Your Daily Equation #32: Entropy and the Arrow of Time

[@Izzy-qf1do]

Mom: Get your life together. Me: Can't Entropy.

[@Rawdiswar]

Outstanding comment, will use this in the future.

[@hasanreisdenizel4132]

Some hisrorical events can be seen on a surface if We can collect the wibrations backwards..

[@kronkite1530]

I'm not sure if you read the comments posted following your videos, or would even have the time(!), but I'd like to offer a heartfelt thanks for them, and to remark that I cannot get over how much time you willingly give up to educate, entertain and inspire us. So, so generous. Thank you.

[@briangreene407]

I do look from time to time. Comments like yours are very gratifying. Thanks so much.

[@avadhutd1403]

Hi Professor, Thanks for Ur lecture Lots of love from India God bless you BG

[@blitz9196]

I love Indian because of their curiosity.

[@craigrotay3732]

All the Daily Equations have been perfect. I can't wait for the next one. BUT, This one is so great to get a feel for the laws of thermodynamics. Dr. Brian is brilliant in explaining principles that are challenging to dumb asses like me.

[@muhammadms4287]

We’re in same level bro😆

[@Antonio-lt1sp]

Another dumb ass here, from Brazil, checking in 😅

[@martijn130370]

I stood in front of the tombstone of Boltzmann in Vienna on friday 13th on my 50th birthday, just days before the world went corona 'crazy'. The cemetery was almost closed, it was hard to find, but in twilight even more impressive! This is an equation that will last.

[@paulg444]

its an equation with staying power !

[@Zonnymaka]

Well, the equation itself is due to Planck, not to Boltzmann.

[@gedlangosz1127]

All I can say is that my desk has a very high entropy and is extremely unlikely to decrease any time soon!

[@ShannonMcDowell71]

Thank you for these videos! I'm not a student in physics, but I've always had a great interest in it, and I've learned a lot from these sessions. Thank you again and take care, stay well and safe!

[@OPbatman]

This episode was sponsored by Christopher Nolan, so that you can understand his upcoming movie, TENET. Entropy and arrow of time. The inversion.

[@truxpinoy360]

I am also here because of TENET 🤣

[@vincencohan3626]

Im here becauE i have seen tenet

[@kirstinstrand6292]

@@vincencohan3626 NFLX?

[@vincencohan3626]

@@kirstinstrand6292 yes

[@Gabriel-zf3ol]

i wish he continued these

[@willgateme8523]

What time to be alive having these videos from great minds for free. This is a rare moment in history, our world with Electricity providing the internet is very fragile, maybe in a few centuries all this is lost, cherish and embrace your time alive right now

[@drwho7545]

This lecture is weak on pure meaning or in other way vague or loosely associated or half baked thought delusional and slightly halllucinated. Credit is given for the attempt.

[@danielbachour9987]

Fantastic professor Brian! I think this has been the best explanation I have ever seen about entropy!! I feel happy to say this! Thanks for all you have gave to us!!

[@robertgoss4842]

From explaining the Big Bang to demonstrating the basics of General Relativity on TV with Stephen Colbert, you have made difficult scientific ideas understandable to us all. Science dorks around the world owe you a huge debt. Thanks a million, Dr. Greene.

[@meetghelani5222]

I've never been addicted to something like this...this much! Thank you Dr. Greene for your valuable insights and wisdom through this series and thanks a lot WSF!

[@laaradee]

Used to decide whether or not to buy a dictionary on their definition of ‘entropy’, it was surprising but common to find dictionaries with no entry for entropy.

[@geoffreyfaust3443]

Leo Tolstoy also observed that there are more disordered states than ordered ones in Anna Karenina: "Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way."

[@esk8er900]

My man who’s been in all sorts of amazing documentaries with amazing visuals and broad strokes of theories- literally now has me back in AP Physics just as confused as ever once the X and letters enter the picture lol. Almost had some flashbacks there till I remembered how my teacher taught us how to manipulate the reference sheet ;) but this is what happens when science communicators can backup their statements with the cold math... Thanks as always!!!

[@pradeepdixit6130]

Thank you professor... Respect from India ❤

[@lisamuir8850]

Truly enjoyed your descriptive explanations. Found it interesting and unusually understanding for the most part. Thank you so much.

[@paulg444]

my appreciation of Brian Greene grows daily !!

