old niece who I'll show this to when she grows up?

[@secondsein7749]

Kayn96 the simplest answer for the two pilot system is that it makes pacific rim unique compared to most mecha shows that only need one pilot to operate. That and it gives opportunity for dramas and stuff. The thing is, the two brain system is just needlessly complicated and stupid since they already have a better alternative; body mimicking. Brain interface only makes sense if the body isn't moving, but if the body still have to move, then you might as well just mimic the body movement. The jaeger pilots still have to move their body, thus making the brain interface useless. As for commands on other stuff, that can voice operated or brain activated as well. However, activating just a few functions would not need two brains. An anime show, Darling in The Franxxx showed a much more logical explanation for a two pilot setup. Oh and they didn't move their while body since they just sit in the cockpit so it makes sense why the system was needed. One pilot (the female) acts as the subconscious mind that automatically moves the body based on the command of the conscious mind while another (the male) acts as the conscious mind that gives said command. Compatibility is important as the female has to be able to anticipate what the male wants to do and the male has to understand the capability of the female.

[@Flt.Hawkeye]

I like both systems and both explanations of you make more sense than the actually explanation in the video.

[@Spingerex]

Syazwan Dzulkifli,but does it require a male and female? in the first movie there was 2 males piloting the same Jaeger

[@Flt.Hawkeye]

Male and Female Pilots are the rule in the Anime Darling in the FranXX not this Movie.

[@TriMarkC]

Syazwan Dzulkifli That’s a great analogy to explain exceptional male-female relationships, too. We are greater than the sum of our parts when we trust & support each other’s unique capabilities.

[@NightHawke]

This is probably the best ep ever, 'cause this was essentially a fanboy rationalization, but plausibly science based. Truly well done! 👏👏👏👏👏

[@NinjaPedroX]

8:37, I always question what I'm doing, no wonder I make so many mistakes

[@elliottbarth]

Without watching it yet, my wild guess is that the designers originally thought it would be advantageous, but as time progressed and technology improved, having two pilots became largely unnecessary. The reason it persists is that the cost to completely redesign and retool factories to make just one pilot Jaegers became too entrenched in a "it's how we've always done it" mentality and the steep cost to redo the infrastructure. Much like Daylight Savings. (I'm still salty about losing an hour this week. Every year) Edit: oh. That also makes sense. SURPRISELIGHTSABER!!!

[@kingofthemonsters4504]

Elliott Barth uhhhhhhh... no its because the brain can't handle controlling something so big. When piloting you us a neural connection with a Jaeger to control it but it's two much to control with a single brain so they used two pilots to share the neural load and even in the new movie advanced technology can't help change that because the Jaegers are too big(scrapper is really small though so what ever

[@dj1NM3]

If the Jaegers weren't bipedal human-shaped mecha (eg: quadrupedal, like a dog or cat), then that sort-of makes sense and had it split between controlling different parts or functions (like modern military fighting vehicles), but people have evolved to move in a human-shaped body and so it really doesn't.

[@kingofthemonsters4504]

Jeff NME according to lore yeah at does

[@vladimirsilver2633]

@@kingofthemonsters4504 according to science and basic common sense it doesnt

[@murkywurders2064]

Who needs super strength when you can just tape a rocket to your elbow

[@becausescience]

AT LEAST CHOOSE A GOOD FACE DANG -- KH

[@murkywurders2064]

I take one from every episode

[@shaydetert7]

Honestly the part where he starts explain about doing things without thinking about them, makes sense I play the bass and I just play naturally like it's nothing until I start to think about it ,then I start playing the wrong notes

[@gabrielibarra5551]

Am i the only one that noticed the lane change problem as he did it? "Lol, he did it wrong" *15 seconds later* "Oh, it was on purpose"

[@Codyak13]

The problem I see with this specific test is that cars when going doing slight turns will pull the wheel on their own back in the straight position. So while technically yes the wheel does need to turn back, people don’t generally need to do it themselves and likely don’t think about, which means when doing it eyes closed and manually with no actual wheel, you’d do what you do naturally, let it turn itself back. One of things learned in defensive other driving courses is that if you need to manually turn the wheel back the other direction, you’ve turned it too far to begin, something that can easily be taught with large figure 8s.

[@NidotheKing]

Are "Pacific Rim" sized robots possible? We see in calculations of how Volume and Surface Area don't scale at the same rate as Surface Area increases, so wouldn't they be too heavy to operate properly?

[@hectoraccented5312]

Nuclear reactors, you have all the energy you want (dissipation of heat however...), with enough powerful motors (electric will suffice??) and thin enough armor... maybe?

[@gonderage]

That, and consider the anatomy. A gigantic humanoid would need gigantic legs and feet to sustain balance and weight. If it has legs as thin as a humans' legs, but has an insanely disproportionate weight distribution, it'd fall over. Or we could use jets to aid in balance but it'd add more weight anyway.

[@azrul666]

This. I’m more interested in how they managed to conjure up enough titanium/steel or whatever metal that’s required to build those Jaegers, let alone one. Like in the Gundam universe, this was solved by mining in the asteroid belts. They also used ultra compact nuclear fission reactors the size of refrigerators to power the Gundam Mechs. Also logistically how do they manage those Jaegers.

[@ajotti9037]

As large as they are in the movies and with the proportions they have, they would collapse under their own weight with most materials.

[@aronseptianto8142]

since we're working with mechanic not biology all can be compensated electricity is basically already un-affected by gravity, so no problem with "blood supply" you can use fiber optic instead of electric wire if the latency is too high and that because it's metal it won't be crushed on its own weight given smart engineering

[@adam346]

Still does not explain why they keep yelling out what they are doing!

