Astrophysicist Explains Black Holes in 5 Levels of Difficulty | WIRED

Astrophysicist Janna Levin, PhD, is asked to explain black holes to 5 different people; a child, a teen, a college student, a grad student, and an expert.
Special thanks to our host Janna Levin who’s literally written the book on black holes
‘Black Hole Survival Guide’
www.penguinrandomhouse.com/bo... more science and space insights follow Jann on twitter at @JannaLevin
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Astrophysicist Explains Black Holes in 5 Levels of Difficulty | WIRED

[@milkshook11]

i like how once she gets to the expert it becomes more of a conversation rather than a lesson

[@Obi-Wan_Kenobi62]

A conversation few others can understand 😅

[@Ranger-sl3qq]

The scary thing is Im in my junior year of quantum mechanics and I still had trouble understanding how Hawking radiation escapes black holes

[@hellfun1337]

@@Ranger-sl3qq PBS spacetime made an excellent video on the topic. Also, do you mean you are a third year physics student doing a course in quantum mech, or a 3rd year grad student specifically in quantum mechanics. because those are very different levels of "scary".

[@jeffreyhill1011]

@@Ranger-sl3qq A wizard did it

[@abhishekkanyal9873]

Precisely !!!!

[@Rebelnightwolfe]

1. Child 2. Teen 3. College Student 4. Grad Student 5. Expert 6. The Black Hole (hidden boss)

[@Brightfur10]

I recommend your mimic tear be at least plus 7 for the black hole

[@abderrahimbenmoussa4359]

The black hole must then ask itself "what am I" and that even the wisest might not know so the black hole might be at the child level.

[@TerrelleCheers1]

😂😂😂😂😂😂

[@GlitterC8k]

College*

[@pre2363]

The BEST way to explain it is this: When you throw an object on earth, it gains some distance and falls down to earth. If you throw it hard even harder, it will go to the other side od the earth and sprial in and fall. If you throw it even hard enough, it will go all around the earth and come back to the point you throw it at and will continue to keep in that orbit, and this is called the escape velocity. The same happens with light. If you shoot a laser at the surface, it bends a certain number of degrees towards earth because of the gravity bending the space around it. If the gravity is very strong like it is on a star, the light will bend so much it will spiral in to go hit the ground on the other side of it. Now if the gravity is so strong like in a blackhole (which is a collapsed star) the light it will go all the way around the blackhole and meet back to the point it was launched at. This is the blackhole event horizon. Any closer to the blackhole, means the light will spiral in, hence the phrase "even light can't escape it"

[@StealthyDead]

That teen is wise beyond her years. "I know more and less." That is a statement more true than she realizes. The more you know, the more you realize you don't know.

[@boneheadbill9976]

It's crazy because I've watched a lot on space and I feel like I really don't know any facts. a lot of it is just theories and discussions of what could be possible with the evidence we have.

[@ericmerante8745]

Things we know that we dont know And Things we dont know we dont know -sciencephile

[@belengonzalezprada7928]

Platón dixit

[@luffy8878]

Ehhh I think she was the least wise

[@arthurallaman9956]

@@boneheadbill9976 everyone knows that quote, its easy to act smart with it

[@americano451]

She is so good at explaining. I love how she never dumbed anything down for anyone. Even for the child and the teen, she didn’t act like they were incapable of understanding big words and explanations. But every explanation she gave was easy to understand.

[@15rat]

but they weren't good explanations

[@PeterNooteboom]

"I know more and less" is such a profound statement that so many people have trouble realizing.

[@ShadyForest]

Do you mean the phrase “more or less”?

[@MrRizeAG]

@@ShadyForest no

[@PeterNooteboom]

@@ShadyForest No. The idea she was conveying is that as she learned new things she also realized the topic was way more deep than she previously realized. She learned more, but realized she knew less than she thought she did before. Peoples failure to admit that is why the dunning krueger effect exists.

[@CaddisFlyForAnOldGuy]

Pascal (I think... pretty sure... ish) expressed a similar sentiment in one of my FAVORITE quotes: “Knowledge is like a sphere; the greater its volume, the larger its contact with the unknown.”

[@PeterNooteboom]

@@CaddisFlyForAnOldGuy Wow. I've never heard that one, but I love it.

[@RosiePosieBabie]

The first kid had such a great understanding. I don’t know if I even got it and I’m 23

[@princedoopaloop8712]

It's probably because you are a simple Woman.