[@borntoosoon7824]

Thank you Prof. Greene; very interesting as usual ! So that's why time travel is forbidden, because it would reverse the tendency of entropy to grow. Regarding the arrow of time, you said that things fall in order to reach a region of spacetime where time is slower. Could it be that "falling" should be a way to escape from a region with high entropy (because time is faster so more configurations happen) to another with potentially less entropy due to a "shorter" arrow of time ? Taking this reasoning to its extreme, it is correct to say that if time stops entropy doesn't grow anymore? Another crazy idea: could it be that traveling through time is much more "expensive" than traveling through space ? (I'm talking about components of spacetime) Because when there is a component along the time axis, things "age" (there are changes of state) and so entropy grows...(maybe the Universe tries to fight entropy with gravity). Sorry, but all these lessons unleash my fantasy :-)

[@eransinbar8628]

Prof Greene .my name is Eran Sinbar from Israel . Its a pleasure seeing your inspiring videos and read your books . a major question that bothers me: could it be that our known local fabric of spacetime is divided into Planck length sized spacetime cells and between them there is an extra non local grid shaped dimension (or dimensions) that is responsible for the non local quantum phenomena like for example entanglement? could this extra dimension conceal the non - symmetry in the arrow of time?

[@anjinsantaipan4393]

Just came across your videos and love this format. So many others have over the top splashy videos and graphics that usually just distract from the topic at hand. Much prefer your approach. Please keep it up! Love the ringing telephone… real life at its best 😂

[@TheEnigmaUniverse-vt2pm]

Your content never fails to amaze me and ignite my hunger for knowledge about the universe. Thank you for sparking my curiosity.

[@peaceovertures]

Thank you Prof. Greene! I really appreciate your ability to take complex topics and make them easily digestible for anyone (sign of genius). I especially enjoyed how you maintained your focus and train of thought while the phone was going off. I wish I had that skill - fun! Oh...and is it Ree-dl like needle? Someone please solve that problem too (wink).

[@patriciavanfossen4162]

i only recently found this channel. most explanations concerning physics blow by me. but i can understand yours to the point i at least know what you are talking about. I'm not educated but i'm life long curious. Thanks. first saw you on star talk, now i am a fan. you do a great job illuminating einstein's work for non physicists.

[@SirLothian]

To reverse the broken glass, would you also need to somehow supply (or remove) heat to cause the bonds to re-form to convert it from a bunch of silicon shards into a smooth glass?

[@JohnDlugosz]

Reverse not just the shards as objects, but the atoms making them up, along with the air (which he did mention), as well as the atoms of the floor. Heat is just motion you're not tracking in detail; sound is motion of the air and atoms too. Think about how a cat jumps up to the top of the refrigerator: there is no extra energy so he just eerily comes to rest at the top of the arc. It very much looks like a reversal of something falling. The atoms on either end of the break will come together with exactly enough remaining energy so that the bonds form as they approach and then the bond draws them together further accelerating the velocities towards each other; but finally the energy transferred through the bonds across the face will be in phase to carry on as a compression wave, that meets a similar wave coming up from the ground and they cause the floor's vibrations to cancel out and become still, while the now-unbroken glass is launched upwards.

[@byGDur]

I deeply appreciate your videos and the knowledge you are sharing with us. Thank you!

[@annagorska1229]

Wow, I've never ever learned so much about entropy in such a short time. It would be very interesting to hear more about this from Brian. Too bad it's the last episode ...

[@isatousarr7044]

Entropy is fundamental in understanding the arrow of time within astrophysics. As the universe evolves, the second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time. This implies that the universe, moving from a low-entropy state shortly after the Big Bang to its current high-entropy state, gives rise to a directionality in time. The increase in entropy not only influences cosmic structures and processes but also shapes the way we perceive time itself, as we experience events unfolding in a forward direction. How do the processes of cosmic evolution, such as star formation and black hole mergers, contribute to the overall increase in entropy, and what implications does this have for the ultimate fate of the universe?

[@시드니최서방]

정말 대단한 강의입니다. 책을 통해서는 잘 이해가 되지 않았었는데 이 영상을 보고 완벽한 이해에 도달했습니다. 수학 부분은 빼고..ㅎㅎ 엔트로피, 열역학 제 2 법칙 또는 경향, 시간의 화살 그리고 빅뱅 시점에서의 고도의 엔트로피 질서를 갖고 있었던 이유로....우주가 팽창하면서 질서에서 무질서로 진행하는 과정에서 별과 은하계 행성 지구 그리고 인간과 같은 고도의 질서체계가 발생할 수 있는 원리 등등... 브라이언 그린 교수에게 감사드립니다!!

[@sarmadnajim4839]

I did appreciate every single minute of of all 32 sessions , i thank you dr.brain green

[@ranapratap9230]

Why no new episode of Daily Equation has not came ?

