Williamson-Hall Plot | W-H Plot | Crystallite Size | Microstrain | XRD data | OriginPro

[@mychemistry6599]

you are really great person. helping us free of cost. MAY Allah bless you ever.

[@SAYPhysics]

Aameen dear. Thanks for your good wishes ☺️

[@sorayaabdelhaleem5662]

All of your videos are really helpful, jazak Allah khayran

[@SAYPhysics]

Good to know dear. Thanks and Aameen

[@ValutDweller]

Thank you so much for such wonderfully detailful and direct explanation of the method, and for sharing your knowledge with us. I was going through different research papers, but couldn't find a good explanation of the method used.

[@SAYPhysics]

Glad it was helpful!

[@เอกพลแก้วนวม]

Thank you so much for sharing your knowledge and expertise. This is very useful for my research about phosphor.

[@SAYPhysics]

Thanks for the appreciation dear 😊

[@naumankhan7115]

Very very useful videos for research students.

[@SAYPhysics]

Yes. Thanks

[@MrSrinivasbandi]

Excellent video Sir, thanks for share

[@SAYPhysics]

Thanks for the appreciation dear

[@MrFOOJK]

Thank you for the great sharing. What if the slope has a negative value, would the microstrain be negative as well? or could we ignore the negative sign?

[@SAYPhysics]

Thanks for the appreciation dear. Please go for the modified WH plot, which I've discussed in the next videos in the same playlist. This can't be ignored and is reasonable.

[@mychemistry6599]

Heartily prayers for you

[@SAYPhysics]

Aameen dear 😊. Thanks

[@hsorory]

Thank you for your efforts

[@SAYPhysics]

You're welcome, Sir....

[@rozitadeldar2711]

Thank you. It was great.

[@SAYPhysics]

You're welcome dear

[@AYONJYOTIBHARADWAJ]

sir may you please give me the exact excel template for calculations as shown in the video the one you gave in the gdrive is very confusing one will be very grateful

[@SAYPhysics]

The template that Im using in the video is the same that I have uploaded to the Google Drive. Thanks

[@AYONJYOTIBHARADWAJ]

If you don't mind can you re upload it please

[@SAYPhysics]

Send me an email at [e-mail], I'll send it to you. Thanks

[@AYONJYOTIBHARADWAJ]

@@SAYPhysics thanks a lot

[@SAYPhysics]

@user-ul6hu8wh6q you're welcome dear

[@chiranjitchaliha5318]

Sir if we dont make the adjacent r square value to be near 1 by not masking...will our results will be correct....as i have gone through to many videos..and they have not fixed adjacent r square value to 1.. please replay sir

[@kunsahaho607]

If i neglect instrumental broadening in my thinfilm experiment,what will be wrong?

[@SAYPhysics]

The values you'll deduce from your data will not be authentic then. Thanks

[@muhammadnisarqasim636]

jazak Allah you did on my request. Allah keep you happy .

[@SAYPhysics]

Aameen. It's my pleasure.🙂.

[@coffee_and_code-y8s]

I have a question, whats the unit of microstrain and whats references do you have used for this video ? Thanks my friend. Great Job

[@SAYPhysics]

Thanks for the appreciation dear 😊 To understand microstrain, I can refer you to one of my tutorials on it. kzbin.info/www/bejne/pYbae6N9qdyCjM0 In case you have yet any confusion, you may drop a comment there.

[@stts2634]

Can I mask 3 out of 7 total points to get a better fit i.e. good R2 value? Because otherwise, my data gives a negative R2 value or very low such as 0.08.

[@SAYPhysics]

It's not good to mask almost half of your data points. However, in the same playlist, there are some other videos which are discussing different data types and the same intercepts are being calculated. Please watch them and let me know if you still have a query. Thanks kzbin.info/aero/PLeWSImvDbplcA8bXg4ZZ33WvkfimoropT

[@abhikbhuin5226]

Great Video. How even can you please tell how you are using the hover zoom (circular zoomed portion) for marking the peaks.

