Why Don’t Humans Live for More than 100 Years? | Physicist Geoffrey West | Big Think

Why Don’t Humans Live for More than 100 Years?
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Who wants to live forever? It’s a question that mankind has been asking itself for eons; how to extend our lifespans. Theoretical scientist Geoffrey West has an interesting proposition of we could do that. The more wear and tear we put on our bodies, he says, the faster they’ll break down and need repairing - sort of like a road. That might seem obvious to some, but West also suggests cooling our bodies and a steep caloric decrease in our diets to decrease metabolism. But would you want to live forever if you were freezing and starving? Join Geoffrey West as we sit down with him and ask about the fantastic possibilities - and inevitabilities - of human life.
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GEOFFREY WEST:
Geoffrey West is a theoretical physicist whose primary interests have been in fundamental questions in physics and biology. West is a Senior Fellow at Los Alamos National Laboratory and a distinguished professor at the Sante Fe Institute, where he served as the president from 2005-2009. In 2006 he was named to Time’s list of “The 100 Most Influential People in the World.”
Geoffrey West is the author of Scale.
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TRANSCRIPT:
GEOFFREY WEST: Since metabolism underlies the way we live, the way any organism lives, because it is the way energy and resources are being applied to cells, you can determine, calculate many things about organisms, about their growth patterns, how they grow, how long they take to mature-and in particular one that concerns many of us, and that is: how long we live? What determines our longevity? And, in fact, that’s what got me into this work originally was I became very intrigued in my fifties about the phenomenon of aging and of dying that I became more and more conscious that things had been changing in my life in terms of my body and my physiology. And that already I’d had friends die. And so I became intrigued as to “what is that?”
And I also became intrigued very much as a physicist not asking what is the mechanism and the systematics about aging and immortality, but the very question “what determines 100 years for the lifespan of a human being-why is it a hundred years, not a thousand years or a million years?" And also related to that, "why is it that a mouse, which is made of pretty much the same stuff as we are-we’re almost identical really in some kind of coarse grained level looking at things-how come a mouse only lives two to three years? So what is determining all this? And if you have this theory of networks underlying these scaling laws, manifesting themselves as scaling laws, you first ask: is there a scaling law for lifespan?
So this is work that had already been done by many people; was to look at lifespan as a function of size, for a bunch of mammals in particular but organisms in general, just as we looked at how metabolic rate scales across these animals. And what was discovered, what had been discovered was that lifespan also increases following these quarter power scaling laws-that it increased systematically. The one difference by the way, and maybe I’ll say a few words about this in a moment, is that there’s much more scatter among the data for lifespan compared to things like metabolic rate. So even though there is a kind of predictability-that is, you give me the size of a mammal, I will tell you on the average how long that mammal will live-there’s much more variance around that number than there is for saying “you tell me the size of a mammal, I will tell you what its metabolic rate is and what the length of its aorta is, how many children it should have” and so on, where there’s much less variance. The variance is much tighter. Lifespan has much more variance.
Now where does that number come from? So you have this theory that the scaling of metabolic rate and these many other quantities-and by the way there’s probably 50 or 75 such measurable quantities-these are determined by the constraints of flows in networks such as the circulatory system. So one of the things you immediately realize about those flows is that they are what we call “dissipative,” which simply means they involve wear and tear just as, you know, outside in those streets outside this building there’s a lot of traffic going back and forth on the roads and those roads wear out. They have to be repaired. The roadways have to be repaired and the subways have to be repaired.
Read the full transcript at bigthink.com/videos/geoffrey-...

[@Kaia6485]

I can’t imagine the amount of procrastination that would happen if we lived forever.

[@rphb5870]

innovation is the price we have to pay for immortality

[@DaveTapley]

I just Googled his book, it has great reviews: Geoffrey West Scale: The Universal Laws of Growth, Innovation, Sustainability, and the Pace of Life in Organisms, Cities, Economies, and Companies ISBN-13: 978-1594205583, ISBN-10: 1594205582

[@notorious_trollfaust]

Thank you so much for this information! :)

[@timothykamei7194]

I've read it too. He knows so many subjects and his writing is dynamic

[@tchaivorakfauresohnsieg9532]

​@@notorious_trollfaustlol

[@Caveman712]

i can listen to this guy's voice for the whole day

[@silkyjohnson745]

I can i'm on centrelink

[@hernandezrobinsonr]

Toughen Up, Fluffy very true and funny answer

[@ravynkat]

Caveman712 the voice of ian mckellan and Patrick stewart's love child. ❤

[@robsmith2844]

There was a little Christopher Lee in there as well.

[@liambulkley]

Daath144OccultistMaster ....go on.....

