A Brief History of Stephen of Blois - King Stephen of England

A brief history of King Stephen of England. I am new to youtube and hope you enjoy my content. Cheers!
Time Stamps
0:00 Intro
0:52 Early Life
3:41 A Stroke Of Luck
8:16 Ascension & Early Reign
11:20 Civil War
17:44 Matilda The Tyrant
24:17 An Exhausted Compromise
27:34 The Death Of King Stephen
Attribution
Videos
All videos were collected through royalty free websites and require no attribution. Websites include, Pexels.com, Pixabay.com and Videezy.com
Pictures
All pictures were collected under creative commons license, public domain or from royalty free websites. Any photos not notated below were collected via public domain. If there is an error in this, please contact me and I will adjust accordingly as it has been done unintentionally.
Required Picture Attributions
Robert of Gloucester Horse- Wolfgang Sauber, CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Arundel Castle- The original uploader was 98octane at English Wikipedia., CC BY 2.5 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Lincoln Castle- Brian, CC BY-SA 2.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Eustace- Georgemiller381, CC BY-SA 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Tower of London- Bob Collowan, CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Coin- The Portable Antiquities Scheme/ The Trustees of the British Museum, CC BY-SA 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Anjou & Normandy Map- Eric Gaba (Sting - fr:Sting), CC BY-SA 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Winchester Cathedral- WyrdLight.com, CC BY 3.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Music
Medieval Astrology- Underbelly & Ty Mayer
Calcutta Sunset- E's Jammy Jams
No.8 Requiem- Esther Abrami
Loss- "Loss by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. creativecommons.org/licenses/...
Source: incompetech.com/music/royalty-...
Artist: incompetech.com/"
No.7 Alone With My Thoughts- Esther Abrami
No.2 Remembering Her- Esther Abrami
Dreams Become Real- "Dreams Become Real by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. creativecommons.org/licenses/...
Source: incompetech.com/music/royalty-...
Artist: incompetech.com/"
Stark Goes Dark- The Whole Other
Sources
Stephen The Reign of Anarchy - Carl Watkins
Wikipedia.org
*Disclaimer- It is always the intention that the photos depicted on screen during the video are to be that of the person or event being discussed in the narration. However, in instances where a public photo does not exist or could not be found, a generic likeness or photo depicting a similar style event may be used to illustrate any points being made.

[@prowlprime]

He wasn’t a great king, but he was a good man. At the end, he read the room correctly, recognized the reality of the situation, humbled himself and chose peace. I’d say that’s a fairly wise and compassionate decision.

[@juanzulu1318]

Actually, a lot of his decisions show that he was a great king. But locked in a situation were many had struggled.

[@Whatsthedealsquirter]

Probably a hell of a guy but that portrait makes him slightly google eyed😮​@@juanzulu1318

[@crabsy6452]

Please dont stop doing these histories of the monarchs Ive been looking for something like this for a long time

[@lillianmcgrew217]

You need to be a good strong king 👑 ❤❤

[@PortmanRd]

Some say Stephen died with a broken heart knowing his son would never become King. Great channel by the way.

[@Stitchwitchstitch]

I’ve also heard he died because he choked on some food!

[@wiretamer5710]

Some Game of Thrones inspiration clearly here. This entire messy saga would make a great medieval movie or miniseries.

[@mrp4242]

The Pillars of the Earth, for example

[@mjbull5156]

The bit of Targaryen history referred to as the "The Dance of the Dragons" in "A Song of Ice and Fire" is directly lifted from the real life conflict between Stephen and Matilda.

[@JohnWalker-jz9jj]

He has said his book series is inspired by British , history , myths and legends . There are loads of things to point to all through the series and books including the obvious inspiration he took from the war of the roses , also the red wedding is actually taken from Scottish history the real name of the event was the black dinner . He's a clever guy his books are superb

[@PatrickStarfishman]

These videos so far have been brilliant. Please keep it up.

[@r5u26d3]

The Kings of England after William the Conqueror were French Dukes, or rather Dukes of Normandy with ancestral lands in France. But it is important to note that France was not a unitary state like today. France than was a province like Normandy, Burgundy, etc. The English kings (French Norman Dukes had go to the continent (France ) to keep and defend their lands. The historic rivalry between England and France stems from this. People in England are mostly in denial as to the impact of French culture on English culture. But it is there to see in law, in government, in the military and of course in language.