[@SAYPhysics]

Some portion of the zooming is done in OriginLab, as to use the scroll up or zoom option, while some zooming and hovering is done in the video editor, I use Camtasia. Thanks

[@abhikbhuin5226]

@@SAYPhysics Thanks

[@sivabalankaniapan8786]

Hi, sir; thank you for the video. A small question from me: Do we need to take the full range of 2THETA from 15 to 80, as shown in this video, to compute the crystallite size and microstrain? In that case, the maximum XRD 2THETA degree from 15 to 80?

[@SAYPhysics]

To compute the crystallite size and microstrain using XRD data, it's essential to have a sufficient range of 2THETA values to accurately analyze the diffraction peaks. Typically, the range of 15 to 80 degrees 2THETA, as shown in the video, is chosen because it includes the most significant peaks for many materials, providing enough data for reliable analysis. However, the specific range you need may vary depending on the material you're studying and the peaks relevant to your analysis. For some materials, a narrower or broader range might be more appropriate. It's always a good idea to refer to the literature on your specific material to determine the optimal 2THETA range for your measurements. Thanks

[@sivabalankaniapan8786]

@SAYPhysics thank you so much, sir. You are simply superb. Sending love from Scotland.

[@SAYPhysics]

@sivabalankaniapan8786 you're most welcome dear. An equivalent love from Pakistan

[@miphysics2943]

Dear Sir, If we mask the point while finding peak fitting ( which we take approximate value 0.99 ), does,t it effect the crystallite size or microstrain etc... please let me know sir

[@SAYPhysics]

Masking a point during peak fitting can indeed affect the calculated crystallite size and microstrain. It alters the fitting accuracy and, consequently, the parameters derived from the Williamson-Hall plot. Thanks

[@miphysics2943]

Thank you so much sir! for your response..

[@SAYPhysics]

@miphysics2943 you're welcome dear

[@drmuhammadatif98]

what is the difference between the crystallite sizes calculated from Sherrer and Willamson Hall?

[@SAYPhysics]

The key difference is that the Debye-Scherrer equation directly provides a crystallite size estimate based solely on peak broadening, assuming size effects dominate. The Williamson-Hall plot, on the other hand, considers contributions from both crystallite size and lattice strain, making it valuable for materials where both factors affect XRD peak broadening. Researchers often use both methods in combination to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the material's structure. Thanks

[@vovouranai]

I can't find the video template, could you please send the link for me?

[@SAYPhysics]

Link of the Excel template is in the video description, please. Thanks

[@subinkim5292]

In 4 sin theta do we need theta value in radion or degree?

[@SAYPhysics]

θ is the Bragg angle (in degrees). By default, Excel calculates it in radians, so we double convert to make it in degrees. Thanks

[@Itz_Chutku]

With smaller ionic radii dopant the a, b, c parameters decreased...but peak is shifting towards lower angle .. what can be the reason for this shifting??

[@SAYPhysics]

Please go through this thread to understand the reasoning..www.researchgate.net/post/What-are-all-possible-reasons-for-the-peak-shift-in-X-Ray-Diffraction

[@sciphywithwaseem]

Thats really great .... can you send me please the link of How to deconvolution of k alpha 2 peak

[@SAYPhysics]

Here's my video tutorial on the peaks deconvolution. Thanks kzbin.info/www/bejne/jYnCiWaOocd-iKM

[@neelam9359]

Hello Sir, How to calculate the crystallite size for more the 200 nm crystal particles?

[@SAYPhysics]

For particles larger than 200 nm, the Williamson-Hall plot may not be suitable, as it is typically used for nanocrystals. In this case, you can use other methods like TEM, or SEM imaging to directly measure crystallite sizes. Thanks

[@neelam9359]

Thank you Sir.

[@SAYPhysics]

Welcome dear.

[@priyankaprakash5103]

Sir do we need to take all the 2theta values or any 4 or 5 highest intense peak values? Awaiting for your valuable reply....

[@SAYPhysics]

4 or 5 are sufficient but if you take all and average it, it will increase the accuracy. Thanks

[@awaisahmed2907]

Brother, i got crystalline size different in both methods, what is the reason behind different crystalline size in debye Scherrer and W-H method ? ..thnx

[@SAYPhysics]

I have explained this in the first 5 min of the tutorial that different factors are involved here, mainly, the nature of sample. Thanks

[@samedenser]

hello, 4*epsilon*tan(Theta) or 2*epsilon*tan(Theta)... which one is true?

