102 YEAR OLD, 300 Foot SHAFT Leads To Artifacts BOTH Old And New

[@rebeccagary2978]

Love the new format on both Wednesdays and Saturday films. Never miss them.

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: Thanks! Starting next week you’ll be getting even more content! Stay tuned!

[@VoteredorSmackyomamma]

“Tickle it with a little finger and she’ll start to come” GLY!!! Lmao 🤣 😂😂

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: Oops! Yeah, I guess I did say that. Lol 😝

[@rawbsworld6604]

😆

[@tinadelwiche416]

Yah ,, Gly your always the one saying keep it family friendly 😊😂

[@debrakish9659]

Yeah, I caught that one too, right away! lol

[@e36z32]

Brilliant!

[@chubbrock659]

I love when Laura has the camera, she’s getting so confident!

[@lh6551]

Thanks! I'm getting the hang of it.

[@chubbrock659]

@@lh6551you’re doing great, definitely an asset to the channel!

[@jacklisiecki2389]

Wow! Some very tight drifts with scary dangerous hanging slabs and loose rock. My claustrophobia was starting to kick in. Great job with the cameras despite the tight spaces. Thank you Gly and Laura for the adventure.

[@stpetebeachkatz]

I was impressed with Laura's skills and fearlessness in this episode. Well done Laura , keep up the great work.

[@lh6551]

Going into abandoned mines has always been a thrill. You just never know what's down there.

[@Classicrock4u]

Once again, Gly and Laura, knock it out of the park. I'm loving the fact that you guys can get into some rope work

[@rawbsworld6604]

Muhammad Ali did some mighty fine rope work too! 😆🤔

[@mikecarbiener2137]

Gly, after all the footage I have watched of your adventures over the years, this is the FIRST time I have actually been afraid for you! I had to keep reminding myself that because I'm watching this, you made it out. What a nail biter!

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: It was difficult to condense nearly 9 hours of footage into a 30 - 40 minute video, there were so many dangerous moments I had trouble picking out the ones to show.

[@cathycoff5845]

Wow....this is Laura's deepest decent and it was this crumbly mess..lol. Tight squeeze's and collapses. I think you owe Laura a steak dinner after that one. Great video and thanks to you both for taking us along.

[@earlecox8030]

I want to thank both of you for making my Wednesday and Saturday morning awesome thank you for all you do and stay safe

[@AscendedZombie]

Good call on getting out of there. That was super dangerous.

[@tinadelwiche416]

WHAT AN ADVENTURE GLY AND LAURA!!!😊

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: This was a fun one!

[@tinadelwiche416]

@@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces 👍👍👀

[@lh6551]

We were definitely the "two jokers" when we attempted to find a way around that mess at the bottom 😅.

[@tinadelwiche416]

@@lh6551 fool s gold🤣

[@ralphpatrick3071]

Now, that’s what I call an exploration! 😊

[@theotheunis-kaerts9059]

Omg Gly, Laura is very brave woman.

[@GreyStuff]

Long time subscriber. I absolutely love Laura you two make very educational and entertaining content i hope she sticks around

[@rawbsworld6604]

Long time sub? 🤔 prove it!! What episode did WonderHussy leave her card on oldBob? 🤦‍♂️🤣🤣🤣

[@battleshipnewjerseysailor4738]

Howdy Gly and Laura! I've been with the channel since you had just a few thousand subs, it's very nice you have a partner to accompany you, and the channel is as good as ever, keep up the good work, Steve

[@subvertedworld]

Very cool, but very dangerous mine. That one slab you told Laura to watch out for had me on the edge of my seat. One touch and both of you would have been trapped! Be careful, and thanks for so much great content.

[@alprince4290]

Great video as always. Those minutes of you trying to slip into that death zone at the end of. your rope reminded me of that video you did years ago when you thought a slab had fallen on your back! You are certainly taking your adventures down in those old mines to the very limit, maybe a bit beyond! Stay safe..

[@Jake-yx7ct]

Laura and Gly thanks for the rope climbing and decent into a very squiggly mine. Stay safe you 2.