[@that1nerdyblackgirl736]

adam because it looks cool

[@CivilianZero]

I imagine the explanation would be something related to being able to better focus on one action if you vocalize it and it could assist in keeping in sync in a stressful situation.

[@troglodytezero1697]

Yes, look to be doing a lot of thinking through the actions. I guess if they would have add some logical science to the movie it would have been better

[@435now]

Voice commands for the computer system? Take for instance the "elbow rocket" You call out the command and the computer sets it up instead of you having to do it, then you trigger it when you're ready. Its like having someone take a bullet, load it into a mag, insert the mag into a gun, chamber the round for you, and then all you have to do is to aim and pull the trigger

[@adam346]

+435now bit of a stretch but i suppose.

[@FavourJaiyeola]

I think this could explain why Raleigh and Stacker could continue to pilot their respective Jaegers after their Co-pilots died. The drift Combines the consciousness of two pilots and also, according to Kyle, their implicit memory. Raleigh's brother was still connected to him when he died, i think that somehow His brother's implicit memory somehow transferred to Raleigh. Therefore Raleigh had two people's Implicit Memory, which was enough for him to continue piloting the Jaeger alone and Kill the Kaiju. This might have been what also happened to Stacker. i think my Theory makes decent sense. what do you guys think. Oh and Kyle I love your content and it has increased my scientific knowledge so much and i listen to it while I Study and do homework.

[@foolishbravery2990]

I just recently started watching your videos and i am really liking the content already ☺

[@Artificer1911]

Will you guys ever make a side program of Because Science for older references? I realise you guys tend to do more recent pop culture because it is what people are interested in and so it brings in the views, but, man, the questions I have about some old stuff. You could call it "Because SCIENCE!" but said in a black and white, 50s, mad scientist voice. That's right, the voice is black and white, too.

[@rewrose2838]

Ah we need Kyle to cosplay as a mad scientist!

[@sfoxhound]

"Because retro science!" All the sciencey goodness in 80's lycra!

[@becausescience]

Well yes, I do try to hit current pop culture, but I occasionally do cover "older" stuff. However, I'm not very old myself, so my pop culture experience only goes back so far. I don't like talking about what I'm not familiar with. -- KH

[@alexvogel610]

*Could* you put a giant laser on the moon to hold earth for ransom? *Could* you surgically attach a freakin laser to a shark? Could you shoot a spaceship out of a cannon to reach the moon? Could you shoot one off of Mars to reach the Earth? Could Gort vaporize a Sherman tank without setting the air around it on fire? What kind of pressures are we talking about when you dive to 20,000 leagues under the sea? Is there any ocean that's that deep?

[@alexvogel610]

@Because Science there are some really interesting concepts in older science fiction novels *Forever War* looks at a soldier from the 1970s or 80s who's recruited into a new space force. In order to get to other places in space, the ships have to accelerate for some period of time to reach light speed, and decelerate on the other side. For the soldiers, they accelerate for a week or two, spend a week at lightspeed, fight, and come home, mission time a month or two, but because of relativity, it's a decade later on earth. The next mission, which they perceive as several months, lands them 50 years in the future. Every time they come back they get upgraded gear and ships. His two-year enlistment lasts for something like a thousand years on earth due to spending most of it at near-relativistic speeds. *Old Man's War* is based off the concept that instead of training young people to fight, use old people's collective life experience. Recruit people at 65 on retirement, spend ten years growing a clone body, then at 75 transferring consciousness to the new, enhanced body. Build a computer interface into the brain so the new bodies can interact with technology. The book also explores the idea of how you'd build a space elevator, and some other cool ideas *Starship Troopers* pioneered (or popularized?) the idea of Power Armor, and how you build an exoskeleton to work with the human body. Most modern interpretations of armor (Iron Man, Halo, Warhammer, etc) draw inspiration from Heinlein's ideas. Please ignore the campy movie, look at the *book.* How far has modern military tech come towards realizing the ideas of Starship Troopers? I know DARPA and the US Army have powered legs to augment carrying capacity, and some medical versions allow people with paralysis to walk with augmentation. There are some very good ideas and concepts out there, and many of them have seeped into the realm of reality already

[@zombiebrokill6605]

I wanna know the science behind the leap of faith and how far up you could actually jump from.

[@Hjorten1985]

I believe they answered that question on The Game Theorists. I think...

[@JohnDoe_69]

Just a theory, A GAAAAME THEEORY. ugh...

[@maxxrr7389]

6:06 I already am driving a car so I know that I should do a second rotation to put myself into the right lane.

[@TheGoodContent37]

As an orquestra musician (violin player) I used to experience a sense of self extraction when playing a very complicated piece in a presentation. I started paying atention to what I was playing first but sometime in the presentation I started thinking in something else, like the grocery list, or a movie, or something abstract, and then I noticed that I was distracted from paying attention to playing BUT I was still playing correctly and with no error. It was as if I was watching my body play and then I attempted to regain control over my body by paying attention again to what I was playing so I wouldn't make a huge and embarrasing mistake and it was hard to not make a mistake, like if thinking that you would do a mistake and then you do it. I was able to switch between that state of mind quickly without error after a while but was very fascinating to me and I haven't experienced that with anything else in my life, with any other activity.

[@yicongfang8435]

Same with me in the piano

[@cherrydragon3120]

Kyle: "we're all whole brained people." Me: "and some are No-Brainers." Badum tsh!!

[@GabrielusPrime]

Ouch! That's a burn if I ever heard one!

[@rythzx8368]

Your explanation makes a lot of sense! Especially in the case of Crimson Typhoon, which had not just two pilots, but THREE.

