ABA Therapy: Reinforcement, Punishment, and Maladaptives

[@roxanariesgo6585]

I JUST TOOK MY EXAM for the first time AND PASSED!! I never write reviews or comments but as soon as I finished the test I remembered about you and your videos that I had to thank you, Let me tell you that you madeeee my journey with ABA wayyy easier! I feel so grateful and blessed that I found your videos and I watched the whole serie of videos twice plus your study guide was on point! You covered all the questions on my test, I can’t thank you enough!!! God bless you! Guys keep watching the videos you will get to the point that you will memorize all his examples on the test! Beautiful way to explain everything that makes you understand every concept! Passed the test because of you! Thank you

[@borninussr7242]

Stimming (hand flapping) serves a purpose, which is self regulation. Blocking it will result in maladaptive behaviors. So you are causing the problems that you are 'fixing'.

[@IcanSeeMyselfOutThanks]

Every operant behavior serves a purpose, comrade

[@borninussr7242]

@@IcanSeeMyselfOutThanks You don't say. Way to miss my point entirely.

[@IcanSeeMyselfOutThanks]

@@borninussr7242 I got you. But I think you missed the point that a good behavior analyst will not attempt to reduce hand flapping or any self-stimulatory behavior as long as it is not a risk to the individual's health, others in the environment, the individual's learning, or the physical environment. It's unethical to do so. Now, if the rate of hand flapping was so high that the individual does not attend to the teacher in a classroom setting, then it should be addressed. Something simple like discrimination training - allowing the behavior to occur in other situations but not during class time, NCR and the such.

[@borninussr7242]

@@IcanSeeMyselfOutThanks Self-stimulatory behavior helps concentrate. Stimming (hand-flapping) can be aiding the individual in paying attention to the teacher. Every piece of literature on ABA that I have read, uses hand-flapping (or any other stimming behaviors, such as rocking, spinning, or tapping) as an example of socially unacceptable behavior and almost always attempts to remove it, without any regard of its function to the individual. BCAB has made it ethical to modify behavior as long as it is deemed to not be socially acceptable, which is very vague and gives quiet large wiggle room for behavior analyst to remain within ethical bounds and yet cause substantial harm to an individual.

[@IcanSeeMyselfOutThanks]

@@borninussr7242 Oh. I have actually read the exact opposite. If you would like, I can send you a few peer-reviewed articles on reducing self-stim behaviors which are detrimental to the individual's learning. I've also seen it first hand in schools. There's a time and place, I have absolutely no issues with self-stimulatory hand flapping. But I was called to this observation because the kid was flapping his hands in front of his face the entire time, and if the teacher called on him, he either wouldn't respond or couldn't answer the question. In this case, hand-flapping is prohibiting the student from learning. Just gotta teach the time and place to do it

[@nazneennchoudhury208]

Thank you so much all of your videos. Whatever you said exactly we do in our school. I am Paterson public school teacher. You are fantastic because your lectures are very practical. God bless you.

[@hubnermatos351]

Great video! I just started working as an RBT in a school and you have no idea how much I will implement the knowledge from your video to my everyday sessions!! Appreciate your hard work l!

[@beatingtype1]

How about you consider the fact that flapping hands is a way of expression it’s body language it can be happiness or distress it can also help us feel better. I am 26 I have level one autism and I still flap and will flap and no one will stop me.

[@IcanSeeMyselfOutThanks]

yup. But what about the kids who flap at such a high rate that they do not attend to the teacher in class? What about when flapping their hand is exhibited at such high rates that they cannot interact socially with their peers? How is that helping the kid become independent and live an enriched life?

[@IcanSeeMyselfOutThanks]

@@lrsb1678 ....... when the individual flaps their hands at such a high rate they attend only to the hand flapping and nothing else around them? When they only attend to hand flapping and won't pay attention to school or other things?

[@IcanSeeMyselfOutThanks]

@@lrsb1678 lol. No. Just... no. There's nothing stressful about ABA, it's all about the practitioner. And I think it's unfair for you to assume stimming does not distract any autistic kids in the world. I'm sure you don't know every single case. Furthermore, scratching an itch is maintained by negative reinforcement. Stimming is automatically reinforced. People who scratch can do so for the moment and still pay attention until the itch is gone. I've seen autistic kids spend all day watching their hand flap. Not the same thing

[@wickjezek1101]

@@IcanSeeMyselfOutThanks How do you know ABA isn't stressful? It is to many people, because they say so. You're all over the place pushing ABA and denying the lived experiences of autistic people. I assume you make your living through ABA.

