有趣的舊鎮 A Fascinating Old Town // 布先 Pusing

[@10cFILM]

4:51 Spelling correction : SIKH TEMPLE, not SILK TEMPLE

[@Pockipockipocki]

Never mind silk or Sikh, Its still a beautiful temple,!

[@10cFILM]

@@Pockipockipocki yes in deed very beautiful. I love all the Malaysian culture and architectures, find them astonishing gorgeous

[@PeterLi-lv3tc]

主持人的广东话讲得很好听， 而且在介绍的部分讲得很详细，很好谢谢你 ❤

[@10cFILM]

謝謝你欣賞我們的廣東話👍🏻👏

[@yllean]

广东话的评述有专业水平。

[@mybabylokey]

Thanks so much for doing it in Cantonese. Slowly become a dyibg dialect in Malaysia. The young ones only speak Mandarin these days. So sad

[@10cFILM]

My pleasure! Yes the latest generation Chinese mostly don't speak their native dialects, that's on their parents wrong emphasis and perception because most mandarin speaking kids are studying in sjk (c) anyway. They have plenty of opportunity to learn mandarin. Part of the reason I started this channel mainly in Cantonese was also due to the aim to preserve Cantonese as a spoken dialect.

[@2mikelim]

Love your HK accent narrating a msian documentary in classic queen's Cantonese. Are you by any means from HK?

[@10cFILM]

@@2mikelim glad to know the spoken Cantonese resemblance with the classic queen's Cantonese. Just hope our dialects will last

[@2mikelim]

@@10cFILM it seems that the standard of spoken classic Cantonese is higher in msia than in spore. Here ethnic spoken Cantonese gets corrupted by hokkien, Mandarin, Malay and English intonations resulting in laughable mish mash.

[@10cFILM]

@@2mikelim I reckon Malaysia is the same, becoming rojak mixing with other dialects. But I think it's unique to this part of the world, nanyang. The narration that we used in the videos is more proper/formal Cantonese, but I still miss the old generation's informal Cantonese which contains many special words that only can be found in Cantonese

[@chiwahng1398]

好親切的旁述，欣賞主持人的聲音！

[@10cFILM]

他絕對有著獨特的聲音🫰🏻

[@cheechinwong5585]

I have been to Pusing about 5 times. The last time was more than 23yrs ago. Each time, we will go for lunch at a Chinese restaurant nearby the Pos Office which serves some really delicious duck delicacies. Thank you

[@10cFILM]

Good to know that, has it been changing much since from the look of this video?

[@RaviSingh-cr9mo]

Thank you ..growing in 80s and 90s pusing is very close to my heart ❤️. Also parit , siputeh batu gajah and lahat . I'm from menglembu and now live in london . I just watched your lenggong video and please if you can , add some English subtitles . A happy subcriber 😊

[@10cFILM]

Thanks for the sub👍 There is an option to turn on the subtitles when you go to setting, press on the captions and select the language you prefer🙂 It is always nice reminiscing the memories during our childhood time

[@yllean]

Many sikhs in Pusing can speak fluent Hakka, are you one of them?

[@RaviSingh-cr9mo]

@@yllean hello 👋 and I hope you well . Coming from menglembu I speak fluent Cantonese . If you asked me if I had any regrets in my life , the biggest one would be not learning mandarin in school . But if I was still living in Malaysia I would probably be speaking Hakka fluently . Have a good Christmas and New year.

[@kokhuatlim685]

With a bit more on the history of the town you visited, it would be a splendid documentary. As usual, wonderful job! Thanks a lot.

[@10cFILM]

Yeah, will be great to involve some locals to give some interviews but most of the time the locals are a little shy and reluctant to give interviews

[@actevnet]

