Shedding New Light On Dark Matter: Brian Greene and Priyamvada Natarajan

Enjoy Brian Greene's thought-provoking conversation with Yale physics and astronomy professor Priyamvada Natarajan's. Priyamvada's latest research sheds new light on dark matter, with the potential to upend the whole dark matter paradigm. Watch as Priyamvada and Brian discuss these newly published insights, how to map dark matter, the future of simulations and how they affect our perceptions of the universe.
Brian starts the session with a discussion and audience Q+A.. Priyamvada joins the conversation at 59:30
This program is part of the Big Ideas series, supported by the John Templeton Foundation.
Live Sessions are conversations hosted by Brian Greene with world-renowned scientists, including World Science U faculty exploring matter, mind, and the cosmos.
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[@JohanErikssonSWE]

Priyamavada is amazing and she is very clever in her explenations so a layman can understand what she is describing, never seen Brian so scilent thou 😅 Wonderful conversation on dark matter, so much information my head is still spinning a bit, i have to digest this over time. Huge thanks for making this availeble to the general public for free, you are true heroes.

[@waxogen]

What is faster, A shadow or light. The answer will change the way we will travel in the future

[@bz1222]

I am sure glad that you both take the time to reach us normies. There is more public interest in these topics than ever and we need you all to explain them in ways that we can understand. Much appreciated.

[@bitmau5]

I love Priyas work and explanation of how she's gotten to where she is now with her understanding. Absolutely amazing.

[@johnlane8970]

⁰ 0 I 0p;w15 a q

[@johnlane8970]

Vi j

[@igorilic509]

@@johnlane8970 8888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888887888877877q #"888888888888888888888⁸8

[@MR-od6hz]

Brian what a great dissection of metaphysics and thank you for separating analytics from theologic ruinations. Both are important, but all we can use as mere mortal human beings to analyze the universe is our physically limited analytics. Whether there are multiple dimensions or multiple universes, We will never know. And even the mathematics and physics are limited by our own interpretation and experience of them. But I think it’s important to distinguish between reality and theology.

[@tomsawyer4776]

You will know about multiple dimensions and universes, but it will be after you die. Eternity is a long time to waste, so choose wisely.

[@erichodge567]

With the world and politics being what it is today, hearing conversations like these between brilliant minds is comforting, and reassuring. Thank you.

[@LifeLess1999]

you just had to bring politics into this..... ;) jk jk

[@maestroanth]

Democrats selling a vegetable for four more years 🙄. He's going to lose just fyi.

[@erichodge567]

@@maestroanth , first off, Biden's State of the Union speech sank the "he's senile" talking point, and second, Trump's the one wearing diapers, so there's that...

[@Dr10Jeeps]

Brian Greene and his science sessions are fascinating, informative, entertaining, and articulate. You can't ask for much more than that!

[@tomsawyer4776]

Brian continually attacks those things which challenge his belief that God does not exist, because his subconscious mind knows better.

[@Dr10Jeeps]

@@tomsawyer4776 You are joking....right?

[@siddhantswaroop4376]

Priya ma'am is a gem of India who deserves a lot more recognition

[@owaisahmad7841]

But she sounds American not Indian.

[@aldenisouza2015]

It’s wonderful to learn English listening Brian Greene speaking about that matter.

[@ELH-hh3uw]

What's your original Language? Very impressive to learn English through Brian Greene talks well done

[@victoriay6246]

Streamed two years ago??? Omg I have got to catch up with this incredible lady!! Wow!

[@MB-pj8sb]

This was a lovely discussion between you two. Thank you Prof. Greene ♥️♥️♥️

[@coscinaippogrifo]

Thank you both for advancing human knowledge, and special thank you to Brian Greene for making sure that this is shared amongst us!

[@rem11648]

Kk

[@deltalima6703]

"Amongst us" I feel sus. Priya did a great job of running us through this topic without resorting to handwaving. It is important work she is doing and could easily lead to interesting new science. Brian asked exactly what I wanted him to ask, good job from him too. :D

[@harvardgrad5187]

Thank you Professor Brian Greene for your time. And remember you are a young man no matter what age we may achieve, even though the biological may age the spiritual will always be young.

[@Epoch11]

A course on General Relativity like the one you had on Special Relativity would be such a gift to the world. Your Special Relativity course is just amazing and so well done. it would be something wonderful to see you do that same kind of course on General Relativity even if the mathematics would be tough to follow. I would not care and neither would most people watching it. I TRULY HOPE you do it. (fingers crossed)

[@fletchergull4825]

This!!