[@zacklance484]

This scale makes perfect sense to me, but why is it that dogs seem to he the exception? Bigger dogs tend to live shorter lifespans on average than small breeds

[@ThePepsiwiz]

Bigger dogs tend to have more health issues. The metabolism=lifespan data doesnt include diseases or accidental deaths obviously

[@WolfNandos97]

Larger dogs do not have a discrete genetic background from other dogs - they are simply upscaled - therefore they will have the same metabolic and homeostatic mechanisms looking after a larger body.

[@michaelsurname609]

They also probably getting comparatively less exercise compared to the small dogs...

[@JoseSanchez-bp7xz]

Zack Lance One thing we all have in common is that one day we will all be skeletons. I will look at it and let out a smelly fart.

[@xvbd6067]

Inbreeding

[@inahaze76]

Some of us are glad life isn't permanent.

[@ahdkfknsbcienfnsk]

inahaze76 Of Course, But id like to choose when I die, not die unexpectedly.

[@mr.chaosvicious5968]

🤔 Hmmm... You both make VERY valid points. But I personally would like to be able to choose when I actually kick the bucket. Not just have it decided for me.

[@kaylenesparrow2176]

I AGREE LETS JUST STUFF UP TNE PLANET AND EX IT STAGE LEFT

[@kaylenesparrow2176]

@@ahdkfknsbcienfnsk I agree Id like to decide after 80 years when I pull the plug

[@doctorae724]

Especially in these bodies, with Human Nature being what it is..

[@ethanholbrook]

Anyone else curious how he mentioned there was the repair approach and the slowing of damage approach and didn't go into the repairability

[@AnoopVargheese]

That's because you can't really control the repairability. It's a factor that's dependent mostly on your genetics, and doesn't vary with external factors that we can control.

[@albertol.3454]

I think genetic engineering and CRISPR technologies could have a large impact on repair in the future

[@TerryUniGeezerPeterson]

Daily exercise that maintains a high heart rate strengthens your heart so it beats much slower to do the same work. Assuming no serious health issues, this alone increases lifespan since you're heart will last much longer compared to non-active/less active people.

[@tarekbaz7426]

Will newer generations still produce people with such character, attitude and clarity of thought... Very informative and Interesting content, beautifully presented, thanks for the video.

[@jonathanwalther]

They did and always will produce them. And even in much greater numbers, than the past generations. That's because, the high ed system is much larger than ever. Don't let you fool by the dumb masses on youtube or elsewhere. There are thousands of brilliant minds, but only a small fraction of them has a yt-channel or wants to be in public.

[@leegenny8712]

i wish all scholars to be like this guy he is like poets he has lived an experience and expressed it with action (a study in this case).beautiful

[@marijandesin8226]

I was waiting for possibilities of "Repair" but it never came

[@ShakinJamacian]

I thought this video was going to be some spooky fatalism about death. Instead it was a very humble explanation of change, activity, and how that creates the "wear and tear" tha unfolds on the micro (cellular) and macro (biosphere) scale. Great on linking this beyond human life!

[@charliem123321]

Thanks for the video, much appreciated 👍

[@ElNietoPR]

So, move to the arctic, and eat celery. Got it!

[@MrLuigisBLOG]

El Nieto PR moving to the artic wont lower your internal temperature

[@sparta117corza]

El Nieto PR that would kiill you as cellary gives you negative callories if im not mistaken

[@caramandunga100]

Then what could possibly lower our temperature?

[@MrLuigisBLOG]

Martin Gonzales if you pay attention thats what he said. A PILL.

[@caramandunga100]

Thanks.

[@Hombolicious]

I would be interested in the discussion that as you increase life span by decreasing damage or by decreasing metabolic rates does the experience of time slow down? By cooling oneself and slowing metabolism does the additional time gained relative to other organisms feel like one lives longer or does the organism experience relative time as it normally does but externally is slower? This seems to be an important question because slowing down death seems only useful if it extends the experience of living.

[@AlistairAVogan]

Subjective time increases as we engage more and more in automaticity. I don’t think this is simply correlation. Automaticity places cognitive processing beneath conscious awareness. Children experience greater subjective time because they are conscious of the world around them since their are building cognitive structures of the world and of themselves in the physical and social world. Like learning to stand, walk, run and read (deciphering), a cognitive/(cognitive/physical) processes, when mastered, requires no conscious awareness because it has become automatic. The word in Japanese, from - sorry - Zen Buddhism, is ‘mushin’ or ‘no mind’. The key to experiencing greater subjective time is to be in a state of constant adaptation. Diminishing the ratio of automaticity to conscious experience/adaptation will give you the experience of greater time.

[@jonathanwalther]

A very nice question. I am fairly certain, a second still will feel like a second, or a year like a year, we just have more of them. Bc the metabolic rate might change a bit, but the neural speed aka. information processing in our brains might stay the same. There are ofc psychological effects, that the passage of time feels differently fast, e.g. in somewhat extreme situations, but that's not to do with your metabolic rate.