Those who were born in and around Pusing in the 40s will remember the hardship that immediately after the Japanese surrender, the whole area within a circle of a 15-20 mile radius were relocated to Pusing with some to the Gunung Hijau New Village due to the communist insurgency. Our ancestral home was in Sayap just at the interior of Kg. Selising about 5 miles from the centre of the town and we are were given a small plot in the New Village where we built a wooden house and had to rent two shops to accommodate a big family like ours where some family members started new businesses as curfew was imposed and our ancestral home was a 14 acre farm growing cash crops, rearing chicken, goats and pigs besides being a storage area for our mining equipment as we also operate tin mines. The whole area including Bemban, Siputeh and Kg. Pinang were fenced up and a curfew from 6 to 6 was imposed and people going in and out were search to prevent the communists from getting food supplies. A British regiment was stationed about a few hundred yards from the curfew post and as a large proportion of those soldiers do not had any education and were illiterate we took the opportunity to help to read their letters from home as well as helping them to reply will be offered chocolates, canned sardines, Brittania Dry Rust, powdered milk in craft paper bags and even cigarettes in tins in desperation and we also get bottled ink and fountain pens and notebooks at the same time as we took advantage as much as possible and sometimes make unreasonable demands as well and we thoroughly enjoyed that phase of our lives when we are now in our 80s.

[@proxxymax6814]

Good channel, pls keep up the good work!

[@10cFILM]

Thanks, will do!

[@imanalbratoaz9752]

东方茶室，传统手工包，一流！每次经过必定打包带走~

[@10cFILM]

希望多點人可以去小鎮走走，吃吃當地小食

[@maimunamerican3911]

Wonderfully made! Thank you!

[@10cFILM]

Glad you enjoyed it!

[@kincheong7748]

Thank You So Much ! God Blessing !!!

[@10cFILM]

Thank you sir!

[@palmtide]

Interesting scenario of a small town.

[@10cFILM]

Yes, it's quite an interesting little town

[@elviras4378]

Lovely 😍😍😍😍😍😍😍💖💖💖💖💖💖💖💖💖💕

[@10cFILM]

Thanks 🤗

[@obeah]

welcome back! missed your videos

[@10cFILM]

Thanks for your being so nice 🙂

[@ridermototukun4203]

Nice drone footage. Love that homestay....

[@10cFILM]

Thanks for the kind words🙏 We did not stay at that homestay, a guy we met at Lenggong who is a friend of the homestay owner recommended us to the place just to do a brief tour

[@snoraida29]

Subscribing from Italia.

[@elviras4378]

Gracious ...💖💖💖.. merry Christmas 🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄🎄💕

[@10cFILM]

Many many thanks!

[@gilbertkong2089]

Love the look of the old shops.

[@10cFILM]

it takes people with keen eyes to appreciate old values

[@imanbinamran]

This is lovely!

[@10cFILM]

Appreciate the kind words 🙏

[@vivienliewleewen8474]

The kuih in front of the market brings back so much memories. My late father will buy some on his way back from Ipoh. We looked forward to as it is delicious and so many varieties.

[@10cFILM]

Thanks for sharing your memories, I like these kind of trivia but interesting past

[@nigelfelixcheongde2980]

Pusing - where I used to devour an array of Nyonya Kuih. As I'd come here on a monthly basis, I made it a point to try each and every type of kuih they had for sale, continuing the following month those I hadn't tried. To be fair, Pusing had more to offer. Here, time's frozen momentarily. Life was tranquil and unhurried. Satiated with kuih, I'd sojourn in Papan.

[@10cFILM]

Good to know 👍🏻

[@munghinhoy4501]

Tq. You did a good job to promote Pusing town.

[@10cFILM]

Thanks for watching 👍🏻

[@patrickngoa6876]

Thank you for showing my home town

[@10cFILM]

No problem Patrick. My pleasure!

[@wengchan5658]

Really enjoyed the video!

[@10cFILM]

Awesome, thank you!

[@teyahming9488]

聲音很好听！ 忽然很怀念以前的广播員！

[@10cFILM]

聲音好，賣相更好😏

[@Miyako74]

聽起來像小時候廣播的聲音 好懷念🎉好喜歡😍

[@teyahming9488]

@@Miyako74 感覺是广播劇的大咖！

[@Alex中年大叔]

没去過这地方 谢谢您的介绍

[@10cFILM]

不用客氣，很多本地人都沒去發掘本地的特色

[@prabagardarman7553]

Beautiful ❤

[@10cFILM]

Thanks 🙏🏻

[@tiambingtan9533]

A laid back town paired with a relaxing background music, perfect pairing in my opinion 👍 Also, to those who wanna brush up on their Cantonese, watching these videos is a good start & can also learn new things at the same time. A win-win hehehe ✌️

[@10cFILM]

Thanks for the compliment 🙏Glad that you saw some positive values from the video. Happy learning👏👏

[@syuen._.0930]

很感謝你願意分享我們的布先的小鎮，我是開頭開蔬菜店的阿嬤的孫女，真的很感謝你的宣傳😉

[@10cFILM]

不客氣，跟你阿嬤說她很上鏡😁

[@ValC488]

Enjoyed this video! Please keep up the good work! 👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻

[@10cFILM]

Thanks, will do! 🤙🏻

[@nadzmiharon9073]

Keep up the good work sir. I wish I could have the time to visit and explore all such small pekan you show in Malaysia.