[@kbreaux1224]

Thank you Dr. Green . I always learn something from watching you

[@damirhudorovic1171]

50 years ago when learning Calculus, my teacher told me that ONE OVER ZERO IS NOT NUMBER BUT A CONCEPT, it seams that new generations are not thought in the same way

[@BrianBiscione]

Gracias Brian, really appreciate you sharing your time and knowledge in these difficult times.

[@mariespencer5628]

So the Professor says, "oh no, I can't explain it," and then he goes on to explain it with utter clarity. Well, I listened to his books a number of times so I absolutely know he understands it.

[@rhmcvay]

This two hour format was quite enjoyable and succinct. Your guests are always interesting. I love sharing the link with my friends, and watching it again again for a better understanding. You cover a lot of ground with each live stream! Muchas Gracias from Miami :)

[@minagica]

Only on physics KZbin is 2 hours "succinct" 😛❤️

[@itspunit01]

Sir.. you are such an inspiration for us... Thanks a lot...❤️❤️

[@samirsaha2163]

What a mesmerizing discussion between the 2 brilliant people!

[@mariat.lymberis6985]

Thank you for yet another effort to bring out of the views of working scientists

[@johnjoseph9823]

Excellent conversation with Priya. Thank you Brian

[@randylamonda460]

I love this discussion thank you both very much

[@abhayjaiswal9836]

Love to see rise of My Indians people!

[@atulnroy]

What a great presentation, nice explanations mostly only verbally.

[@jadecoley]

Wonderful discussion, thank you. Could you invite Jim Al-Khalili on and talk about quantum biology? It's extremely interesting, and he's also an excellent teacher.

[@turanamo]

wow! He is amazing! The first comment I see when I scroll down that I totally agree with. Ok, that was way too many "I"s in a sentence. But Jim Al-Khalili is the best teacher there is!

[@jadecoley]

@@turanamo I've just bought his latest book. I can't wait to get stuck into it. Notice how I joined you in the too many "i"s hehe. Hopefully Brian Greene will invite him to talk.

[@learschntuh7244]

000⁰00⁰⁰00⁰⁰00⁰⁰⁰0⁰⁰000

[@learschntuh7244]

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[@Jason-gt2kx]

Novel Dark Matter Hypothesis Dark Matter is simply unaccounted for gravity. GR states that gravity is the consequence of the curvature of spacetime. Is it possible that the structure of spacetime itself could be warped without the presence of mass? Spacetime has been shown to react like a fabric by warping, twisting, and propagating independently of mass, and all have been proven with observations from gravitational lensing, frame dragging, and now gravitational waves! Fabrics can be stretched, pressured, and/or heated to the point of causing a deformation. All of these conditions were extreme during inflation, so it is plausible that the “fabric” of spacetime analog could extend having its elastic property have hit a yield point. Therefore, if gravity is the consequence of the warping of spacetime, and fabrics can be permanently overstretched, then those empty warped geodesics would create gravitational wells independent of mass. My hypothesis of DM is subatomic black hole imprints of the quantum fluctuations that popped in at the moment of inflation. These would be clouds of quantum sized floating fixed geodesics, so they couldn’t expand or evaporate. Perhaps nothing has been detected because there is nothing to detect, and GR wouldn’t require modification of mass interactions because DM would just be an extension of how space-time behaves at extreme conditions. No WIMPS, no MOND, no parallel universes, just empty spacetime deformations that produce gravitational wells to help jump start galaxy accretion processes.

[@Josh-jc3hd]

I've often wondered this myself. I've also wondered if time dilation is what holds a galaxy together. a galaxy does kinda look like a combination of a wave function and the time dilation diagram of a bicycle tire. keep thinking up new ideas. the world needs them

[@rahulkumble9910]

Bingo!! Always wondered why should space need matter at all to curve or bend or contract to give the effect of gravity? Space could show the peculiar behavior of bending or stretching on account of some other process, not just only in the "presence" of some dark "matter" of "energy". May be we haven't understood "SPACE" itself and thereby not understood fully even gravity, hence hanging onto classic entities of "matter" or "energy" restricting space to behave in a certain way. May be space has other behavior independent of presence of matter or energy for it to bend or stretch.

[@Jason-gt2kx]

@Blue I don't know. Perhaps they keep getting infinities because they're suppose to. Quantum mechanics allows for all possible outcomes, so that would be an infinite number. Maybe, they are just over thinking it like the Schrodinger Equation.