[@justinmoreland3570]

Awesome mine shaft, very unnerving for me under that slick and slide ready to seal the exit. Glad you both made it out safely. Be safe out there , see you next Wednesday!

[@generost5435]

Gly and Laura, you are part mole to be able to crawl around all those constricted spaces. I am glad I am sitting here in my living room with a bourbon on the rocks enjoying your adventures. Thank you for the great explore.

[@leighsayers2628]

Awesome explore ..well done!!. Braver than I .. From Australia 🦘🦘🦘

[@kennysherrill6542]

Watching this makes me so tired, 😂 Gly you've got a great friend there. Just got out of the Hospital myself, the old VA has been dragging it's feet so long my health is degrading to the point I may die before my knees are replaced. So Watching you really lifts my spirits. Love from old Kenny. 👍❤️🇺🇸

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: Hang in there Kenny and let me do the exploring for ya. 👍

[@TheShornak]

HAHA, When I first saw you thumbnail I read it as Two Jokers 'IN' a mine. Great video and so cool seeing that newpaper down there in the mine.

[@nmandmc1]

Loving all these new adventures with the two of you!!

[@markmiller5952]

Getting into some good ones. This is the kind of exploring I like. Great episode! Keep going guys. ❤

[@mickie7873]

Reminds me of some of the "Canadian Frank" films. (he was always pushing the envelope)

[@grimsmith1]

Haha! I like that, 'Laura, you are smaller than me!' Haha! We already knew that Gly! But REspect for the explorations!

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: 😜

[@dillonsparks4709]

You give me so much anxiety in mines like this gly I love that you documented this mine but geez almighty.

[@nellieblankenship1115]

Laura you did great! Gly , she does a great job. You both are great explorers. The old newspaper was awesome too.

[@scotts3938]

Pretty suspenseful watching you two under that unstable rock. Looked like there was a date block on that yellow label with 1012 which might be 12th week in 2010. Great mine explore. Love the shafts.

[@antjon1]

Long time viewer, first time commenter. I just wanted to say I LOVE the direction the channel is going! Having 2 days of videos each week really gives me something to look forward to! Its a great way to relax after a long day of work, strangely enough, and Im really excited to see where things are going! Also, Laura is an epic addition to the channel, and Im excited to see her more and more with you, Gly!

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: Thank you very much! Beginning this week we’re adding even more content to our channel. Stay tuned!

[@Paddy_Roche]

Cracking explore "Glaura". awesome job.

[@ThanksChris]

Better than Brangelina and Bennifer, that’s for sure 😅😂

[@Paddy_Roche]

@@ThanksChris ahaha, I forgot I wrote this, thanks.

[@shantyshitter3163]

Fantastic explore. Thank you. Stay safe.

[@johnfederkeil9211]

Very Cool! Thanks for showing us!

[@davidwhiteman5451]

Great day for an explore, oh how I feel for your knees and backs. I do remember all the crawling and stooping over in the Caves and Mines I explored in Colorado back in the 80's and 90's. Loving all the Specimens I have been able to get with winning bids on your eBay site. I cannot believe that I am not getting out bid on most of them. I may be able to open a "Gly's - Abandoned and Forgotten Places Specimen Museum". Every Specimen that I have won and received have been oh so Beautiful and in fantastic condition when received.

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: Thanks David! We’ll have some Chrysocolla specimens up on eBay with an accompanying video this coming Wednesday. Thanks for your support!

[@sarahpovey6368]

Another great video thanks guys,does worry me when you both get into tight spaces,thrill of it I suppose,to find what's leaking around artifacts etc 😊❤❤

[@willp2406]

BRILLIANT, just brilliant , what a great mine , good work Gly and Laura , again , keep up the GREAT work ..

[@joseruiz7575]

Great episode guys. I wish someone would follow you down one of those l mines with a Lidar to better document some of these mines before they get too dangerous to explore. Only reason I want them to follow you is because you would make sure they don't make a mess down there.