[@10cFILM]

So nice of you, 🙏 It's such a bliss if you take some time to slowly stroll through those small towns

[@leest4498]

Nice sleepy old town where I first tasted the best "fui chew ng" or tilapia fish 👍👍😋😋

[@10cFILM]

Must be good due to the quality of water source

[@jacksix6169]

終於更新了

[@10cFILM]

Jack哥，我終於返左嚟喇😅

[@jacksix6169]

@@10cFILM 三個月又三個月~

[@10cFILM]

@@jacksix6169 哈哈哈哈...時間過得真係快，轉眼就過左半年. 依家要重新練功了

[@jacksix6169]

@@10cFILM 要了要了~

[@wailengchong5795]

My parents’ kampong! But I never explored the town much. After watching this video I think I will!

[@10cFILM]

Maybe you should since it's where your parents grew up. Bring them back to have a stroll 😁

[@matthewyap3996]

Thank you for your beautiful commentary.How about doing a commentary on the once mining town of Sungai Lembing in Pahang.Tq.

[@10cFILM]

Thanks for your suggestions, we will look into that town 👍🏻

[@simunooi5306]

Good to have your old towns series back. Your previous upload made me think you had decided to become a foodie. 😄

[@10cFILM]

Was just busy doing some paid work the past few months. The food video is one of them 😁 Don't worry, will keep exploring the old towns albeit it took quite a lots of time to create 🙏

[@newjourney9220]

Just found your channel. I must say beautiful cinematography and narrating

[@10cFILM]

Welcome aboard! Thank you very much

[@szetoanthony]

Like it ..with Cantonese..very friendly

[@10cFILM]

Thanks for liking it👍🏻

[@jabarullakhan3675]

I studied in Batu gajah perak near pusing town. Old rememberance came back again

[@10cFILM]

Recently I looked at a bunch of old photos from someone else, I can see those eras without mobile phones have more colorful lifestyle than now

[@yllean]

@@10cFILM Those days tin mines were everywhere. There was even a rail road to transport tin from Tronoh to Ipoh. During the Japanese occupation, the rail track was taken down by the Japanese to build the railway track across River Kwai, Thailand.

[@tangcy3548]

❤👍👍👍❤

[@tnamarketeer1370]

Thank you for bringing my old playground back into my memories. Its been almost 30 years since i last was in Pusing. Back then it had so much life and spirit. Now its slowly vanishing. The freeway from Lumut to Jelapang really took Pusing's lifeline away as how it did to Batu Gajah ( its sister town ). Authorities should have let these freeways run thru this old towns to give them life... unfortunately they didn't

[@proxxymax6814]

R u joking? The whole idea of highway is to speed up travel time, not to go thru small towns n jammed there.

[@tnamarketeer1370]

@@proxxymax6814 not joking...only shallow minds will think it is. Obviously you speak before you think. If you know how Pusing town is shaped, you'd understand that the road thru Pusing town shortens the distance if the freeway went thru it. The current freeway also has 2 traffic lights compared to one traffic if the freeway went thru Pusing. Pusing is made of only 1 main street that cuts thru the town. One only needs less than 10 minutes to pass thru the entire town of Pusing. You spend more time passing thru 2 traffics light on the freeway that bypasses Pusing town. Meanwhile in Batu Gajah, the freeway cuts thru a village on the outskirts of the town. No gasoline station in sight for the next 35kms which is located between University Petronas and Bandar Iskandar. The freeway also has 2 traffic lights and one overhead bridge to bypass the town. One will have to turn in at the 1st traffic light towards Batu Gajah, go thru the busiest street in town, past thru a traffic light, make a u-turn to get to the 1st petrol station. Then he would have to go thru the same process to get out of Batu Gajah to get on the freeway. Instead if the freeway went thru Batu Gajah directly, there's access to the Petronas station, exit off the 1st traffic light and get back into the freeway in less then 2km avoiding traffic. So now you know why i said so... you're welcome. Next time be wise to ask why would one say so rather then punting sarcasm

