An American Globalist - Cordell Hull - WW2 Biography Special

[@WorldWarTwo]

That Pearl Harbor happened effectively means that diplomatic efforts to reconcile the US and Japan were unsuccessful. However, it remains an interesting proposition to analyse the diplomatic checkpoints on the road to war and discover how close, if at all, these two countries were to avoiding war. Was diplomacy really futile? Before commenting, please do read our rules of conduct here: community.timeghost.tv/t/rules-of-conduct/4518

[@FrankDad]

World War Two stop dropping spoilers Indy!

[@QuizmasterLaw]

"Was diplomacy really futile?" Yes. Once the oil embargo was started the clock was ticking and Japan had basically no choice but to go to war and the quicker the better. The steel embargo and machine tool embargo also hurt Japan but it was the oil embargo that tipped the war cabinet into power. Given the way Japan waged war in China I do think the war was inevitable even back in the 1930s. But the last chance to avert it passed once the oil embargo was on.

[@Henry-ee4sm]

A small correction: at 7:26, November is misspelt.

[@astrobullivant5908]

The limited diplomacy was bound to fail because one can never be perpetually diplomatic with someone whose ultimate goal is the conquest or domination of him, unless diplomacy convinces one to change goals. The goals of Fascism were conquest and domination though, so the only diplomacy that could have worked was to convince Japan to abandon Fascism. However, Hull didn't have the power to do that.

[@MarkVrem]

Japan knew war with the United States was inevitable all the way back in the 1930s. It is one of the reasons they were industrializing Manchuria, which would be deemed safe from any American bomber planes that might be stationed in the Philippines. Manchuria was supposed to be an example state to places like the Philippines, Vietnam, Indonesia. Colonial places currently under European rule. Japan basically saying under Japanese rule, we will invest in you, not exploit you. The Pan-Asiaism concept I believe.

[@CaptainGyro]

I'm 76 and can remember when he was a player on the world stage. Great video as always.

[@QuizmasterLaw]

WOW. Please tell us all about your thoughts in this and other videos because you are history.

[@maryjeanfloyd4449]

That is sort of mean

[@devotownproductions9652]

@@maryjeanfloyd4449 Probably didn’t intend to come off rude

[@jasondouglas6755]

Hull: Hay Japan Japan: what? Hull:Oil Japan: I don’t get it? Hull: Exactly

[@AbrahamLincoln4]

Lol

[@julienvalley28]

No oil?

[@Tadicuslegion78]

FDR: Now Cordell, you are to be my Secretary of State. Cordell Hull: An actual secretary with authority or just a chair warmer to rubber stamp fluff documents while you do all the real work? FDR: Yes

[@Daniel-kq4bx]

I never realized that Pacific War is a weird word combination

[@kchishol1970]

That ocean only got that name because Magellan was improbably lucky to get across it so smoothly that he was wrongly convinced it was like that all the time, hence the name Pacific for "Peaceful."

[@Duke_of_Lorraine]

The ocean itself is fine. It's all the seismic activity all around it that's the problem

[@pauleohl]

@@kchishol1970 I had heard that Balboa gave the Pacific its name when he crossed the Isthmus of Panama and saw a calm ocean. We can never know.

[@klavakkhazga3996]

@@pauleohl Núñez de Balboa called it "Mar del Sur", south sea. Pacific comes from Magalhaes

[@randyphillips2263]

Like "Civil War"

[@pauleohl]

The clip was the first time I heard the voice of Cordell Hull.

[@Superbl0bby]

man he's got a captivating voice

[@stevekaczynski3793]

@@SSN515 Southern accent, he was born in Tennessee.

[@IchWillNicht0119]

@@SSN515 You're right. Microphones at that time had trouble capturing lower frequencies and amplitudes, so public speakers compensated by speaking at a higher pitch and at an exaggerated diction.

[@jaojao1768]

@@IchWillNicht0119 then again audio technology had developed quite a lot by the '30s, for example Orson Welles was a celebrity at the time who had a quite deep voice

[@IchWillNicht0119]

@@jaojao1768 Indisputable. And Hull might have a naturally higher voice than average. But I would also like to add that diffusion of said technology (temporally and spatially) in that time period had greater inertia. People held on to their gadgets for much longer so I would believe the vast majority of those trained for radio and broadcast wouldn't be so quick as to abandon mitigating techniques for less advanced microphones and speakers. The music of the 50s and early 60s is evidence to this gradual advancement.

