1. Introduction and Scope

MIT 6.034 Artificial Intelligence, Fall 2010
View the complete course: ocw.mit.edu/6-034F10
Instructor: Patrick Winston
In this lecture, Prof. Winston introduces artificial intelligence and provides a brief history of the field. The last ten minutes are devoted to information about the course at MIT.
License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA
More information at ocw.mit.edu/terms
More courses at ocw.mit.edu

[@mitocw]

+Ella Shar The 6.034 course has 6.01 and 18.02 for prerequisites. You must be able to program in Python, and understand search algorithms (depth-first, breadth-first, uniform-cost, A*) and basic probability and state estimation (covered in 6.01). You will also need to know what the chain rule is and partial derivatives and dot products (covered in 18.02).

[@PelczarTomasz]

Electronics

[@amarug]

FichDichInDemArsch instead of just making a statement sounding like a deliberately defiant teenager, why don't you spell out the advantages of such a choice? assuming all languages are capable to doing the desired tasks, then ultimately efficiency gain is desired - so can you code that much faster in either of them languages or will the resulting programs that much faster that it will compensate the prolonged development time?

[@amarug]

FichDichInDemArsch Thank you for an elaborate and clear answer - I guess I was hasty to discard your comment. Probably based on some prejudice, which arose from your use of profanity and a username that could possibly only have come from a male teenager (as it means "fuck you in the ass" in German, with two (possibly deliberate) spelling mistakes). However, apart from that, you made a very good statement to underline your previous one-liner. PS: I have only few frustrations, so I need very little venting. :-)

[@mitocw]

FichDichInDemArsch We have courses available on those subjects as well. See the Electrical Engineering and Computer Science department for a full list of courses available at: ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/ or through our Course Finder at: ocw.mit.edu/courses/find-by-topic/#cat=engineering&subcat=computerscience&spec=theoryofcomputation

[@jeffreyjensen1748]

+FichDichInDemArsch I think you're missing the goals of the class. Python is easier to read, easier to learn, easier to refactor, and has much more community support online. If lisp isn't written in a decent fashion, it can be nearly impossible to understand. It's an ok language I guess. There are so many more libraries for python. Not having to write code is the best form of abstraction.

[@godmakoto1041]

I feel smart when I laugh with them

[@nuamaaniqbal6373]

God Makoto ahh haha

[@shivendhania7724]

😂😂😂

[@Detroitmamma]

Me2 😆

[@datopdlink]

Lmao wow 😭😭

[@wishcraft4u2]

You will be if you do it more often

[@bilalmohammed0]

It is a sad moment watching him explaining as I learned that this benovlent professor has passed away 19 July 2019. 💔

[@leojoy9347]

RIP

[@Kybalion88]

O. O thats so sad, he is so awesome, I was going to thank him..

[@corkeybucheck8666]

I hope he gets better soon.

[@Kybalion88]

@@corkeybucheck8666 he is dead 😭😭

[@Bitcoinminds]

@@Kybalion88 may Allah bless him

[@yogeshindolia3103]

38:50 He literally steps aside while saying "Let me step aside to make a remark" and goes on to say something off topic. Brilliant. I am going to try to do that as much as I can.

[@SouthernSeneca]

Taking this lecture in 2019, RIP Prof. Patrick Henry Winston you're an amazing teacher

[@aaronkonstantine2794]

👍🏻

[@rishabhvishal5425]

Was it Beneficial? Like was it outdated or still useful

[@SGIMartin]

@@rishabhvishal5425 The algorithms are never outdated - these courses will be good in 20 years from now

[@jayadeepmir7496]

@@rishabhvishal5425 Most of this is "classical AI" or as the course where I studied it called it, "knowledge-based AI" or "cognitive systems." The "outdated" parts are as relevant as "classical physics," in that newer research has built upon them rather than invalidating them entirely

[@Godfather-qr6ej]

@@rishabhvishal5425 there hasn't been anything major in AI for 3 decades now. last major thing was in '86 when Geoffrey popularized backpropagation(didn't invent, just popularized a technique from 1949). Geoffrey was working on forward forward, a new way to train neural nets, however he stopped working on it.