[@kyladyer2855]

@@wickjezek1101 You make a good point, there is an endless amount of stressors in the world, especially for individuals on the spectrum. However, being uncomfortable and dealing with stressful situations is apart of everyones lives at one point or another, especially when it comes to adaption and learning, and though we would like for those of us with special needs to have very little stress, it cannot always be avoided. The great thing about aba,(ethical aba practice anyway), is that the stress is usually short-lived and typically occurs the most in the beggining stages of treatment. Overtime with frequent adjustments to fit the learner, the function of learned behaviors and concepts become easier for the client to grasp, and treatment becomes less aversive. Please understad, the goal of ABA should always be teaching functional skills and communication to better serve the client, as opposed to engaging in maladative behavior to get the things they need and desire, and in turn starting them on a journey to independence. ABA practice continues to develop and change for the better, so for anyone here who has had a bad experience in the past, I am in no way trying to invalidate your lived-experiences, but you need to understand that not everyone is going to have the same experience as you, and that ABA can actually be positive for a great deal of individuals. I am very sorry for anyone who has practiced/experienced treatment that has had an overall negative impact on your well-being. Please be well.

[@ukurikiakas]

Very informative! Just watched it to brush up on my knowledge before my interview for a Behavior Therapist positon :)

[@martamueller4423]

There are types of autism where a child is extremely anxious and falls to the floor because something triggered fear in them. They're not in their logical brain. They're in fight or flight mode. They can't get up or stop screaming. I have epilepsy and I'd call it an "emotional seizure". The child needs you to be with her to calm down, not ignore her.

[@redjuice02]

Anyone interested in why reinforcement works: reinforcers cause an increase in dopamine, which is a reward chemical the brain releases to reinforce our own behavior. this is why you need to do the reward as close as possible to the behavior, you want the brain to associate the behavior to the reward to the dopamine, and after awhile, the brain will simply associate the behavior with dopamine and the person will start choosing to do the behavior. It is at this point that the reward is no longer needed - the brain releases dopamine on its own for the behavior (this is the point where you don't have to give a treat to your pet every time and they'll still do the behavior you ask of them). At this point you have successfully created what is called a "reward pathway." Dopamine is very powerful. It is the cause of addictions, as the brain releases dopamine in response to alcohol and drugs and it's the dopamine we get addicted to. Powerful neurotransmitter.

[@HappyHoney41]

That's why I take Wellbutrin. It helps by adding just a bit of dopamine reuptake inhibitor, to increase free dopamine.

[@julianaragan7955]

Never stop harmless stims like foot-tapping or hand-flapping. Stopping stims physically causes us pain.

[@johnries5593]

I can easily see how this could be abused. I never received ABA and am still not diagnosed as autistic (but have good reasons to believe I am), but I have seen plenty of complaints from autistic adults who did receive ABA. So the question arises: how much have you consulted with autistic adults, especially ABA alumni, in the production of these videos?

[@martamueller4423]

Right he's never had autism himself. Or a psychology background. I would let him near my child.

[@Jia938]

This was so helpful!! My Son has Asd and is no longer in aba. So I was researching so much for this exact type of video. I'm so glad i came across this . This is great!

[@Carolina-jb9lz]

Quick question do you know how they treated your son in his aba therapy?

[@lilycoral4015]

I love the way you explain ... I am preparing to take the RBT exam ...

[@piecesofme8531]

Wow, finally understand "negative reinforcement" (lol)

[@jenny-DD]

This guy is awesome 👌

[@NikkiJayArtistry]

Same

[@georgesumner8190]

All you do is teach a child to not trust themselves and that they shouldn’t be themselves in order to make them behave how you want them to. They don’t eat certain foods because it is a sensory overload for them. This means they feel very uncomfortable when they are forced to do so and have no where to go, they feel trapped. All of this is to make the parents life easier, which is disgusting as this is at the expensive of the child’s mental health. They will have a perfectly happy way of life without any of this. In fact more so. Ignorance is bliss. You might as well not bother having children as they will only hate themselves in the future because of this.

[@anjanathapa4704]

you are amazing teacher

[@kennethkingdon-korab2174]

Could you do a video on the first days of a RBT? I saw another video but it wasn't accurate.

[@mangorita4295]

you're really good at explaining! :)

[@sanja2701]

Awesome teacher...

