Aldol Addition and Condensation Reaction Mechanism in Acid or Base

leah4sci.com/en... presents: Aldol Addition and Condensation Reaction and Mechanism and Acidic and Basic Conditions
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This video shows you how to perform an aldol addition or condensation reaction in acidic or basic conditions
This is video 4 in the Enolate Reaction series. Catch the entire series along with the Enolate practice quiz and cheat sheet on my website: leah4sci.com/en...
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[@layankassas4877]

it's always a relief to look up an orgo reaction then find that Leah4sci has a video on it

[@Leah4sci]

Awww thanks so much! I'm honored!

[@asanvigyan9275]

You are one reliable guide for the new adventurers who are venturing into organic chemistry jungle, taking everyone step by step through complex mechanisms, thank you !

[@Leah4sci]

Thanks for your kind words, and you are very welcome!

[@niru216]

Very true!

[@crystalandrade9324]

I spent so long trying to understand this mechanism and you made it so so easy! Thank you so much!!!!

[@Leah4sci]

awww! I'm glad the video helped! You are very much welcome :)

[@erenyeagar8785]

if I pass organic chemistry this lady is the reason ,,thank you so much

[@Leah4sci]

You're very welcome!

[@PunmasterSTP]

Hey I know it's been awhile, but I just came across your comment and was curious. Did you end up passing?

[@TheCrazyali28]

You're the greatest, your explanations are thorough and very easy to understand. Thanks for the great content!

[@Leah4sci]

Thank you for your kind words! You're very welcome!

[@littlechemist]

@@Leah4sci mam i am a little student of chemistry. I have a kindly request to u.i made a video. If u r free then plz see it and give some advice as a teacher.plz.i will waiting for you

[@deepanshuchauhan5409]

Leah...ur awesome..... u make everything so easy.. that I'm in love with organic chemistry. thank you so much... and keep it up you are doing a gr8 job👍👌

[@Leah4sci]

You're so welcome, happy to help and to hear that you fell in love with orgo!

[@douffyrox]

I just discovered this channel with this video. Amazing content! Thank you

[@Leah4sci]

You're very welcome, so glad you found my channel!

[@metiburussie8973]

Thank you for everything you do for us. I wish I could give you a big hug, so here I'm sending my virtual hugs.

[@Leah4sci]

virtual hug accepted and returned ;)

[@BakaSama24]

Thank you for your hardwork I wanted to ask something that when an aldehyde and ketone undergo aldol addition, is the product an aldol or a ketol?

[@Leah4sci]

I'm sorry, but I don't offer tutoring over social media. If you ever find you need help with questions like this again, I recommend joining the organic chemistry study hall. Details: leah4sci.com/join or contact me through my website leah4sci.com/contact/

[@ameenain6124]

Ur way is easy and simple to learn...thank u for the amazing video! :D But I've a doubt...what if we have 2 compounds in the left hand side...like how to find them . Shld we add them or keep one of them as constant? Pls solve my doubt 🙃

[@Leah4sci]

Glad you found this video helpful. I don't understand your question, are you asking if you have two different starting molecules? If yes see the mixed condensation videos on my channel where I give you examples

[@krutikanaik5764]

U explained this very well .thank you ❣

[@Leah4sci]

You’re welcome 😊

[@VideoMakesMeHappy]

9:46 Solomons describes intstead a proton shift and then condensation as well as removal of alpha-hydrogen to yield a,B-unsaturated product. Are both yours and Solomons’ mechanisms correct?

[@Leah4sci]

I am unfamiliar with your textbook resource, but I still stand by the accuracy of the mechanism in this video. If you watch to the end of the video, you'll see how I form the a,B-unsaturated product.

[@fauxpassant]

Technically during a base-catalysed aldol, the base deprotonates the aldol addition product and the electrons DO actually go to the carbonyl to form an enolate, and then the (-) goes to form a pi bond on the other side to kick out the -OH. This is because -OH isn't a good leaving group under basic conditions, yet in this case the mechanism is an E1cB, hence it will work.

[@traxxasbro5604]

Guy de Fauxpassant what she drew was not incorrect...she just didn’t show the other resonance form which is what you’re describing. The E1cB elimination will proceed regardless of which resonance form is drawn, and either form would be considered correct on an exam for mechanistic purposes, unless the professor instructed to draw all possible resonance forms of reaction intermediates.