[@chrisaustin4115]

Thank you MIT for putting this online...thank you so much

[@marcusatiliusregulus]

Right how amazing that this is here and open to anyone to watch

[@kryzer1215]

Are there any prerequisites to take this course?

[@faysalarab]

@@kryzer1215 probably yes. Computer science 1 and 2. Software systems, etc

[@vivekmishra007]

RIP prof patrick, thank you for delivering such an awesome lectures, will really miss your teaching.

[@mid7699]

Did you go to mit?

[@kylemckenzie6772]

This gentleman is one of the most engaging lecturers I've ever seen. Lecture 1 and I'm wholly engaged!!

[@naveenkamath2882]

Where r u working now bro after 6yrs

[@user-tq9do5ss7j]

he is dead :

[@mimosveta]

congratulations on your engagement, both times.

[@KulvinderSingh-pm7cr]

Only way to remember you is this course.. I loved your every joke and the way you made this class so much interesting Thanks for this MIT and Thanks a lot Professor, May you find peace.

[@Hermaeus7]

Amen

[@allandogreat]

did you grad from MIT?

[@KulvinderSingh-pm7cr]

@@allandogreat No, but I took this video course to understand about AI and ML. But the professor was head of MIT SAIL and this course is taught by him every semester.

[@himal2000]

May we meet again

[@KulvinderSingh-pm7cr]

@@himal2000 yes yes

[@penguinmonk7661]

This was absolutely gorgeous, I was immature at the time I took my Machine learning course at my university and barely scraped by with a 6 by answering all the mathmatical questions correctly (of which I guessed 3) So it is really nice to have the chance to take a course like this again and at Ivy league level for free, I just wanted to say bless you.

[@randomman5188]

How much has your life changed since that?

[@marianlenehan9618]

I’m listening again to these wonderful lectures in 2023. When I first listened to them 8 years ago, as a nurse studying Health Informatics, I knew that this clever man would not live a long life. His body mass index and his laboured breathing told me that. People say body image doesn’t matter and, jn the entertainment industry, we frequently celebrate obesity. But believe me please, it does matter when your skeletal frame and body organs age. 76 was way too soon for Professor Winston to leave us 🙏💕

[@Godfather-qr6ej]

it deeply saddens me when an old person dies especially those with great knowledge and unique experiences.

[@LouisDuran]

We do NOT "frequently celebrate obesity". The opposite is true. Nevertheless, it is sad that he is gone at only 76 years of age.

[@world_ruler894]

bro my syllabus is this, should i go through this lecture series: Introduction: Definitions and Approaches, History of AI, Philosophical Foundations of AI, Turing’s Test, Searle’s Chinese Room, Symbolic and Connectionist AI, Concept of Intelligent Agents. AI Problem Solving: Problem solving as state space search, production system, control strategies and problem characteristics; Search techniques: Breadth First and Depth-first, Hill-climbing, Heuristics, Best-First Search, A* algorithm, Problem reduction and AO* algorithm, Constraints satisfaction, Means Ends Analysis, Game Playing. Knowledge Representation and Reasoning: Predicate and prepositional logic, Resolution, Unification, Deduction and theorem proving, Question answering; Forward versus backward reasoning, Matching, Indexing, Semantic Net, Frames, Conceptual Dependencies and Scripts. Applications: Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Expert System. Suggested Readings: 1. S. Russel, P. Norvig, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, Pearson. 2. E. Rich, K. Knight, Artificial Intelligence, Tata McGraw Hill. 3. N. J. Nilsson, Artificial Intelligence: A New Synthesis, Morgan Kaufmann.

[@jamesdebord7519]

Your comments while being correct have nothing to do with what people are learning here. People know we are a product of our choices. You are just using this genius of a man’s memory to make yourself sound intelligent. That’s sad!!

[@neel_epoch7580]

Patrick Winston was the professor that got me hooked with MIT, it's sad to comprehend that such a talent is no way. At the same time, it is somewhat comforting that his videos will be avaiable forever, reflecting his thoughts, and the way of his teaching...

[@senamit202]

What a huge difference a good teacher makes! I wish I had teachers like this when I was in school.

[@name-mb8co]

this is not school bro

[@CedrikTalos]

That.. Doesn't mean he didn't go to school.

[@EOh-ew2qf]

@@name-mb8co wait, mit is not a school?