[@alchemicalsoul8023]

This reminds me of something that Alan Watts said once in one of his lectures, that is; "You arrive at the end of life not whole but beat up, and a total wreck physically". It is an inherent desire of humans to cling to life, like a stubborn child not wanting to leave the playground. I am sure the topic of immortality will be more relevant to future generations, as humanity come closer to achieving such possibilities. I am content with the idea that I may not live to see that day when you can decide to live for as long as you want. For now, we must make sure that the ship does not burn down before it reaches its destination.... Peace.

[@athanasioskouroudis5296]

Really good and interesting talk!

[@lastblow4563]

Depends how you measure life, in matter of time or in matter of experiences. If you slow your metabolism, you'll live longer time but experience less such as the flies who spends the mornings doing nothing but waiting for the sun to warm them up...

[@vivek4285]

Very informative, Thank you.

[@michaeljustmichael9357]

Vivek Gupta is a teacher's pet.

[@liambulkley]

A thermodynamic dynamic perspective is always useful for sanity checks. BTW, I'd rather just go with gene therapy, coupled with periodic repair (not replacement). I'm amazed how much progress has been made since 2012 in these areas.

[@Artair2009]

should i just stop exercising to lower my metabolism and lose a lot of muscles as they cause the metabolic rate to increase in conjunction to a calorie deficit diet? and what about anti-oxidants that can help to reduce the deleterious effects of the metabolism by products? it is not discussed here.

[@vx1297]

Sucks that we will be one of the last generations to die before human immortality is achieved. Edit: Discussion below, post your thoughts.

[@annipsy2185]

VX omg can you not remind us all?😅😅😅

[@vx1297]

Even if human immortality is achieved it will present scores of new problems such as population control and brains going haywire from so many memories. In the end we will all be dead. I guess _immortality_ can never be achieved, but longevity can. Look up respirocytes if you want to fuck your brain.

[@genemarcelus8937]

VX Well Unless you wanna be frozen

[@genemarcelus8937]

VX Well Unless you wanna be frozen

[@111vincento]

dont you fucking say that. i will survive. i will save up insanely huge amounts of money. i will turn over a hundred years old. and i will make it.

[@shattywack]

Damn it, where are my robot parts! I could just go to a mechanic and swap out old parts if I was a cyborg. Why aren't we working harder for this to be a reality?

[@peli_candude554]

I think it has to do with warranty claims and he problems with customer service. Ever tried to get a good tech support rep that actually knew what they were talking about for your computer or home network? Thank God for flooding the market with better qualified reps who do this stuff themselves.

[@peterz53]

Body Temp & Aging - Thermogenic conditioning can lower resting body temp. This may be one mechanism by which certain kinds of exercise work. Regular saunas may work, as well as hot baths (have hown to reduce all cause mortality and improve cardiac function) My temp (oral) runs ~ 96 F. Unfortunately, I don't have temp trends which pre-date my exercise/hot bath routine.

[@lilsamantha1]

I love this man. So knowledgeable.

[@suthinscientist9801]

Indeed, anti aging will lead to indefinite life extension. For immortality, we'd have to go non biological.

[@catherinebirch2399]

Biology is a curse. I'd be happy to swap flesh for an android body.

[@Erick-fw6fs]

You're not helping me win the A/C Temp battle at home boss.

[@flattenthestupiditycurve4811]

Does that mean exercise reduces longevity through increasing metabolism? Or is that relationship applicable only to "resting" metabolism rate?

[@jameschums]

a great talk..got me thinking about hysteresis, entropy, carnot cycle, gibbs free energy..

[@felipe10111993]

Could our sleep habits have anything to do with the increase of our lifespan? During sleep we lower our metabolism and temperature... Does anyone else agree?

[@shadoweaglebear]

telomeres.......

[@ando4440]

green man Even if telomeres didn't get shorten , then we would die of cancer . Because the more the cells divide the more mutations they accumulate , which eventually would lead to cancer. So the longer you live the more the cells would divide ,thus mutations would accumulate and that will lead to disease and death.

[@shadoweaglebear]

True, i know the basics about human things. Most of my knowledge is in tree biology.

[@omegahaxors3306]

Aubury has confirmed there is way more to aging than simply telomeres. More science is needed.

[@paperplanesparadise355]

Omega, you mean more data forging is needed for the gullible consumer.

[@johnfrankmore2160]

feces.....

[@axiomaddict]

Do those who live at or near the poles tend to have longer life spans than those who live at the equater?

[@Uri1991]

really interesting. thanks.

[@sor91]

Cold and starving .. 🤔 so that's why Santa Claus haven't die yet, he lives in the North pole starving all year long and he only comes down to town to get supplies once a year. that's a though life. makes sense.