[@daffidavit]

So the Professor says, "oh no, I can't explain it," and then he goes on to explain it with utter clarity. Well, I listened to his books a number of times so I absolutely know he understands it.

[@laaradee]

My granddaughter is 11 years old, she lives away, I would love to see a group of science ladies talk about their young experiences as - when, how and why science was for them?

[@laaradee]

Dr Priya is awesome!

[@kagannasuhbeyoglu]

Thanks for all the videos WSF. Great man, great chanel 👏

[@rochellegonzalez1137]

You are a fantastic font of information, insight, and perspective Brian! I hope water comes to your door, as does rain on a sunny day🌞

[@varundwivedi8563]

OMG Priya is ssoooooo beautiful ( and intelligent ) - the TV shows need to refine their production lighting, back ground etc ......whatever they currently do does not work. This is the best session of Brian Green by far - because i like Priya !.

[@damirhudorovic1171]

😭I had read RB story 50 years ago, still is one of the most sad stories I have ever read, even today I remember it

[@anpsinhasinha8499]

Excellent discussion on dark matter

[@mehdibaghbadran3182]

Good day, thanks 🙏

[@Prayukth]

The mysteries of universe continue to inspire mankind to probe, research, examine, experiment, delve, calculate, theorize and validate. A world without these mysteries would have been a dull place to live in....so thank universe for science that connects us to these masteries. If it were upto religion, we would have just accepted everything as divine and kept quiet. What an amazing discussion and an equally amazing intro by Dr. Greene

[@sirvapalot]

i enjoyed listening to Priyamvads'a voice

[@nicolawright4771]

Another thought provoking subject ur expertise is compelling Like ur eyes

[@krishnamaharjan6088]

it was an enlightening discussion.

[@peteedwards8439]

The theory also suggests, by consequence, that these extra dimensions are made of some form of energy, or its equivalent ‘glue’, but by the same token the feet that walk upon that ‘glue’ must also recognize it. The ant must have components that recognize it built into the soles of its shoes or the dimension will be so dark it won’t matter!

[@krabblerouser]

What a wonderful conversation between two brilliant minds!

[@kevinbell1138]

Thank you Mr. Greene for sharing a bit of your insight and genious. Pehaps some of it will rub off on some of your less formulaic audience, like my self - very appreciated :)

[@daffidavit]

21:15 The good professor describes a ficticious debate between David Albert and Donald Trump. That discussion reminded me of the part of the movie "The Forbidden Planet" when Dr. Morbius brought the Doc, and Capt. Adams into the Krell laboratory and used the "plastic education" on each of them. The others had IQs in the genius range but the caption's IQ was "normal". Professor Morbius then said to the skipper something like: "oh well, I guess you don't need brains to be a good commander"........

[@mehdibaghbadran3182]

Thanks regards I learned from you and the others,

[@FredHosea]

...a bit too many interruptions of the guest speaker by Brian made it difficult to keep continuity of concepts and argument. Otherwise, very challenging and illuminating...

[@bodozeidler9118]

The "Ring traps theory" from 2019 Provides a consistent model, what Happens with knowledge, and how it comes to universes seemlessly, even in accordance with godels sentences.

[@sirvapalot]

i love your work Brian , im hungry for understanding i appreciate the free content being a Disability Pensioner on limited income

[@kamalsekhon-dhillon1462]

Very intelligent & interesting discussion thank you for sharing. Actually dots are connected but it’s hard to put in words I sat in long silence meditation 🧘🏻‍♀️ it takes so deep I see visualize pyramids & my third eye 👁 takes me so so deep it’s so deep .. beyond time & place experiences. No language can explain :)

[@subhanusaxena7199]

As a vedic scholar I do agree with your assessment at 35:00 , for the goal of the vedas was not to explain the phenomenological universe, but to point to a deeper reality and provide purpose and meaning to existence. The vedic texts let the laws of science explain the universe of cause and effect and explicitly praise the use of scientific enquiry to understand the universe of phenomena. There are a few interesting poetic as you say references you may enjoy though: Rig Veda X.90 Atyatishthat dashaangulam. That (cosmic being) extended into the 10 directions (dimensions). Also pado'sya vishwa bhutani' all of matter is but a quarter of what matter there is; Rig Veda X.190 Ritam cha satyam cha... Truth and the Eternal cosmic order were born from a blazing primeval fire. Taittiriya Brahmana 3-5-10-5 vayam agner manushaah we are beings born of fire; Prasna Upanishad: what is the universe made of? Rayischa praanam cheti-Matter and energy; Energy's nature (praana) is described in the Brahma Sutras 1.3.39 as kampanaat, because of its vibrating nature. Also the Bose _Einstein condensate gives us a hint of the non-dual (advaita) nature of reality as it approaches complete rest (upa-shaanto'yam atma; this atman is utter silence at complete rest, according to Shankaracharya). Hope you find this useful

[@viswagsena108]

Please see youtube CVSBHU -feb 13 my invited Lecture . 15 research Books cosmology Vedas at LULU dot com your loose comments discredit ancient Divine Knowledge baset

[@manjsher3094]

Let's stay in science and not Woo Woo.