[@MichielvanderBlonk]

@@EOh-ew2qf He means it's a university. Ivy league.

[@abhijeet242909090]

This man is at level 9999 in teaching. One of the best teacher I ever listen.

[@anupvtirpude1]

One of the best lecture I have attended, pretty happy to came across this. Thank you MIT and Mr.Winston to put it on internet, made it available for public. Attending regular courses are out of bound for me, but these kinds of sources helped me a lot. Please keep doing the good work. Thanks you so much !!

[@NeuralxAi]

I am From a village in Kashmir. We Don't Have Teachers That Can Explain Things on this Level And i Totally depend on These Great Teachers in MIT. Lot's Of Love Sir, I wish I could be the Part Of that University. I Can Only Say Thank You So much for Quality Education .

[@entengummitiger1576]

Keep going!

[@NeuralxAi]

@@entengummitiger1576 yes Just need Someone to Do together. It's a little difficult to to do all alone 💔

[@entengummitiger1576]

Must be hard. Can you move to a bigger city at least?

[@NeuralxAi]

@@entengummitiger1576 No its Not possible for me. can't mention the issues here...😂

[@entengummitiger1576]

@@NeuralxAi Maybe this could be helpful discord.gg/CbVJYtz

[@anonymous.youtuber]

This lecture is so full of wisdom! What a great way to start a course. 🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻

[@johanngambolputty5351]

I have watched some of this series once or twice already and will likely do so a third time at some point for completeness, such a great series.

[@troglodyto]

RIP Professor Winston - one of the most creative lecturers I've ever seen

[@cleverclover7]

Thank you to MIT and Dr. Winston for sharing this invaluable experience here!

[@nasserhussain5698]

RIP Professor Patrick Winston, your lectures are outstanding!!

[@greywolf271]

This lecture is Absolutely Incredible, owes so much to Patrick's teaching skills.

[@guillempitarch427]

Thanks to the MIT for making this material available for anyone. I never had the opportunity to meet Patrick Winston in person, but my companions and I devoured all his lectures and, in a way, he was another teacher for us. Descanse en paz maestro.

[@arrowb3408]

This is ONE OF best teacher among whole uni instructors in KZbin no matter in speech, explanation and logic. Still the best of the best. And very impressed that no computer allowed in his lecture but beholding your ears and eyes, so as the Prof. I would love to attend this Prof lecture if I got chance back to campus on the globe.:) I would rather stay with an inspiring and cool articulate teacher with well preparation and sense of humour instead of keeping on stuttering on lecture. A+ for this Prof. Again now i understand why MIT is the best school in the world just from this little window of this AI Prof. .............................................. STF...............................................................................

[@DeepGamingAI]

I remember seeing these videos years ago when I was thinking of undertaking AI courses at my university. He helped me make the decision to pursue it eventually. RIP :(

[@sarahtseng3881]

Do you regret the decision?

[@maar2001]

@@sarahtseng3881 i think he does lol

[@codefordev911]

Thank you MIT putting such a quality lectures online.

[@abhignyanbora2814]

Dr. Patrick Winston was terrific. I wish if he was my professor.

[@welcomehelloj9164]

41:38 i love how a class attendance was presented in such a way, very innovative hehe

[@mujahidulislam6839]

Thankyou MIT and thankyou Patrick Winston for being such a great Instructor

[@nomadedge]

I love Patrick Winston! Thank you so much for this lecture. I will take it to my English lessons!

[@stevebethhayward858]

This is so awesome! I wonder how many students calculated the odds of: if they could be the student on the dot graph that did not have to attend any classes and still pass the class! I love how Prof. Winston leaves the opportunity for each student make that decision for themselves. (Side note when the best imagination of the AI was to fly..... -from limited possibilities no less, I got a little misty. That was beautiful) 💕 #epic-educator #historic #iconic #storyteller

[@vtrandal]

Professor Winton’s history of AI that starts at about 20:20 focuses rule-based expert systems. He omits the history of neural networks. I believe there is some wisdom in doing that but I don’t quite understand it. He makes a powerful case for what really constitutes intelligence toward the end of this lecture.