[@iNREEk]

Santiago Orihuela south. He lives in the south pole now. And there was never a North pole. :( sadly. This is what I remember too

[@CutieZalbu]

Sorry to break your bubble kiddo but he’s not real😂😂😂

[@ok.red.five.diamonds.inmybag]

Santiago Orihuela huh?

[@ok.red.five.diamonds.inmybag]

Cutie Zalbu Santa is real

[@axiomaddict]

Must drink beer then. Have you seen his gut?

[@annipsy2185]

i googled this question so many times....didnt find an answer ,thank you for making this. sooo....eating less decreases your metabolic rate? why would it effect lifespan?doesnt food give your body the things it actually needs? i have a higher metabilism than some other people so this is kinda sad for me:(

[@notorious_trollfaust]

There has been experiments about this. No, it isn't bad to restrict calories. Dr. Galina Schatalova, a russian scientist, found in their experiments out that an calorie maximum should be 400 kcal each day.

[@xionpentagast]

basically you force your body to be more efficient with the resouces it has available.

[@annipsy2185]

DerpDerpDerpDerpDerp​ so anorexic people are healthy?!!??!???

[@annipsy2185]

***** yeah ive came to accept that some time ago, still would like to know more about it...

[@MrWulfric1]

Anni Psy Nah, just get over it fam.

[@trasksjostrom8913]

what if i live in a cold suit lower my temperature? So my temperature would be so low i would be about to die would that work?

[@laomark9583]

Very nice and clearly presented...

[@peli_candude554]

God said three score and ten...that's it. Anything more is a blessing...anything less is a calling.

[@alephmorricone7207]

did he text u that?

[@hampshire2821]

The life expectancy in developed world is higher than three score and ten.

[@peli_candude554]

@@alephmorricone7207 If you consider the Bible a "Text" then...yes....:)

[@peli_candude554]

@@hampshire2821 For now...that is true. Not too long ago it was 30-40...hard labour and poor diet killed millions prematurely along with terrible living quarters, horrible waste removal (buckets and holes), rampant diseases, and senseless political wars. I'm always amazed how we survived before the Christian education system was applied and we developed so many improvements from the Christian Scientific method...:)

[@hampshire2821]

@@peli_candude554 The US must've betrayed Christianity and science then. Life expectancy stagnation and now decline has occurred in recent years.

[@ericb9931]

Woohoo! I maintain muscle eating once everyday, sometimes every other day, my normal body temperature is 97.4, and despite decades of heavy smoking and drinking, no one on my fathers side dies before 90.

[@Blackfire970]

excellent video sir

[@jvjd]

Now this is far better than the previous video you guys uploaded

[@lastblow4563]

Metabolic rate = measure of wear and tear. Give yourself a hug and relax.

[@generaybould9265]

Could it be theoretically possible for our bodies to become so good at fixing the wear and tear that we could evolve immortality?

[@bizanthapaliya5389]

No, but gene editing may help to fix telomers which is at the end of your DNA, it may fix it and you may not age but there are more complications like nutrition to follow and others to make it stable, but people will still die of car crash or simply stabbing, so to achieve immortality maybe transforming into machine sound feasible.

[@redsquirrel3893]

will you still be as active with a low metabolic rate or will it effect how much you can do?

[@redsquirrel3893]

also dose it matter more when you reach a certain age or is it relevant in your 20s?

[@SedoKai]

He forgot to add one important point: replacing worn out parts. It may still be a ways off, but 3D bioprinting is coming, and it's easy to imagine that around the same time as that or maybe just a little later, nanomachine technology which can help increase repairs is also coming. The question is whether or not we'll reach those goal posts in our lifetimes, and the answer is likely no. But for those of us who are still young, we may benefit from incremental increases in lifespan due to new technologies and may actually have a small chance to reach the finish line. Say if very large advances in medicine and drugs increase the average lifespan by ~20 years over the next 40 years, and by another 5-10 years in those extra 20 years that they've already gained and so on, it might not be so hard to imagine people who've been born today living to be over 110 years old, which gives them over a century to see the necessary advances come, especially during an age where we just keep accelerating and making new breakthroughs faster and faster. Add the recent advent of AI to the equation, and what very soon will be AGI, and I believe there's hope, even if it's just a glimmer. Machine learning algos are already being adapted to research environments, which should further increase the frequency of new discoveries well beyond any human limitations. So barring any type of apocalyptic scenario occurring, maybe people who are 30 years old today have a 2-3% chance to make it, 20 year-olds have a 5-8% chance, and 10 year-olds have a 10-15% chance. People who are born 10 or 20 years from now will very likely see the technology come in their lifetimes, in my opinion. In any case, people need to take advantage of the time they have now to accumulate resources so they can afford it when it comes, and also maximize their health with good lifestyle choices: eat right, exercise often, don't be sedentary, don't spend too much time unprotected in the sun, go visit doctors regularly and utilize medicine when it makes sense, but cautiously.