[@Michael_De_Santa-Unofficial]

Absolutely true.

[@denyseleonard240]

But then the Normand’s were not actually French (Franks) they were Vikings descendants

[@Basilisk4119]

@@Michael_De_Santa-Unofficial It's not wholly true

[@Basilisk4119]

"Of course in language"? Wrong. The Normans had to keep English going so they could communicate with the natives. It was English, French and Latin. What you say is not wholly correct.

[@kweejibodali7009]

excellent insight on this subject, Stephen and Matilda. i have always wanted to understand this a bit better. i have listened to some in depth research talks on the middle ages which have helped me understand that at this time, nobles were called cowards and lacking motivation if they did not fight for their claims.

[@ShallowApple22]

Matilda actually set off for England after hearing of her fathers death however by the time she got to Normandy she realised she was pregnant with her 2/3rd child and decided to wait until after the birth believing that the Barens would stand by their oaths made to her father to support her

[@Justin.Martyr]

*Sod O Mites KeepMurdering My Postings!!! My Anger to this->* *Has Caused this LifeLong DemoCrat to Vote Every RePub. on My* *Next BaLLot, which I wiLL have, in the Next 4-days! Oct.16, 2022.* *Does AnyBody (InTeLLigent OnLy, PLease) use Keto Stiks?*

[@purplepeace2188]

Thank you for this. A clear account of a very complicated period of English history. Thank you.

[@alexmarincasbucy4050]

I love your videos! I especially like how you included written names! Thank you!

[@crabsy6452]

This video will always hold a special place in my heart, it was in my recommended and how I found your channel

[@HistoryJunkie]

Love this channel❤️ looking forward to seeing it blow up! Great intros and branding.

[@susanjackett9268]

Agree, I'm trying to sort them all into a tree ,it's complicated.

[@telemachus53]

What a killing the media would've made of it all. Can you imagine having the same headline all the time and just changing the names. "Matilda deposes Stephen..." (or vice versa)

[@Stitchwitchstitch]

the local messengers must have been getting serious tips with all the news! Well, if it was good news to the recipient…

[@Ereldor]

'Stephen of Blah' - yep that pretty much sums him up! On a more serious note - thanks so much for this series. I'm really enjoying learning more about the old royalty of England.

[@joeldelgado1376]

One of my favorite historical stories.

[@MikeJuppProductions]

Superb! Not only well researched and written...but not even most of my fellow countrymen know how to correctly pronounce, 'Shrewsbury' as indeed you do! I live between 'Bosham' and 'Arundel'..There's a treasure-trove of historical skulduggery from around these parts should you need more!!

[@WelshRabbit]

I'm an American, but I've always pronounced Shrewsbury something like "SHROWS-bre." For Arundel (as in Anne Arundel County in Maryland), folks over here on the west side of the pond insist it's pronounced like "uh-RUN-dle." I call it "aron-DEL," which is a lot closer to how Lady Anne Arundell, would have pronounced it; alas, I get howls of laughter when I do.

[@Nathanjames-qg3iq]

“We’ll research” bro he’s literally just reading the Wikipedia article

[@jonathanstempleton7864]

I understand it depends which side of the river you're on

[@mattslater167]

As a lifelong dungeon master, all I can say is that Stephen acted like a player character!

[@jacquesrenou2850]

Renolf was an ancestor of mine and dad's family hails from the Anjour region.Found this video very interesting,thanks.

[@Asplera]

Thank you for this detailed vdo. This brings light to the history around King Stephen who is often casted in a darker shade. A man is partially the product of his circumstance nevertheless.

[@LouAlvis]

very nice! thank you sir, I shall watch more of your productions

[@melissawiekharvey5037]

Love your documentaries.

[@MsLogjam]

I'd love to know the story behind that hat Eustace is wearing in his portrait. It looks like prunes, plums, and walnuts on a bundle of kale.

[@Celtopia]

I love the subtle use of the name "Eustace" as "useless" in your narrative,...brilliant and apt.

[@sarah3796]

Fascinating. The ship sinking is pretty wild

[@WizzardJC]

Some of the pronunciations are terrible but that doesn't matter, the video is brilliant, this is the first I have ever seen of yours and I am glad I have watched it 👍 ☺

[@redlioness6627]

At least it ain't James Buikman of Kings and Generals and Kosmo channels.