[@petermirtitsch1235]

I was watching this and another of your vids and was interested when the issue of multitasking came up. The example given to you involved playing guitar, singing and teaching someone to do this. I think I recall you saying that this could be regarded more as a complex single task. One way to examine that, which one of my schoolmates got me to go years ago, is to choose two ( simple, ideally) really well known tunes (say "Happy Birthday " and "We wish you a Merry Christmas), and start singing one out loud, once started, begin the second in your head, using your internal monologue.

[@AusyG]

I once knew a story of someone whose brain was damaged when he was an infant. As he grew his brain developed into two separate and completely functional brains. He said they are not completely separated as he can function like a normal person. Be he's able to read and comprehend two pages of different text at the same time, able to think about and answer questions at the same time. He said it can get kinda noisy in his head because of the many conversations that he has with himself.

[@RetributionK]

In the 2 line / alternating test, one of the slight flaws in it using timing ( which could be adjusted to get a more 'pure or true time by removing the measured time that it takes to physically switch ), is that in the first base attempt, a person writes from left to right, on a single line. On the second attempt, in addition to whatever possible taxation you would take alternating between what you wrote ( also to some degree, if you just think of writing anything as a string of characters, it might not matter too heavily either way because it's just copying what you perceive as 'next thing', 'next thing' etc. instead of 'breaking up known structured words or patterned numbers' ), you have to physically make your pen move a much farther distance to go from top to bottom over and over. More 'travel distance to write' just takes more time, and wouldn't be wholly accurate as to what your brain has to do versus just what order you need to regurgitate a set of information in.

[@Anonymus56o]

The kaiju start coming and they don't stop coming. Drift to the Rift and they hit the ground running. Didn't make sense not to fight them off. Using more pilots would have been even better then. Though in actuality, how effective is second hand learning? Is it possible to implant the muscle/ implicit memories in an effective way such that training is not a needed factor. Especially when in the movies all the pilots are highly trained already. Additionally, wouldn't it be more effective to drift outside of battle instead of in the mech itself. Learning of your partners damaging past or weird proclivities just as you enter battle for the first time seems a bad idea. (Edit) This is a question that I think of whenever memory manipulation is hinted at. How powerful are implicit or muscle memories when the neutral pathway aren't established. Knowing how to speak Latin doesn't mean you have the muscle movement and pronunciation down.

[@krysle3337]

Anthony Aranas Goddamnit why did I continue reading the second paragraph in the tune of All-Star

[@Anonymus56o]

That's the trap. Muhahahaha.

[@chiblast100x]

IIRC it's established in the first movie that the normal case is for Jager pilots to train as extensively as possible outside actual combat using the drift system prior to actual engagement with the enemy, but that the specifics of the depicted emergency situation negated the chance for that.

[@lordshell]

Pacific Rim deserved more love than it got.

[@MrHousecup]

That was a neat episode! Thanks, Science Fabio!

[@Over10rDPrime]

The production value in these videos is something other KZbinrs could learn from

[@myMotoring]

Because they didn't develop an AI good enough to take some of the processing load?

[@mandocomando9444]

That happens in pacific rim the black

[@wills.789]

Another thing to add about the left-brain right brain thing: I read in a nuerology book that if one hemisphere is damaged, the other side can make up for its job despite being a different part of the brain. This led to the idea of nuero plasticity... pretty cool stuff. Edit: I just got to the part of the video where you mention "Incognito." That is what I read. Very solid book and really changed the way I think of the brain.

[@roberttiller8580]

Keeping the lights on with style and finesse, the opposite of mad, absolutely entertained

[@griffinhall2190]

So Kyle, I had a question about the first movie... Okay a couple... A: How many helicopters would it take to actually lift one of those Yaegers? Cause like, I feel it would be more than four... B: The EMP Kaiju should have worked on Gypsy Danger as well, shouldn't it..? Regardless of it being "nuclear" like they said? Cause the machines are still using electronics to function. BTW, love the show and your glorious hair

[@soundninja99]

I think the fact that the main character argued that Gypsy Danger is nuclear powered is that it would still run if all the electronics didn't work. This means that it would still run if the Kaiju fired a second EMP. Actually on second tought, everything I just said is BS.

[@Corlock78]

Yeah, that line has always bothered me, since Gypsy clearly has digital controls and not analog controls. Like the User Interface is completely digital. I think the more likely reason it works is that it was powered down, and there was no electricity running through the circuits at the time for the EMP Blast to fry them with, but I'm not sure that would actually stop an EMP from frying the circuits in something. You forgot a few questions though. C: What does the Pacific Rim Universe have against alloys? There is no way iron would be able to withstand all the damage Gypsy Damage sustains, let alone support the Jaeger's weight. D: How does Gypsy Danger survive the wall of water falling it when it's already severely damaged? Shouldn't that wall of water crashing down on a Jeager that was already structurally unsound have destroyed Gypsy Danger? E: How was Gypsy Danger able to use a boat like a bat? Boats aren't built to survive the kind of strain being put on that boat. Like Gypsy just pulling it out of the water initially should have snapped the boat like a twig. Dragging it along the ground, it should have snapped in half if it managed to somehow survive being pulled out of the water. Swinging it upwards from the ground, if it had somehow survived all that other stuff, should have caused it to like explode in Gypsy's hands. A single blow to the Kaiju, if it survived everything else by some miracle, should have wrecked it completely. F: How did the flying Kaiju fly so high without a tail? Most flying creatures with tails kind of require that for stability in flight. I could understand it many getting a little off the ground, but getting up as high as it did without a tail? That doesn't seem possible. G: How did Gypsy Danger survive that fall when they did the fuel purge way too early? Should have done that like almost right before they hit the ground, not 5000 feet up.