[@andrewgrundy6309]

Amazing mine today it was a tight one stay safe looking forward to wensday

[@kncochran1]

Great video Gly. Laura, you're awesome. I love it when you do the narration.

[@lh6551]

Thanks! They say practice makes perfect.

[@rufusblair7623]

Keep up the good work on the video

[@bigkings.8804]

Wow is right!! I could never ever go down any of these mines you two have should us. You both have some tough stuff inside you. True grit. Thank you for your adventures.

[@lesbendo6363]

Laura you are a trooper! Hope Gly has a special Bbq lined up for dinner! 👍👍🇨🇦

[@MidlandAngelGems]

Another great explore, So dangerous, glad you both out in one piece. As always both stay safe. Sending love to you both xx

[@quentincotten8503]

When you come across those old glass bottles and jugs check the bottoms for date stamps most of em are stamped on the bottom

[@davidhyman4541]

was waiting for you to get a closer look at that PVC as it would have had date codes on it

[@lordcaptainvonthrust3rd]

Thanks for the explore guys 👍 Stay safe

[@StudlyMcDude]

Has a colapse ever exposed a rich deposit that was missed ?

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: Yes, but I’ve only ever encountered that once and I can’t remember which video it was in.

[@captainflymo]

Excellent stuff thanks to you both. Shame the bottom went no further. Possibly the stopes higher up may have had drifts off them.? Stay safe. Thanks from the UK

[@dwight8426]

Looks like there was light coming in at 12:30 when she was filming down

[@kimbra1132]

The crawling, helmet check mine. Wow, what an adventure u guys. Take care of those knees. Crazy collapses though. Laura is great on them ropes. She'll be whippin past u in no time.

[@JDJ1898JADE]

Thanks for the great explore video and all the hard work going in and especially back out. That was a real nail biter in those tight spots.

[@lh6551]

I'll admit, I got a minor case of the willie's when we encountered those collapsed drifts at the bottom.

[@JDJ1898JADE]

@@lh6551 Yeah, I don't blame ya.

[@deanmc178]

lovely fottage , ive been waiting for the desend down under ground

[@johnizitchiforalongtime]

I'm in on this, explain away, orient Laura on rappelling. Explore away, loving it. Going in places never seen by them. Bottles of alcohol, old bottles, cool. Thats one tight situation to get into, the bottom of it all.

[@healingboritzki5022]

Gly I figured you guys would have explored the one drift on your way back out because then if the stuff fell to the bottom we had already seen it

[@lotharschiese8559]

37:19 Notice the vein was laterally faulted, made it difficult to follow the pay.

[@willielangoor4369]

As a long time subscriber and watcher of your channel from Australia . This episode l think takes u-tub adventure channel to another level, you passion in bringing the feeling of your adventure to viewers in there home . ls the best on the internet , How you do all the stuff with one hand always amazes me ,if we had smell tv it would make the Esperance complete l credit you for ? Pro visual , Pro drown quality and flying skills , History information and commentary first class, Old morals and respect always , New ideas and experiences on going and much more . l really hope that u-tube and other formats . Give you overwhelming credit and push you channel . Well done Gly and Laura . we love your work

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: Thank you very much for the kind words! We’re doing everything we can think of to keep our channel the most entertaining and informative in the genre. In the coming weeks we’ll be taking things up a notch again with two DSE videos per week and we’re certain you’ll enjoy them. Stay tuned!

[@willielangoor4369]

@@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces Thanks for your update

[@daviddedicke2074]

Have you ever thought about going into the Cerro Gorda mine?

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: It’s been fully documented now by Brent so that’s one I probably won’t be going too.

[@mclego84]

I'm really enjoying the quick intro with less drone work and Gly and Laura are awesome!

[@davidwhiteman5451]

I miss the drone work but understand that some sites just cannot be shown from above ground so as to keep the mines in more pristine condition and the Looke Loos out.

[@rawbsworld6604]

Excellent 👍 you do know he made that change just for you!!!