[@bitcoinwarrior1]

The thinking about the scenario of the man running with a bucket full of water is a great analogy for how we can think of something without explicit information

[@veronikavarakova3927]

14:38 DID NONE OF Y'ALL WATCH THE MASTERPIECE THAT IS PHINEAS AND FERB

[@acadboost-kalpitveerwal]

I love this comment

[@ojussinghal2501]

YES I DID😭

[@shivanngpuri]

@@acadboost-kalpitveerwal hahaha Kalpit good to see you here!!!

[@siddharthraychaudhuri7250]

Wherever you are Professor Winston, thank you.

[@LestariNs]

It's interesting. I love the demostration part. The professor has good sense of humor

[@neurokid1]

I like your name!

[@theprimordialdude1138]

Thanks for giving this opportunity to learn AI from world's biggest university which is the dream of every student in the world. Many many thanks for it.

[@benaloney]

Its great to finally understand what an aglet is!

[@dehghanym]

Wow! Absoulutely amazing. What a talenetd thinker and professor.

[@kevhan5348]

Thanks Prof. Winston. RIP.

[@MinhLe-ho6fj]

Love you, Winston, R.I.P

[@katateo328]

yeah, I finally got a model of my own thinking which is useful in several aspects. Great lectures.

[@shravankashyap9437]

Rip professor 😔, I am grateful for the amazing lecture as I am watching it today in 2024🙏🙏

[@simmonslucas]

I really like how Prof. Winston was able to weave AI into many different domains.

[@user-tq9do5ss7j]

The grading system is amazing!

[@LouisDuran]

Think about giving these lectures yourself... It is not easy to do this. Believe me, I have been a teacher of mathematics at the Junior High School level. Math is not an easy subject to start with. It's not easy to make interesting to a large group of people. It is not easy to connect mathematics to people's daily lives. However, Prof. Winston makes this look effortlessly easy. He engages his students, he calls them by their names and he makes them laugh and keeps then engaged the whole time. This carries on while they do their homework and take their exams. He has truly inspired the next generation of learner, teacher and masters. RIP good fellow. RIP.

[@mathisawesome618]

Thank you very much for putting these online

[@fanjerry8100]

Wow, lots of powerful ideas in this one.

[@userhandle-l]

I would love to know how a modern AI class is being taught nowadays at MIT. This is a wonderful lecture series, but there has been so much progress in AI in the past 13 years, the class is bound to have been updated.

[@SpeaksYourWord]

check out cs50AI

[@studywithjosh5109]

I’m excited to take this class. This is my first day.

[@user-em9mw9ch3y]

Man, this Professor ROCKS! so humorous

[@QSing999]

OMG Patrick Winston is a brilliant instructor.

[@mayukhdifferent]

Lives of great men all remind us, we can make our lives sublime, and, departing, leave behind us, footprints on the sands of time. R.I.P Professor

[@fardousahmed3883]

Miss you badly, but you & your jokes will remain ever fresh in my memory. Thanks & Good Bye.

[@pllayerdois]

00:00 everywhere in the world there are late students

[@vaguebrownfox]

@Crebs Park For real?

[@GamingBlake2002]

@Crebs Park Cody Garbrandt attended Newberry College and Notre Dame College. This is an MIT lecture.

[@kermitthealmighty8355]

@@GamingBlake2002 r/woooosh

[@MrCmon113]

With hundreds of people in a lecture there is certainly someone, who can just barely make it.

[@harshitmadan6449]

@@vaguebrownfox Don't believe a random comment on the internet

[@kubilay9873]

it seems a good series. i am reading "artificial intelligence a modern approach" and hope this series would help me to grasp subjects in the book.

[@dimitriosmenounos1009]

This lecture was a pleasure to watch.

[@WenYanVlogs]

This course is amazing. Thanks!!!

[@davidechiappetta]

I have a 1957 book by Chomsky "Syntactic Structures" that I reread from time to time (I have years of experience with parsers and compilers) and what he said at 35:22 reminds me of grammars generate context-sensitive languages (type 1) where with "α A β → α γ β" A modifies γ without touching α and β. However, if scientists focused more on language structures than on complex matrix operations, the algorithms of the future would do much more "intelligent" things than AI does today.

[@mohamedakrambennacer4005]

Just got out of last tutorial of the day at 4pm, texhausted and stumbled upon this lecture, It was the best entertainement possible, long live big ideas.