[@keyboarddancers7751]

Yes they are amusing pronunciations at times but I think it adds to the charm but you're right, in no way does it detract from the overall excellence of the series. I really enjoy the fact that an American has taken so much time to produce such a detailed series on English/British monarchical history.

[@jeffhall7539]

Amazing work, thanks

[@Andy_Babb]

Great video. I’m stunned this channel only has 19k subs

[@stepthroughhistory]

Interesting video thank you 😁 Stephen wanted to build a castle in my neck of the woods but was scared off by an angry Saint-ghost. Shame really, it's beautiful, but wouldn't everywhere be better with a castle 😃

[@eilisnugent]

Would love to hear more about this

[@RowanWarren78]

This channel, and another called "Her Remarkable History", are the best channels for history videos. So many important details are discussed in a concise but thorough process. Please keep it up! 😊

[@KatjamiErosEa]

Mark Holinshed's History. kzbin.info/aero/PLZE8HyxsbRwb45Mg_MaZZbEggKKZIl8l-

[@RowanWarren78]

@Metal Rulez III Rad! I'll check it out.

[@RowanWarren78]

@@KatjamiErosEa cool!

[@lauriemarie6902]

You know it for sure honey. Philadelphia USA

[@fatnsassy99]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/q2PIiWuqqK9-mtE

[@stevedunn5546]

Excellent. Thank you.

[@gingerkid1048]

Late to the party but would love your take on Matilda. The White Ship disaster made sure to bring ill upon every one in England. It rippled badly through the Anarchy. So many things in history changed because of it. What if Stephen was aboard with his cousins? What if the nobles weren’t incredibly sexist and kept their oaths to Matilda?

[@WelshRabbit]

GK, true. Matilda could possibly have pulled it off and sent Stephen packing back to Blois (or to Hell) if she had not had such a severe personality and charm deficit. She had an almost unnatural talent for alienating even her supporters.

[@leilaniford3574]

Cheers. Thank you for this.

[@maiwanda]

Brilliant.

[@sosecvsosecv7047]

Great story and Stephen's lineage still lives on today in England and in the United States I am a son of stephen And the sons of Stephen have gone on to do great things like be a great leader in the Revolutionary War in Washington's army Probably fighting some of their cousins That came across the pond

[@coyotemojo]

Anyone know which castle that is @11:50?

[@patriciafenwick5846]

Great video. Funny how power and make or break you. It probably broke Stephen because he did not know how to wield it, leaving many barons to make their own power.

[@heatherfeather1293]

This was very well done. If anyone wants to read a good book about this time, there is Sharon Kay Penman's "When Christ and His Saints Slept."

[@wynstonsmith7194]

Ken Follett's book "The Pillars of the Earth" is very entertaining historical fiction about this era.

[@kelvinkersey5058]

more fiction than history alas. And poor writing

[@wynstonsmith7194]

@@kelvinkersey5058 Historical fiction is just that. Fiction. Not meant to replace a history book. It is written just fine, though some of the characters are a bit "stock". I bet you're a real hoot at parties.

[@peterpaldor5866]

@@wynstonsmith7194 "Historical fiction is just that. Fiction." True, but it can be a where an interest for something or someone starts. For my part my interest for Stephen of Blois began many years ago with Ellis Peters' romantic stories about the monk Cadfael. And that was most certainly fiction.

[@maureendevries1904]

I'll visit my local library in order to read this history in detail.

[@andrewdowney1654]

Maybe someone could fix the cover picture of Stephen by uncrossing his eyes?!!

[@lauriemarie6902]

Oh Mr. Downey he is a victim of strabismus. LMFAO. Philadelphia USA

[@--enyo--]

Could we get a video on Empress Matilda?

[@wilsontheconqueror8101]

Whats fascinating about Stephen is that he gave up his sons succession rights to be King! Stephen was a grandson of William the Conqueror and had a coronation. His sons had just as much right as Henry 2. Great job!

[@michaelsmyth3935]

The other option was continual war and most likely the annihilation of his remaining bloodline so......