[@gianniverschueren870]

Very classy tie. Simple, but the strong colours and classic pattern work well together. 3.5/5

[@ryanjapan3113]

Just curious, are you guys planning on doing a bio about his Japanese counterpart(s) Kichisaburō Nomura and Saburō Kusuru?

[@theseeker8933]

No

[@jaojao1768]

I would like one about Fumimaro Konoe or Prince Higashikuni

[@ryanjapan3113]

@@jaojao1768 yes

[@jaojao1768]

Or even Kanji Ishiwara

[@ryanjapan3113]

@@jaojao1768 yes

[@shadowghost181998]

4:46: Nasal voices were to politicians and reporters in the 1940s as Battles of the Isonzo were to Luigi Cadorna.

[@WhiteCamry]

That was the classic Southern Baptist Fire-and-Brimstone Week-of-Sundays Preacher voice. Before sound systems, anyway.

[@HandleGF]

"Hey Cordell! Why don't you push him in? You can always say it was me."

[@danielcadwell9812]

That's exactly what I was thinking

[@Ronald98]

where's that quote from?

[@HandleGF]

@@Ronald98 Hannibal... where, upon Lecter's suggestion, the man in the white coat dumps Mason Verger into the pig ring.

[@741al6]

CORDEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEELLLLLLLLL

[@davidschaftenaar6530]

I like that you guys included that clip from one of his speeches, hearing someone's voice and speaking style really helps to bring them to life as far as I'm concerned. On a side-note: Did you know that there's a voice recording of Otto von Bismarck? They discovered it recently among Edison's phonograph recordings.

[@ashleybrooks565]

Japan: "Ha look at Germany invading the USSR, we're not that dumb." Also Japan: "Hey lets go poke the American Eagle while they sleep."

[@Ronald98]

America : NOW YOU F*CKED UP!

[@_Braised]

More like 'Let's go poke the US... and the Dutch... and the British... all while invading China at the same time"

[@dr.lyleevans6915]

I think Japanese invasion of China is more like that

[@PMMagro]

Japan is far worse. Unable to end the war in China or get control of Mot off China Japan declares war on the USA (teh main Pacific rival) and the the UK. An island nation already locked in an overseas war declares war on the two strongest naval powers on Earth. UK at the time US with economy to rebuild any losses 8and not occupied elseweher as the UK).

[@adder95]

@@PMMagro it was hopeless situation anyway. Neither China nor Russia far east had oil (at that time). After American embargo, the only way out was a quick knockout of US in order to secure oil in Dutch east indie

[@lukes9550]

As a Tennessean, it's always a pleasant surprise to see fellow Tennesseans in a historical context. Keep up the great work!

[@andygossard4293]

-Antagonist to the Japanese -Globalist, likely illuminati -founder of United Nations -passive enemy of Jews fleeing Germany -impressive resume eh?

[@JagerLange]

This is not the first time I have clicked on a video about Cordell Hull probably faster than is necessary.

[@tomjustis7237]

As a history buff I knew about Hull's role as Secretary of State and his negotiations with the Japanese, but I never knew the backstory of his life. Thanks for another interesting and informative presentation which turned a 'historical figure' into an actual human being.

[@seaape1070]

I read in a book about the descions to go to war, can't remember the name, that Hull would have been the perfect American diplomat had he served in any other era other than the one he did. He had one if the most unenviable jobs in American history. Keep up the great work WW2 team!

[@potato88872]

Usa "No States have right to interfere internal or external of other states" Also Usa: let's mess with the world politics Usa again: Let's mess with our politcs this time around.

[@thegarfield2414]

If the US would not mess with world politics, there would be somebody else who will. If there is nobody able to dictate world politics, countries will fight for that right. That is how major wars starts. This how the world works now, has worked in the past and how it will work in the future.

[@SirWilliamKidney]

I don't understand why thirty people voted this down. I mean, who are these people? Diehard Cordell Hull fans who don't appreciate Indy bringing him up as the wound of his death is too fresh? What could anyone possibly have against this video?

[@Panzer4F2]

You folks do such fantastic work. I particularly appreciate your pronunciation of some people's names and places. Thanks again for the superb work.