[@nasheliana8641]

Hi. Great videos. Hope you can share more videos about exercises that could help kids to speak. Thank you.

[@roxyguerra7244]

Great explanation very clear, I like your examples easy to understand

[@denisemckinley3348]

I was having a really difficult time distinguishing between negative and positive reinforcement/punishment. Thank you for making it easier to understand.

[@hectorromero6455]

Great way to explain reinforcement and others behaviors!!! You made this very easy 👍

[@jamalhotmama]

This is so helpful, thank you so much for the tips.

[@My3.Boys.]

Great videos! Can you please make more?

[@mariagarcia-vt6ls]

This is a great help.Thank you so much.God bless you🙏🙏

[@wiszinthekitch]

Thank you. Great descriptors and it clarifies those concepts.

[@amomssteps7627]

I truely enjoyed this one I have watched others of yours but this one the relm the calmness while you break things up Amazing !!!

[@AnselmLeo]

I just join the team. A lot more to learn and practice..

[@hinazahid4753]

Hi it's a great video.im teaching my 2.5 yrs old child to point at a thing he wants.but often when I keep the thing he wants out of reach and ask him to point at it so he could get it.he would just ignore me and walk away rather then pointing at desired thing.can u plz suggest something about this??

[@evelynsierra2004]

Give toys, not food: in most cases. Do not believe in let the child to cry for a long time. Good information thanks

[@stephaniecrump9547]

This is really helping me out a great deal - your videos are really clear and uncomplicated - keep posting please

[@candicebaker2663]

Thank you

[@dianascimecca2960]

it is an excellent information how to reinfort a positive and negative behavior to children with tantrum's behaviors.

[@choomccarthy5051]

Very clear explanation. Thanks!

[@carrieprinz9538]

Do you have a printed study guide with the questions?

[@anjanathapa4704]

i start to follow you ..you are a great teacher

[@christineboutin4971]

Thank you! This was very helpful! I just started ABA work this week!

[@striker1853]

Please consider these resources from Actually Autistic people. ABA does not always help people, it can in fact cause a LOT of harm and most ABA therapists are not aware of this; they look at the outcome of the person's actions, not the outcome of the child's well being. In this survey, "Respondents of all ages who were exposed to ABA were 86 percent more likely to meet the PTSD criteria than respondents who were not exposed to ABA." www.researchgate.net/publication/322239353_Evidence_of_increased_PTSD_symptoms_in_autistics_exposed_to_applied_behavior_analysis ABA teaches kids to conform, with less or no focus on coping skills. Autistic people can have sensory overload pain that is worse than broken bones, and ABA teaches Autistic people to not listen to their needs or even react to them, but instead to complete tasks for rewards. autisticscienceperson.com/2021/03/29/autistic-sensory-pain-and-the-medical-consequences/ Also: High/Low functioning labels are not great to use. Here's more info and alternatives. autism-advocacy.fandom.com/wiki/Functioning_Labels There's a lot of information on this, by Actually Autistic Adults. To know the outcome of Autistic children, talk to Autistic Adults. This is a great resource that outlines the harm caused: autisticscienceperson.com/why-aba-therapy-is-harmful-to-autistic-people/ And here are alternatives to ABA as recommended by an Actually Autistic person: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mpvFZXpsn8ifj8U

[@AppliedBehaviorAnalysisABAMade]

Thank you for the content!

[@AppliedBehaviorAnalysisABAMade]

Thank you for the content

[@anitakli920]

I really love your videos! Could you please make one on instructional control.

[@debrasandler6265]

Thank you for teaching. You are awesome!

[@adriannamachado514]

This was awesome thanks so much I wish I had a CM or BCBA like you!!!

[@KW-il7ti]

Hi Mauricio! These videos are fantastic and a great help for someone like me who just started this as a new profession. My question to you is I have this aggressive youth who gets along fine with myself but when his sister tries to play with him he gets violent and yesterday threw something at his sister. I instinctively said "no, do not throw things at your sister" but my supervisor said i needed to ignore that behavior. I disagreed because that was a critical scenario and behavior like that needs to be highlighted. I know i was wrong, but how can i reduce violent behavior without "encouraging it by bringing attention to it?" Thank you in advance

[@ABAmadeeasy]

+Kyle Whitmore You can do a number of things. I would start with antecedent manipulation where you prevent the behavior from occurring to begin with. So remove any items that the child could throw when the sister is around. I know this might not always be possible but when starting out this is the best approach. You also want to remember to reinforce and praise if you every see the child playing nicely with his sister. It is easy to remember to correct someone when they are doing wrong but you really want to make sure you give them attention when they are doing things right! So approximately every ten minutes or so, say "great job playing with your sister" to reinforce that behavior. And finally, the best way to deal with this scenario is to not give attention, but that does not mean to let the child hurt his sister. What you want to do is block that behavior by taking the item away from his hands if he attempts to throw it. Do not make eye contact and keep a calm voice as you prompt the correct response, "you play with the toys on the floor", this is much better because you are teaching the correct alternate behavior. Let me know how it goes!

