Ankle & Subtalar Joint Motion Function Explained Biomechanic of the Foot - Pronation & Supination

Biomechanic Reference: astore.amazon.com/nichogiovi-20
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Dr. Glass DPM Podiatry Resource Network
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This video illustration depicts the ankle joint complex which includes the tibial talar and subtalar joint in human anatomy.
Dr. Glass DPM - This is an illustration that depicts the cardinal plane movements of the lower extremity. This is a biomechanical demonstration of the functional orthopedic nature of podiatry

[@martianrocket]

Thank you Dr Glass for your effort to illustrate this complex part of the human anatomy.

[@Muuip]

Excellent presentation! Our anatomie is simply amazing.

[@Dfhjjfdxgnk]

Amazingly concise and well articulated explanation of ankle biomechanics! I like your fast rate of speech, it is helping me improve my fluency with ankle terminology. It complements my coursework beautifully.

[@010ChrisisCool]

this animation is incredibly useful! thank you!

[@bingobangobongo5]

Great video. Good speed of audio too, gets the information out quickly and clearly. Screw those plebs below that don't know how to use a pause button. I came to visually learn about how the bones function throughout movement and you gave me everything I needed. Thank you!!

[@biomechanicsconcept9428]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZpuYl6KJitxkaK8 gait quadriceps

[@enoforewopeht]

These videos have been helpful during some of my teaching in our Orthopedic Residency program for physical therapy students and residents!

[@sarahjanewalls7210]

Really got a lot from this. I am Podiatry student so this was spot on. Speed I found ideal - I generally have to speed videos up as they drive me crazy playing slow

[@MaximumAaron]

I know this is an old video and my use of it has nothing to do with the intent, but I just wanted to comment and say I appreciate the hell out of this video. I've been working on a 3d character for a comic I want to make, and I'm going into WAY too much detail with it(fully rigging all of the bones, muscles, and fat. Most of it will never be seen in the finished product, I just like knowing it's all there). I refuse to make all of the foot bones act as one static piece, but it's been hard to find reference that shows how the tarsals actually move in relation to each other, until this. This is GOLD.

[@MDHossain-yj4db]

For those complaining about the VIDEO SPEED. On the lower right corner of the video screen, there is a settings button. click on it, then select a slower speed. Thank you Dr. Glass. Very helpful.

[@justpde]

Thanks !!

[@rockngrannyroadwarrior8807]

Thanks. Learn something new every day.

[@gauravsahu9160]

Very informative animation and narration. One of the best I've ever watched.

[@biomechanicsconcept9428]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZpuYl6KJitxkaK8

[@smileandbreathe5315]

That was just incredible (with slower speed ha ha) with everything explained while getting the perfect visual in real time.. BRAVO and THANK YOU!!!

[@emilykuta4512]

THANK YOU. learned more from this video than class!!

[@universalcuriosity]

AMAZING VIDEO AND EXPLANATION!

[@palteonato]

By far this the best video .congrats

[@wildbob]

Excellent. I learned a lot from this.

[@TheVishu27]

Absolutely nailed it!!!!

[@alexcolin949]

I honestly love the complexity of the foot

[@DrGlassDPM]

We hope to be making some more Orthopedic related videos in the future. 3D is a great way to tell the story, indeed. Thanks!

[@ThrowPunches]

Play the video at x0.75 speed... she sounds a bit drunk but it's way more comprehensible and easier to follow than the actual speed

[@biomechanicsconcept9428]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZpuYl6KJitxkaK8

[@Donnamg100]

great detail! thanks!

[@MrKnottyFit]

Saw a Dr snap the subtalar joint on IG so now im convinced I should have been a bone doctor. This is pretty cool!

[@josiedunnington184]

Do you have transcripts for any of your presentations? I think the speed is just fine for individual learners, who can pause, replay, etc. Having a transcript would help with the process, and for quick reference.

[@ryguy985]

Thanks, I'm a Physical therapy student and this is helpful in understanding the complexities of ankle motion.

[@teamtrickceratops2795]

great video. ill watch this every day until i understand

[@functionfirst]

Dr. Glass, this is great stuff! Thank you so much for posting. It is an amazing teaching tool with the visuals.

[@biomechanicsconcept9428]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZpuYl6KJitxkaK8 gait quadriceps

[@biomechanicsconcept9428]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZpuYl6KJitxkaK8 gait quadriceps

[@khushboodalal3587]

beautiful and amazing video..! great help..! thnk u

[@yvettecrites2839]

This was perfect! I broke my ankle & was looking for understanding of ROM and why some ROM hurts and others don't. Thank you for this video!