[@rewrose2838]

I wonder if a _Jaeger_ twice as big would require just 4 people to pilot it? If so, just build one huge Jaeger and crush all the Kaijus with that! (does the 'implicit memory' increase linearly?) -[Super Nerd]

[@hectoraccented5312]

The compability would be a problem you would need much much more pilots to find 4 compatibles between them

[@aronseptianto8142]

depends on how much it overlap really

[@becausescience]

Gotta add that "[Super Nerd]" tag Rew. I don't just hand them out all willy nilly -- KH

[@rewrose2838]

+Because Science Fixed it now, my bad.

[@tupex4424]

These videos are made so well. I like it

[@johnynuke3310]

I think those 10% brain people think that you don't use only 10% but you use only 10% of your brain is capable of what you can do , like you can be a lot smarter & memorize more than you normally do.

[@anovang6714]

Why don’t they just slap 10 people in there instead of two, wouldn’t that make the ultimate jaeger like one dies eh 9 more

[@aluber1170]

Cause, its extremely hard to even make a 3 person Jaeger. Crimson Tyhpoon was extremely hard to make and the only way for the neuarl handshake could work is for them to be triplets.

[@aluber1170]

And it would be impossible to make a 5 person Jaeger

[@anovang6714]

Dungeon Boi sextuplets?

[@ronindrix2272]

Piloting anything with as complicated machinery as a jaeger is a difficult task especially when also having to deal with battlefield tactics. Two brains are better than one. a big problem when dealing with a crew (whether it's battleships, tanks, or what-have-you) is communication you cant deal with problems in real time because human language has a speed limit. The drift could be a way of making quick crew communication possible. Love the show! Episode on how superhero comics/shows/movies think dna works? jessica jones and luke cage brought up dna experiments in getting powers, is it even possible to splice new dna into fully formed adults?

[@thefriendlybeast2613]

Ronindrix I never thought of this. . . . DO THIS!

[@moanguspickard249]

Ronindrix this. I think it adds more experience both old and new. The more they fight together, the better they are

[@garlicbreadstick404]

This man can break the 4th wall and still not make it cringy

[@TransGamerNerd27]

There was a study done some years ago where the researchers looked dta people who had their corpus callosum surgically severed. This is used to treat epileptic seizures when medication is ineffective. One of the things they found is that if people say something through they're left eye they couldn't speak the name of what they were seeing. Things seen through the left eye go to the right side of the brain and most people's speech center is on the left side of the brain. Without the corpus callosum to let the hemispheres communication, most people can't talk about what they are seeing through their left eye

[@derentinator3918]

Everybody has Ultra Instinct Omen?

[@majima-chan6604]

Somewhat off-topic but I feel that some of this can also explain Ultra Instinct from Dragon Ball Super. Since the technique (yes it is a technique and not a Super Saiyan form) relies on the person letting their conscious mind go and letting their body function purely on instinct and Implicit Memory.

[@chiblast100x]

So "Ultra Instinct" is literally just a name applied to how one is expressly intended to use martial arts training? I knew Toriyama didn't really understand real world martial arts that well (it's blatantly obvious in his fight choreography) but that's a step beyond... Edit: I thinks it's kinda obvious, but I haven't been following Super for the record.

[@TheOtherCless]

There was already a term for it, too. Mushin, meaning "no mind". en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushin_(mental_state)

[@CHEVYK10]

I'm impressed with your theory at the end

[@wolfsong7823]

Highly entertaining. Happy to subscribe and see more

[@Sheol02]

So, even more reasons why building a bunch of plasma/gauss/energy/whatever turrets around the rifts would be more practical, than building complicated mechs piloted by two pilots. Won't be as cool though. But on the topic, wouldn't it be more beneficial to place pilots in different parts of the mecha? Jaegers are pretty big, the distance signals must travel from the pilot cabin to every part of the jaeger must be insane. Wouldn't it be more beneficial to just spread specialized pilots trained in either handjob or legwork to place them closer to their area of specialty, instead of this Avatar-level brain connection? Faster response time may be a game breaker, especially since kaiju don't have this luxury. Or do they? You should do more videos about gigantic monsters and how they may work, to deal with this issue and other usual ones, like the square-cube law, energy requirments etc.

[@psycoNaughtplaysMCPC]

You forget the maximum speed that information can travel is c or in other words the universal constant of the speed of light, it is possible that in the Pacific Rim universe tat humanity managed a way to send information at near light speed if not at light speed, and synchronize all the jager systems to work as quickly and effectively as possible or even predict the actions of the pilots, and if I remember there is also an onboard computer to select your weaponry mode so that means that the computer is adding sharing the work load. After all machine learning could a computer predict your actions rather accurately

[@nates9536]

Because the studio had a hard time selling the "handjob pilots" idea

[@SonOfZeusGaming]

Well, Power Rangers do have 5 or even 6 pilots /s But seriously now, the closer you are to each other the better, did you know a GPU starts to loose performance if a PCIE extension longer than 30cm is used? 30cm, PCIE 3.0 have 1000MB/s data rate....32GB/s Bandwith. Now imagine instead of a GPU, a BRAIN. I'm pretty sure distance would be a terrible bottleneck.

[@hectoraccented5312]

SonOfZeusGaming: fiber optics

[@Muninnswake]

You just described Ultron.

[@dringvir8683]

The question you should be asking is why dont they remote control the Jaegers

[@230903shorty]

Nightmare Gamings It's because the response lag from remote piloting would mean the Jaegers would be less effective in combat. Plus, if your comms fail, you've just lost a very expensive Jaeger.