[@schneidp20]

And good call not throwing down the rope. Falling rock and ropes don't mix. A friend had an episode belaying, and a falling rock completely severed the rope. Other people in the group had to reclimb the route to retreive the stranded climber. Scarey!

[@giovm905]

I wonder if you have ever measured temperature and relative humidity and what is the thermal difference between inside and outside?

[@VVv-c2m]

😊excellent! I wonder how tall those miners were? Some spots look like they didn't waste any time making the walk way big enough to stand up?

[@BlitzKC816]

Gly & Laura, I've watched 360 videos before on KZbin where the viewer could control the 360 view. Would that require large data storage that would make it impractical to carry along? I'm thinking maybe you need cloud storage via cellular data unavailable underground, Thanks!

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: The files are too large making the video too short for KZbins upload parameters. Also, a rig would need to be designed to throw light in all directions, all the time so there’s logistical issues in regard to rig weight and battery longevity. Id like to see someone work on it and get it all dialed in perfectly because that would be a new level of abandoned mine documentation.

[@BlitzKC816]

​@@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces This video of 25 minutes of flying time was probably uploaded directly to the cloud via cellular data. The main thing killing it underground would be the 360 light. I bet Frank could whip something up via you and Laura, think sonzaloator that contraption you and Frank lowered into mines. Very cool thanks, guys! kzbin.info/www/bejne/nGPZoaiKipymn9E

[@karlastark4497]

Woah I remember this!

[@Bluebirdpowderday]

Tie an overhand knot at the end of your rope Gly, so that you don’t rappel off the end of it by accident. There have been professional climbers who have made that mistake and it has been fatal.

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: It’s good practice, especially in vertical dangling situations, but you’d better not forget to untie the knot in this environment because the knot will snag on something and you won’t be able to recover the rope unless you go all the way back down again.

[@rawbsworld6604]

🤦‍♂️ makes you wonder were they really a professional ? 🤭😆

[@sirmonkey1985]

@@rawbsworld6604 everyone has moments of complacency whether you're a pro or an amateur.

[@rawbsworld6604]

@@sirmonkey1985 that’s my point ☝️ pro’s can afford complacency and especially when their or others lives are at stake 👍 mentally tip top is th you not way one can be a pro whatever 😆 ✌️

[@Bluebirdpowderday]

@@rawbsworld6604 actually one of my favorite athletes, Brad Gobright, one of the best climbers in the world made this fatal mistake. One small lapse of judgment can sometimes be all that it takes.

[@gyprocman8163]

🇨🇦 The look at 27:24 😳 Sorry Laura that to me was hilarious lol. Great job though.

[@eliadelucchi5455]

Hi Guy and Lora! As always a great video, may I ask you your rope setup? I don't understand why you left both ends of the rope up top. Isn't it going to fall on your head when it's gravity pulls it down? 4:49 oh okk i see

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: When rappelling shafts you have to do things a bit differently to help avoid a birds nest tangle of rope, especially in inclined shafts.

[@shariselove]

I had to pause it towards the end there with the slab of slick and slide😮 two jokers for real...madness😮 my nerves 😅

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: Saturdays only get crazier from here! Stay tuned!

[@bobrenner7213]

A strange thought seeing Laura squirm through that first tight spot: "The worms crawl in ..."

[@FalkorsTale]

Wow claustrophobia city. I hope the next mine is a little nicer to you. Amazing work both of you and Laura is the champion crabwalker. So how long does it take you to clean up your gear and cameras after an explore like this? Stay limber 😄

[@lotharschiese8559]

26:55 Note the 3 veins, the whole area was faulted/sheered and injected with hydrothermal fluids, thus the unstable rock in the adits. Frank Schlichting is famous for "Don't Touch Anything TOO Much!"

[@llewdis]

Gly showing off….

[@karlmcgowan9375]

Gly, Laura, You know that the Hat makers got driven mad by the Mercury. Was the Mercury potent enough to effect the miners.

[@edwardaustin740]

Another great episode. Laura is definitely a keeper. She doesn't mind getting dirty and she's pretty ? Yessir 👍. Gly Coolness, I patiently wait every Saturday morning for what you have for me to enjoy. Thanks.