[@CabildeoDigital]

i love u brian!!

[@paulc96]

Thanks again Prof. for another great episode. Have you considered doing an update of "Fabric of the Cosmos" ? I would buy the DVD again !! All the Best, Paul C.

[@sheilac5319]

This was superbly helpful. Greene made the subject matter interesting throughout! (Thank you!)

[@Antonela.Stoica]

Artificial atomic structures created by electrochemical resonance will help us to take the first steps in dealing with this great chapter talking about the reversibility of time. Thank you.

[@Dr10Jeeps]

What a surprise! An interesting, informative, and articulate description and explanation from Brian Greene. I love these sometimes daily equation sessions and will sure miss them when Dr. Greene stops giving them.

[@XRP747E]

Such beautiful, almost poetic explanations. Outstanding. Thank you, Brian.

[@StuUngar]

XRP community?

[@lifesciences6981]

Loved it. Thanks, Brian.

[@alaapchowdhury6320]

Please make more videos on this

[@RJ-xe7sm]

Great explanation 👏👏👏

[@Nf3Master]

Dear Professor Brian Greene, Hi. I just want to say - thank you for having these videos. Are you familiar with Edgar Cayce?

[@draganostojic6297]

Great lecture

[@liaquatali8413]

incredible lecture Sir as usual. That provides so many foods for thought, for instance if the condition at the time of big bang was in super order what sort of thing that might have been. If life is the result of residue of that order, what kind of consciousness that actual order would have possessed. Are multiverse and parallel universes not accessible by us since they fall under the category of higher entropy, and so on and so forth

[@muhammadms4287]

It’s make sense, like professor Greene said that Big Bang is came from the end of infinite high entropy , which Big Bang itself is low entropy high disorderly

[@qwilingo]

Great explanation.

[@ayyappaas]

Thanks so much for taking this question up that I requested in the second episode. This was a really good refresher! Thanks very much again Prof.

[@mireillecourteau48]

That is extraordinary! Thanks to Prof Greene! I have learned much today, and also today I have more questions than yesterday. For example: if laws of physics allow reverse entropic "trajectories", what about irreversible chemical reactions, such as combustion?

[@neonblack211]

its the same thing, he mentioned that, all laws of physics (physics involved chemistry) are included, he talked about a candle reforming, the laws of physics allow it, its just very unlikely

[@iam6424]

Whoa.... great lecture Sir ! Especially tht statement about the anchor/ residual order... of Big bang tht sort of gives order to our current ordered stuff !

[@dmitritobias]

Hi. Why some things that break you can sometime put together again (like when you break clay dough) but some you can't (like wood, or the wine glass etc)? About the glass, even if you apply force to each of the piece in a such an exact reversed way when it hit the floor, the glass won't become whole again right because you must melt glass for it to be seamlessly joined so the piece will remain in pieces? Since a child I have always wondered how come I can rip a piece of paper in two but I can't put it together again. They won't stick with each other. What happened at molecular level when I rear it? Why won't the molecule join back? I found out it's when the object is mallable or easily separated, that it can be easily joined again. Why?

[@michaelkrenciprock6145]

Brilliant, TY for not editing out the phone. Now we know your human like everyone else! :)

[@hershelsmith884]

Declare professor Greene the rockstar of science world 🤟🏼

[@gahanchattopadhyay2889]

That's the most beautiful explanation of entropy that I have ever heard

[@jimpickard3850]

Brilliantly explained Prof !

[@taka23455]

that means the universe after reaching highest entropy state,the tendency of object from moving order to disorder stops and ultimately leads to the end of the universe and it will feal like time is stopped.

[@curtthechameleon]

Your explanations of math and physics are awesome. Id like to see a Physics of Music episode sometime.

[@edkure]

Interestingly, this explains why the Moonwalk is such a sensation! MJ and the others reversed a natural phenomenon: WALKING. Thank you Prof. Greene for a very easy to digest method of explaining Entropy.

[@Antonela.Stoica]

Hello!I was thinking about the energy conversion points...Could we consider these points as sensing sensors in an electromagnetic band type system?I await your response.Thank you!

[@anushreejanoriya7408]

We are waiting for you sir ... Come soon... U r the best teacher of secrets of this world... Salute to ur genius mind and gentle nature towards giving water to our thirst curiosity. Lots of love and respect from India🙏

[@anushreejanoriya7408]

We couldn't give anything but a huge thanks

[@williampower9591]

Brian or other knowledgable folk, I have understood the condition thought to exist shortly after the big bang was some sort of "formless plasm" which it seems would be a state of total disorder. Just a bunch of subatomic particles whizzing around with almost perfect randomness. How could this be a low entropy state? But somewhere there was an anomaly-clumping-that brought some particles together. Matter was thus created, the fabric of space time was slightly deformed, and eventually stars were created. Obviously there is a problem, probably more than one, with this picture. What's your idea about this? How does this square with low entropy?