[@gondigondi7547]

@@princedoopaloop8712 lmaooooooo😭😭😭

[@cambionkid]

@@princedoopaloop8712 found the person who thinks their genitalia is superior, quickly get the belt!!

[@NeM3sSiS]

I was thinking the same, what a bright kid!

[@Gsjsji_jwjsbs]

U need interest for astronomy for this

[@Robert_Douglass]

What I love about this vid is that she didn't just explain a black hole in terms each of them could understand, but what she actually did was to _elevate_ their understanding of a black hole's mechanics and behaviours. She left each of them basically wondering "How and why did I not already understand this until now?". _That_ is a true teacher.

[@Rebornx19-iz6mh]

I love how they sound very arrogant although their maths are wrong since 96% of the Universe remains unknown

[@rexmundi2986]

Think very carefully before answering this question; how do we know that 96% of the universe is unknown......?

[@pattmahiney]

@@rexmundi2986 because we know what we know and we don't what we can't. It's really that simple... 😂😂 But fr, I'd love to see the mental gymnastics of someone actually trying to answer your question lol. It's like saying, "we've measured what we can't measure so we know exactly how much we haven't measured." Like honestly, how would we come up with that lol... 96%. That's wild. It seems so arbitrary. Anyway, thanks for that. I hope the commenter above you replies. I'm ready to hear it 😂

[@shyper17]

​@@rexmundi2986Do we?

[@bruhno1545]

@@Rebornx19-iz6mh its funny how YOUR maths is wrong becuz no way you came up with 96% becuz u obviously didnt calculate everything known and unknown about the universe and formed the percentage, imagine being critical of someone and then doing the exact same thing the next second, huge men moment. I think u all should just stop coming up with random numbers that popped up in ur brain, its so exhausting

[@mkeerkens]

I think the child level is still too complex. You can't use words like "thermonuclear" when describing a black hole to a layperson, let alone a child. My dad's a nuclear physicist and I am always having to tell him that what he thinks is a very basic explanation assumes someone has a core knowledge of physics.

[@valkriecain856]

I'm a physics graduate. I think it's ok to use key words like that when explaining concepts. dont use too many but few exposes people to new words.

[@chilled_crickett2838]

@@valkriecain856 I think it sparks that curiosity. I also think we missed out on a lot of the interviews. No way in 3 minutes each of them had a new understanding that is almost opposite of what they thought. I would have to assume that it was the highlights of the conversation of what the person thinks differently about black holes at this point child: So what is Thermonuclear - lets look it up

[@hyunryu6077]

That is because it shouldn't be called ''child'' level. Not only is it disrespectful to assume a child can't be more educated on the topic than the example they showed in the video, but also simply wrong. It's not ''too complex'', since a child's knowledge on the matter can vary. Also, it doesn't matter what words you use as long as you can make sure the person you're talking to understands.

[@irony_2]

Well, she immediately corrected by just saying fuel… why you gotta be this way man

[@irony_2]

Probably just wanted to tell people about your dad, but thats fine, just drop the completely unnecessary criticism

[@FootyDoesForensics]

I thought I was an science geek but after hearing this I'm on the level of a child.

[@lordmaximillius3431]

You haven’t even scratched the surface!

[@trentondickey9061]

Personally start studying. The more knowledge the better. But you also realize how little you know.

[@jdkhaos4983]

I know more and more about less and less ;) I've been studying astrophysics for 5 years now, at a pace much faster than traditional education, and every day I learn something new and learn about how little humans really understand.

[@radnakse_mada]

@@trentondickey9061 I think he just exaggerate it. What he meant might be, he know not much about blackholes and all. I'm sure everyone who think they're a science geek will know what is hawking radiation.

[@hiteshverma1786]

@@radnakse_mada my teacher once explained it in 11th grade it was a phenomenon where a black hole losses mass very very slowly and the lost mass released in form of radiation i dont know something like this

[@mark-ish]

Jude is clearly a well read/taught child. Showing great potential!

[@miospio]

Very smart kid

[@trinalps]

I'm sure his parent made sure he was at his absolute best for the cameras lol

[@Manasvita]

Dr fff free DIY

[@sirbrocco1921]

@@trinalps Isn’t that a girl?