[@biomechanicsconcept9428]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZpuYl6KJitxkaK8 gait quadriceps

[@LITG7000]

Great videos, great explanation, LOVE THIS, thanks for your time with these

[@biomechanicsconcept9428]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZpuYl6KJitxkaK8 gait quadriceps

[@naturalmovementsystm]

that was a very helpful demonstration, thank you!

[@biomechanicsconcept9428]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZpuYl6KJitxkaK8

[@chelseaguzman4511]

it took me a lot of time to understand what was being said but it was worth it:))) thankss

[@MrCraigblaze]

Thanks for the upload 👍 !! I just had a retrograde ankle fusion 6 months ago !!

[@DrGlassDPM]

Thanks ryguy!. We're currently working on the joints in the forefoot. Stay tuned, because we hope to have the next orthopedics video out before long.

[@Jess-eu4uw]

I actually didn't find it too fast and there's an option to slow down/speed up anyways. Speed was perfect for quick revision! Great video

[@user-tp8od4jd4s]

Great!! Thank you.

[@mathewaz1507]

Sweet! I'm a PT student trying to get normal dorsiflexion back 3 mo after a fibular fracture. The limitation feels like there's more strain in the talofibular jt (anterior ankle) instead instead of in the achilles T.

[@biomechanicsconcept9428]

great video your video quality is also good and explanation way too

[@WrinkleTimeFilms]

Excellent video, though I echo the others who have said that the narration was too quick. I'm on my first leg (so to speak) of my PT training. I wish there was an overall resource like this for personal trainers in training. Thanks for posting this.

[@pooln80]

its just awesome.......................

[@querida1314]

this video is simply awesome!!!! very very helpful! =)

[@kmcapello23]

Wonderful explanation. I've always found the ankle complex to be super confusing due to multiple joints/things happening at forefoot vs midfoot vs rearfoot. After watching this video, it is starting to make sense!!!

[@MrCraigblaze]

I am glad to you it does !! Xd

[@asimazizwaqas]

Intelligent design!!

[@maxjunaid7407]

For subtalar joint: OS: open chain supination For OS remember IPAD i.e Inversion, plantarflexion, adduction OP:open chain Pronation For OP Remember EDAB i.e eversion, dorsiflexion, abduction CS: closed chain supination For CS remember IDAB i.e inversion, dorsiflexion, abduction CP: closed chain Pronation For CP remember EPAD i.e eversion ,plantarflexion, adduction. Hope this helps if you get question from subtalar biomechanics in NPTE

[@kavijawa]

very helpful

[@kweelingliew7930]

Ankle examination

[@AyshaVA]

Thanks a lot for this.

[@otiskylo1038]

i know it's kinda off topic but do anybody know of a good place to stream newly released series online?

[@78ylo]

Cool!! We are amazingly made!! :)

[@Therealzerocool]

Gracias por el video ¡ Thanks for the video, its very helpfull.

[@henrycfronc3943]

I've been a practicing physician for slightly over 34 years.. This presentations' delivery was FAR too fast for any student or house-staff in training or even fora young graduate to assimilate in any way , much less with any degree of retention.Upon review of other practitioners ' comments which echo my same sentiments , have you considered slowing down the rate of the audio ?? I tried x 3 to listen to this , but finally gave up inspite of the excellent content..

[@DrGlassDPM]

I'm sorry about the speed. I've tried not to repeat those sorts of beginner mistakes with my subsequent work

[@rokhard24seven]

DrGlassDPM I LOVED IT!!! Granted, I'm an SPT (Student of Physical Therapy) in a DPT program. I had to re-watch it a few times to confirm it was inline with my biomechanics note packet and textbook. Great news! It is! :-) Great presentation. Thank you.

[@matthewhornback9933]

+DrGlassDPM Open in VLC and slow the playback speed. I had the same problem, but now I find this video very helpful in my PT program.

[@sallyyendlenson909]

I think the speed is a touch fast, but relatively in line with other educational videos that I have watched. The main issue that I have with this video, which makes it very tough to follow, is that it is a very flat reading. The speaker sounds very robotic and doesn't seem to know the material that she is reading with a level of understanding that she should, if she were to teach it. There isn't enough emphasis in the right spots to elicit "wonder"... which is a big part of learning

[@katherinecalacday2620]

You can adjust the speed to 0.75x in the gear shape button on the lower right side of the youtube video.