[@elguada123]

People who talk crap like this should have their Doctoral degrees taken away from them

[@iwanthidayatullah5035]

what the future of universe? it's every matter decaying ? how about dark matter it is decaying to

[@barrerasciencelabuniverse6606]

Well the section about not enough water was the most entertaining part.. thumbs up..

[@babyUFO.]

40:25 "Nothing unreal exists" - Matriarch of Vulcan

[@fireandice1860]

Thank you for saying its never too late

[@sarahsierz233]

Thank you!! The both of you are great!

[@SAM00780]

it was a wonderful session professor Brian Greene..can you invite Elon Musk to discuss aerospike and Edward Witten to discuss more about String Theory!! please. ALSO YOU ARE NEVER OLD FOR ME..ALWAYS THAT THEORETICAL PHYSICIST WHOS IS EXPLAINING THE GENERAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY IN THE BEST WAY HE CAN......!!!!

[@kalijasin]

Priyamvada Natarajan Is brilliant.

[@tonibat59]

I'd say shedding light is the one thing you cannot do to dark matter. We might some time understand it, but light is not to affect it in any way.

[@arthurriaf8052]

How is live broadcast notified to people that want to join live to ask questions?

[@dannyb2816]

Hi Brian, can dark matter consist of these virtual particles that constantly pop up and disappear in empty space?

[@peteedwards8439]

It may be the folding of other dimensions causing the fluctuations we see as virtual particles as those ripples reverberate through the universe.

[@easwarsankar]

Undergraduate thesis with Alan Guth!! Sheesh! What a name drop!!

[@hemantmeel4057]

please invite Alan Guth!

[@danielsocher3763]

Anyone knows when the next q&a is scheduled for?

[@gerardbiddle1808]

Shedding new light on dark matter with Brian Greene and Priyamvada Natarajan 2:09:27. ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️

[@peteedwards8439]

It is interesting that wherever you find gravity in concentration you also find the bending of space nd the slowing of time, suggesting time is being bent as well. But matter is charge, Either positive, or negative or neutral (Balanced) as in the neutron, but its still charge er unit volume. Thing I can’t square is electrons are spread out over a much bigger volume than protons, and this imbalance gives rise to the emergent property of gravity.

[@peteedwards8439]

If the extra dimensions where connected from manifold to manifold (knot to knot) by a string of energy (of that dimension) then it may well look like quantum fluctuations in the vacuum energy density.

[@ramaraksha01]

If we can't see these extra dimensions but a microscopic creature can walk in them, shouldn't the creature also disappear? Isn't that a way to see whether these dimensions exist or not?

[@Kausalina]

Excelent discussng from mr greene and mrs priya..i hope quantum world especially physic present...and i am the leader..in Indonesia i mean..tq

[@seavoyeur]

Wonderful talk...thank you!

[@lj32920]

I've always loved listening to you and a whole herd of intelligent science sharers.. You are probably the most educated and of the greatest level of genius or have a manner that makes it seem so. I dearly wanted to study physics, but I have a kind of dyscalculia that makes me extremely slow in mathematics as well as often wrong. Since I was a young adult I've been amazed by the progress in science, especially since we are all stuck with these three dimensional brains and only five-plus senses. Of course we can't perceive most of the life out there. Or any, so far. And you tell us of all the various dimensions and universes of string theory. Though I read Heinlein, Azimov, and all the science fiction I could get my hands on as a small child, I see the hope of being able to communicate with other species as more fictional. Also, have you considered the ideas of Hoffman and tribe that question our ability to know true reality at all? But now I'm a 73 year old grandma, and I'm just grateful for all the endless amazing science people like you and Huberman and Lewis Howes and guests bring us. You keep my life fascinating. Thank you.

[@mehdibaghbadran3182]

The duty’s of dark matter, and dark energies, is that, to feeling the gaps between the galaxies and planets, and keeps us safer!