[@Pmtyler]

While yes they were smart. Many children today are a lot smarter than years ago due to KZbin and the internet.

[@AAR9AV]

The joy you experience while having a conversation with a person who has the same interests and level of understanding, reflects in Dan's smile.

[@sarasasa_]

Being able to explain such a concept to different people using different words and complexity clearly shows that that person really knows what she is talking about

[@HiDefOuch]

Kudos to that kid...he was really sharp with picking up on that explanation really fast.

[@iwinrar5207]

hey @youtube do something about the bots... This is getting ridiculous....

[@juststevoo]

Yeah, really seeing his whole perspective change so quickly and him being so open to learning just shows how intelligent he really is.

[@gabor6259]

Or maybe they cut the video that way. But let's be positive.

[@mark-ish]

@@gabor6259 they didn't pick her by random chance. Media is almost always produced for the best outcome/effect.

[@dueldab2117]

that was a boy.

[@bradderrs6221]

the expert: "i wish we could make a black hole in a lab" me: please don't

[@demis3270]

Actually a laboratoy created micro-blackhole (let's say big as an atom) would most probably evaporate in some nanoseconds thanks to Hawking radiation

[@angeloalfano4506]

LMAO

[@outoftunepiano9314]

I recommend David Brin's "Earth" (fiction) for a good read on hazards of making your own black hole.

[@thetiredworm2100]

Sometimes scientists can be perhaps to curious for our own good..

[@lovemeacoustic1]

I was thinking the same thing! This is how the world ends

[@tothelighthouse9843]

Janna Levin PhD is a great teacher. She can explain simple concepts simply, & also introduce complexity in a way that's exciting rather than intimidating. Her enthusiasm for & interest in astrophysics is contagious.

[@shannonbarber6161]

She make multiple factual mistakes in her explainations that no actual physicist would ever make such as saying the matter is gone.

[@johnchessant3012]

The black hole battery thing has to be the most mindblowing thing I've heard in a while, every segment of this was great and I only wish it was longer

[@bridiemcclure]

It's funny because I know the college level ones quite comfortably and all, but it was the most basic foundation explained to the child that got me thinking the most and changed my perception of black holes entirely

[@enzzz]

@@ultimateskillchain Yes, usually everything is explained in terms that will go over one's head and they won't really give an understanding at all. In which case all you can do is memorise it, but with no understanding or imagination of what is actually going on.

[@pokornycz]

exactly the same impression

[@Minurz]

Yeah, I understood the expert conversation pretty comfortably, and as an aspiring astrophysicist that makes me feel good.

[@LuisGonzalez-xu9ch]

Aa

[@alberttarimo]

maybe that's because our level of knowledge about black holes is same as the kid,

[@TheHipOneMusic]

Astronomy is so cool it's literally just universe lore

[@Epilogue_04]

I thought that was cosmology

[@TheHipOneMusic]

@@Epilogue_04 Cosmology is a branch of Astronomy

[@yourbodyis75waterandimthir44]

"You didn't have to cut me off bang bang"

[@rubentelur]

Space is so cool!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

[@jacquihesher5424]

But it’s true

[@brianna3275]

I love that she was able to explain beautifully on every level, without talking down to anyone or being condescending

[@Aspett0]

8:46 "I know more AND less"... that was a very articulate way to explain the process of learning about anything.

[@alexbitzan8747]

She just taught a kid that gravity is a bending of the space time continuum, not an inherent “force.” That’s… insane!

[@ashlynlarsen]

Imagine being taught correctly in school versus having to re learn everything the correct way in college 😔

[@alexbitzan8747]

@@ashlynlarsen so true!

[@trla6505]

Wait so she was talking about gravity i always thought it was gravity but since she didn't say it I asume I was wrong

[@felixcuddle855]

what is so insane about it? i don't understand

[@anonymouse8124]

@@felixcuddle855 A child being taught the up-to-date science, rather than an oversimplification they later have to unlearn, can feel magnificent to an observer.