[@AndreaGonzalez-dp5uv]

Could this have been any more rushed

[@guri009bajwa1]

True

[@crikeymos22]

@@guri009bajwa1 you can slow it down with the 3 little dots. You’re welcome.

[@biomechanicsconcept9428]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZpuYl6KJitxkaK8

[@biomechanicsconcept9428]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZpuYl6KJitxkaK8 gait quadriceps

[@bryanchabolla195]

I wanted to understand movement of the foot better to apply to my walking but all I got was that calcaneous moves around a stationary talus during pronation and supination, which actually was very useful to me, but I want to apply that to walking.... I will rewatch it in a slower speed. I also recently learned of the transverse arch in the foot and have come to question how weight should be transferred over the toes along the tranzverse arch. In my walking the jointz of my pointer and middle finger fall down and touch the ground and it feels uncomfortable and it begs the question if my feet need strengthening along thay arch. Anyways thanks for the awesome video I didnt think I would find something this informative.

[@DrGlassDPM]

@speedchain111 The software used for these videos is Lightwave 3D by NewTek. It is an all-in-one package, which I love

[@dramatriangle]

Great job! :)

[@giveme10feet]

Great vid...I have no degrees and was able to understand most of it..I did have to whip out the dictonary though...thx.

[@ellankavi]

Hello DrGlass! Thanks for the very informative video. Your website contains some amazing videos and images; are they free to use non-commercially, say for presentations? I am a researcher in the field of prosthesis design and simulation. It'd be helpful if you can let me know which tool/software you used to create this video. Thanks again :)

[@littlehappymonks]

excellent, thanks a lot

[@nanalisebroch3082]

Nice video. Is it practical possible for the subtalar axis to deviate 48 degrees from the frontal plane, at the same time as it deviates 16 degrees from the sagittal plane? The two planes in the video makes 90 degrees to each other. The explanation of the joint motion is perfect!

[@DrGlassDPM]

I'm glad you enjoyed this video. We hope it will be useful to you in your career.

[@ruksih]

loved this - thought that the speaking was a little too fast though... brilliant graphics :)

[@antonior1908]

well explained

[@DrGlassDPM]

@kcampbell10408 Remember: the other joints in the foot will be able to take up the slack once the Subtalar is fused. Not all motion is lost.

[@DrGlassDPM]

@alo0o0sh1 I'm glad you enjoyed it. I hope the exam went well!

[@keyurgandhi4355]

what do you think about eversion exercises for osteoarthritis of knee??are they helpful??

[@DrGlassDPM]

Not neccessarily, Alexander. The hips work in synergy with the muscles of the leg and feet to alter the posture and provide propulsive leverage during walking, etc. In fact, at closed chain ambulation, the calcaneus moves very, VERY, little. Have you ever examined a live flouroscopy of the foot during a gait cycle?

[@DrGlassDPM]

I can agree with your notion, to some extent. I feel it is a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic muscle strength to condition good, functional posture. Hip and core muscle strength are under appreciated in patients and care providers alike.

[@gracelee6876]

This vido is very useful and interesting, but the biomechanics reference URL is not availible. So could you share the reference material again?

[@DrGlassDPM]

@miketysonjunior That's actually my fault. I was fairly new to audio editing back when this video was in production. Hopefully I've gotten a little better since then. Sorry about that

[@DrGlassDPM]

@kenganma I would love to get that underway...

[@speedchain111]

What program are you using to create these wonderful animations?

[@pokegowalking2792]

so, is Dorsi flexion in the Front plane? and axis? because I have a presentation to do and I'm slightly confused of what the plane is

[@DrGlassDPM]

@DavetheMD Thanks Dave! I'm glad it to hear it. :-)

[@DrGlassDPM]

I absolutely agree!

[@DrGlassDPM]

That sounds very impressive. It would be nice to have some references for specific points you may agree or disagree with. I value content which is peer reviewed. I know we can't post links in the comments field, so just list the Pubmed ID#

[@DrGlassDPM]

@TheVishu27 I'm glad you liked it. :-)

[@DrGlassDPM]

@ruksih Thanks. We'll work to improve the voice mastering in future videos. Glad you enjoyed it

[@harshanand1]

good one

[@DrGlassDPM]

I agree a lot with what you are saying. I feel orthotics are able to help many biomechanical scenarios, however, there are some conditions in which they may provide minimal assistance at best. The forces through the hips and upper kinetic components is very powerful. I would like to know which textbooks or published literature you reference for this discussion. My work is derived from Dr. Roots Biomechanics and Valmassy's Textbook.