[@10cFILM]

Glad you enjoyed it! Thanks for watching👍🏻

[@actevnet]

Being a Pusing Chai, I always impress on my children that Pusing is our hometown and we go back every year at least once just to absorb the atmosphere like going round the market early in the morning, buying farm produce by those farmers that bring their loving grown vegetables and fruits, enjoy the various local foods especially the "kueh" and HamYukChung dumplings besides buying as much as we possibly can cart home to KL especially "PinYinKo" peculiar fruit that's very rare and of my favourite "Buah Tarap" which is from Kg. Pisang near the junction of the Ipoh - Lumut leading into town and only Pusing-born people will know.

[@doudouLove_1.30]

久違了影主，真係好想念你但最近好少打開油管頻道，今日打開睇到影主影片，親切感馬上返嚟好想念旁白靚仔 ❤❤❤

[@10cFILM]

我都好耐冇上片了， 我都好掛住旁白靚仔把聲音😁

[@doudouLove_1.30]

@@10cFILM 影主 多分享美食 小鎮大街樸實寫照

[@10cFILM]

@@doudouLove_1.30 👌陸續有來，可能將來會走入新村

[@andrewchang8192]

​@@10cFILMThank you . Reminder of what we lost or loosing . Keep it up . Patents from Taiping . I was born & raised in KL ..

[@andrewchang8192]

Correction Parents from Taiping

[@benlwyy]

My hometown ❤

[@10cFILM]

💯💪

[@kcsundaram8594]

I don't understand the language but thanks for sharing about these heritage towns. Subtitles would be very nice 😊

[@jacksix6169]

Turn on CC icon on top right of screen will pop out subtitles, select your preferred language and then enjoy the video

[@10cFILM]

Thanks Jack for helping out 🙏🏻

[@farouqomaro598]

Love the architecture of the old shops

[@10cFILM]

Yup, those were more elaborated design compare to the minimalism nowadays, just too bland for my taste

[@farouqomaro598]

@@10cFILM I hope one day you can come and do a video on the old towns of Sabah's West Coast built by the Chinese, namely Beaufort, Membakut, Bongawan & Papar. The buildings are wooden.

[@10cFILM]

@@farouqomaro598 I'd love to 😍 are you from Sabah or live anywhere near those places?

[@farouqomaro598]

@@10cFILM Yes, from Sabah.

[@Hitomi_kadoorie]

終於回嚟啦！師兄

[@10cFILM]

大師兄番左嚟喇

[@Hitomi_kadoorie]

@@10cFILM 太想念你大師兄 只有你影片搵到歲月留下的回憶痕跡 唔好再咁忍心掉下期待其他師兄師妹啦😘

[@10cFILM]

@@Hitomi_kadoorie 👌收到！

[@yoksanglou7133]

茶果令人难忘！

[@10cFILM]

茶果又是一個快將變成過去的產品，令人惋惜

[@chengchooideep1168]

Great. my lovely hometown

[@10cFILM]

Yes it is a very peaceful town, love it!

[@dunceboreas3188]

睇完,接下来将会计划三日两夜体验布先既旅程,感受一下当地人的生活文化。

[@10cFILM]

有時間可以去埋Papan, BatuGajah, Siputeh, Tronoh. 都係一啲週邊既小鎮

[@dunceboreas3188]

好建议!👍

[@beachstarss.4481]

很有回憶的小鎮，以前小時候住端洛，90年代小學時期每個星期六都從端洛搭巴士來布先轉車去batu gajah學電腦。几時做一集關於端洛的故事？

[@10cFILM]

端洛可有什麼前輩可以接受訪問，講講故事的嗎？

[@ianchungmunleong3393]

My great grandma was there,surname Cheah and doing tin mining business.