[@lanagrodzitsky1075]

+Mauricio Borda (ABA Made Easy) I have a question regarding my boys, age 5 1/2 and 2.9, both have ASD. My older one tends to hit my younger son every time my younger son goes near him. My younger son despite being hit continues to go near him and tends to laugh when my older one clearly does not want to be bothered. Other times my older son will just come up to him and try to smack him in the face for no reason and thinks its funny when he cries. How do I stop him from hitting his little brother and how do I teach my younger son to back off when someone does not want them to come near him? Any tips would be appreciated. Thank you!

[@reedtami40]

Thank you and I would give attention to his sister (are you ok) and ignore him. If attention is the cause.

[@reedtami40]

Could you make one on Premack Principle? Thanks

[@pavlovsdawg6366]

Kyle, thanks for sharing. Hope you got your answer, it's been 2 years...however, I think everyone has been quick to jump to a solution without determining the real problem first. Always determine the function of the behavior first. Is the aggression towards his sister socially reinforced? If so, then differentially reinforce the behavior by putting aggression towards sister on extinction, or not allowing the behavior to contact social reinforcement, and then provide high quality social attention for appropriate social attention seeking skills that could be taught. However, if the function is escape, for example, then addressing the behavior in the previously stated way would NOT be effective because the behavior is maintained by escaping an aversive situation....the aggressive behaviors will continue to occur. Find the function of the behavior, then introduce appropriate intervention.

[@MA-sn5tl]

Wow!! you really made this super fun and easy!! Thanks soo much!!

[@ornag5046]

I suppose it’s important to have fun while abusing children 🤦🏻‍♀️

[@pamelarojas8598]

thank you so much for sharing. we really appreciate it from Oz

[@denisegutierrez5963]

ugh thanks king! This helped me soooo much!!

[@Chris_winthers]

This is how you train a fucking dog

[@snigdhamohanty7178]

Very informative. My son has a habit of running from the store . How to control that in a positive way

[@HappyHoney41]

The store may be too bright, noisy, stimulating. Try headphones and some shades.

[@maryannsarapanan638]

Wow, thank you so much this really helps... god bless..❤

[@a.m.6844]

Awesome video, thank you so much for share it.

[@pronounceword]

I like your video very much. It's really great. I'll keep an eye on your channel. I am your fan and I will support you.

[@josephinehills6802]

Thank you .you are soo good .

[@rosas6230]

If a child with aggressive and an abusive behaviors decide not to follow directions , decide to physically and emotionally hurt you , they will do . Some times no matter what you do , they abuse and take advantage of you purposefully . It is simple . It is similar to any life situation , some people just don’t like to get advice or guidance from some other individuals. some people simply like to be flexible and comply in their relation to some individuals and not to some others ! Psychology say: you don’t have to put yourself in a situation where you are hurt. So why even choosing ABA job and put yourself in that hurtful situation?!

[@yvonnemuki1367]

You are an awesome teacher..

[@alexiscannata9704]

Love this, but hate calling stimming a maladaptive behavior

[@naniyadi8584]

Thanks..that was really helpful ❤❤

[@darseystraub4247]

Thank you!!

[@MKS1286]

my son is 10 year old non verbal autistic , he bites his hand with shouting frequently due to self stimulation, how can stop it?