[@sirvapalot]

its so important to see the truth as opposed to what is being said

[@AnujYadav-lu6fd]

Hi ankit

[@AnujYadav-lu6fd]

@@CramCrusader hi

[@l.e.productionscorporation8082]

I do believe there's life out there...somewhere

[@piec6062]

I would like to answer that question....but thats above my pay grade.

[@amanisax5630]

Einstein explaining relativity to an ant! Lol Too spot on an analogy. Laughed hard

[@emilynguyen6259]

I want to ask about a particle's relationship with the environment. Whem the particle iitself expands, space must expand. Other than classical movement there is another way of motion! Growth. Is thatt snother axis?

[@teepee431]

That was really a wonderful interlude on string theory. Would it not be a 360-degree distribution?

[@holoman7601]

Dear Brian In your discussion you remarked that quantum theory demonstrates time translation invariance of the laws of physics, but that is not correct. The unitary aspect of quantum theory in the sense of the wave equation for the quantum wavefunction demonstrates time translation invariance, but the measurement aspect of quantum theory does not. Measurement in the sense of a quantum state reduction or collapse of the wavefunction breaks time translation invariance. This is nicely demonstrated in figure 22.1 on page 529 of Roger Penrose's book The Road to Reality where he interposes the processes of unitary evolution U with quantum state reduction R in the time evolution of the quantum state of a physical system. The physical universe is understood as a physical system. The process U respects time translation invariance, but the process R does not. The process of measurement or observation in the sense of the collapse of the wavefunction is not a time translation invariant process. In effect, a measurement resets the initial conditions for the unitary time evolution of the quantum system. Every measurement resets the initial conditions. That's what a quantum state reduction does. Once the initial conditions of the system are reset by a measurement of the system, time translation invariance in the sense of the unitary time evolution of the system is broken. The reason this is so important is because this is what we are constantly doing as we observe the world. Every observation of the world is a measurement of the world, and by its very nature, every observation must break time translation invariance. We are constantly resetting the initial conditions of the world as we make observations of the world. Unitary time evolution of the world only applies between our observations of the world. The measurement problem is the most important and pressing problem we have in terms of understanding what modern physics is telling us about the nature of the physical universe. Until we get the measurement problem resolved in a satisfactory way, we will never be able to make any real progress in terms of an ultimate understanding of physical reality. We need to understand the connection between observation and physical reality, which inherently is an observable reality. At a fundamental level, this is the connection between our own observing consciousness and the physical reality that we observe. This question is all about the true nature of the observer. There are two hints in the structure of modern theoretical physics that allow us to move forward. The first is the second law of thermodynamics, which basically says the arrow of time is directed in terms of entropy increasing, which is the same as heat flowing from hotter to colder objects. The second hint is the holographic principle of quantum gravity, which ties into the second law as it explains where all the fundamental qubits of information that constitute the dynamical degrees of freedom for the world are encoded. These qubits of information are the fundamental nature of entropy. The holographic principle fundamentally tells us that the qubits of information are encoded on a two dimensional bounding surface of space that bounds a three dimensional region of space, like the observable physical universe. That two dimensional bounding surface of space can always be understood as an event horizon that arises in an observer's accelerated frame of reference. This is wonderfully explained in detail in Amanda Gefter's recent book Trespassing on Einstein's Lawn, where she interviewed many of the best theoretical physicists in the world that work in the area of quantum gravity and tried to make sense of the recent developments that led to the discovery of the holographic principle. At the end of her book she finally brings the holographic principle together with Carlo Rovelli's relational interpretation of quantum theory and comes to the conclusion that every observer must observe its own holographic world defined by its own event horizon that acts as a holographic screen. The observer's holographic screen is where all the qubits of information are encoded for the observer's own holographic world. The observer's holographic screen can only arise as an event horizon in the observer's own accelerated frame of reference, and so that holographic screen is inherently observer-dependent. The idea of a consensual reality shared among different observers can only exist in the sense of a Venn diagram of information sharing among different but overlapping holographic screens. This problem of information sharing among overlapping holographic screens is the essence of the entanglement problem, as Tom Banks has repeatedly pointed out. This way of understanding observation in terms of every observer observing its own holographic world leads to a more natural solution of the measurement problem, since it eliminates paradoxes like the Wigner friend paradox. Multiple observers simply do not exist inside the same observable world. Every observer observes its own observable holographic world. Different observers can only share a consensual reality due to information sharing among different but overlapping holographic worlds. As Gefter struggled to understand in her book, this raises fundamental questions about the true nature of the observer. PLEASE discuss the measurement problem and its implications in one of your broadcasts. PLEASE address the issues raised in this note. PLEASE interview Amanda Gefter about the radically important implications of her book with regard to the measurement problem.