[@WorldWarTwo]

You're welcome!

[@cd6xc]

4:03 Is that Getúlio Vargas? He would be a intriguing case for a Biography Special, as he was an authoritarian leader with some fascist sympathies but them turned into a vigorous supporter of the Allies.

[@Danielatt1]

It's not Getúlio Vargas there. I believe it is the military and future president Eurico Gaspar Dutra and the Brazilian diplomat Oswaldo Aranha at the White House.

[@Israel_aXNyYWVs]

It is not Vargas. It is Brazilian Minister of Finance Arthur Souza Costa and Brazilian Ambassador Oswaldo Aranha. Source: www.loc.gov/item/2016883507/

[@cd6xc]

Thanks guys

[@rodrigomoreira1596]

I'm sure he will talk about him later in the war

[@stevekaczynski3793]

Latin American heads of state needed to take account of American reaction to their policies and once a certain event took place they decided that being pro-Axis could be unhealthy. In the 1930s, the head of police in Brazil, Filinto Müller, made no secret of his Nazi sympathies (he was of German descent, as his name suggests). Controversially, the Brazilian government extradited Olga Benario, a German Jewish Communist, back to Nazi Germany, where she was killed in 1942. But Müller was sidelined after Pearl Harbor.

[@QuizmasterLaw]

Cordell Hull displayed more diplomatic acumen in the toilet than Ribbentorp did at a fine high table.

[@joelellis7035]

Basically, everyone thought that war was on the horizon and inevitable. The Hull note basically confirmed to Tojo what he thought the US would do and further justified the operation he had initiated.

[@hscollier]

My grandfather (1891-1962), and my father (1924-1986), were WWI and WWII vets respectively, and both hated Cordell Hull with a passion and I don’t remember why. They were both Southern Democrats, so I don’t remember it having anything to do with party politics. I was watching this to see if something here would jog my memory. Still a mystery. 🤷🏼‍♂️ Very good episode though!

[@billythehillbilly7542]

Both of my grandfather's were from Kentucky and couldn't stand Hull either. My dad's father was a Republican (1905-1983) and moms dad was an FDR man (1912-1990). Neither would ever give a reason for their dislike. I remember others from that generation that didn't like him either. I can only conclude that he was just one of those politicians that the American public couldn't get rid of.

[@QuizmasterLaw]

the majority of U.S. citizens at that time were isolationists who wanted nothing to do with Europe's wars which many of them had literally fled. Cordell Hull wasn't having it. Neither was FDR. And so now we have Trump. Really.

[@NamVetBuck]

@@QuizmasterLaw No, now we have an incompetent moron with blood on his hands, and not one sentient thought in his cranial vacuum chamber, that abandoned Americans in Afghanistan. Time to impeach Biden !

[@SebastianGuevara-tf8gn]

⁠​⁠​⁠@@billythehillbilly7542Why Did You’re Grandparents Disliked President Franklin D.Roosevelt’s Secretary Of State Cordell Hull? There Should’ve Been A Reason For Their Hatred For Cordell Hull!! And Also Why Would They Hate Hull If In My Opinion During WW2 1939-1945, He Didn’t Conduct The War The Generals On The Ground & The President Conducted The War, I Believe That Cordell Hull Was Just Excluded By Not Having Any Participation In Meetings, Discussions With The Three Leaders Churchill, Roosevelt, And Stalin, And I Also Believe That Roosevelt Just Set Him Aside And Ran His Foreign Policy During WW2 From The White House Instead From The State Department, He Also Had His Close Aides Who Advised Him On Foreign Policy Issues Such As Henry Dexter White, Harry Hopkins, Alger Hiss, And His Own VP Vice President Henry Wallace, And Sumner Wells I Believe Who Was A Diplomat And A State Department Official Compared To Dexter White And Harry Hopkins, Also Hull Was An Old Man He Was Way Older Than Roosevelt Himself He Was Born In 1871 In Olympus, Tennessee, United States 🇺🇸 And Passed Away On July 23, 1955 In Washington D.C, United States 🇺🇸 At The Age Of 83 Years Old.

[@ottovalkamo1]

Hull is basically like Grover Cleveland in the 1900s. Diplomatic, anti-tariff and pro free trade and anti imperialistic. Grover Cleveland was a respectable president.