[@BubuH-cq6km]

🤔so if the day box is empty does the night box have blankets and pillows?🤷🏻‍♀

[@rawbsworld6604]

☝️ 🤔

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: 🤔 Hmmm… maybe so.

[@davidphillips7321]

Did You Tie a Knot at the End of the Rope (Both Ropes) - First ?

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: No. because in this kind of environment that knot will get snagged on something when you’re either pulling the slack down or pulling the rope back out. It’s just something you have to be mindful of when exploring inclined shafts.

[@Icefoxpro]

How deep is the shaft

[@TimMalone-ut7bn]

Hey Gly and Laura! I am a mining engineer and absolutely love your videos. I have been watching weekly since about episode 30 something. That takes a lot of guts to do what you do. However, I do have a comment... I have heard you use the term that sounds like "slickandslide". With all due respect, the actual term is "slickenside". Just thought you might want to know. Keep up the good work!

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: That’s my Wisconsin accent tangling with my Wyoming accent again. Oh wait, it’s not pronounced Wyoming… it’s Wyomin. Things get crazier from here.. stay tuned!

[@fishyfish6768]

How long did it take you guys to climb out?

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: Roughly three hours I’m guessing, maybe more.

[@garyday5299]

How would miners know there was something worthwhile if they had to tunnel down 300 ft? Was the shaft dug from top down or bottom up? Assuming this is all dynamite work, how do they keep the wooden ladders from getting destroyed or damaged with each blast? Thanks.

[@garyday5299]

Anyone?....Anyone?...Buehler?....Buehler??...

[@schneidp20]

Thanks for including some of the rope work. Boy, I'd unclip my climbing gear rather than drag it through the gravel. Just the gear, not the harness. I sure hope you don't burn out laura. Today's episode looks like it was grueling. Thanks for not pushing it in the danger zone.

[@rawbsworld6604]

Laura in the beginning it was a pleasant change of view to look at your other end ie the top of your head 😆🤣🤣 👌🤙 both of ya’s

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: Laura’s trying to steal my thunder. Lol

[@tinadelwiche416]

@@AbandonedandForgottenPlaceshah,, but she brings you sunshine in return 😊

[@petewebster2977]

Excellent adventure and back on rope. Gly , why not drop the rope down first to avoid pulling rocks down on yourself? And could I get a picture of this one hand abseil device you use with the Petzt descender ...please. Thanks ...off rope. Pete Australia 🇦🇺

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: With an inclined shaft, throwing the rope down the shaft won’t work because all you’ll end up with is a big birds nest pile you have to untangle every 50 feet or so and it’s a real pain in the butt. When I’m going down I remove any loose dangler rocks or debris before I rappel past them. Google: petzl freino carabiner

[@petewebster2977]

Thank you , will do .

[@oculusangelicus8978]

I have to say that I'm very nervous for you two in a mine like that. At the bottom there seeing that whole massive slab just waiting to fall over with only some rotten wood and a steel support rod holing it up, and then watching you and Laura go under it twice and then there were even other slabs waiting for a breath of air to touch them and send them over and Gly simply shuffling under it... This mine gave me the willies and no uncertain terms, and Quite Frankly I amazed that you chose to go all the way into this mine at all, Gly, because I've seen you decline to go under less dangerous hanging slabs than these ones at significantly shallower depths! Please be careful to not slacken your safety standards! But the Geology in this mine was absolutely Stunning! I can see why they chose to go into this mine in the late 70s and 80s because they must have been getting so good numbers outta this one. I could see evidence of that massive vein of Quartz in the walls of the mine addits, especially on the 300 level but you never showed them specifically or really talked about them, but at least the 360° camera showed it. I would never go into such a place personally but it would have been really cool to have some rock samples from this crumbly death trap! Thanks for sharing your harrowing trip into this left-over nightmare, the wood in this mine was terribly rotten which caused the ladder to fail at one point but it was cool to see inside of it. The only other mine I saw mine explorers go into that freaked me out was way back before your channel started and I saw that other channel of explorers go into a gravel placer mine that was partially flooded and they went into every stope and branch and the water was just pouring down from the ribs and back of the mine in streams, like the mine had become an aquafer again after sever million years! and I was sure I was going to see these guy get the mine cave in on them at several points and they were walking around checking everything out regardless of the water and how it all looked like it was going to collapse on them. That was far worse than this mine! Anyways, see you next Wednesday and try not to go into such dangerous mines anymore with Laura, Gly I want you two to be around for a lot longer yet!