[@displacerkatsidhe]

Since he stole the throne from the rightful heir by the first place, Henry II had more of a claim than his cousins. Regardless, Stephen's sons were just as exhausted as he was by the end of 20 years of war.

[@freyasslain2203]

Why shouldn't he give up his kids rights . He had no right to be king in the first place . Stephen was a thief . He stole Matilda's throne . And besides he knew ( considering the weakened state England was in ) , Henry of Anjou , son of Matilda , would have kicked Stephen ass all over the battlefield. If you noticed , I call Stephen , Stephen , and not King Stephen . For I never recognized him as a legitimate king.

[@stephenappleyard5467]

@@freyasslain2203 you will have to then add Henry Iv, richard iii, henry tudor to the list too

[@freyasslain2203]

@@stephenappleyard5467 yep . Usurpation is Usurpation.

[@yousaywhatnow2195]

So did Stephen’s line end up reintegrating into the royal family to present day, or did it pass out of that circulation? I’m genuinely curious.

[@KingOfTheCapybaras]

Reintegrated

[@lexiburrows8127]

@@KingOfTheCapybaras No. His first son died and his second renounced any claim. Of course, that does not preclude any marriage of more obscure relatives down the line having any input, but that is just natural with anyone.

[@realmoftheouroboros8313]

While his sons where worthless his daughter Marie line became part of the Dutchy of Brabant and the County of Holland for a while. the Brabant line daughters married in the France royal family One became the second wife of King Edward I of England while another a wife of King Henry IV of England So yes a tin drop of blood from Stephen remains.

[@roywall8169]

Whoever did that portrait was not long for the world. 😂

[@fatnsassy99]

🤭

[@HistoryJunkie]

🤣

[@Stitchwitchstitch]

It’d be the perfect jab, for a pissed-off court artist. “Oh, you won’t buy more lapis for me, sire? Well, now you’re cross-eyed for eternity, jerk.”

[@tombaugh7638]

I'm about to watch my first video from this channel, as well as fall in love

[@chadoakley8505]

What is the castle at 9:53?

[@stevendavies417]

Rock of Cashel

[@jamellfoster6029]

Robert was dashing & handsome...

[@Stitchwitchstitch]

Ha, what if: Stephen took everyone out partying while cronies pulled out a bung or left open a hatch and organized/overloaded the ship with rocks for “ballast”, or perhaps stowing things to make the ship low/ heavy/uneven in the water, knowing it would soon be lower and heavier from the weight of 300+/- sated and wasted people (who wouldn’t notice anything) plus last-minute goods loading - therefore it would take on water OR be too heavy to miss submerged hazards. And then Stevie faked a tummyache, skeddadled off and lived! Neatly taking out some rivals and their supporters, cleaning the board of key players. And whoever survived couldn’t pin it on Stephen as the evidence had sunk!

[@romanticlady8157]

He was simply too nice for his own good. A firm hand was needed to govern ambitious nobles and he simply did not have it. When Christ and His Saints Slept by Sharon Kay Penman is a great novel about this period. Also poor Eustace. He grew up thinking that was his crown only to be betrayed by his own father. That must have stung.

[@kentjensen4939]

True leaders don't seek power, they let it find them and wield it wisely.

[@kaloarepo288]

The empress Mathilda was the first queen regnant in English history the second one was Mary Tudor and the third was Elizabeth the First.

[@AlexS-oj8qf]

Elizabet is also a Tudor lol

[@tomg7913]

Matilda never reigned so Mary Tudor was first

[@aliciab.6849]

@Moonraker a tragic character

[@acb9896]

I'm an American du Blois. Anglicized in early 1800s in England to Bloy.

[@08andylee]

When Henry I died his Daughter Empress Matilda stayed put in Normandy because she was pregnant with her youngest son William and dared not risk a crossing of the Channel to England in her condition.

[@bloyboy33]

Alfredo Bloy here, a relative traced us back to Stephen de Blois, unfortunately the worst king ever ruined any possible bragging rights 😩

[@acb9896]

Agreed. When did your relative leave Blois? Mine were there upto the late 1700's then moved to England.

[@lilymarinovic1644]

King John, James II and Edward VIII have entered the chat.

[@johnbrereton5229]

'Robert of Gloucester quickly withdrew himself, because the clergy would not crown a bastard' Hmm, well they didn't have a problem crowing William the Bastard, who after his Coronation became William the Conqueror.