[@dr.lyleevans6915]

Those qualities aren’t inherently good though

[@ottovalkamo1]

@@dr.lyleevans6915 arguable, before Cleveland's second term, the economy went to shit during Benjamin Harrison's term and the Panic of 1893. Cleveland didn't want to be imperialistic in Africa or South- and Central America, unlike the European powers and just wanted free trade and no tariffs.

[@tlaw14ap]

It was such a treat seeing this video. I grew up in Tennessee and heard stories of Cordell Hull. There is a Dam and several roads named after him and he was a personal hero of mine growing up.

[@andygossard4293]

So where's the Cordell Hull Wastewater Management facility located?

[@georgigeorgiev4871]

I want to commend you guys for making such a nice and interesting video that merges economy and history in a very nice way.

[@WorldWarTwo]

Thank you for your kind words!

[@naveenraj2008eee]

Hi Indy and team Interesting episode.. Enjoyed it. Thanks.🙏👍

[@g__wizz]

i think the biggest thing to take from all of this. "economic dissatisfaction breeds war"

[@maryjeanfloyd4449]

Sooo good taught my daughter more than I could

[@WorldWarTwo]

Glad she learned something new! Thank you both for being fans!

[@maximilianolimamoreira5002]

hello everyone, hope you are fine and well.✌🏻

[@kglguy]

And you, as well.

[@maximilianolimamoreira5002]

@@kglguy sometimes I wonder, if most people named Jason are named in a homage to that Greek hero of Ancient Greece, or to that murderer

[@alektyburk5295]

Wait there's a war in the Pacific?..... Spoiler Alert.

[@gordybing1727]

Hi All, During this time, "braceros", people from Mexico, came to the US to work in agriculture. This subject deserves a show all its own. However, it affected why the "Hamburg" was turned away. Thanks, take care.

[@propagandalf577]

Just commenting for youtube's algorithm. Great work!

[@devinrichards4559]

Honestly I think a cool figure to do a biography special on would be Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson.

[@taufiqutomo]

The biography series once did a video about a battleship, and one day there will be a video about a bear.

[@donavonwayne1102]

I really like your style.how you just get right to it. The rythm is good. Very good job

[@WorldWarTwo]

Thanks for the compliment Donavon, we appreciate your comment and you watching the video.

[@chrisvickers7928]

The MS St Louis was an issue of shame for Canada as well. A prominent group of Torontonians lobbied the government to accept the refugees. At the time the St Louis was 2 days from Halifax. Mackenzie King (the PM) was out of town but asked officials in Ottawa. The government involved thought immigration of Jewish refugees was not desirable.

[@porksterbob]

This one missed a step with Hull's negotiations with Japan. Key to the US position was that Japan not be in a position to attack the Soviets.

[@marinbaldic1933]

his memoirs are a great read

[@NNN_613]

The way Japan behaved before and during the war really puts into perspective the way it ended.

[@eamonnprunty]

Timeghost my question is before the time of near instant translation, like with what we see in the UN today with headphones and interpreters speaking through the headphones, how did the speeches of plenipotentiaries get translated to the other delegates? For example in the video at 5:05 , cordell hull is speaking in English, presumably to an audience of delegates from latin america. How do they comprehend his speech and then propose counter terms if necessary?

[@MrNicoJac]

Just replace today's headphones with old school telephones to the same bunch of interpreters, and you have your answer? 😅

[@stevekaczynski3793]

Consecutive interpretation was normal in those days. He would do his spiel in English presumably and then someone would repeat it in Spanish. Perhaps he broke the speech up into chunks to make this easier. He may have given prepared translations of his speech in advance so they would know what to expect. Things were less spontaneous in those days, no 24-hour news cycle. Simultaneous interpretation only came in in the 1940s, with an early example being the Nuremberg trials. Goering reckoned the simultaneous interpretation there shortened the trial considerably, and also his own life, as he took a death sentence for granted.

[@eamonnprunty]

@@stevekaczynski3793 thank you steve i appreciate it.

[@jaojao1768]

@@stevekaczynski3793 good explanation!

