Yamantaka Puja / Gyuto Tantric Choir / Dharamsala

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Really powerfull, really helpfull, a great blessing.

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எனக்கு தீட்சை கிடைக்குமா

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999

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🙏🙏🙏👍👍👍

[@bodhicitta]

"Brief history of denominational influences in Tibet. Oppression of Buddhism, and then, Revival Beginning in 899 under King Lang-dharma, there was widespread persecution of Buddhists, which some historians attribute to concern over a decline in political authority. The consequences of that oppression was a period of about 5 generations during which there was some social and cultural decline and confusion. However, Buddhism was firmly re-established after the arrival in 1050 of Atisha, who had come from Bengal to settle at the great monastery of Thoding. This revival was complemented by the work of the intrepid Tibetan, Marpa the Translator and his devoted student, the yogi Milarepa. Various monasteries then exerted predominant influence, but the original stream is known as Nyingma. Sakya lamas were the next to establish their monastery and tradition, followed by the Kagyu who were the first to publicly announce incarnated lamas. Change came with reforms instituted by Tsongkhapa, who in 1407 organized a conservative form of Buddhism usually referred to as Gelugpa. In return for helping Buddhism reach the Mongols,* the Gelug lama, Sonam Gyatso, received the abbotship of Ganden near Lhasa and the title in 1576, of Dalai Lama (Ocean, or Wide-wisdom, Teacher.) During the reign of the fifth Dalai Lama, the Mongols exerted such influence in Tibet that some local rulers even called for Chinese intervention. In response, Gushri Khan decided to invade Tibet and in 1645, established the Dalai Lama as monarch. The Dalai Lama, also called Gyalpo Rinpoche (Precious King,) is one of those considered to be an incarnation on earth of Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara. The Tashi or Panchen Lama, though, is considered the incarnation of Buddha Amitabha. The former, being closer to sentient beings in experience, perhaps held greater secular power, and he was situated in the capital Lhasa, in his palace and monastery called the Potala. The Tashi Lama at Tashilunpo, though he is also considered an emanation of Buddha Amitabha, was "only" spiritual advisor to the former. [link is to 1902 drawing by S. C. Das.] The various 7 or 8 regions of Tibet were administered by both lamas and laymen. There were local rulers, aristocracies and landholders, as well as territories administered by monastic institutions or labrangs. Besides various ministers of state, there was a national assembly, the Tsongdu, and a lesser assembly that was always in session. Administrative subdivisions were divided into prefectures, each under two men -- one a layman, the other a lama. They collected taxes in kind -- sheep, barley, wool -- and were responsible for judicial duties and communications. Under these local sub-prefects were the village headmen and elders who were appointed. We have accounts by travelers such as the Italian, Marco Polo, some Arab and Turkish traders, and there may also be evidence of earlier Roman contact. However, the first documented European contact came in 1661 with the Jesuit Antonio Andrada. Six years later an Austrian traveled to Lhasa followed by the Belgian, D'orville. In 1774, British East India Company agents reached the Tashi Lama at Shigatse. In the 19th-century, Europeans were prevented from entering Tibet, and expelled if caught. They managed to visit the Forbidden City anyway. The Bengali Indian scholar Sarat Chandra Das whose dictionary is well-known, obtained Tibetan texts, and the American W. W. Rockhill collected geographical information. When Indian officials tried to open trade with Tibet, they were refused and fighting broke out in Sikkim. The Tibetans were repulsed by the British; the Chinese intervened, and a treaty was signed which the Tibetans refused to recognize. When a Mongolian Russian, Dorjieff, interested the Russians in Tibet and the Dalai Lama tried to play Russia off against the British, the "Great Game" was afoot. You can read about those times in "Rudyard Kipling's Kim". Russian arms began arriving in Lhasa and British interests were threatened when conflict again broke out on the Sikkim-Tibetan border. After fruitless negotiations, Col. F. E. Younghusband managed to enter Tibet in December 1903 with armed British troops that reached Lhasa in August. Finally, a treaty resulted which included trade concessions. Though the Russians and British agreed to stay out of Tibet, the Chinese were not included in the picture. Though a large segment of Tibetan territory had been under Chinese influence as for example, western Szechuan, for the most part Tibet had been able to exert its independence as the Chinese situation deteriorated severely in the 20th century. Flag of independant Tibet was widely recognized in 1933. Under the Communists, a treaty was signed, which Tibet, defenceless in the community of nations, could not avoid. Then the Chinese broke the conditions and moved great numbers of troops and Chinese settlers into Tibet. Interference was followed by fighting, most notably in the eastern part of Tibet. Then the Dalai Lama fled to India as did many other people. All in all, it is estimated 1.5 million died as a consequence of the invasion. The Cultural Revolution period of the 1960's was especially damaging. A conservative estimate of the number of Tibetans living in exile in lands other than China is 150, 000. In an effort to undermine the attachment felt by the people of Tibet for its religious leaders, many of whom had left, the PRC government began to intervene in the selection of reincarnate lamas, most notably the Panchen Lama whose monastic status is higher than the Dalai Lama's. In Jan. 2000, the present (17th) Karmapa, Ugyen Trinlay Dorje was obliged to flee in order to be able to fulfill his religious aspiration. Today, roads, dams and railroads are being built with slave labor. The environment is being ruined and the natural resources robbed. News regularly emerges with the testimony of fleeing refugees, of atrocities being committed on the land, the animals and the people. "In 1950, the forested areas of eastern Tibet were annexed to China and renamed as parts of Sichuan and Yunnan [for example, Kartse.] Tibet's forests became the PRC's second largest timber source, and an intense programme of clearance began. It is estimated that in 1950 forests covered 9% of Tibet, but that by 1985 the total area had been reduced to 5%. In Kham, between 1950 and 1985 forest cover was reduced from 30% to 18% -- an estimated reduction of 40%. In U'Tsang and Amdo there was a 50% reduction. Roads continue to be built to make the forests accessible for logging. By 1985, 15% of U'Tsang's forests and 50-70% of those in Kham had been opened up by road. " ~ Tibet Facts 3" Source: John Brzostoski's article at Art of Tibet.

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Potente!