[@kaloarepo288]

Matilda probably would have made a good queen as she had had practical experience on ruling a country when she ruled Italy on behalf of the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V while he had to go north to sort out troubles in Germany-this was part of their Italian expedition when they traveled to Rome to be crowned by the pope.

[@redlioness6627]

Oh thank goodness it ain't another James Buikman narrated video!

[@PortmanRd]

Close to 20 years of warfare before it was finally settled. Only to be beaten by the War of the Roses which lasted for over 30.

[@danblois2622]

My great great great great great great great great great great grandfather!

[@ferencrupeck845]

Never knew he was cross eyed!

[@laara1426]

He left the ship to use the lavatory aka toilet . Hmm ya might want to rework that bit of misinformation information.

[@BobJohnson648]

Was Steven really cross-eyed?

[@colinoverton790]

Neither monarch on "offer" was that good. Even in victory Maude couldn't persuade the nobles to crown her queen.

[@Curly4000]

Recently I’ve thought to myself what was life like around the years of 1000-1400 because I never hear about those years

[@redlioness6627]

Which country are you from?

[@Curly4000]

@@redlioness6627 I’m from Canada. History class went back to like the 1500’s

[@redlioness6627]

@@Curly4000 Wow, thanks for the reply, our schools here in the UK went way back to prehistoric times as infants to juniors through to Saxon times. In high school we learned from Roman times through to the modern day. I'm now 53 so that was a long time ago now for me, some 48 to 38 years ago, I have no idea what they teach these days, or even if they teach the same history or a bastardised alternative history for snowflakes.

[@Curly4000]

@@redlioness6627 I never had that during school. I wish I had that because I love history

[@maricarteodoro5907]

I think this is the basis GRRM's dance of the dragons.

[@jimnicoll6459]

King Stephen of blois. He had wonky eyois.

[@steveandcynthiawright933]

I love the fact that Stephen forever wears a skirt in The minster of York. He stole the crown from a woman

[@redlioness6627]

Men wore skirts back then, women didn't, women wore dresses not skirts, men also wore tights then too, it seems women stole skirts and tights from men!

[@darthazgorath9570]

Everything that Henery feared that Steven would do, his own daughter did to his beloved kingdom. Had he only known, had the white ship never fallen beneath the waves of the channel, how different would english history have been?

[@Chris_Quintrell]

21:05 ( just put this here as a book mark)

[@yvonnefuellemann9262]

I’m surprised that King Stephen’s portrait would have him with a lazy eye. Am I the only who noticed?

[@alecblunden8615]

"Coronated"? You are "crowned" at a coronation.

[@kaloarepo288]

William Shatner used the word "coronated" several times recently when talking about the Stone of Scone in Westminster Abbey and I cringed each time -it should be "crowned."

[@kelvinkersey5058]

'coronated'???? does that mean 'crowned'?

[@melvynblunt]

A very good video. However, I do wish Americans would give up this word “coronated” . In English the word is “crowned”.

[@deekane9432]

Bluh-WAA

[@laurac8659]

Was Stephen cross eyed?

[@bastadimasta]

The Fat? He probably had 20% body fat.

[@paulatradies1942]

Stephen the cross eyed king.

[@HistoryJunkie]

😂

[@connarcomstock161]

STEVE!

[@Lightstar449]

Needing to spray saved King Stephens life lol

[@ragdog1257]

Stephen is alive 💯👺

[@William-Marshall]

See what partying comes to? Hasn’t changed has it?

[@araniparani1415]

Is Stephen evil or good

[@wallyjansen898]

Hé was ruled by the Beaumont brothers and other powerhungry barons. Too weak to make and hold to decisions, hè wanted everybody to like him and was too naïeve to see that hé was manipulated

[@lauriemarie6902]

Exactly... Philadelphia USA

[@jimkennedy7050]

Second generation Normans.

[@kevin-jg5nq]

Is “coronated” a word? Perhaps the correct word would be “crowned.”

[@BriefHistoryOfficial]

This is a legitimate point. I have found conflicting information on this, but to your point, if "coronated" is considered a word today, it was surely formed based on mass incorrect derivative usage of the word coronation. Crowned should be used moving forward to eliminate any confusion. Cheers

[@alancoe1002]

Put it in the bin with "conversate" and "hella".