[@andrewein3090]

Her: *explains black holes to the 11 year old* Me, an 18 year old, having replayed the 11 year old segment twice: “okay okay I think I’m getting it now”

[@elina11.]

same

[@panthergaming3140]

prolly scripted for the 11 year old

[@FBI_agent_4859]

same 😭😭

[@magicalpotatoeforces]

It’s funny I thought the interactions with the kid and the teenager weren’t very good. I couldn’t keep engaged and was noticing how uncomfortable they both appeared. I felt less awkward with the college student and grad student, and could pay attention better. Body language can make it hard to learn some things, I’m my opinion. The chemistry with a topic between two individuals. But I have a bit of prior knowledge and just find the questions and explanations to be interesting. Especially the topic of the andromeda galaxy. Perhaps it’s because I’m about the same age as people in grad school, maybe a little older now. But who knows really, I picked up on that too. Not as easy to follow, it’s not that it isn’t interesting.

[@4lexandraC]

Me too

[@kimhisham6033]

This is amazing. All in common is their level of humbleness and politeness when they discuss about really confusing yet interesting topic.

[@authormichellefranklin]

Love Dr Levin. Her visits on Star Talk are the best!

[@chasefreeman9814]

I like how as the level increases their shoes become more similar

[@enzzz]

All shoe styles finally converge into a singularity as time passes. It's inevitable.

[@d.j.beshears1405]

@@enzzz That's a pretty interesting metaphore

[@myheartwillstopinjoy8142]

Why is that true 💀

[@TheFullmastee]

Brilliant observation! 😂

[@veggiesoup.]

That’s such an interesting observation to catch on oml

[@VeteranGaming_GamingUnited]

As a 26 yr old, i honestly learned something at every level of difficulty. The expert is really really well spoken. I wish my teacher in high school was able to be this informative in their lessons

[@rebeccasiegel1230]

Same, my hs physics teacher was so boring and I had so much trouble following her. I needed a bunch of tutors to get me through high school physics. But she makes it so easy to understand

[@gustru2078]

Well, high school teachers don't need a PHD and most don't have one. If they did, they could teach in colleges and universities (with the better salary that comes with it).

[@joeylantis22]

26 club!

[@cremebrulee2484]

I’ve done my first physics exam in secondary and our teachers haven’t even started talking about black holes yet. Was just 4th year physics so eh

[@johnfulton4952]

Teachers don’t really know anything because they don’t have domain experience. To have this level of expertise you have to be an occupational astrophysicist doing experiments.

[@belengonzalezprada7928]

I love these videos! she is so good communicator, and they are so clever, is amazing how is visible the evolution in the conversation with the diferent levels of knowledge. Thank you 🥰

[@corykoz]

@wired PLEASE *keep* her on your shortlist! Loved the other video. She’s engaging to the viewer and also the interviewees, flawlessly elucidating concepts of them and reacting with deep passion and then sharing her exceptional knowledge in a very personal, approachable way. Excellent orator! Hands down the best guest of your 5-Levels series.

[@Caloph]

Me, an astro grad student: *furiously taking notes* “quick write that down, write that down!” But seriously this is a very good example of not only the science of black holes, but how to effectively communicate science to a broad audience.

[@tylerdowling]

Are you really grad student in field? If so, can you please direct me to the fields answer re: 3 things? (1) expert makes statement about particle and antiparticle collapse with destruction of antiparticle “in” the black hole and how the quantum entanglement is lost. Is this absolutely the case? Is it possible that black holes are sort of like quantum engines driving the expansion of the universe/multiverse and that event horizons represent points of connection between universes or dimensions beyond space time such that the particle/antiparticle entanglement continues - but does so trans-dimensionally? (2) Does the expansion of our universe exert any counterforce against the black holes themselves (like a kind of resistive force per se)? (3) What is the 3D shape of the universe? Is all of matter sitting atop “space-time” like a marble rests on a surface of paper or like a boat sits on an ocean? Is the shape different? Is the universe more like a snow-globe with stuff all over the place like molecules of water floating around in a balloon that is constantly filling up with more water? Either way, when it comes to black holes, how does that impact the shape of the universe itself? Thanks.

[@adriancastillo3370]

@@tylerdowling interesting, wish they answered

[@adriancastillo3370]

=

[@amanpuri7079]

Can i ask (i'm 16 btw),is there any major which i can take to learn all about physics I mean astrophysics is only to learn about space physics,but i want to learn them all,not just in space but in the earth,ocean or anywhere Like full set of physics itself

[@lukasbaker3185]

@@amanpuri7079 physics

[@donotenter4842]

I am at the CHILD level but her explaination still feels like EXPERT level to me. Is there a low category for me 😵‍💫

[@IzichiUchiha]

😂😂😂💀💀💀

[@Obi-Wan_Kenobi62]

Would you like a simple explanation of what a black hole is?