[@peaceandquiet924]

Block his hand from reaching his mouth or have him wear gloves to mask the biting sensation

[@well2006]

Hi, I got a question, so I have learner that engage in escaping and aggression when I prompt him to work on his writing. Do you have any tips ? thank you

[@BelleKudo]

Leave him alone. He obviously hates writing. I don’t know how the child could communicate more clearly. You must know, that autistics are trying to communicate, you are just not listening. Your way of thinking, where you just see a “problematic behaviour” is basically the child communicating, that it’s hating what you are doing, the environment, the task, being forced to talk, being touched etc etc. Give them a break from your NT-demands. My body hurts by just thinking about that child which needs are entirely being ignored. Seriously how can you people do that?!! Sorry if this is getting personal. I’m “just” getting hyperempathatic… …for that child who’s probably in great distress. Please… don’t dismiss their needs. And more importantly: don’t ignore their signals that they are sending. I’m begging you

[@cynthiabustos8910]

Do I have to teach them an appropiate way to communicate during the tantrums? Or during the tantrums is better to ignore the behaviour? I didn't understand that :( // Great videos!!!

[@edalizobear3012]

Cynthia, adding functional communication training is always helpful. Make sure that the client has an alternate/functional way of communicating in their repertoire before ignoring a behavior because it can lead to more frustration. For example, how can you teach the client to mand for cookie when they arent able to say/sign/or give a picture of cookie? Also, planned ignoring works when the function of the behavior is attention. If the function is access (wanting a cookie), then withholding the cookie until they mand is appropriate, but only if they already know how to say/sign/give picture of item they want. Otherwise, teaching the word, sign, or to use a picture of a cookie would be the first step BEFORE implementing an extinction procedure. It wouldn't be fair to ignore the only form of communication they know without teaching them the appropriate/functional way first, ya know? I hope this helps.

[@e.t.2437]

Is it a tantrum or a meltdown?

[@lynseyhight1648]

can you please do a RBT Competency exam mock for visual learners :) that would be Gods grace lol

[@lubnasiddiqui3337]

what if asking for break become over generalized..what can a rbt do in that situation ?

[@IcanSeeMyselfOutThanks]

over generalized or if they use it all the time? If they use functionally asking for a break every time and not engage in the maladaptive escape maintained behavior in the presence of the antecedent condition, it sounds like you successfully replaced the behavior. Once the guy exhibits the correct behavior, you can start fading the schedule of reinforcement (CRF/FR1 > FR2 > FR3 > VR2 > VR3) or something along those lines

[@markramos4196]

Thanks for the video, but there are various reasons why a child tantrums. In a supermarket, there are various reasons why a child tantrums. Too much sound (chaos) which is over stimulation. There are so many stimulating circumstances that BCBA's do not understand.

[@pavlovsdawg6366]

Too much stimulation is not a function of behavior. However, in the presence of too much stimulation, an individual might engage in tantrum behaviors because in the past, under similar antecedent conditions, tantrum behaviors have been negatively reinforced (e.g. escape from the aversive situation). BCBA's understand, you just don't understand BCBA's.

[@meagain7669]

Thank you 🤝🤝🤝

[@kathrynmeserve2930]

You really explain things in a way that is easy to understand!

[@claudiacastro786]

Is there any video where you cover DRO, DRA, DRA and so on?

[@ABAmadeeasy]

Yep! You can skip to 7:33 on the video link below but the whole video gives you a better take away on behavior reduction: kzbin.info/www/bejne/imm3m2iQgJtsfNU

[@claudiacastro786]

@@ABAmadeeasy thank you so much! I’ve been studying with your vids bc I have my exam soon and your explanations are so easy to understand and so good to refresh knowledge! Thank you so much!

[@ABAmadeeasy]

Good luck on your exam!

[@claudiacastro786]

@@ABAmadeeasy thank you!

[@dnd4346]

THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR YOUR VIDEOS I PASSED MY EXAM ON THE FIRST TRY❤❤❤❤❤❤❤

[@lexylynn4637]

Thank you so helpful

[@clarkbowler157]

No offense, however. Why is ABA still used?

[@mesuhino]

thank you for this video! Also I like your book collection!

[@saimanawaz2549]

Thankyou!!

[@madrocha12]

Looking for someone to supervise me while I''m doing the BCBA program? it can also be via SKYPE. would you?

[@ABAmadeeasy]

Unfortunately I do not offer supervision. I only got my BCaBA. But I can connect you to Lisa Guerrero if you are interested. She's the BCBA-D I interviewed in another video of mine and she's a great mentor!

[@madrocha12]

ABA Made Easy, absolutely! Please.. thank U :).

[@ABAmadeeasy]

@@madrocha12 You can email her at [e-mail] and try to set it up! She is currently doing an internship so her schedule might not be as flexible. You can always search the BACB database as a back up plan. Hope that helps!

