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Making progress on the repair of the rear brakes on this 1970 Mercedes-Benz 280 SE, this video documents a procedure one can use to recondition the brake calipers. The calipers in this application are made by ATE and are of the fixed, two piston type.
As is often the case in older vehicles (and some not so old), the deterioration and subsequent failure of the outer dust boot sets up a corrosion process on the outer piston bore, causing the piston to eventually seize. Typically, there is enough hydraulic pressure to force the piston out against the rotor during braking, but not enough force to make it retract from the rotor.
So the pad(s) remain held against the rotor, eventually burning them up. This is ultimately what happened to this Mercedes on the driver's side rear caliper, outboard piston. The rotor ended up being cherry red it was so hot, making it possible for the car to catch fire. I was fortunate it did not.
Though this video deals with a 1970 W108 chassis Mercedes, many of the concepts, procedures, and tips can be applied to modern vehicles. Especially those vehicles that use two, four, or six piston fixed calipers. Brake calipers are largely identical in basic design and function across different manufacturers and different years. (3/31/2013)