[@jameswells554]

I am conflicted as to my personal feelings towards my Great-Great Uncle. Most don't know he was receiving correspondence from his Niece who studying in Germany and was involved with the White Rose, and was a near twin of Sophie. My Grandmother escaped Germany mere hours before the Gestapo arrested her friends. My Great Grandfather Halliday flew to Denmark and according to him got her on the plane as the Gestapo got to the Gate. We still have letters she sent where she writes about "This new Fuhrer; he has a strange magnetism, and is making incredible changes and progress; but there is something wrong about him, and I don't trust him."

[@wabberjacky9951]

I guess we are related then , family is from jamestown TN , I believe he would have been a cousin to me . Last name Hull .

[@jameswells554]

@@wabberjacky9951 we most likely are via the Hallidays and Nelsons from Virginia.

[@williamstellmann]

You should read "To Wake the Giant" by Jeff Shaara. It covers Hull's actionsvery well along with POVs from Yamamoto and a Sailor on the Arizona.

[@kjj26k]

Interesting what Hull said about Tariffs and War at 2:14. Since it's basically opposite in this most recent war.

[@brokenbridge6316]

Nice video you people make. It was quite informative. Great job.

[@Sturminfantrist]

Looks like your He-177A is now missing the Rudder

[@dragosstanciu9866]

Cordell Hull was one of the few US diplomats who opposed the occupation of Eastern Europe by the USSR after the war.

[@Newmanni82]

Could you make episode like this about Marshall of Finland Garl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim. Just a wish. Thanks for the awesome channel!

[@Sheehan1]

Edward Wood = Lord Halifax

[@Alftura]

You going to do a video on Wendell Wilkie as well?

[@stevekaczynski3793]

Few people were welcoming Jewish refugees at the time. The British tried not to take on any who were not sponsored in some way - they did not want them coming to Britain and adding to the joblessness figures or taking away jobs from native British. At the outbreak of war a great many who were admitted to Britain were rounded up as enemy aliens, which they were, despite their hostility to the Third Reich. A Turkish newspaper cartoon in 1938 or 1939 ridiculed Jewish refugees - it depicted a ship approaching the coast of Turkey flying male underwear as a flag as well as a flag with a question mark on it, alluding to Jews having questionable national identity. A spokesman of the Jews on board the ship shouts to Turks on shore, "Let us ashore for just five minutes so we have the opportunity to make ourselves rich!"

[@mr_mmelk2230]

I would love an episode on the refugees that America turned away and where they ended up. Love your content.

[@QuizmasterLaw]

It's Cordell Hull's world. We just live in it.

[@kirbyculp3449]

Dean Acheson's world.

[@dr.lyleevans6915]

Carlin W.’s world He’s the real world John Galt

[@kalashnikovdevil]

Hull's not wrong. The two sole causes of war are economic and population pressure.

[@dr.lyleevans6915]

Could be resources; economic means do not necessarily guarantee these things, especially in a world full of major tension and lacking a world superpower not only guaranteeing safety of all commercial maritime traffic, but actively facilitating it via reserve currency etc. (US) Also ambitious leadership can cause it, being undermined/manipulated by foreign and/or domestic interests, growing potential threats and the perceived need to stop them before they have the power to destroy you, religious things (think crusades or islamic conquests), spreading ideology (think communism during the Cold War), perceived moral/ethical reasons (think Vietnamese invasion of Pol Pot’s Khmer Rouge Cambodia), establishing freedom from tyrannical rule (US war of independence, US Civil War), entangling alliances (WW1 in general), being a neutral but invaded country, but used as a pathway to the invader’s target (Belgium in WW1/2), proxies caught in larger power struggles (US in Vietnam, Netherlands/Denmark/Greenland in WW2, Korean War, attempting to settle domestic issues a leader may choose to ignite a foreign conflict at it has the tendency to strengthen a nation’s resolve, ethnic pride, all sorts of reasons for civil war, expanding borders, gain strategic ground, force capitulation on other grounds, failure of diplomacy, perceived threat of imminent attack from someone else etc. That’s just off the top of my head. Some are related, but still

[@humblethrone8480]

Great episode as usual i would love to see a video on Mikalos Horthey or Pal Teleki

[@harpomarx7777]

Thanks for turning that music off @ 1:56, Indy. Why was it on in the first place?

[@johnb332]

At 8:48 a reporter with pencil and paper steps out to ask Ambassador Nomura a question. Could that reporter be a young Walter Cronkite?

[@stevekaczynski3793]

It looks like him.

[@hughmckendrick3018]

Love this content, more please.