[@someguy2135]

Once you replace all your parts, are you still you? But seriously, the ability to transfer our minds to a computer or android might come first, considering the acceleration of computer technology. But would we still be ourselves?

[@entitledmillennial5080]

CRISPR

[@FazeParticles]

Entitled Millennial damn straight

[@DarrylLearie]

Worlds oldest person ever lived until 122 years 164 days old, Jeanne Calment of France.

[@masterpalladin]

like 500nyears ago a French man lived 152 years

[@masterpalladin]

its the wine and organic food

[@danbee6103]

Im curious the role our gut bacteria plays in longevity, obviously a boast of immunity BUT perhaps a pivotal when applied to not just lower calorie intake but a serious take on repair mechanisms like the best water any living thing, and how the "equation" may be increased towards efficiency.

[@SoaringTraveler]

Interesting. My brother and I have body temperatures that are about one degree F less than the average person. Does this mean we have less wear and tear on our bodies and may have longer lifespans?

[@rps_game]

How often do you go to the bathroom, that’ll explain your metabolism

[@MusixPro4u]

Intense exercise 5 times a week for 40 minutes has been associated with an increased telomere length of an equivalent of 9 years. So.. do your fuckin' exercise. (If you want the source, write in the comments)

[@MusixPro4u]

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28450121 -> Discussion: medicalxpress.com/news/2017-05-high-linked-years-aging-cellular.html

[@2drealms196]

Top Atheletes tend to live shorter lives than normal.

[@thesuccessfulone]

They typically die during training periods where they push their limits or experiment with training techniques. (Thinking of all the heart attacks and brain aneurysms from over exercise.)

[@AmeyRedkar7695]

John Ny can you elaborate how they proved that this isn't just correlation but a cause? I would read it but paywall.

[@jettalily5087]

I don't think starving to death makes you live longer... just a thought😅

[@wilsons2882]

it does he is just saying about ketones and ketogenic diet.

[@scottostrowski5406]

Difference between starving and fasting

[@markphelan7437]

Absolutely fascinating

[@sawarunan]

I'm a bit confused as to why the system becomes unmanageable as we age. Metabolism is required for body / cellular functions, we consume energy to feed that metabolism, and the repair to cellular damage is carried out thanks to the metabolism, so where is this chain being broken while aging? Is is that metabolic rate slows down so much so the body can't keep up with repairs?

[@vicg5323]

There are many reason why we age. I asked this question to a Biologist 15 years ago and he gave a very simple answer; cellular replication deteriorates like a photo copy of a photocopy does in sequential order. After about 60 copies you can longer make out the image of what was copy, and in cellular replication, when DNA is not exactly replicated, cancer occurs. Aging or getting old is the onset of cancer. He proposed that if we slow down the rate at which cellular replication took place, we could slow down the time it takes to age or grow older. Stopping the clock, could lead to eternal life or at least till some misfortune takes your life. One a separate note I would like to know what order of magnitude did Dr. West have in mind for exponential increase in longevity. Are we talking hundreds of years? Interesting too, that a pill might be the solution.

[@ptmarkoviitanen]

According to him, people who just lay down on sofa starving and doing absolutely nothing, live longer... yeah... no... It's really not that simple .

[@wilsons2882]

hey he's actually saying severe wear and tear will kill you. also taking enough rest aka lay down on sofa or have a good sleep people live longer. its really that simple.

[@basimh7217]

My mum sits on the sofa all day and doesnt eat too much. No illness no sickness and she's very old without attending the hospital.

[@FazeParticles]

First step is longevity; I'm thinking 200 years or so like this man said in the video. If human technology and medicine can reach that rn that'd be exceptional. I doubt we can double our lifespan but that's the goal currently.

[@shivathumper4707]

I have a slow metabolism and I like the cold, so I guess I'll be living a long time then. Could that be why I look much younger then I really am? I also like to eat a lot so if I can withstand from eating so much then I'll live even longer still.

[@sathyaki]

If u have slow metabolism and u eat a lot,then scientifically u should gain a lot of fat. That means u will die of disease. However,there can be exceptions.

[@moppenboek]

I don't want to die!

[@michaeljustmichael9357]

Apolysus famous last words

[@spidersinmykeyboard6367]

@yosser hughes Let's work on it being later, much later.

[@dustinhansford8270]

Aubrey de grey is all you need to know.

[@josefskramusky8257]

Quite inspirative. But regarding last minutes idea that minor change in avg. temperature would have huge impact on life span of humans clearly does not corelate with data. Check life expectancy in the u.s states on wiki and compare it to average temperature in that state. Alaska i.e is bellow Texas.