[@kongchoimee7246]

This video reminds me of my grandma who taught us this Hakka saying: "Pusin amoi, Lahat sook. Man li moong fasang, tamoon luk" 😂 Which translates: Pusing is famous for preety girls while Lahat is know for handsome guys. Menglembu is famous for peanuts and Tambun is pomelos😂 Thanks for your effort in bring back such beautiful reminiscence of all these towns. Well done❤

[@10cFILM]

Wow, that was a nice one from your grandma, guess she must be from Pusing while your grandpa from Lahat😆 and they spent their time together in menglembu and tambun and tried out the famous groundnuts and pomelos. Thanks for watching 👍

[@chonglim9076]

很好的讲解，好听又易懂的廣府话，加油！😂😂😂

[@10cFILM]

多謝晒！

[@kimilo7439]

那个民宿 很适合做电影场景

[@Boboli-m1q]

My vivid memory take me back to 1972 station there as 26 yo soldier.

[@10cFILM]

Wow it feels just like a blink and it's already so many years ago. It must have been wonderful time during those days, and many stories to tell the grandchildren 👍

[@wuxilie]

❤

[@10cFILM]

🙏

[@emilyyeap8365]

👍 PUSING TOWN

[@10cFILM]

Thanks 👍🏻

[@taikeongyong3408]

❤👍

[@10cFILM]

🙏🏻

[@huiteng4768]

可以去一去司南马 位于吉打和霹雳的边界，也是个小乡村

[@10cFILM]

喔

[@maxsoon1097]

A very unique name "Pusing". We wonder how this name got it in the first place. Small town and surprised there are cars more on the road. 😮

[@10cFILM]

I found its name quite fascinating too. I think that's the main road from sitiawan and beruas towards Ipoh

[@ianchungmunleong3393]

Chung surname ,zheng in Cantonese,a common hakka descendants in Pusing.

[@jalanbakti]

Next pekan Parit. 😁Plss

[@10cFILM]

Pls provide info and contacts

[@nickloong]

All these sleepy towns need a bit of attention and support from the local MPs to give them a 2nd wind!😊

[@10cFILM]

Agreed to your opinion, hope we can preserve all these valuable assets no matter which race. The Malaysia heritage is inclusive of everyone from peninsula and east Malaysia

[@mrgod5139]

Is there another town called roti planta?

[@abdulmuiz8566]

Damn, i miss my home so bad.😢😢😢

[@10cFILM]

🥲

[@cheangym]

1970 年曾在附近的锡矿场任職, 一晃就几十年....

[@10cFILM]

人生就是這樣啊，匆匆一晃，回頭已是百年身了😔

[@yllean]

想当年一跨出门口就有锡矿场。

[@davidtay9347]

70年代的新加坡就是这样

[@10cFILM]

香港6-70年代也很有趣

[@davidtay9347]

@@10cFILM Please do a clip on the 60s-70s HK.Love it.There r so much similarities between SG and Hk

[@10cFILM]

@@davidtay9347 lol need to time travel to the 60-70s to create a video then but I'd love to if that even possible

[@quah1220]

1:35 鸣凤酒家，小时候经常会和家人朋友从怡保专程去他家吃海鲜😀

[@10cFILM]

有開海鮮餐廳的朋友，小時候一定過得很幸福🙌

[@mrgod5139]

Hi everyone, I’m pusing king 😊

[@10cFILM]

😅 spin king 👑

[@adzmanhanif5645]

Substitle in english please..nice video.

[@10cFILM]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/j2i6ZWSMgt2sh6csi=sylWwV-am1f3MF2k Hope this helps!

[@casey7057]

PJ old town, Petaling?

[@10cFILM]

What do you think my friend?

[@ongteelian8300]

👌👍🏼✋🤲❤🙏✍ 🤓

[@10cFILM]

🙏👍👏🙌

[@yllean]

Kinta River does not flow through Pusing but Batu Gajah.

[@10cFILM]

Noted, thanks for the additional info 🙏🏻

[@FurLessPolarBear]

这不就是我门全马最有实力的“实力恒哥”住的地方，Pusing

[@10cFILM]

請問”實力恒哥”是哪方的猛人？

[@ysabelledurant]

Papan just a stone throw away is way more interesting.