[@robertalaverdov8147]

0:08 Spoiler Alert!

[@romaniacountryball]

Only I think he looks like Leslie Nielsen?

[@hannahskipper2764]

Hull *thinking* I know those fools are gonna attack. I just know it!

[@lukes9550]

Hi Andy! If I may make a suggestion, I'd love to see an episode on America's ambassador to Nazi Germany

[@magmasajerk]

Will there be another video later about the role of Hull in establishing the UN?

[@WorldWarTwo]

That will be covered in the weekly videos and War Against Humanity when the UN is founded this coming January 1942... astonished? Wait and see 😉

[@magmasajerk]

@@WorldWarTwo Nice, thanks!

[@WWiiIEB]

please notice me. big fan

[@sirllamaiii9708]

Noticed

[@WorldWarTwo]

Thank you for your support!

[@dr.lyleevans6915]

Hey! Senpai noticed you!

[@GregorydavidMck]

Have you done, or are you planning to do, an episode on the McCollum Memo?

[@deddbebbb5196]

no finger guns were fired in the making of this video or in Cordell Hull's negotiations!

[@Captainflake99]

Hey. The photo you put up for the British ambassador to the us looked a lot like Halifax rather than wood

[@emeiri1]

I agree. This is the image that wikipedia uses for Lord Halifax: upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/1st_Earl_of_Halifax_1947.jpg/330px-1st_Earl_of_Halifax_1947.jpg

[@Captainflake99]

@@emeiri1 ah I thought I was going crazy. Well I have just done a proper Google and they are the same person, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Wood,_1st_Earl_of_Halifax. I Probably should have looked here first 😂

[@emeiri1]

@@Captainflake99 Hmmm... quite right. However, I still think the name 'Lord Halifax' is more widely used. Indy - didn't you see "Darkest Hour" ??

[@aceelectriccompany1181]

Indie I enjoys all the videos. But, may I be so bold as to offer a bit of constructive criticism? Thanks. It concerns the knot in your period neckties. I believe that you should be using a tightly tied four in hand knot. It looks like you use a half Windsor. If you look at the pics you show of the period I think you will agree. The half or full Windsor seems to go with top coats and silk hats of the the embassy types. Check out Hull's tie in the pic behind you. :)

[@-few-fernando11]

Montevideo Uruguay Yay!

[@marcelsirer]

YAY second time We appear on the show XD

[@JoseFernandez-qt8hm]

FDR in Trinidad When Roosevelt came to the Land of the hummingbird Shouts of welcome were heard Hummingbird, hummingbird, hummingbird His visit to their island is bound to be An epoch in local history Definitely marking the new era Between Trinidad and America We understand that the president had just been On a visit to Brazil and the Argentine With Mr Cordell Hull in attendance There they took part in a peace conference Struck by his modest style We were intrigued by the famous Roosevelt smile In fact everybody was glad To welcome Roosevelt to Trinidad We were privileged to see the democratic President of the great republic With his charm and his genial personality And his wonderful urbanity To stop war and atrocity And make the world safe for democracy The greatest event of the century In the interest of suffering humanity Port of Spain threw open her gates To the President of the United States In fact everybody was glad To welcome Roosevelt to Trinidad

[@beaverfeaver664]

Lets go Uruguay

[@cletus223]

Will you be getting into theories about American foreknowledge of the Pearl Harbor attack? There's an investigation (I don't remember if started before the end of the war or not) and Stinnett wrote a whole book about it.

[@ronclark9724]

It is like what he surmised at the end, there were many other locations higher on the list than Hawaii or Pearl Harbor... All on that long list were attacked...

[@peterconnell2496]

In the conclusion he notes Hawaii wasnt up there on Hull's list of targets Maybe I am wise after the event but it seems obvious from japans demands and needs that they needed to do exactly what they did do... The biggie being oil, which meant a series of secure conquests south to ~Indonesia (stage 1 being their unsubtle moves on indochina), neutralising the americans on the conquest's flank in the philippines, & the us navy at pearl. the toughest & most wounding being Pearl, so best to make the most of the surprise opening act on that. Staling knew they were headed south via Sorge, so he was able to withdraw huge forces from the far east to fight the germans.