[@lupaman100]

Powerful information.

[@ichangedmyusername1553]

I didn't watch the vid just saw the title and decided to comment Noah lived for 950 years :D bye

[@someguy2135]

Why not mention all the fictional characters who are immortal?

[@wwtjoygbths6206]

I changed My username Methuselah lived 999. How about that!

[@XxLiveMusicxX]

if they make a new LOTR they need to make this guy a dwarf.. be PERFECT for it!

[@laurettecangialosi1028]

Its better to burn out than fade away. - Neil Young

[@ykkfamily]

I am blown away by the link between growth/death/metabolic rate and the global warming at the end. Didn't expect that connection

[@Galaxia53]

So if you're sick a lot, which rises your temperature, you won't live for too long?

[@MusixPro4u]

I'm not sure. Especially considering the fact, that regular sauna use has been linked to longer life span, with a fairly constant dose-response relationship. People who visited the sauna 5 times per week had lived proportionally longer than people who visited the sauna only 2-3 times per week and those lived longer than those that never visited a sauna.

[@Galaxia53]

Can the temperature of the environment raise or lower your own temperature without it being a bad thing though? I imagine when the environment does change it it would be by extreme circumstances and would have bad side effects like feeling like you're freezing or headaches.

[@incognitotorpedo42]

If you are really running a fever most of the time, then something is wrong, and you probably won't live as long as a healthy person. But more because you are infected and/or inflamed, which have their own ways of doing damage. BTW, humans are not insects or reptiles. We maintain a more or less constant temperature regardless of the temperature of the environment.

[@ThexXxXxOLOxXxXx]

The more seamless your blood flows tho your body the longer you will live. lower bpm is better than high.

[@justwantedtochangemyname]

why humans dont live more than 100 years my grand father 103 years old : hold my beer

[@SWUploads971]

125 years is the max.

[@justtekina6709]

how would you increase the repair process also how can drugs lower body temperature

[@planetrift]

I learned a lot in this short speech, including new English words.. being a non English speaker. :)

[@cyberpunkhowl674]

Title is incorrect many humans have lived past 100 years some even into their 120s

[@ahdkfknsbcienfnsk]

CyberPunkHowl Rarely.

[@lyledeyounges1276]

...Uhm, I think it's pretty amazing that people are even able to reach a hundred. The fantasy of immortality sounds like a penalty.

[@colemanwalsh7477]

I dont think so...personally but I can see how it is if we were to discover how to repair cells on a molecular level. To many people would want that causing overpopulation. Personally I wouldn't mind doing it myself. If it existed but morally it can be wrong it would mean people who can should not breed and it would suck watching everyone you have know die off 😕 I except my fate still an interesting topic

[@anonymous2457]

You don’t really believe that everyone is afraid of death

[@JohnWaaland]

@@anonymous2457 So, yes, why be afraid of death? Of course enjoy life but we have it for as long as we have it. It is what it is as long as it is but we can make our peace with death. We won't be laying in the grave thinking about the life we could be having. It's a dilemma trying to understand the idea of nothing but if it truly is nothing then well you know

[@someguy2135]

What about antioxidant rich foods, like cruciferous vegetables? Also, consumption of legumes is correlated to longevity.

[@adamstevens5518]

Lowering metabolic rates would also, presumably, lower the activity in the organism. A cold organism is going to move and do less. So while it may live longer, the life will not be as active.

[@Z1BABOUINOS]

and yet, life expectancy for Eskimos is a decade shorter. You must *starve and shiver throughout your whole life* in order to match the lab results on mice. This is not a life worth living, unless you are pathologically obsessed with Methuselah syndrome phobia. Live -long?- and prosper...

[@MrLuigisBLOG]

Z1BABOUINOS eskimos do not have lower internal temperature. There's a difference between lower internal temperature and external temperature. Duh

[@Z1BABOUINOS]

MrLuigisASMR The internal-external temperature differential is what causes shivering. I said "shivering". Not "they have lower internal temperature". And I said shivering, because it's the 2nd control factor of the lab tests on non-hibernating animals. Focus on what you read...

[@amylee9]

So is he saying that trump is right and that we can conserve energy and avoid excessive repairs to the body by exercising less? And therefore live longer? That's Trump's theory and that's why he takes the golf cart instead of walking.

[@WolfNandos97]

Cold has therapeutic effects against inflammation - which is a major current component in modern theories of aging. Living life with far higher background metabolic requirements and fitness, combined with lower inflammation is a very clean hypothesis for longer aging - and that doesn't have to mean a life of freezing and starving, unless you're being cynical and simplistic about their lives compared to more typical first world ones. People in other parts of the world that are cold do not have to lead as active and fitness-oriented lifestyles as Eskimos.

[@kylehere123]

Last

[@WindwardToEden]

A whole video summed up in one word, "entropy." There you go! Saved you a bunch of time.

