AMPA and NMDA receptors

[@Sweetfruits89]

NBME brought me here. Thank you for the explanation.

[@AuNinjamuffin]

Same

[@lukec4724]

nbme exams: remember that one slide from neurobiology in undergrad? nope? too bad.

[@jaykay8098]

LOL

[@dxys248]

The NMDA receptor is one of two main kinds of receptors activated by glutamate. The other main kind of glutamate-receptor is called the AMPA receptor. These two receptors - each with distinct physiological properties - often coexist at the same synapse. Shown here as a model synapse in a part of the hippocampus containing both types of receptors. Weak electrical stimulation of the pre-synaptic neuron causes the release of glutamate from the axon terminal. This glutamate binds to both AMPA and NMDA receptors. Although both NMDA and AMPA receptors are permeable to sodium and potassium ions, weak stimulation normally only activates the AMPA receptors, resulting in a slight depolarization of the post-synaptic neuron. When glutamate binds to the NMDA receptor at slightly depolarized or resting brain voltages, very few ions flow through the channel. This low conductance occurs because the pour of the channel is blocked by magnesium ions which prevent other ions from passing freely through the channel. Under such conditions, the EPSP will be mediated entirely by the AMPA receptors. Given a stimulus of sufficient strength or frequency, AMPA receptors can depolarize the membrane sufficiently. To expel the magnesium from the NMDA channel, the NMDA channel now actively responds to glutamate, admitting not only sodium ions but large amounts of calcium as well. The calcium acts as an important second messenger activating several intracellular signaling cascades. For example, some Calcium binds to calmodulin and this complex in turn activates several protein kinases including calcium-calmodulin depending protein kinase - or CAM-kinase. CAM-kinase affects AMPA receptors in two ways: first, it phosphorylates AMPA-receptors already present in the dendritic spine membrane, thereby increasing their conductance to sodium ions. CAM-kinase also promotes movement of AMPA receptors from intracellular stores into the membrane, making more receptors available to stimulate the spine. In addition to these post-synaptic effects, calcium may also facilitate the release of transmitter from the axon terminal via retrograde signals such as nitric oxide. As a result of the increase of the number of AMPA receptors, the response to a stimulus of a given strength will be stronger than it was before the NMDA receptors were activated. In this regard, the synapse is said to be enhanced and this physiological change is thought to be one of the mechanisms underlying the expression of long-term potentiation or LTP.

[@anwaralmajed6177]

you saved my life with this caption

[@PPPhysiology]

God bless you

[@gabrielladavid7988]

omg thanks

[@ratmgump6959]

What can be done about nmda receptors that become blocked by pcp or touline?, I have read D Serine is the most dominant co antagonist of nmda receptors, would that be able to unblock it?

[@khadijarachchad4374]

🌺🌺🌼

[@annatomczy5435]

You summed up 1 difficultt lecture in 3:10, genius!

[@filmonhaile3327]

Agreed

[@robinhorst706]

This is quite fascinating. A simple chemical reaction is one of the key elements of our ability to learn.

[@Muuip]

Excellent concise animation/explanation of AMPA and NMDA receptors working together.

[@JuicySteakWithGravy]

This is a really helpful summary, delivered at a good pace. Thank you!!!

[@nancysidhom4745]

Fantastic presentation. Thank you!

[@danrevamp25]

very useful was so clearly explained thank you

[@alecausderbeek5918]

very clear and concise; great explanation!

[@anuragborade4623]

Lucidly explained. Thank you so much! 😊

[@yogiteee9856]

thanks for this short explanation that is more complete than the one in my book, which is taking up several pages, in a paradoxical way! xD Thank you for answering my question that quickly!

[@huseyinkocakusak]

Good explanation with video, thanks a lot!

[@rociocornet5885]

omg I love such a good explanation

[@nachomarchi]

Thank you so much for uploading this, it has been really usefull to me!

[@memeammo4150]

exactly what i was looking for, perfect vid tysm :)

[@zzzeina3566]

Brilliant. Thank you!

[@sekaib5305]

Amazing, thank you!

[@Blancanieves-t3o]

Before I see this video, I couldn't answer for the principle of LTP. So I was searching about LTP but complex terminology was too difficult for me to understand it. Kind and specific explanation is so helpful me that I thank you for your video!! But because I can't use English well... I cannot help but spend a lot of time

[@LittleMissTutuz]

thank you so much, final exam for one of my neuroscience courses is tmrw!! last minute cramming haha

[@manutendo43]

You are a genius (from France)

[@elenabrotto9946]

Thank you!

[@qasimhashmi7512]

really helpful thanks a lot :)

[@amy_w_]

very clear, thank you!!

[@kristianj.salasespinoza3582]

Thank you so much 👍🏽

[@ΜαριαΣυμεωνιδου-σ1φ]

perfect

[@sablethompson1212]

Wow thank you!

[@greenBATTOSAIrage8]

Any chance I can some references for this video?

[@carmenrasquinigrassiotofil1517]

nice video!!!

[@songohan393]

thank you

[@digitiminimi5730]

ssooo why hyperpolarization of the cell mem isn't the main reason for NMDA receptors opening?? NBME wise

[@HafizahHoshni]

Thank you so much! 24/7/2019 😁

[@alexandraramirez8842]

Nada receptors and memory

[@mousaaltyeeb4748]

ممكن اعرف أسماء Nmda و Ampa كامل

[@kari.m5038]

YEET

[@szapio8480]

Doesn't nmda receptor require glutamate and glycine to get rid off magnesium ?

[@nicolasalexsander1966]

When the glutamate bonds to the NMDA along side the slightly depolarization of the neuron by the AMPA, then the magnesium block is turned off

[@szapio8480]

@@nicolasalexsander1966 From wiki "The opening and closing (gating) of the NMDA receptor is complex. While it is primarily a ligand-gated channel, it does display weaker voltage-dependence modulation of the ligand-dependent gating. The ligand gating requires co-activation by two ligands: glutamate and either D-serine or glycine."

[@br0kenclocks]

@@szapio8480 NMDARs can only be activated in the presence of both glutamate and glycine (which is released from nearby glial cells), so in order for calcium/sodium to be able to enter, glycine would have to bind and the magnesium block would have to be removed by depolarisation

[@Hellastorytella]

Anyone here from NBME?

[@AustinNguyenMD]

NBME 21... SMH

[@mallick658]

Glad I'm not alone ;(

[@udaman100]

Jesus fuck this is so confusing...

[@mousaaltyeeb4748]

ممكن اعرف أسماء Nmda و Ampa كامل