[@CloseUp1961]

Cordell Hull was hoodwinked by the Japanese duplicity, and it is also so real

[@chiladee67]

he’s not from Overton county. Totally different district and about a 30 minute drive from where he was actually born. cool to see a vid about someone represent tennessee in a big way tho 👍🏻

[@philbrown6787]

great job

[@christophergreenfield2785]

Good job old chap from across the pond

[@Joker-yw9hl]

Man was ahead of his time

[@robot-he6nq]

Surprised you haven't done one for FDR yet

[@exnihilo5087]

I have a feeling that they'll do the 'big guys' near the end.

[@exnihilo5087]

@Art Anson Public works projects are apolitical in terms of Left-Right.

[@TheBreadB]

Will we get specials on Japanese invasion plans, military situation, logistics etc?

[@brianwhite2104]

7:24 Noveber

[@williamneumyer7147]

The whole thing was a big snafu. At the military end, Kimmel had no imagination and Short was a dinosaur. They should have had much more explicit instructions from Stark and Marshall. See "At Dawn We Slept" and "Pearl Harbor: The Verdict of History" by Gordon Prange, et al.

[@leonardolongolippera7588]

As a south american I must say he was extremely right about trade policies, extremely harsh imports tariffs from the us was one of the main reasons a military junta overthrow the young democracy that had been stablished just 20 years ago

[@stefa4013]

Damn how was he so successful at such a young age hahaha

[@ottovalkamo1]

Wealthy parents I assume. Back in the 1880s and the era of railway tycoons, if your family had money, you could just buy yourself a position in the state politics or at a huge corporation.

[@DM-dn7rf]

@@ottovalkamo1 Actually he was born into a poor family.

[@jaojao1768]

In Konoe's peace proposal there was also an end to the Asian Exclusion Act

[@WhiteCamry]

But why did Cuba refuse the St. Louis refugees at all?

[@adonizi]

Maybe Cuba would become a new go to destination for war refugees.

[@sorrel7554]

9:18 shoutout to the ussr for being the only country to have a color other than red, white, or blue in their flag.

[@murrayterry834]

wss he with cfr?

[@derekscott5938]

4:00 signing not siging

[@indianajones4321]

Pacific War around the corner? Nah the war will be over this Christmas

[@ScooterWeibels]

Oh that article 8 that the U.S. will not intervene in domestic affairs of Latin America. LOL

[@smbrules]

Here's to hoping for Henry Stimson in the future.

[@asdfghjk6493]

Alex Jones shaking rn

[@mgbismark3985]

Nothing about the Hull Ultimatum?

[@jameshulljohnson4142]

What a great man. He was my 5th cousin.

[@WorldWarTwo]

That's quite interesting

[@jaojao1768]

9:12 how come ye used the military flag rather than the national flag of Japan?

[@zacherybarger6591]

I honestly do not now how the St.Louis situation could have been avoided differently if the state department new what was already happening by that time in Europe. But it feels that things could have been different had they not returned to Germany awaiting for them the nightmares that would the concentration camps.

[@pauleohl]

Saint Louis story I read in a Jewish newspaper many years ago. The Jews had already paid fees/bribes to the Cubans for entry. When the Saint Louis arrived the Cuban satrap wanted more. A Jewish spokesman on the ship attempted to strike a bargain for a smaller extra bribe but the Cuban stood firm and the whole deal fell through. Don't know any more or how much of the story is true.

[@sirmeowthelibrarycat]

🤔 I suggest you read about the decisions taken by the delegates at the Evian conference concerning the status of Jewish refugees and the effect on those aboard the St Louis. The one government that offered shelter to these refugees was the Dominican Republic. But the US government . . . huffed, so need I say more?

[@stevekaczynski3793]

@@sirmeowthelibrarycat The Dominican Republic felt that Jews were white and wanted more of them to offset blacks in the population. Haitians from the other half of the island were systematically murdered - the "Parsley Massacre". History is a complex subject.

[@mraafi863]

Imagine if Japan accepted US offer on gathering resources from Dutch's East Indies, makes me wonder whats gonna my country be today

[@Legitpenguins99]

Alex Jones has entered the chat

[@shatterquartz]

Strange that in hindsight everyone agrees that refusing entry to the refugees of the Saint Louis was a tragically misguided decision motivated by rank xenophobia; yet our countries do the same to newer waves of refugees also fleeing certain death. Our grandchildren will see us for what we were.