[@simonbirley4421]

Does this mean people who are larger and or with slower metabolic rates live longer? Can people through meditation and what we know of brain plasticity lower their metabolic rate?

[@RantKid]

this all sounds plausible but certainly doesn't answer to why cats generally live twice as long as dogs but are less than half the size

[@sanguiVSdobbi]

He did say that the standard deviation is greater for life spans than methabolic rates. This means that if you give him a size of a certain mammal he can tell you with a higher degree of certainty its methabolic rate, than instead its average expected life time.. The two variables that determine the methabolic rate and thus life span of an animal are the ones he stated in the video.

[@RantKid]

Rudaki yes, but I'd imagine the lifestyles of domesticated dogs and cats are about the same e.g. how much/often they eat, exercise, sleep, etc.

[@tasheemhargrove9650]

RantKid That also made be skeptical. Women also tend to live longer than men, even though they're usually smaller. I think there's a lot more to it than an organism's size. Size is probably just one variable of many.

[@ThePepsiwiz]

well of course there are more factors. Stress in most organisms hastens the aging process as well, which probably explains why men die younger than women. Men typically are more stressed from work than women are in most cases

[@tasheemhargrove9650]

ThePepsiwiz​ Exactly. That, along many other factors will likely play a role.

[@senorbacon9985]

A biological question answered by a physicist

[@OfficialShadowKing]

Señor Bacòn doesn't mean he's not intelligent enough to know a thing or two about the other field

[@artificiallyflavord5588]

Physics exists in every branch of science. Biology wouldn't exist without the laws of physics ;)

[@senorbacon9985]

Algorithmic Process Fair enough

[@senorbacon9985]

ArtificiallyFlavord Physics exists within everything, so obviously this guy can perform open heart surgery on you?

[@nicolasbascunan4013]

Did you just assume his science?

[@tuxedo214]

If the environmental temperature increases, which is the more significant effect: - decreasing the metabolism required to maintain homeostasis or - lowering the activation energy and thus increasing the overall rate of metabolism And vice versa if the temperature decreases: - increasing metabolism required to maintain homeostasis or - raising the activation energy required for metabolism basically, I'm looking for an excuse to not spend money on heating my apartment.

[@ezekielgutierrez514]

how can I get a full transcript

[@sergio7248]

I'm so upset... 13 minutes and no cure for death !

[@ThePayola123]

Sergio Herrero Have a Glass of Res Wine with a loved one.

[@sergio7248]

Payhole Everdouche 🤔

[@PavlosPapageorgiou]

Living forever may be a technological achievement we one day attain, but it's a philosophical failure of the highest order. Wanting to live forever is a relatively recent conceit of the self. Evolution doesn't care that you live forever, only that you manage to reproduce. Genes have evolved to build an organism, then recombine and build a new one from a single cell, throwing away the old organisms and all their faults. Biology is about having children. Immortality is in no way beneficial. We just happened to evolve a neural network that creates the illusion of the self, which comes with an urge to continue existing and accumulating memories. Immortality is an addiction, a pursuit of life regardless of fulfilment. It's selfish and conceited, and also alienating. Accept that you're not eternal or an island, and pass your better ideas to other minds. You are a journey, not a constant. Fear not a life that ends but a life not lived.

[@MusixPro4u]

A bunch of poorly reasoned judgements, unless you elaborate.

[@Bleagle]

Not poorly reasoned at all, most of what he said is just reality. The wish for immortality is understandable, but mostly emotional and irrational. Quality is more important than Quantity. What do you truly gain if you live for 300 years instead of 80?

[@monjier]

Bleagle well when a person finds their purpose in life, the value of their time goes up. It would be nice if people who have purpose in life were allowed to live out that purpose longer.

[@monjier]

Bleagle like i mean if a person just lives to watch a tv show and relax on the weekend then having immortality shouldn't be in their best interest, as you say.

[@vx1297]

I agree with you totally. Out of curiosity what is your educational background?

[@jurajchobot]

Could it be an accident, that I'm anxious of dying after just 80 years of life since I was 12 years old and the fact, that I'm eating much less than general population and I'm taking regular cold showers and body strengthening since 15? I haven't known anything about the benefits until now and I've started doing it just because it somehow felt right. (I'm just 21 years old now, so I really can't tell if it has any benefits except of feeling well in my body)

[@parisramos8504]

so if we lower our body temperature it may in some way slighty increase our lifespan ill never quit my job at the meat packing plant because I'm never warm, maybe that's a clue to why central air is so popular it makes us live longer although it makes my house feel like work

[@OrangeScuba]

i love how this guy pushes his Global Warming Propaganda right at the end.

[@xuyahfish]

If you get colder your metabolism lowers and therefore you experience life more slowly, so wouldn't that be essentially the same? You experience life at an equivalent ratio to life term?