[@suriatekad4845]

小城故事的魅力。。。请问这小镇靠近哪里？

[@Ck-8rc]

片头有介绍

[@kittychoong4622]

虾面在哪里？靠近哪里？

[@10cFILM]

大街人和茶餐室內，我也是google 才找到的 guangming.com.my/%E6%80%A1%E4%BF%9D%E5%92%96%E5%93%A9%E7%94%9F%E8%9D%A6%E9%BA%B5%E2%80%A7%E6%B1%81%E6%BF%83%E9%BA%B5%E5%BD%88%E8%82%89%E7%88%BD%E6%9C%89%E5%92%AC%E5%8B%81

[@ongteelian8300]

3:49

[@10cFILM]

?? 🤔

[@muhamadfirdaus2069]

1992 我住在pusing.金红和金星你们还在Pusing 吗？？？

[@10cFILM]

Hi, glad that you have some old friends living in Pusing. You may find them easier in their fb group facebook.com/groups/1378106455633292/?ref=share&mibextid=NSMWBT Hope this helps 😁

[@muhamadfirdaus2069]

@@10cFILM tq

[@FX110T]

喜州，用客家话发音，与Hijau非常相似.

[@10cFILM]

可能是客家話，廣東話更接近那個發音

[@tetiwonders7252]

Subtitles much too small

[@10cFILM]

Ok, noted. Future new videos will use KZbin captions, size can be adjusted by users

[@kentchang7671]

香肉摊在哪里?😂😂😂

[@10cFILM]

布先有人賣香肉嗎？

[@mymy-zx3ly]

退休了可以在那边享受

[@10cFILM]

我們拍的很多地方都適合退休😏

[@yllean]

我有一对来自星加坡的朋友夫妇，退休后在布先附近的民万新村定居，如今已有十多年，生活非常愉快。

[@10cFILM]

@@yllean 夠錢養老，很多小鎮都合適，比城市好

[@owen9997]

okokokokokoko

[@10cFILM]

🙏🏻

[@Arivakrish]

Not SILK TEMPLE...ITS SIKH TEMPLE

[@10cFILM]

Pin comment already mentioned that long time ago

[@lcgdanan967]

Old and fascinating has a different value of saying !, please don't confuse yourself ... I went to ipoh 2 weeks ago its a freaking dead town , most of the shops are closed on Thursday, you wont see a decent vintage kopitiam or get a cup of tea after 2pm , A bangla selling chicken rise in a food court opposite of Hotel Excelsior ... unbelievable messed up ipoh

[@10cFILM]

Ok

[@NasirNasir-uh3ih]

Old town mana p.j ke

[@10cFILM]

Ye Kumar, sebelah pj old town

[@haroldchin2807]

mana tempat?

[@10cFILM]

Ini dia! en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pusing

[@muhamadfirdaus2069]

Perak

[@zzse135]

很多BG华人都搬来这里了

[@10cFILM]

BG是什麼呢？

[@JackJack-rn5uh]

​@@10cFILM華都牙也batu gajah =BG😅

[@10cFILM]

@@JackJack-rn5uh 謝謝你的解說，現在瞭解了

[@ralphyiu116]

东莞门口狗

[@jefffong1031]

Please speak in a proper Cantonese . Ask Hongkonger to teach in a proper and correct words .i hear some of the words are Malaysia Cantonese

[@10cFILM]

Perhaps we are Malaysia Cantonese speaking locals, if that make sense. The word Cantonese comes from Canton, the former English name of Guangzhou, capital of Guangdong, which was once considered the home of the purest form of Cantonese. In the late 19th century, English postal authorities transliterated the city of Guangzhou to Canton. Because China used Guangzhou to control most trade with the West, the English traders quickly popularized the new name. Cantonese is a language within the Chinese (Sinitic) branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages. It is spoken natively almost exclusively in Southeast China. Cantonese is also spoken in Hong Kong and Macau. Cantonese is approximately 2000 years old and belongs to the Yue family of Chinese languages. It is believed to have originated after the fall of the Han Dynasty in 220AD.

[@siewkee6093]

But l really love it😅

[@bl8198]

copycat

[@10cFILM]

Sorry boss for copying you 🤷🏻

[@bl8198]

I have nothing for you to copy, I mean you are copying someone else in the way of your presentation style..@@10cFILM

[@10cFILM]

@@bl8198 if you started to accuse someone openly of copying, please at least provide a link to prove your legitimacy. We are willing to see if your claim is valid.

[@theuptownlife]

❤️

[@10cFILM]

🫰🏻