[@Syv_]

yes its called the 7th grade

[@samuraiii3090]

Infant lvl

[@mark-ish]

Low category: aka: low voltage. Welcome to the party, Dencio M.

[@quytranthingoc467]

Please do more episode like this, the content is amazinggg

[@shananhodges6367]

What a fantastic series of conversations. Really enjoyed it.

[@aniketverma8774]

That graduate student seemed so inquisitive about the different black hole theories and stellar physics. Hope she becomes a great astrophysicist in the future.

[@markrendy8016]

go build toilets first

[@locke8412]

she'll return on this channel as an expert

[@rivellehaidar318]

@@locke8412 whoaa

[@LiannaBabeli]

Actually, she already is a great astrophysicist. She asked questions and didn't let established theories and perceptions of science cloud her understanding or the potential of her understanding. You are already a great scientist when you stay curious and don't assume anything is ever truly definitive.

[@gonzalochacon9553]

and she is super hot!!

[@98codex]

I love how much she respects the kid's intelligence. Kids are way smarter than we give them credit for!

[@charlesjay8818]

hahahaha do u really think this is your averge kid??? The kid was heavily coached for this interview The Astrophysicist use vocab like super nova and thermo nuclear fuel...... what average/normal kid knows what that is??

[@AustinHertz001]

@@charlesjay8818 A kid may know a supernova but thermonuclear fuel? Idk about that chief

[@zamzamazawarma928]

You're making me puke rainbows. Some kids are smart, some are dumb, some are nice, some are authentic MFers. They're people.

[@Blacksmithcstms]

@@charlesjay8818 even if it’s not your “averge” kid, they’re still eleven years old and picked up pretty quickly on the nature of gravity. Most adults have trouble grasping these concepts, especially when talking to an expert. Is it so hard to admit a child might be smarter than you were when you were eleven?

[@braulioxDify]

@@charlesjay8818a kid wouldnt take all that in, they may know what a super nova is but thermo nuclear fuel they would just remember it as fuel and thats all they need and right after the lady said that she called it just fuel

[@bomaathuis7277]

I love how chill the expert guy is. He is so chilld and relax because he knows he got thr whole game locked up.

[@Vistico93]

What I love about this series is watching my confidence in my knowledge of a particular subject dwindle at an unknown rate prior to the start of the video to the point of uncertainty and then beyond :-)

[@foxcrow]

I'm blown away that the Astrophysicist said "nature found a new way of making black holes". I never considered space as a part of "nature".

[@angelina3778]

@@thitherword that was so passive-aggressive for no reason

[@ikilledaman]

Of course it is

[@isaacj2410]

@@thitherword calm down bud

[@staralcyone]

I think it's because we always see space as something that it is not a part of us and that it is something external to us but we are literally living in it right now

[@AustinHertz001]

Not many would think space as nature, as when you think nature, you think of The Earth, not everything outside of it

[@bowser498]

As a math major, I'd love to see someone teach "algebra" in five different levels. The algebra that people generally learn in middle and high school is quite restrictive, since algebra is only considered under real numbers, when in reality, it expands much farther. The same applies for "geometry". People generally learn about polygons, circles, angles, and other Euclidean geometry in high school but geometries expand to topology, projective geometry, and differential geometry once you enter college.

[@alexbitzan8747]

I’m early enough in my math career that I don’t have much of an understanding of those things in depth, but I do find it interesting how math build on itself. Essentially, all the way through calculus is just edited forms and applications of the four primary operations.

[@Ranger-sl3qq]

In my junior year of Astro, taken linear algebra as well as ODE and PDE, it’s very interesting to see how quantum plays into linear algebra when it comes to space bending concepts such a black hole. Very interesting

[@xaza8uhitra4]

nobody cares about algebra lmao

[@bowser498]

@@xaza8uhitra4 apparently at least 326 people care ;)

[@clashoclan3371]

@@xaza8uhitra4 You do know that chemistry and physics use algebra, but I'm guessing you're American right?