[@revimfadli4666]

Being on-site and sensing the jaeger's movement yourself in real-time helps in controlling a robot form that's notoriously hard to control. That, and the aforementioned response lag

[@CraftsmanShengCanweget10KSubs]

as a remote control hobbyist myself, i hope i'm in machine, i can response quicker, kaiju always had unexpected action as shown in the movie

[@ReivasMC]

because of lagg.

[@tankerblue1626]

just like how in Real Steel, Hugh Jackman controlled Atom physically himself to beat Zeus

[@Hydra_6544]

Marching band proves that multitasking and playing trombone while reading music as well as marching is the hardest things possible

[@savannalore.]

You just made science exciting to an English grad student. Definitely subbed😂

[@hozimina]

You seen have to have forgotten the part where they are deeply linked to one another to the point that they even share and see one anothers memories. If two brains were linked to one another in this form then they soon lose all individuality and become just one big brain and one big brain would most likely not have anymore implicit memory than a normal one I would wager. Also, when Idris Elba pilots a Yaeger he doesn't bring anything into the drift which would mean he wouldn't bring any additional implicit memory to the equation. He simply becomes an additional processor to handle the load put onto the pilots minds. What I believe the purpose of the pilot is just that, to be the most powerful processor and largest storage unit mankind could ever make but since one brain would never be enough to handle that large of a task and handle that much raw info.

[@john11719]

Makes more sense than Darling and the Franxx at least...

[@amdreallyfast]

Not entirely loosing individuality. They still seem to be able to talk and think individually. And why "not have anymore implicit memory than a normal one"? I would expect the link to access both pilots' implicit memories, effectively doubling the tasks that the pair can execute without thinking. I thought of Idris Elba's quip that he doesn't bring anything into the drift to be a response to the hard-headed kid (comparatively speaking) that he was talking to, saying that he could be a compatible team member with even a forceful personality.

[@luisarevalo4645]

mmmm if you say "One Big Brain" that a Point BUUUT .... , yes, they share common memories, but remember the brains is selective with what it remembers, if it doesn't think it's important, it will not be retained and space will still be there. Also you don't need AAALLLL the memories, just the one that make sense to a given action

[@luckycannonify]

Hozimina You basically restated every significant point mentioned in this video in a long winded more complex way.

[@hectoraccented5312]

"they would soon loose all individuality" well, in the movie jaegers were working for years with the same couples and we don't see any crippling or visible mind melding. We don't have any real world experience with "rifting"

[@prankcaster713]

If the Jaeger pilots are sharing the same brain waves, why do they talk to each other? Also; why do EMP's not fry the electrical signals in our brains when they go off near humans?

[@Bladezeromus]

PrankCaster They actually brought that up in the movie, I think. They don't have to talk, but it'd be weird to telepathically communicate. Plus, it's for the audience.

[@hectorarredondo6929]

PrankCaster Well for them speaking to each other i think is for us the viewer to know what they are going to do in the original script the gut and the asian chick were going to speak in different language but understand each other through the drift as for the emo i dont know

[@Jan_Iedema]

PrankCaster because movie needs to movie

[@biggusballuz5405]

Habit, you don't just stop talking after months or years of military training.

[@CherryGryffon]

If two people are deaf, and having a conversation, why do they laugh out loud? Because it's nature.

[@thestressedmaker5382]

Double MIND BLOWN

[@nicholasrose8173]

The driving thing really makes sense to me. I've always had trouble with math and the such but when i actually have to judge distance X time and all that i can do it perfectly fine say if I'm driving or boating

[@SeantheBawse]

Because Science Wait, if, as you stated two Footnotes ago, because Vibranium absorbs heat because it absorbs KE, how would you melt it in order to forge it into anything???

[@ssgoko88]

Vibranium and adamantium can only by shaped once and never can be again. Vibranium ore isn't technically vibranium until it's forged and cooled and adamantium is a secret metal amalgum that nobody knows how to produce anymore

[@thebatchild]

If that wasn't enough helicopters for Gipsy Danger's mass (1980 tonnes), what would have been enough helicopters? Also, if the drift is possible, is there anything to two people being more compatible to drift together than others? And would there be any chance of the pilots taking on characteristics/mannerisms of their drift partner after spending time connected? (I don't even know if this is something that could be answered, since it's not like there's been two people connected to observe, but theoretically, I guess?)

[@hectoraccented5312]

at 12 tonnes by chinook, 165 choppers?

[@drunkredninja]

Long as they're both running Ubutu. Should be fine. It'll cost extra if the other guy's brain is Apple.

[@DARKLE1408]

for your characteristics question, it would be a yes probably, view it this way, you as a normal person, when you spend an amount of time with your friends, unconsciously you will begin to act or talk a little like them, and so will they with you, take this a bit further with the drift, where you share memories, activities and thoughts, and you probably would be acting like your partner after some time

[@erbgorre]

i actually dont think its possible to carry a jaeger like that at all, no matter how many helicopters you had available. simply because youll be running into a space issue with the amount of choppers youd need, theyd have to fan out quite a bit in order to safely fly alongside one another. but that also means that the farther away a chopper is from the center of the formation, the worse its actual contribution to lift will become, as its trying to lift at a worse and worse angle. someone less lazy would have to do the actual math here but im pretty sure there is liteterally no way to carry a humanoid object weighing ~2 kilotonnes with any kind of man made helicopter fleet without having to seriously bend the space time continuum in regards to how many of these helicopters are allowed to occupy the same space at the same time -.-

[@hectoraccented5312]

The visuals of almost 500 helos lifting off, hooking cables and trying todance in coordinated flight into position to lift 3 jaegers to destination and the inevitable carnage and apoteosic destruction that would follow would have been grandiose. Call mister Bay, and reserve all the rendering farms of Hollywood..

