18.3 EAS Ortho-Para Directors vs EAS Meta Directors | Organic Chemistry

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12:31 can you explain more specifically why the attack of E+ makes the metha carbon becomes more positive please. thank you a lot

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Instead of nitration can I use Zn/Hg with HCL to remove the ketone?

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[@neat5528]

hey chad, Since you describes the nitrogen of the amide as being electron donating so long as it is the atom directly bonded to the benzene ring, could we use the same logic for the oxygen of an ester? If the oxygen of an ester were directly bonded to the benzene ring, it would be an electron donating group, activating, and therefore an ortho/para director, am I right on this? Thank you

[@asmaahmed316]

which among the following is the most deactivating group aromatic substitution reaction (Please rank the alternatives from strongest to weakest)? A. -NR3 B. -SO3H C. -NO2 D. -CN.

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[@BruceWayne-i2n]

Do electron withdrawing groups destabilize the benzenes in EAS as a result of withdrawing the electron density (and therefore making the conj base of a phenol, for instance, more stable and therefore worse as a nucleophile)? Or is it because the electron withdrawing effects destabilize the carbocation intermediate?

[@ChadsPrep]

Both!!! Very nice reasoning on both parts. Electron withdrawing groups lower the energy of electrons making 😊nucleophiles more stable and less reactive. But the sigma complex, i.e. the carbocation intermediate in EAS reactions, which is already electron-deficient, is destabilized by these electron-withdrawing groups. Essentially, exactly what you said!

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[@luke_MacLaughlin]

Weirdly got this concept delivered before the five EAS types

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Hope you found it helpful Luke! :)

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Amazing job! This makes sense to me know

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[@Czar_Char]

isn't phenol supposed to have 5 resonance structures?

[@max3eey]

Yes, but not all of them are equally as stable. The lower energy ones are preferred for EAS.

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