[@DrGlassDPM]

@luv2bac I'm really glad you enjoyed it. Hope it helps

[@DrGlassDPM]

A full transcript is on the website. The data is published in Valmasseys lower extremity biomechanics.

[@user-ne6vf6jv9v]

great

[@hayutagross4749]

thank u for amazing vidio

[@MrMetalheadtildeath]

@eyesandy1 i need replacements on both very soon.i am pretty scared.i have had two subtalar fusion surgeries and three hardware removal surgeries to take 4in screws out of both.how is your mobility and the pain afterwords.i am 41 and have been hurting since i was 13 from what i thought was cartilage tears,but,it turned out to be birth deformalities.let me know how it went,please. thanks

[@DrGlassDPM]

@janehcro Thank you. I'm hoping to have some more Biomechanics before long.

[@DrGlassDPM]

Thank you

[@Sabina_8]

Видеоряд отличный, но таблица со всеми углами обоих суставов в зависимости от открытой и закрытой цепи сделало бы общую картину более ясной. Качество перевода сети оставляет желать много лучшего.

[@hacker.valles6570]

Excelente 👍🤝👍👍

[@DrGlassDPM]

No, I suggest you review the wikipedia article for Pronation of the Foot. (/Pronation)

[@DrGlassDPM]

Have you considered publishing a controlled study on your findings? Indeed it would be nice to see how well it compares to medical literature.

[@DrGlassDPM]

@DrGlassDPM Motion about an axis is perpendicular to the plane itself.

[@DrGlassDPM]

@querida1314 I'm glad you enjoyed it. -Nick

[@ColtraneDavis]

Nice illustration... :-)

[@auxiliator1975]

art. calcaneonavicularis is a stabilizing joint but the calcaneus moves a lot compared to the tibia, the calceneus moves together with other joints and is connected to a complex kinematic chain. it begins at art. talonavicularis and the cuneiforms where the movement is converted. the calcaneus has an important function in guiding forces from foot to the leg. that's why the calceneus does make little movements, it's stabilizing nature.

[@DrGlassDPM]

@yanny419 Absolutely. I think that would have been a better way to show things. In the later videos for the Lauge Hansen series, I used arrows and visuals a bit more intuitively

[@kaberukavincent6060]

Nice

[@daniel27ad]

How can the video say at 3:06 that open chain occurs with the talus and leg being fixed, and yet I can clearly see the talus moving at that time? I apreciatte the help in advance!!

[@DrGlassDPM]

Daniel Arroyo Good question. The terminology is based on anatomic (and sometimes cadaveric) studies. In this, motion was analyzed from limbs that were "fixed" in a vice or fixated to an apparatus which held the leg steady while the foot was manipulated.

[@skiwhh]

+Daniel Arroyo to do an open chain evaluation of lower joint, you hold the leg and talus fixed to measure the ranges of the subtler joint.

[@GodFuryNA]

One movement that is almost never talked about is the combination of plantar flexion and eversion. This motion is always used when turning while walking or running about.

[@DrGlassDPM]

@cr0uchingtiger This and the cardinal anatomical planes are all we've done. It would be nice to make more of these, but the "DrGlass video podcast is focused on the lower extremity, primarily.

[@catharsis68]

really good animations! very helpful for a PT student. The speech was delivered too quickly though.

[@auxiliator1975]

@5'42'' you say that supination is caused by the calceneus. It is not a cause but a result of endorotation in the hip which causes the knee to rotate inwards with shear on the meniscii and endorotation in the lower leg, the calceneus is forced to go inward and causes the foot to pronate. Also the first toe is predisponed to get in bad 'valgus' position.

[@ahmedsaleh3686]

Great

[@mirceaandreighinea]

one of the best video youtube have ever seen. thank you!! ;-)

[@xThexBestxDamnxThing]

Can you please explain the concave-convex rule of the talocrural joint? Because I think it's pretty difficult than the other joints in our body because of the open en closed chain movements. How is the concave-convex rule in open chain movement and how is it in the closed chain movement?

[@rokhard24seven]

I don't thing this rule applies here since it's a plane joint. That conVex-concave rule applies to the GH where the humeral head is conVex moving on a fixed concave glenoid fossa of scapula.

[@stevenb5778]

Question: What does distal tib fib mob help increase and what does proximal tib fib mob help increase (anterior to posterior)??????????

[@Roadracer987654321]

Would a Subtalar Arthroresis help or worsen Posterior Tibial Tendon Tendonitis in someone who is Flat Footed. ?