[@madrocha12]

ABA Made Easy, Mil gracias Mauricio! ✨🙏🏻✨😘

[@rizzahenry8552]

your videos are educative and insightful.

[@crystal1799]

So helpful

[@kellynorth4168]

Super helpful! I'm a new RBT and will be watching all of your videos 🙂

[@GODzSPARKLE950Em]

ABA has to be used to prompt and work on development issues in kids this isn't bad at all however you should use repetitive motions and prompting when it comes to autism because it can help with reinforcement issues I don't understand why people are so against something like this why do you think this is so big in the community if it's so bad someone always has something bad to say do any of you have autistic kids or have you ever had classes for this even

[@MsEdominguez]

Thank you so much. Very well explained

[@ayfersalim]

Hi, Mauricio! I like your videos they are very good and easy to remember. Could you help me how to correct a iiiii noise my son makes. He can't communicate, but knows a lot of words. Thank you very much for your reply. Could you make a video as well? Thanks for your help!

[@rfishrfish4242]

WE NEED ECEPTIC

[@lidicemartinez747]

Perfecto . Muy buena explicacion . Muchas gracias .Thank you very much .

[@k.weirdo7747]

I'm disappointed in myself. My kids have learned the effective measures of getting their want🤔❤️

[@iamdisciple9233]

thank you for this.....i appreciate it

[@juneau.1422]

Shoutout to your aunt, she a real one 💯 👏 🙌

[@drewgibbons4799]

Dude, watch your footage when you myme stoping hand flapping. Please search, 'Ask an autistic' and watchthe episode on aba. I know most of you are young and ya gotta make a living but this system is based on some pretty problematic underpinings. Manipulating a person into 'fitting in' or worse to behave in ways that are about parennt accepting them does some loooong term damage. On my honour I speak from experience. Keep an open mind and heart and look around, there's lots of evidence. If what is being asked of you feels off, it is. There are better ways, it is up to you to find or invent them. Drew

[@HappyHoney41]

Sometimes, you can teach them a less obvious way to stim. Tapping/wiggling a foot, wiggling fingers on top of their thigh or patting themselves. Stimming toys, using worry stones, etc.

[@makeinsakeita8885]

Thank you very much I will try that

[@jessicamanrique5085]

Excelent

[@omarcruz9571]

your videos are really good, hope to do well in my exam ahaha I have my exam saturdat july 11,2020 i am very stress. Please check the pantalla i just keep moving when your are making a video

[@HoneySuckle123]

New Subscriber 🥰

[@MKS1286]

if i give one candy , he try to search all candy in rooms to eat.

[@arwabatterywala6935]

Handsome guy Well explained

[@martamueller4423]

Yeah him being handsome really adds to the whole thing doesn't it? Lol

[@lynseyhight1648]

you are the best thanks for your guidance and support:)

[@felixmarquez9926]

Thanks so much!!

[@yogitashahi8841]

Thankyou so much👍🏼

[@serenagoss2730]

Son rise all the way

[@interestingvideos6775]

My daughter always singing song even in public areas. What is the alternative for that.please let me know

[@livingatypicallyactuallyau5514]

Interesting videos Why do you need an alternative? Singing songs isn’t hurting anybody, so there’s no need to change it. If you are embarrassed by your child being her authentic natural self in public, that’s your problem, not hers.

[@pavlovsdawg6366]

Hello, great video, lots of useful information! So, my thoughts are that you are correct, singing does not hurt anybody. Hell, I bust out into a little Bon Jovi every now and then in public (my behavior has not been punished yet)....but the difference is that I can distinguish when the appropriate time is and is not. Singing becomes a problem when the subject engages in high rates/magnitude/duration of singing while in INAPPROPRIATE settings (e.g. In a classroom, at a theater, etc....). Not only is it socially stigmatizing for the child, but they are disrupting others as well. There has been studies on non-contingent reinforcement in the form of music (via headphones) that reduce or eliminate the need for automatically reinforced singing. Let me know if you have any other questions. Here is a video on behavior analysis to clear up any misinformation out there. Cheers. kzbin.info/www/bejne/fp_ciqqNocqhgMk&list=LLiup54jQ8XaHkUB9Z8Iit9g

[@nicholeisinclair5729]

You are so cute!!

[@ethandanielson249]

Very helpful. Thank you!

[@dashiralizardo4310]

my last name is LIZARDO !

[@ABAmadeeasy]

Epic

[@MP-yo2fx]

Aww

[@katbos4995]

12:25 recap