[@richardsalley9848]

Okay...you've convinced me. I'm gonna to start keeping my air conditioning set much lower now!

[@jayjay-gl4fj]

Good video!!!

[@litning123]

6:45 His choices: decrease wear and tear, or increase repair. There are other choices. One would be to use a master template to make a new copy. You can analogize this to printing press plates or measurement device standards. Imagine having DNA, stem cells, or whatever else is needed from the healthiest time of your adult life - probably the mid-20s - reintroduced to your cellular reproduction mechanisms. Your body constantly replaces cells, so if you change the cellular reproduction controllers from 60 years old to 25 years old, what would happen? A great deal of research is needed because this is actually a complex process, but it should be possible. A major challenge would be handling brain cell rejuvenation. Would rejuvenation alter or erase valuable memories and experience, or knowledge and training? I wouldn’t want to have my 25 year old brain again because I’m not interested in reliving all the dumb mistakes I’ve made in my life.

[@thesuccessfulone]

Ambient temperature can restrict our ability release heat which is an important part of chemical processes.

[@doubledragon9530]

Last theory I read was that we are at 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit because this temp is just high enough to kill off fungi that would otherwise harm us. No idea if this is true.

[@riteshajoodha4401]

great video

[@ayushfan]

Homeostasis let us maintain a constant temperature (37 celcius) irrespective of our surrounding's temperature. Warm blooded animals like us are evolved to function best at that temp. If we deliberately try to lower it down, our body functions will be affected. We all must have experienced the discomfort the fever causes in our day to day activities. How can one lower his/her temp and still function properly? Going in hibernation is not an option.

[@michaellawson6533]

If the metabolic rate is too slow for too long then the lymphatic system cannot excrete waste fast enough and as a result it accumulates in the lymph nodes and causes dis- ease later . Same with the liver and kidneys . At least once a day it must be speeded up to increase heartbeat and speed up the flow of things to excrete it out of the system. Like driving on and off in the city at slow speeds with plenty stops and starts the engine starts to clog up . Then you go freeway to the countryside at high speed and it blows all the crap out of the system .

[@coxsj]

Lowering body temperature will lower the rate of damage AND repair. So if lowering body temperature does indeed lengthen lifespan, it must be because the rate of damage is disproportionately reduced relative to the change in the rate of repair as a result of the body temp being lowered.

[@tobiashagstrom4168]

Regarding the idea of increasing lifespan by decreasing temperature, that seems like it wouldn't do us any good. We don't wanna live long so we an crank our way through a bunch of years to write on a tombstone. Sure, we measure lifespans in years, but that's because the years give an estimate of how much stuff that person got to do(or at least how much time they had in which to do things, or in which to reflect on stuff, etc). If you were to lower the rate of wear and tear by lowering the temperature, you'd be lowering the rate at which we could experience the world, interact with the world, and think thoughts as well. Thus, you wouldn't really increase your ability to experience or reflect on things, you'd just be doing the same amount of living, but at a slower pace. Granted, I guess it be a way to wait for technology to get more awesome, so you'll get to spend more of your life in technologically advanced times, because the world around you would move along faster, so you'd be around to experience more of the advances (/you'd be more likely to live long enough to see whatever the end of the world is). And if you like gaming (like I do), then experiencing the world slowly would make it seem faster from your perspective, so as long as I could get a game that simulates a world that is as slow as me, I could get better framerate out of it, have it preform more big and complex tasks, etc, because I'd be more able to wait for the result. If I experience the world 33% slower than you, then 40 fps for me will feel like what 60 fps feels like to you.

[@tobiashagstrom4168]

Also, to my understanding, aging has less to do with your damage/repair rate, and more to do with how often your cells must be replaced, because that determines how often your telomeres get shorter.

[@winstonchang777]

A lifetime is a capsule of memories and emotion.....the human "machine" will disassemble and NOT BE,,,,but if the memory can be preserved with its memories ...then...something is preserved, that is if it is so desired....many people don't desire that... For example , we could implant chips and memory things in the brain so that while alive, we could channel memories into that chip or whatever, upload that in the clouds, and somehow remain consciusness, or maybe not, by having that memory. ( Having memory and being conscious is not the same).....I myself do not desire that....I am more AFRAID of reincarnation or going to heaven than otherwise when I would be COMPLETELY OUT OF HERE after I die....

[@HiddenPalm]

Chi Kung and internal martial art styles like Tai Chi that elderly people around the world practice to keep strong and nimble is all about increaing the internal body temperature.

[@adityaparik8451]

What about the ways we can improve the repair rate of our body? Is there any way and how much is it going to help to improve lifespan of humans?

[@dearwonderland07]

Just curious would slowing down metabolism affect intelligence?