[@user-cd4bx6uq1y]

Very good video. That comedic effect that's like "oh, only if we had a way to do the" you know, it feels obvious at that point and you actually think about it and so it remembers better. This channel seems really weird at first. Alot of stuff, but the conclusions you come to are just that simplistic and easy. Complete objects, like, finished and able to add more from all the sides. You go just into right amount of science to allow people to think about the whole topic and make their own science information out of it. This channel makes it full and complete with some brief spaces where you actually think about it. Just need to not watch too much or the brain will get used to, just like alot of people are getting used to the straight out facts no mental effort (which is almost distractions in that case) and just fun and remember but not perfect which kinda makes good parts easier to remember, also less parts and more to remember, while the thing is still that big so that much resources, maybe.

[@ashenphoenix6869]

This was an awesome video so interactive too

[@yodu45]

Soo, you need to master ultra instinct ( dragon ball super) to pilot the robots.....

[@whathell6t]

yodu45 Nope! That’ll be Spiral Power, kzbin.info/www/bejne/e3asXoF5idichqc , and that more powerful than Ultra Instinct.

[@nerfherder2983]

Why don't they separate the roles of the pilots into weapons systems and motor functions? Seems a lot harder to try and coordinate movement between two pilots.

[@DARKLE1408]

thats the reason of the rift, they link brains so they act at the same time with the same movements, as they are going to enter battle they prepare a link stance so their brains coordinate, when they are not battling or preparing they remain connected but each pilot still has his own separated motor functions.

[@aidencaterwall9146]

You take your completely logical idea and get out. We'll have none of that here. All kidding aside, it's because it's a movie and the writer thought it was a good idea. It's not something we'd actually do. If a giant monster like that attacked, we'd blast it with missiles and if it's hide was too tough for that, we'd shoot metal telephone poles at it via a rail gun. As totally awesome as giant robots are, they wouldn't be very effective for war.

[@5punkybob]

Because it won't work... I used to play mechmarrior with my mate and one would "drive" and the other would shoot and the driving would move when the other wanted to shoot and it was a huge mess. It only works if you have turrets thatove and fire independently.

[@mystirboy]

To take it even further, why not use body motion capture instead of detecting neural motor signals? Less taxing to the brain since the Jaeger will literally just copy your body movement, no need for neural interface. We've already seen that the cockpit is a "3D treadmill". Turn weapons activation into voice commands. Have the second pilot/AI work as the "turret gunner".

[@nate_thealbatross]

There was a two player mode in N64 GoldenEye where one person shoots and the other person runs and aims and it was insanely difficult. It was super cool though. At one point I zoomed in via scope at the moment a shot was fired and the zoom followed the shot perfectly. I'd probably divide a Jaeger into legs/balance and arms weapons, but it certainly can be done.

[@BONKS...]

When I was 3 to 6 I was confused of it but now thank you for making this cause I know it so much

[@valtersplume3726]

You should explain kaiju abilities, like how they generate EMP and acid.

[@ruskokollektiv5457]

So, I'm watching this week's episode but I've been working on a correction. I know everyone will hate me but I decided to go back to Vibranium. I wanted to know how big the Wakandan asteroid had to be to have a FINAL mass of 10,000 tons on the ground, since weighing it after and thinking that was the pre-impact mass seems to be counter-productive. I know you guys love when work is shown, so get ready for math. So first I had to figure out the math you referenced about what the size would be with the lower density from MCU: Vibranium has a density of 2.62g/cm3 907185g in (short) ton * 10000tons = 9071850000g 9071850000 / 2.62g = 3462538167.94cm3 3449372623.57cm3 to 3462.53m3 3462.53m3 area = 9.385m sphere (minimum 25m to survive) But the vibranium is mixed 50% with something else. I say we go as light as possible to make it bigger. Let's go with ice. Ice density is 1000kg/m3 9071850000g / 1g/cm3 = 9071850000cm3 9071850000cm3 to 9072m3 9072m3 area = 12.94m (ice) + 9.385m (vibranium) = 22.325m sphere (Getting closer!) Next, we need to find out the effects of atmospheric entry on the vibranium/ice asteroid. I couldn't find easily digestible calculations (swear I'm just a layman) so I played around with the Imperial College of London Earth Impact Effects Program online calculator (link below). I decided to use a projectile density of 1810kg/m3 to best simulate a mix of vibranium/ice, impact speed of 72km/s since this is an extrasolar asteroid, and impact angle of 45deg as that's most likely. I found it difficult to figure out the amount of the asteroid that would reach the ground, but it seems like as low as 3/4 of the impact melt rock would be. So I assumed (this is big and probably horribly incorrect) that the totality of the leftover asteroid would be found in the impact melt rock within the crater since that's what it looks like we see in the movie. I also assume that vibranium vaporizes at the same rate as any other metal upon atmospheric entry. That led me to making this ridiculous equation: t*d=x*.75=y 't' is melt crater thickness 'd' is final crater diameter .75 to approximate the impact melt rock composition Trying to get to 10,000 tons vibranium on the ground in our 50% mix asteroid means y > 12534.53m3, which also means x > 16720m3. Plugging in numbers into the ICL Impact Effects Program calculator seems to show that getting that exact amount on the ground is difficult, but possible. You either airburst at a low amount or have to start with a, frankly, gigantic starting asteroid. Now, understanding that my math is probably off and I've got a few big and likely incorrect assumptions, the closest I could reliably get from playing around with the calculator gets us to: 188m (!!!!) round vibranium/ice asteroid impact 4.5km final crater diameter 3.78m average thickness impact melt rock 17010m3 total impact melt rock at 75% vibranium composition 12757.5m3 vibranium/ice meteoroid buried in Wakanda (Other fun sciencey facts based on being 100km away from impact!) Fireball appears 6.78 times larger than the sun (4.81 radiant flux) 6.7 Richter scale earthquake 81 dB air blast (loud as heavy traffic) So while just an asteroid composed of 50% mix of vibranium and ice at 20,000 total tons wouldn't make it to the surface intact, it looks like a much larger one could and have the same type of effects we see described in the movie. You mustn't be afraid to dream a bit bigger, darling. Sources: Wolfram Alpha, (duh) www.wolframalpha.com ICLIEP impact.ese.ic.ac.uk/ImpactEarth/ImpactEffects/ www.psi.edu/epo/explorecraters/impactmeltrocks.htm