[@SAYPhysics]

The first one. Thanks

[@annisamaharani1287]

sir, is W-H plot only took a data from the peak list?

[@SAYPhysics]

Yes, it takes our source data. However, in not fully understanding your question. If you elaborate a little bit, I'll be in a better position to respond accordingly. Thanks

[@thuongyeuthuong]

What should I do if my intercept was negative? Thank you!

[@SAYPhysics]

Check this one then kzbin.info/www/bejne/hXiQeGmMbr1ropI Thanks

[@kumarshivesh4336]

Dead Dr. Shahid Ali Sir, I'm getting the negative value of the intercept ( - 0.00289) with positive slope (0.00769) for TiO2 nanoparticles. Is it possible? Kindly reply. Kind regards, Kumar Shivesh

[@SAYPhysics]

Dear Kumar, It seems your sample is not following the usual trend, please have a look at my this video tutorial. Thanks kzbin.info/www/bejne/hXiQeGmMbr1ropI

[@kumarshivesh4336]

@@SAYPhysics okay. I will. Thanks for reply.

[@zohaibahmed9548]

its wonderful sir but I got a problem that W-H plot gives a negative slope, how should I treat it now?

[@SAYPhysics]

Thanks for the appreciation dear. Please check your data with modified WH plot as well, its video is already in the playlist. kzbin.info/www/bejne/hXiQeGmMbr1ropI Thanks

[@manashjyotidas3748]

Sir please reply I got a decline slop can you explain why????😢

[@SAYPhysics]

A negative slope in a Williamson-Hall plot of XRD data can result from several factors. Anisotropic strain effects, where the strain distribution is not uniform, can cause direction-dependent peak broadening. Instrumental and measurement errors, such as calibration issues or incorrect peak width measurements, might also lead to a negative slope. Residual stresses within the material can affect peak broadening, contributing to this observation. Additionally, a non-uniform grain size distribution or crystallographic texture (preferred orientation) can cause variations in peak broadening that result in a negative slope. Careful analysis is needed to identify the specific cause. Thanks

[@manashjyotidas3748]

@@SAYPhysics the material I am using is polypyrrole which is amorphous in nature

[@SAYPhysics]

If the material is amorphous in nature, the concept of a Williamson-Hall plot is not typically applicable because amorphous materials do not produce sharp Bragg peaks characteristic of crystalline materials. Instead, amorphous materials produce broad, diffuse scattering patterns without distinct peaks. Therefore, factors such as anisotropic strain, grain size distribution, and crystallographic texture, which are relevant to crystalline materials, do not apply in the same way to amorphous materials. Thanks

[@manashjyotidas3748]

@@SAYPhysics if you don't mind then what I can do to justify my result

[@SAYPhysics]

Calculations in this video tutorial are for crystalline materials only. For your material, you may calculate the crystallinity index, as discussed in the following video tutorial. Thanks kzbin.info/www/bejne/emeYnGSvfbV-l68

[@muhammadnisarqasim636]

sir please make video on FTIR data resolving.

[@SAYPhysics]

There are a couple of videos in the playlist on the FTIR, see them and let me know if they're doing the job. Thanks

[@sharetrendpattern2555]

Sir, i am getting Rsqu value is 0.8+ not 0.9+ what i do sir please explain

[@SAYPhysics]

The more it will be close to 1, the more good will be the fir. Try to mask the outliers, if you're sure of. Thanks

[@unique3377]

Aslam alikum kindly tell me how to draw plot of all five samples altogether

[@SAYPhysics]

Already responded. Thanks

[@mushtaqahmad7307]

Sir make some vedios on non linear fitting of adsorption isotherm model and kinetic model using origin lab Thanks in advance

[@SAYPhysics]

Share with me a variety of data of these, I'll do make videos on them. Thanks

[@pinkblossomsky]

Hello. Should I repeat the process separately if my sample has two components?