[@davidbutler378]

I see some people are easily impressed. However, I did find the information about the simulation code fascination. I wonder how modular the code is and how much hard coding is necessary. The data libraries must be immense and I suspect it's classical rather quantum simulated hardware. Was used I'm encouraged that some aspects of dark matter is being nailed down.

[@dwijgurram5490]

Brian's greens brother is a Hari Krishna devotee , wow 😳

[@popipagkalou4755]

Your speech is very important you speak about science and religion.can you explain with scientific evidence how to explain the miracles of saints of our church and how the holy water is always good!!?

[@timrichardson8666]

We have to think long term about these questions really we are only just beginning

[@jmanj3917]

1:10:00, So someone should not be allowed to be themselves just because You think the person is a jerk? It sounds like she's the intolerant one in that equation.

[@cosmotalk7227]

thanks for the video pretty much like it

[@peteedwards8439]

I keep coming back to the same observation. If the universe is an emergent dimensional set from a deeper concentration of universes then would the effects of matter in alternate, but close, dimensions, not attract matter in our own dimensional set? This would suggest the concentrations of mass in our own galaxies would complement the mass in other dimensions. Would this lot lead to the mass density plots we find by examination?

[@ModeratelyInsane]

She seems brilliant.

[@bobaldo2339]

Her paper gets discussed at about an hour and 3/4 in.

[@helmutschillinger3140]

Why if light is massless, can it be bent by a large mass? In black holes light cannot escape. Therefore light should have mass.

[@michael0156]

Not enough talk about dark matter... but I already have that figured out! Dark matter - 1. Lots of it, which I believe was the stuff from which our universe sprang. 2. Undetectable - really interesting - 3. Passes right through us and the earth, without interacting. 4. Holding galaxies and clusters of galaxies together, through its massive gravitational influence. Here I want to induce everyone to think about the density of dark matter, what the possible states the early universe might have been in and how changes to dark matter density might happen during the universe's development... More to come...

[@t3hPoundcake]

I always wondered if the fuzziness of the quantum world is due to the quantum world being small enough to slip in and around and out of these extra spacial dimensions, but at the macro scale we can only perceive the larger 3 so we don't look to be moving around through all the extra spatial dimensions.

[@zedstar0]

Wonderfully interesting even to a 60 yr old A Level Student!

[@marioalbertotorres2459]

Do you have new information about Crispr cas9 and lifespan?

[@donnarhodes4813]

Would Love To Share this Teaching with Brian Scott 💕🧝‍♀️✨🎤📡...

[@1a1c]

I would argue that the metaphorical has greater value to mankind than the mathematical.

[@maggiebrooks268]

Can a dimension be something like color, temperature, etc.

[@mgenthbjpafa6413]

Excellence, congrats.

[@AdamGNordin]

So we could be dead and alive at the same time considering eternal life in paradise where it will be a point in time that we never realize we ever left from there in the first place?

[@anshulgoyal7996]

can't we calculate the mass of light using e=mc^2?

[@ashek1264]

Briene, I have no doubt that there is life beyond solar system but that life form maybe absolutely different than we know. The evolution as we observe in our planet is likely to occur in other planets too. The design is based on a specific life span and reproduction based on natural selection and this should be applicable to other observable or non observable planetary system too.

[@vidyashankar1293]

This matter is so sofisiceted whch you fill than i can sear to you in hindi language thank you

[@henryjraymondiii961]

What symbol is the actual thing. The word "tree" is not a tree. Not ever. There is only ONE BIG thing that ever was "going on". Math never deals with this unless infinity speaks to a fraction of itself. Same as all "language". Nothing sums up.

[@wordgeezer]

What do you want to know? ~ a little about everything ~ or everything about a little

[@henryjraymondiii961]

@@wordgeezer ; my desires are not abbreviated, are yours? Duh. The big question, which is silly actually, is not about amount, polarity--or anything else--the questions are alredy abbreviated in order to be "questions"...

[@henryjraymondiii961]

@@wordgeezer Could you even begin to answer either of these micro questions? You pose such trifles, are you a little short this month?

[@sirvapalot]

we are evolving through time

[@mr8ty8]

Can you get Ian Hutchinson (nuclear physicist) about the future of energy.