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: When I have a second person with me that’s as experienced in abandoned mines as I am, I’ll push the limits a bit further, but even I have my limits and you’ll see what those limits are in the coming weeks. 👍

[@mfree80286]

I don't even explore mines and the idea of walking through an abandoned placer mine sketches me right the F out. It's a tunnel through gravel!

[@mickie7873]

@@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces We HOPE SO!! (limits, that is).

[@e36z32]

Apologies if I missed it; are the ropes attached to old Bob?

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: Yes, and we kept Bob in neutral just to make things more exciting. 😉

[@e36z32]

@@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces ha ha there goes Gly adding the humor to yet another response! 🤣👍💪

[@shawnzalewski1917]

Man talk about tight squeezes!! This mine had lots of it. Made me feel like a mouse. 🐁 😂

[@gregphillips.1312]

Go Laura. Someone buy that Girl a Fearless T-shirt! 😂✌❤🙏🍻🇬🇧

[@robertlyman9789]

Laura got the gold mine, Gly got the shaft!

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: …and it hurts too much to laugh..

[@DannyNeal-g8y]

Gly, it seems that you're a little more careful when Laura is with you. Which is a good thing! If you were extracting priceless objects or rescuing someone, you could justify more risk. But, bottom line, this is just documentation and entertainment. We don't want to risk losing, or even hurting, either of you. Besides, our anxiety levels are through the roof just watching what you deem acceptable risk! Y'all stay safe.

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: It’s all about risk vs reward. If this was an 1800’s mine I probably would’ve dug that out to go further.

[@mickie7873]

You took the words out my mouth "user".

[@SeanBoughton-rb4wi]

The first prince Albert tins were made in 1909 and the last ones were made in 1987

[@lawrenceclarkbrokeringcourse]

You two are 'Troopers' !

[@kstaffidaho4637]

"We're standing on backfill." I think that's a country song waiting to be written.

[@randall1957]

How about getting Laura a go pro?

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: Stay tuned!

[@lotharschiese8559]

18:41 Think for a minute, how to heck did they drill, blast and muck out that small opening?

[@kendrawilliams1348]

That pvc pipe usually has dates on it

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: I looked but couldn’t find a date.

[@BrandonTodd-q2j]

“Tickle it with a little finger and she will start to come” - Gly

[@kendrawilliams1348]

Tom and Julie where there

[@kennethhough3251]

I enjoy watching your videos. But going through this death trap is foolish to pursue any further. Your crazy man ..

[@soho71]

Ah, the ASMR of clanking harnesses and heavy breathing….😂😂😂😂

[@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces]

“Gly”: Ahhh.. yes. Welcome to rope work, where the clanking, squeaking and heavy breathing never stops. Music to my ears. Lol

[@soho71]

@@AbandonedandForgottenPlaces it is a great video. I really appreciate you both persevering and documenting these mines. Bravo Sir and Ma’am.

[@thedallastexan]

53:30 in the immortal wisdom of The Goonies: "Brand, God put that rock there for a purpose... and, um... I'm not so sure you should, um... move it..."

[@danosmixedgrill6067]

Hi, What an awful crumbly multipaths to nowhere much mine, great explore though. I remember those plastic drink bottles with the base glued on the bottom. Here in Australia they disappeared around the mid 80s once they realized they could mold the base shape into the bottle instead of having a round bottom with glued on base to stand upright. It was obviously much cheaper to ditch this entire manufacturing & fitting process that was totally unecasary. Cheers Daniel.