[@nakamoto830]

Hi bro I want to start this AI cource But this playlist is too old almost 10 years So please give me feedback I also heard about the nptel IIT Delhi AI cource playlist started 3years back Please recommend me one iam confused

[@harwinderkarwal]

Excellent lecture Professor

[@lokanathmohanty]

Today I have started to learn ai. The session was little difficult to understand but few examples help a lot to understand. I want to build a chat bot which can think and learn it self and answer all question what people used to ask me at my workplace. This is my target to learn AI.

[@Blueninja3]

Thank you for posting this so very grateful 🙏🏾

[@bryanreisser1421]

His handwriting so satisfying

[@InfinityDz]

This is simply awesome. Thank you MIT and greetings from Algeria. Question though, are the recitations and mega recitations available one KZbin too?

[@seeibe]

Gosh dang, watched half an hour of this and already feel like I've learned more than in a 90 minute lecture at my uni. MIT, why must you be on a different continent? :(

[@10livesimple19]

wow. A professor that actually knows the names of his students :)

[@abhijeet242909090]

Thankx MIT for this gift .

[@kirilchi]

The course is amazing, I feel sad after finishing all the lectures, this was quite a journey. I just wonder if there is a way to download the source code for "magical" demo program the professor used during lectures I have bought the book, but the instructions for source code examples (emailing specific mit.edu email) does not work anymore..

[@DD3874]

Great Teacher!

[@dubeya01]

He is an amazing teacher

[@aaronkonstantine2794]

👍🏻

[@AdventureThroughLife]

The irony of watching this on a laptop n.n

[@danielsarmiento326]

He's a very good teacher, but his breathing is worrying.

[@selton91]

Daniel Sarmiento indeed hahahha

[@klystron2010]

Would you be less worried if he stopped breathing?

[@Originalimoc]

Loooool

[@abdullahrashid5351]

Thats because of all those McChikens he eats

[@duancleypaul1647]

I thought I was the only one worried about this. :s

[@RayllALT]

thank you very much for uploading

[@madhurchauhan1288]

Really nice lecture, very helpful

[@soulextracter]

Can't help but thinking: What if he started the lecture with "have I ever told you about the definition of insanity" x'D

[@saltcheese]

+The horrible story of a man that was forced to connect his youtube account to google+ nice name!

[@thelolladorfking2416]

vas would really be a good Professor. :D

[@technicaldifficultysupport]

That africa comment was tense.

[@billylardner]

So glad I found this!

[@collinching890]

did he memorize everybody's names before class??

[@12PnT12]

Probably only the regulars or best graders from some past course :)

[@ThePavelkomin]

Yes! He (at least claims to) actually remember his student's names each semester! The Rumpelstiltskin Principle! (Source: alum.mit.edu/slice/rumpelstiltskin-principle )

[@entengummitiger1576]

I think he has some compulsion to tinker with any data he gets, and the student list is data

[@tratbagd4500]

@@entengummitiger1576 Nope. He just thinks that he should put the effort to learn the names of all his students. It's one of his policies and is available on his website. May he rest in piece.

[@shapedsilver3689]

I think the Dean of CS at my school does that too. He taught a class of 60 people and by the second week he definitely knew my name, even though I had never spoken to him before and was a pretty average student

[@user-lh2hx5xf4e]

I know nobody cares but I was the person to give this video its 10,000th like.

[@bernardoabreu4910]

Amazing class!

[@cakshacourses1048]

We found this video very usefull so we have added this to our course at caksha....

[@integralyogin]

what an excellent lecture.

[@Youtug]

There we go!

[@tanvirahmed9209]

Can anybody tell me the sequence for the lectures and recitations, i mean what mega recitation video should i watch after what particular lecture? And there doesn't seem to be any normal recitation (not mega) video uploaded.

[@sanieaakhtar146]

Is this lecture still relevant in terms how much time has passed by since it was first delivered and how the technology has changed?

[@hanie1601]

Yes, this is foundation level machine learning.

[@userhandle-l]

Yes! I have learned more modern things as a student, but this class helped me a lot to learn about Early AI systems and algorithms rigorously. They are still relevant today.