[@Ace-kk4dm]

Rusko Kollektiv YES I FOUND YOU!

[@Ace-kk4dm]

And now I have some calculations to do.

[@ruskokollektiv5457]

Ace 7299 Please do! I want someone to prove me wrong if possible!

[@Ace-kk4dm]

Rusko Kollektiv Thanks for commenting! I found this on my phone so I can't copy and paste this but now I can find this on my computer easier so thanks.

[@Ace-kk4dm]

Ok currently going through the numbers but one thing I have to tell you is that Ice has a density of .9167g/cm3 at 0C degrees. Water has a density of about 1g/cm3 at STP.

[@thexsoar]

Dual processors are not faster than a single processor, they merely increase the load.

[@qdllc]

Thexsoar the Bearded - Interesting point. Multiple core CPUs and multi-CPU PCs don’t work “faster” but rather process more at the same time compared to a single core/single CPU. However, one person explained to me that multi-core CPUs were not better than a multi-CPU setup because a single CPU with multiple cores is utilizing one memory address register. Multi-CPUs motherboards have a memory address register for each CPU. So, back when they first introduced dual-core processors, a dual CPU system was actually able to do more work at any given time.

[@JakkFrost1]

I think the idea is they don't operate faster, but they do the work faster by splitting the load. Two men can paint a wall faster than one man by doing separate parts of the wall, that kind of thing.

[@cerealkilled3871]

What is your deffinition of faster here? The CPUs wont get any faster, correct, but the task they are handling will be done faster, so, your right having two 3ghz CPUs running together wont make them two 4.5ghz, or make them process stuff faster, but what is being processed will be done faster.

[@ekinteko]

It depends entirely on the software, or in this case the "task". Because Science is wrong in his conclusion, the reason they have two pilots be connected subconsciously to pilot one Jaeger is not because they need two people's brains. This is even said in the opening sequence of the first movie. It's because the "Interface to Jaeger System" was too much for a single pilot. They don't need to add more CPU/Brainpower, they simply need to fix the Interface. In short, its bad software. I believe the Interface is somewhat of an early/alpha build, something they whipped up as fast as possible to control the attacks. I believe the Interface connects the host to all the functions of the Jaeger unit (which there would be thousands of things happening in the background), so its too much for one person. But why? Well, because our brains actually automate most of our bodies functions (a la sympathetic nervous system) so its too much of a toll to do that even on our small squishy bodies, yet alone a large metal robot. So they actually need to fix the Interface, the main issue, by using computers to do the autonomic neural activities, and using only the pilots to pilot the Jaeger in terms of combat. That way the program won't be bottlenecked by the lack of skilled Pilots and incompatibilities between two different brains. Popular Japanese Manga/Anime has addressed this issue as said above. For example, the EVA Program in Neon Genesis, where the pilots body's become the brain of the cyborg giants. I was hoping that's where they would take this series, but a las, it has evolved into something less ambitious, more linear, and rather dull. I think Del Toro moving away as the director, and working on the side as a producer probably has a lot to do with this.

[@Deimnos]

Thanks Kyle, added the book to my To READ LIST

[@SBVCP]

I always wanted to believe it was because the brain was "hardwired" into many many more specific "muscles/gears" and systems on the robot the body is used to on its own, so it would be a bit like you said....but no,i guess theres no reason to do that, in fact it could be half automatized for certain movements so is even easier

[@garrettwilson6341]

Do you remember the game ARK? Well you do know about the dodorex, so what can you classify that creature if it did exist in today's world.

[@ReivasMC]

given the lack of evolutionary proof, it would probably be refered to as a previously krypto life form with an unknown background, probably man made edit* I'm not a biologist, this is just an idea

[@joshuaboyd2079]

If an elbow rocket is strong enough to drag you along with it would it not rip off your arm?

[@hectoraccented5312]

Have you ever seen kids playing hard? I would be more concerned with not burning yourself in the process

[@scottmantooth8785]

not if you had an Adamantium skeleton...and who's to say that Kyle does not possess one in the name of science?

[@joshuaboyd2079]

Scott Mantooth The flesh of your arm would still tear off

[@hectoraccented5312]

If you can hang from an arm without it being teared off, you can be dragged by it

[@joshuaboyd2079]

Héctor Fernando Peralta It would depend on speed and power of the rocket

[@lilplaguedoctor5557]

For the activity of changing lanes, I went through many more steps than just turning the wheel. 1. blinker, 2, automatic want to open my eyes and look over my shoulder and at mirrors. 3, turn once, turn back, straighten out. 4, open eyes.

[@Eneov]

Love what you guys do.

[@EguiulNava]

4:02 thumbs up if you didn't write shit.

[@maxwellmendo2828]

Eguiul Nava inwas making dinner :c sorry Kayle

[@SantaWithGuns]

It's a damn interesting lesson if you do though. There's no way in hell you could write all of it out fast enough when multitasking, than when you were trying to write one thing at a time.