[@Leah4sci]

You are correct about resonance, I teach the enolate resonance in the introductory video and then skipped to simplify in the rest hoping that students remember the resonance can and does take place

[@Shreyaraman2005]

So the difference between aldol addition and aldol condensation are related to each other like nucleophillic substitution is to nucleophillic elimination ? 1:24

[@Leah4sci]

You can think of it as more of a step-wise process. After aldol addition, at high temperatures, you can have a dehydration reaction in which water is eliminated. So the aldol condensation is an addition followed by a dehydration (removal of a water molecule).

[@Shreyaraman2005]

@@Leah4sci Ohh.......thank you☺

[@moussamohammedelamin7990]

Thank you so much our teacher it was so useful , so i can use this video to synthesis chalcon molecule between acetophenone and benzen aldehyde in basic medium Na-OH

[@Leah4sci]

you're very welcome!

[@nSackStyles]

You said in the beginning, 0:25 , that we'll be needing an aldehyde or a ketone, but wouldn't a ketone molecule, tautomerise in an acidic or basic solution ? So how do we differ K.E.T from aldol reaction ?

[@Leah4sci]

There is an element of KET in aldol condensation reactions. Instead of forming and enol, the negative oxygen gives you an enolate which helps drive this aldol condensation reaction

[@rajanmishra7733]

Thank you so much for this nice video

[@Leah4sci]

You are very much welcome

[@فرهادمحمد-ث2و]

Thanks for all

[@Leah4sci]

you are welcome

[@cool_youtube]

6:04 isn’t OH a bad leaving group? It won’t be able to leave like that without protonation right?

[@Leah4sci]

In a highly basic solution, it is definitely possible to leave like that. Remember our starting reagent was NaOH, so there's already tons of OH- floating in solution.

[@cool_youtube]

@@Leah4sci oh ok great, thank you!

[@kusalseven3563]

A good explanation,we like your way

[@Leah4sci]

Glad you like it :)

[@scuolascuola2525]

Great explaination! Thank you

[@Leah4sci]

You're so welcome!

[@samirkhan8015]

why couldn't the oxygen with 3 lone pairs on the enolate ion act as a nuclepohile? Why did it have to be the carbon atom?

[@Leah4sci]

While the oxygen is reactive with 3 lone pairs and a negative charge, it's negativity is pulled towards the carbon atom and will resonate towards carbon for the ultimate attack

[@nallamotukrishnachaitanya8833]

nice video and helpful

[@Leah4sci]

Happy to help!

[@rachana9070]

Thank you so much for this video!

[@Leah4sci]

You're welcome!

[@irem9955]

why can't we kick out OH with heat under acidic condition??? at 10:08

[@Leah4sci]

Acidic solutions are very positive which means an OH- would not be allowed to form. Instead the most 'negative' in an acidic solution would be the lone pair of electrons on a neutral oxygen (think water or alcohol)

[@fatts96]

I was worried about this mechanism, but with ur videos i think it is safe to say organic chem will be breeze

[@Leah4sci]

That's my goal! Glad it's helping

[@saubhikpal]

Nice one thxs

[@Leah4sci]

You're welcome!

[@PunmasterSTP]

Aldol addition? More like "Amazing videos (making them) seems to be your mission!"

[@Leah4sci]

Thanks so much!!

[@torresthemonster]

you're missing a aldehyde hydrogen

[@Leah4sci]

At which point in the video? I believe that I drew it in, at all points in the mechanism. However, even if I didn't, it would not be incorrect. By convention, drawing the aldehyde hydrogen is not necessary, just as you are not required to draw hydrogens in a line structure.

[@torresthemonster]

​@@Leah4sci Ah you're correct. For this unit, I have been drawing the hydrogens to make sure I connect the bonds correctly. You are correct, sorry for the confusion. Do you by chance have a video on how to ace the ACS final? On your website, you only posted tips and reviews, but I did not see a whole review video to sum it up. But I did buy the ACS final ORGO which you recommend.

[@shref816]

i did not understand

[@Leah4sci]

I'm sorry to hear that! Reach out to me at leah4sci.com/contact with further questions