Acid base disorders with case discussion

Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Acidosis
decreased pH
Alkalosis
increased pH
Metabolic acidosis
primary defect- decreased bicarbonate
Compensation - hyperventilation by lungs
Causes
High anion gap metabolic acidosis
DKA
lactic acidosis
renal failure
organic aciduria
aminoacidurias
Normal anion gap metabolic acidosis
Diarrhea
RTA
intestinal fistula
Metabolic alkalosis
primary defect- increased bicarbonate
Compensated by Respiratory mechanism- hypoventilation
causes
vomiting
upper git obstruction
adrenal tumor
Cushing syndrome
glucocorticoid excess
mineralocorticoid excess
Respiratory acidosis
primary defect- increased pCO2
Compensated by renal conservation of bicarbonate
Causes
pneumonia
COPD
asthma
Narcotics and sedatives
paralysis of respiratory muscles
Respiratory alkalosis
primary defect- decreased pCO2
Compensated by - renal excretion of bicarbonate
Causes
Hypoxia
High altitude
Hysteria
hyperventilation

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Meta. Acidosis(hyperkalamia) - respiratory alklosis Meta. Alklosis- respiratory acidosis If h+ increase, ph decrease(meta. Acidosis) so lung do blow out pco2 so Decrease pco2 ( respiratory alklosis)...... Thank you sir -In Diarrhea basic substance come out from body, git become acidic -In vomiting acidic substance come out from body, git become basic

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Case study- metabolic acidosis and respiratory alkalosis ( compensatory)

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Sir at 11:30 Respiratory acidosis is compensated by renal alkalosis. Is renal alkalosis also known metabolic alkalosis?

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8:20 metabolic alkalosis can also be caused by loss of H+ either due to vomit or loop diuretic/thiazides! this result in an accumulation of plamsa HCO3- result in renal compensation with increased excretion of hco3 and blown off more co2 by increasing respiratory rate

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