[@world_ruler894]

@@userhandle-l bro my syllabus is this, should i go through this lecture series: Introduction: Definitions and Approaches, History of AI, Philosophical Foundations of AI, Turing’s Test, Searle’s Chinese Room, Symbolic and Connectionist AI, Concept of Intelligent Agents. AI Problem Solving: Problem solving as state space search, production system, control strategies and problem characteristics; Search techniques: Breadth First and Depth-first, Hill-climbing, Heuristics, Best-First Search, A* algorithm, Problem reduction and AO* algorithm, Constraints satisfaction, Means Ends Analysis, Game Playing. Knowledge Representation and Reasoning: Predicate and prepositional logic, Resolution, Unification, Deduction and theorem proving, Question answering; Forward versus backward reasoning, Matching, Indexing, Semantic Net, Frames, Conceptual Dependencies and Scripts. Applications: Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Expert System. Suggested Readings: 1. S. Russel, P. Norvig, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, Pearson. 2. E. Rich, K. Knight, Artificial Intelligence, Tata McGraw Hill. 3. N. J. Nilsson, Artificial Intelligence: A New Synthesis, Morgan Kaufmann.

[@ceciliasunny485]

感谢MIT的分享！

[@konberner170]

Great teacher!

[@harmanfarwah9200]

What does marshalling the resources of the perceptual apparatus going down means? @37:13

[@nipunarora3539]

How is this course playlist to be followed as in should we watch the mega recitation at the end of all 23 main videos or do we need to interleave it with the main ones ..?

[@RowbinMading]

Thank you MIT

[@aamirgeelani1814]

nicely done

[@navedahmad1672]

Thank-you MIT

[@StefanProol]

one could always hum the edge of a rim pretty neat advantage .... thanks

[@RoDrop]

This professor is awesome

[@AdityaRaj-yo9tj]

What a great lecture?

[@geogeo14000]

Amazing course thank you. Can anybody explain to me the stuff with the wheel ? I didn't understand anything.

[@lloydacquayethompson6789]

Please can someone explain to me what he meant by "Well so much the better--" at17:39??

[@bishnubarman6457]

Thank you for shareing such a grat class, its seem to me that I amreally present in the class. It is boon to me being a physically handicap boy. Thank you so much. :)

[@nicholasnavarrete8881]

The number of MIT students missing the Macbeth joke is sadly high.

[@evanmastermind]

***** It is a tech school, after all.

[@passcod4]

FichDichInDemArsch of any *English* person. I have read or seen maybe three Shakespeare plays, but I have also read and studied, if a bit sparsely, a vast repertoire of other European writers, musicians, philosophers. There are many people who do not study Shakespeare at school, even in English countries. Indeed, I find the insistence of the English to focus on the life and work of this one playwright, instead of having a broader look, quite limited and sad.

[@passcod4]

[There was a massive and fairly eloquent rant here, but I lost it, perhaps for the better. Basically, my point was that *you* find it sad that a bunch of university students in an AI class missed a joke referencing a single work from a single writer, and yeah, it might be the greatest English dramaturge. *I* am sad that everybody knows of Shakespeare, but not enough know of everything else in English and other literature. I'm pointing out that, having experienced both, English classes in English high school gave me a decent grasp of Shakespeare and two or three WWI poets, and French class in French high school gave me a solid appreciation for *all* the greatest masters of literature, including Shakespeare, Moliere, Swift, Verne, Hugo, Goethe. I'm pointing out that maybe, just maybe, if students were taught an overview of Shakespeare, drilling down onto some of his most influential works, and then taught the *rest* of literature in the same way, giving not too much attention to anyone, then they may have not been bored to tears in high school Shakespeare class and actually managed to remember that one particular thing they need to understand that one particular joke. Oh, and also been given a well-rounded literature and linguistic education, and know, for example, that maybe an even larger influence on the English language and culture than that most-revered man was… the French.] For mourners will be outcast men, and outcasts always mourn.

[@jeffreygong6678]

+Nicholas Navarrete Thane of cawdor

[@iRoxorzUrSoxorz]

No, if you don't know Shakespeare you don't know Shakespeare. Many of them are Asian and could probably give two shits about English literature. If they got into MIT I wouldn't worry too much about their prior education.