[@SAYPhysics]

What do you mean by two components? Is it a composite etc? Thanks

[@pinkblossomsky]

@@SAYPhysics I have CuO supported on ZnO. Thank you very much.

[@SAYPhysics]

In response to your question, yes, if your sample contains two components like CuO supported on ZnO, you should repeat the process separately for each component. This is because each material will have distinct peaks in the XRD pattern, and each set of peaks should be analyzed individually. For instance, you will need to calculate the crystallite size, strain, and other parameters separately for CuO and ZnO, as they likely have different crystal structures and peak positions. Thanks and sorry for the late response.

[@pinkblossomsky]

@@SAYPhysics late or on time, I will always appreciate and be thankful for your time and attention to respond my questions. Thank you so much!

[@AriesUchiha-c5m]

can slope value be negative??

[@SAYPhysics]

In a Williamson-Hall plot for XRD microstrain calculation, a negative slope is not physically meaningful. The slope represents the inverse of the crystallite size, and a negative value would imply a non-physical situation. Check your data and calculations, as a proper Williamson-Hall plot should exhibit a positive slope, indicating a positive correlation between the broadening of peaks and the crystallite size. Thanks

[@hussainahmad1075]

A.O.A, Dear sir, you explained very well. Thank you very much. Sir I need JCPD card no for the material of Nickel doped Lanthanum Oxide nanoparticles. Please guide how to find them. Thank you very much sir.

[@SAYPhysics]

Already responded. Thanks

[@zeyadiraq1355]

I need help interpreting the xrd .sem results

[@SAYPhysics]

When I'll finish with all the basics of XRD, I'll do record a video on the interpretation of XRD. Thanks

[@Surya-uv3bz]

@SAYPhysics geyying negative intgercept what to do?

[@Surya-uv3bz]

@SAYPhysics

[@SAYPhysics]

A negative y-intercept in a W-H plot is not physically meaningful and could be due to incorrect data analysis, sample preparation, or instrumentation issues. Thanks

[@Surya-uv3bz]

@@SAYPhysics so is it okk to change the sign and let take the value...?

[@SAYPhysics]

Already responded. Thanks

[@SAYPhysics]

I don't think so. You need to do baseline correction, instrumental correction etc. And to check whether your data fullfil the criteria to be plotted through WH. I'll suggest to watch my other tutorials in sequence in the same playlist on XRD. Thanks

[@dogaakin6179]

how the cursor used as magnifier

[@SAYPhysics]

It's an option in Camtasia software, which is used for editing videos. Thanks

[@arjunkrishna4815]

Hello sir, I am MSc physics student ,our condensed matter physics faculty has given this topic "determination of microstrain using diffractometer " as seminar . sir can you please suggest me reference or basic idea that i should have before watching this video!

[@SAYPhysics]

You may a look at this article link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40094-014-0141-9

[@unique3377]

sir kindly tell how to draw combined Williamson hall plot for 5 samples ???

[@SAYPhysics]

You'll have to treat all samples individually for WH, the outputs can be combined in one x and five y columns and can be plotted together. Thanks

[@unique3377]

@@SAYPhysics ok thanku i will try

[@mushtaqahmad7307]

Nice sir

[@SAYPhysics]

Thanks

[@armlo4956]

-5.23186e-4 intercept it´s ok?

[@SAYPhysics]

In this case, the intercept is 0.00516. If you have a negative intercept, I'm wandering how? Thanks

[@aneebafatima8184]

Assalamualaikum sir , can you please provide this excel sheet please?

[@SAYPhysics]

Please check the video description for the Excel file link. Thanks

[@aneebafatima8184]

@@SAYPhysics yes sir i have checked but that is download in pdf form :)

[@SAYPhysics]

I rechecked. There are 4 links, the 2nd link is to the Excel file. It's working perfectly. Thanks

[@aneebafatima8184]

@@SAYPhysics thank you so much its working!!!! ☀️

[@SAYPhysics]

Great 👍

[@zeyadiraq1355]

Alsalam alekom

[@SAYPhysics]

Wa alikum Salam WRWB