[@user-or7ji5hv8y]

These daily equation is awesome.

[@thomaslaine2118]

Great lecture! One question though: Might it not be an error to equate the thermodynamic arrow of time with the true arrow of time. As you note, entropy can decrease although it becomes fantastically unlikely as the system grows. Time, however, is not a statistical phenomenon like entropy: it cannot even in theory spontaneously go backward (to our knowledge). Furthermore, suppose the universe reaches its maximum entropy; as far as we know time will still move forward then. It's not like the diagrams you showed stopped progressing once maximum entropy was reached. Yes, perhaps it is practically impossible to distinguish the past from the future in a system of maximum entropy, but that doesn't mean that a past and a future don't exist in that system. Maybe we should simply consider entropy a natural phenomenon that occurs in temporal systems and the direction of entropy is only determined by the arrow of time of the temporal system. In other words, our existence does very much depend on the statistical phenomenon of entropy, but time itself (and the arrow of time) is what enables entropy to function in the first place.

[@rhcpmorley]

You infer arrow of time is universal. But it should be Arrow of change. And change is reference-frame (quantum) specific. And quantum change is reversible.

[@filipvasilevski8115]

Arrow of time is same as arrow of change ?

[@rhcpmorley]

@@filipvasilevski8115 No, categorically not! Arrow of Time relies on a single universal 'time' thing. Change is reference frame (e.g. quantum) specific. Every quantum event has its own arrow! But multiple, sequentially dependent change event series (i.e. the collective noun 'Time') become non-reversible, or have a perceived 'direction'...you can't unscramble an egg. But you could reverse any individual event in the complex chain...each isolated change event has no 'direction'...the 'direction' is dictated by subsequent dependent events. The Arrow of change is categorically quantum (or reference-frame) specific. The Arrow of Time is considered to be some universal phenomena. There is only ONE arrow of Time, there are quintillions of arrows of change!

[@C2Baird]

Thank you Prof. Greene. Your simplification of Entropy rocks! Q. pls, is it possible to get a copy of the code for the coin simulation by Danny Swift? My 17 year old Nephew loves it.

[@ashishganguli69]

Dear Dr. Greene, can you please help me understand something i never could find in any of the programs about double slit experiment. Every program says interference pattern breaks down to definite particle state once measurement is done by detector but nobody says how the detector actually measures the "which way" path. Is the detector some kind of a passive screen or does it shoot a beam of laser to measure the path or something else? Some scientists says that interaction with another particle breaks the interference pattern- in that case there are already so many particles moving around in space like photons bouncing off the walls of the lab, or cosmic rays or background microwave radiation. Why that does not interact with the electron wave and break the interference? Does that mean the double slit experiment is done in complete darkness and shielded from all outside interaction?

[@milkton12345]

Beautiful!

[@gustavozubieta-calleja]

Beautiful, indeed!!!

[@alaapchowdhury6320]

Please make more videos on time and Quantum consciousness

[@amogh5427]

We love you Sir

[@luisfredericopdick3866]

2 questions: The arrow of time was wonderfully explained (2nd Law + residual order), thank you for that. 1st QUESTION: does this means that the arrow of time loose any meaning when the maximal entropy was finally reached? 2nd QUESTION: by the used example the motions where equally probable, randômico, like by diffusion. How would entropy evolve if we do have a preferential arrow for motions, when there is a slight higher portability in one specific direction, like by the migration of charged particles in an electric field?

[@medaphysicsrepository2639]

This is greatness !

[@mehdibaghbadran3182]

Times is so sensitive,and we should liked any second of it , let’s have some rest after few year’s hard work and been refresh for next

[@rlsfrny]

For more on this subject, I recommend Leonard Susskind's entertaining and enlightening talk on Time as a One-Way Street.

[@mitchellhayman381]

Around 3 minutes in, I started to think about entropy in a different way. Those 3 examples were very good for building up the concept

[@niloy5673]

Sir you are sharpest example of your name.... Masha Allah....maybe Brian... I named brain....

[@nishantyadav8013]

Prof. Greene please make a video on quantum gravity

[@myselfbandori]

thanks prof GREENE

[@pipertripp]

This was a crackin' wee chat. Thoroughly enjoyed this. So good I watched it at 1x!