[@blakeluccason9971]

@@BriefHistoryOfficial is it just a word from sloppy cursive hahaha

[@AnnetteChristiaens]

subtitles...mmm it is BLOIS not Blah, BOULOGNE not Bologna.

[@juanzulu1318]

What was the fate of Stephen's continental lands, especially the county of Blois, during this time?

[@heathergarnham9555]

Then king Stephen, it's true. Check it.

[@beth7935]

Hi! Henry 2, killed Thomas Beckett.

[@malthus101]

Matilde vs Matilde? Talk about confusing!

[@Maxibon2007]

King of England but not an English King!

[@kelvinkersey5058]

there has never been an English king of England since Harold lost in 1066. They have been Norman French (Vikings), Tudors were Welsh, Stuarts were Scots< William 3 was Dutch. The present lot are Germans. Oliver Cromwell was English, when we had a republic

[@acidmack1041]

@@kelvinkersey5058 I don't agree with that at all. If they were born in England they are English monarchs. If their parents were born overseas then they are half and half but as such as for example Edward VI, Mary I, Elizabeth I, Edward VI, George V, George VI, Elizabeth II are all English born and bred. Foreign great ancestors don't make a difference to that

[@mjbull5156]

@@acidmack1041 Stephen's name "of Blois" indicates that he was not born in England. Of the Patronomy of William the Conqueror, the Duchy of Normandy was the more important part over the Kingdom of England at the time.

[@JohnWalker-jz9jj]

​​@@acidmack1041 just a question I'm curious what you say . If two African elephants male and female are moved to Scotland where they have a baby elephant does that make that elephant Scottish ? Keep in mind Scotland has never had elephants roaming around the glens😂

[@grahamthompson2594]

What a bunch of psychopaths.

[@aarondemiri486]

a good man, but a bad king who could have prevented much anguish if he acted differently.

[@Vkdennis87]

Why am I watching Henry again?

[@kimmccabe1422]

WHERE IS QUEEN MATHILDE'S ROLE. SHE IS MISSING AND I'M AFRAID ITS, THEREFORE, AN INACCURANT ACCOUNT OF EARLY KINGS N QUEENS FOLLOWING WILLIAM OF NORMANS INVASION. SO SKIP IT.

[@BriefHistoryOfficial]

Hello. Thanks for the comment. Did you watch the entire video? If you are referring to Stephen's wife, queen Matilda of Boulogne, she is mentioned multiple times in the video. The marriage is referenced at 4:30, her role in the Route of Winchester is referenced at 20:00 and her death and the impact it had on Stephen is mentioned at 25:56. Cheers.

[@TheMorgalion]

Stephen of Blahhh not Blois, it”s blahhh blahhh blahaahahahahhaha sorry my bad :)

[@quantjonna293]

Blwa. Not Blahhh.

[@daedubois9428]

SIGH! Matilda’s claim to the throne was equal to or better than Stephan’s Plus SHE was an Empress!!! Frigging Male Primogeniture led to years and year of war and hardship .SIGH.

[@PlanetWar]

A king is killed by stray arrow - just imagine you being the guy who let that arrow go - omg 🤢🤮🥵🥶🥴😫😫😫.

[@johnsymons8246]

Arundel seems to cause Americans problems.

[@Justin.Martyr]

*Sod O Mites KeepMurdering My Postings!!! My Anger to this->* *Has Caused this LifeLong DemoCrat to Vote Every RePub. on My* *Next BaLLot, which I wiLL have, in the Next 4-days! Oct.16, 2022.* *Does AnyBody (InTeLLigent OnLy, PLease) use Keto Stiks?*

[@anypercentdeathless]

Please, please, learn a bit of French. (It's the least you could do if you're going to teach about them.) Or-it just occurred to me-you could just do it all with the American English pronunciation you used for Adelin.

[@BriefHistoryOfficial]

En fait, j'apprends le francais maintenant. Je sais que mon francais est tres mauvais, mais c'est tres difficile. J'utilise Duolingo et j'apprends sur le web. Tu parles le francais aussi?

[@ballsack6547]

Bonjurno

[@MartinSage]

His body had become bloated so when they pushed it into the coffin he let out a huge fart that stunk the church for days.