[@alphabangura8291]

😂😂😂😂😂

[@kshusband]

Gamers know that W-walk forward A-walk left D-walk right and S-walk backwards

[@evanroberts2771]

Pro gamers remap those keys to the arrow keys...

[@dobber43]

So i watched an anime that aired recently called no guns life and they had robotic body parts controlled by what was called a sub brain and from what i understand it worked more like a translator where when you wanted to move, the sub brain determined exactly what that meant to do where instead of pushinh a button and getting a simple response it was more like hitting a macro key

[@ultrafist7637]

Your channel is the best because you teach people and make me laugh

[@dragonpower9x937]

Technically you can multitask but only very small tasks

[@kaskando]

Big cars make really big explosions when they 'splode, if you destroyed the power source of a big robot man would it make even bigger 'splosion? How big a 'splosion? (I assume big robots need a lot of power to function, and therefore a big power source...a cars I guess is an engine? )

[@justinthompson6364]

Well, a car uses combustibles (gas) as a power source. Due to their size and the square-cube law, they would have to use a more efficient power source, like Gypsy Danger's nuclear reactor. Unlike gas, the nuclear fuel probably wouldn't start the necessary chain reaction unless there was a very big explosion to trigger it. On the other hand, if you deliberately overloaded the reactor, you would get a nuclear explosion orders of magnitude bigger than any cars'.

[@DARKLE1408]

Well , you have your answer in the first movie, in the scene where they blow up Gypsy Danger, you can see the magnitude of the explosion it would generate.

[@kaskando]

chucho AV Haha wow! I knew I should have checked out the movie before I posted this xD

[@kaskando]

Justin Thompson Thank you Mr Justin Thompson Sir!

[@kaskando]

Justin Thompson Haha that's awesome xD

[@ab5olut3zero95]

IMO, the best dual pilot analogy would be attack helicopters. There’s a pilot who focused primarily on flying and one who focused on gunning and other functions. They are both free to organize their tasks as needed and can switch as needed depending on equipment setup.

[@nerdsdrinkwhiskey6972]

Thanks for making complicated things entertaining.

[@andreirichmondsalvaleon135]

How to kill Kaiju: Ask Chuck Norris

[@raymondhuffman5566]

His pets?

[@Am_Cookie2436]

Chuck norris round house kick them to space

[@konarkmadan4782]

So those three Asian dudes in the first movie were basically OP cause more the brains, more the muscle memory. And still they loose...

[@MementoMori-kn4dh]

Konark Madan maybe because of the fact that there are three pilots instead of just two if one gets out of sync it causes hiccups. Or maybe one pilot only controls the extra arm

[@manchmalpfosten8133]

Well to be fair, otachi was kinda made to fight them with his claw tail basically being a third arm to counter them. Or it was just plot. yea

[@danielawesome36]

Because nobody knew that the tail would be a third arm... Not because of plot

[@JohnDoe_69]

Everything is because of plot in fiction.

[@aznable1000]

Too bad they didn't have enough budget. I would love to see Crimson Typhoon and Cherno Alpha kick some Kaiju ass.

[@sgt_s4und3r54]

A great analog to this would be the F4 Phantom II and the F14 Tomcat which, not being the only planes in the world that do this, use a RIO or Radar Intelligence Officer which focuses on the radar information while the pilot can focus on flying the aircraft and tackling the enemy at hand.

[@benistingray6097]

And nowadays we have computers for tasks like this were all information gets displayed in a way one person can handle it.

[@westleywilson3983]

Kyle you are the man

[@aronseptianto8142]

so what you're saying is that by having 2 brains, they can basically cut the training time by half because those 2 people can train on different aspect of driving the Jaeger because they can just share what they learn and compensate for each other?

[@hectoraccented5312]

They would have all the knowledge but half the intrinsic memory (muscular)

[@vanshitshah876]

Hey Kyle big fan. QUESTION: Why does ant man gets slower as he gets bigger but yagers don't , arn't yagers just like a giant human

[@xMckingwill]

Probably because the jeagers are machines and can excute the commands faster than the human body because they don't used neurotransmitters

[@sushiwalrus5333]

The robots are engineered to deliver fast and heavy punches, they can always up to mechanisms strength. Imagine you’re a huge robot. You wouldn’t be slow because you’re designed to move fast yknow?

[@Sheol02]

Cause different universes. Evas in Evangelion are faster than jaegers.

[@DARKLE1408]

Is not that they move slower or faster, is your perseption of the environment that makes it look like they move at different speeds, in avengers the viewpoint is focused on human level perseption, so when the ant man turns big, we perceive that he moves slower because he has to move longer distances, take for example when he turns small, he perceives us as moving slower, the same goes for the yagers, the film is mostly filmed in yager perception so they seem to move fast, but if we were to took a viewpoint from human level they would look like they move slowly. I think Kyle has this explanation in one of his attack on titan videos.

[@spiritofthewolf15x]

Evangelion units are literally giant humans and they aren't slow.

[@samcochran8203]

I'm glad kyle finally did a vid on pacific rim, but lets forget that it was in anticipation of the sequel we do not speak of

[@jamesmnguyen]

I always thought it as a sensory overload. When single piloting a Jaeger, your brain is controlling 2 bodies at the same time. It's possible but very mentally taxing (as seen the movie). Having 2 pilots cuts the load in half, but since there are 2 brains, the drift is needed to make sure both pilots execute the same moves. (Like a digital version of the Corpus Collosum). The 3 pilot Jaeger is interesting too, but requires 3 compatible pilots which is significantly harder to find compared to 2.