[@gaumeister]

Yes! Thank you Professor Greene!

[@santoshmahur8793]

Fantastically explained 👏🏻👏🏻🙌

[@tomsmith4542]

nice job Sir !

[@drhssumanchcbhandra7849]

can u make a video on time every thing that u know

[@drhssumanchcbhandra7849]

please tell when u make a video ----Regards dear physicist

[@user-or7ji5hv8y]

Can energy change entropy? If so, is there an equation that links energy and entropy?

[@Antonela.Stoica]

Hello! I thought about the Brownian movement that would ensure the formation of other structures, but regarding the broken glass experiment on the frequency line, to ensure reversibility,Before the experiment we have to create a linear transformation system, which restructures my atoms, forming these artificial atomic structures. Thank you!

[@LMFAORomania]

Thank you Doctor. Greetings from Romania.

[@YossiSirote]

I don’t understand how entropy increasing leads to me remembering the past and not the future. When we deviate and there is a rare fluctuation that reduces S, does that mean time has moved backwards?

[@timewalker6654]

Finally, i thought he gave up on us

[@Kawaljeet-qu7or]

I am wondering about that simulation, how to make that program, I am trying but stuck in between. Can anyone help?

[@cibernauta49]

Thank you profesor for a very interesting lecture.

[@luisfredericopdick3866]

By the glass breaking example, not only every motion must be reversed but also the chemical reactions, with the recombination of many Si-O bonds. Overcoming their activation energies is necessary, as well.

[@dartagnanx1]

Terrific!

[@evilpandakillabzonattkoccu4879]

Honest Question I would love an answer to: To Preface it, I will start with - Since we understand entropy by virtue of witnessing and experiencing it, then we see that time moves forward.... and that is based on the information we receive. When people talk about going backwards in time, the assumption they make is that they will carry... some sort of information with them that will be the catalyst for change, leading to a different future outcome. ....seems to me, however, that if we reverse time, we lose information. If I didn't know what the word "photosynthesis" meant and you explained it to me, I would learn. going backwards in time means returning to before I knew what the word meant. If I am returning to a point where I didn't know the meaning of the word.....I lost information. so, my question is the following: If we went backwards in time suddenly.... how would we even know? What test could be done where entropy is measured, then time is reversed and no information is lost? If I see a glass of milk and think "I will trip and spill this if I don't watch out for the cat" ....then the cat runs in my way, but I don't spill any milk..... obviously, that doesn't mean I tripped over the cat, spilled the milk, went back in time and 'intuitively knew' to avoid the approaching cat. So, is it possible that time, say... oscillates and we are unaware? if so, how could we tell either way? I've asked this before and the only answer I got was "we wouldn't survive such an experince"..... which makes no sense. You would be returning to a previous point in time..... where you were alive. if you survived making it through time the first time, you would go through the same stream of events you just went through. you survived it once....why would you die the next time? ......just curious. I'm probably not intelligent enough to get why this is a silly question but, I'm fine making an ass of myself... so, learning in the process isn't going to do me any harm 🙃

[@manaharchowdhury2402]

Can we get the code of simulation?

[@hooked4215]

What's is most astonishing is that time at athe quantic level flows in the opposite direction that it does at the macroscopic scale.

[@muhammadms4287]

This is the first time I’m watching the video, and it’s already blew up my mind😱 while watching this video I repeat in many times to understand it again cause I really excited about the topic and how I hypnotized by Prof. Brian words🤔. I truly encourage with this topic and I really really appreciated this one. Thank you so much for sharing. Greetings from Indonesia 🇮🇩

[@orsozapata]

Thanks prof. Greene, nice lesson as usual. Question about the past hyphotesis: how can we considered the big bang an highly ordered state? It was a hot soup of photons and high energy elementary particles chaotically moving. Has that to do with gravity? I believe I heard prof. Penrose discuss this but I'd like to hear your point of view.

[@Antonela.Stoica]

Hello! Thinking about the reversibility of time, it is possible to form artificial atomic structures. Thank you!

[@avadhutd1403]

Sir From last month we are missing u and ur daily equation Is all things ok? We are waiting here for ur next inserting equation and thought

[@michgingras]

some people like to take vacations

[@Kawaljeet-qu7or]

We are waiting for your next episode of daily equation ,sir. Is everything fine sir, when will it come, sir?

[@woody7652]

Thanks, Brian.

[@coscinaippogrifo]

Between low and high entropy, there must be a mid-entropy configuration that has a reasonable chance of happening, though, so sometimes we should be able to observe a random order coming from disorder, in a closed system. Or am I wrong?