[@catastrophicfailure2745]

i was the weird space nerd kid all of elementary and middle school (not so much in high school, but i rediscovered my love of space when i moved), and my ability to understand most of what they're talking about even at the expert level (the expert level is more like vaguely understanding what someone is saying in another language but not really being able to respond) is kinda comforting

[@sandhyabalaji6588]

I have no background or understanding on a scientific level on this, but i have always been fascinated by space as a whole. The last part of this video felt like a "Black Hole". The expert level discussion turned conversation amazed me and kinda pumped me to keep up with these topics every now and then.

[@anatoliagolden-hall4553]

I think it would be awesome to have a series where experts in one field, teach experts in a completely different field. For example, the astrophysicist in this video talking with a forensic psychologist, or a Micheline-star chef.

[@eve6531]

evolutionary biologist and philosopher would be fun!

[@akshita241]

Not a series but there is a documentary on Netflix that’s kind of like that the experts in one field show experts in another field their field it’s called the most unknown u might like it

[@anatoliagolden-hall4553]

@@akshita241 That sounds really interesting! I might check it out. Thank you for the recommendation 😊

[@SuperHuscarl]

I’d be down for that

[@mitdesai5291]

@@akshita241 what's the name of the series?

[@geostyma]

She’s a really good teacher…without talking down.

[@BenjaminAbrahamShelahSchmidt]

True.

[@mgmartin51]

I thought I had a handle on black holes until she started explaining it to the youngest kid.

[@murali-alive]

bend space? space is void of anything, aka, nothing, how can nothing be bent?! this is complete nonsense and she is clueless

[@darrowofyomama]

@@murali-alivebro a quick google search literally proves she’s right

[@mediahost2243]

Very good explanations at each level. This astrophysicist is really good at explaining her ideas.

[@Maevynn]

"It's run out of fuel. And if it has no more fuel, it's no longer shining and pushing outward. And without that, it itself begins to go dark, and then there's nothing fighting the collapse anymore, and that's when you get a black hole." I think she just described depression without even realizing it.

[@teachngal06]

Steph G, I was thinking on a similar wave length. So much of what Dr. Levin explained about black holes (I felt) related to the energy fields of humans.

[@digineet8421]

That implies that it’s mostly about having the energy to be happy and productive. I could have a lot more energy and be better off for sure, but without feeling anything it will always be dark and empty.

[@Ninoky]

So Black Holes are depressed Stars.

[@vevasam]

Wow. What a beautiful observation. Very underrated comment.

[@ralucatut9620]

@@digineet8421 but couldn’t you argue that the lack of energy is what is causing the emptiness ? Perhaps the relationship isn’t entirely casual but still closely related.

[@Gabriel_Cook]

Fun fact: A black hole's event horizon "appears" to be 2.6× larger than it actually is because extreme gravity bends light to the extent that you're "seeing" the entire black hole including the back of it.

[@kallepikku4991]

That is a fun fact indeed.

[@mrnevermind]

What an amazing person! Her way of explaining things is so incredible!

[@mavoelly1704]

The fact that she used the musical instrument to explain how they 'hear' a black hole is pretty impressive

[@Noir026]

I love this lady, she always explains everything so well. Would love to have her in more videos explaining all things astrophysics!

[@jdkhaos4983]

She has many, many public appearances speaking about astrophysics :)

[@alexanderabrashev1366]

she has a lot of vids with NDT

[@lizmosorio]

As she talked about the black hole properties (mass, charge, and spin) it immediately made me think of particles, was so stoked she made the comparison too. Makes you feel like you can actually follow the logic naturally.

[@viktorija.jankauskaite]

You're cool

[@d.j.beshears1405]

@@viktorija.jankauskaite Exposition?

[@jasminnoor1877]

i have been studying for about a year now, and I can steadily keep up with the EXPERT level of conversation they were having, hawking radiation and quantum entanglement feel conformable to talk ab for me so this was nice to watch them have this conversation.

[@sattarpc]

Its a wonderful series. Very useful for teachers. Please make more.

[@Malicious2013]

What I find incredible is how difficult the professor finds explaining the topic in ways that children could understand. In many ways, it's easier to discuss things at a higher level when you are at that level.

[@mlwartman]

I heard somewhere that if you cant explain a complex topic to a child, you don't really understand it yourself. Obviously an exception to the rule here, but it popped into my mind when i was reading your post. But i agree. Even when we think we are using a more basic, fundamental explaination, you may be using "fundamental" information the other person still doesnt grasp. Such a challenge at times. I had to explain network latency to my 9yo.. i had to go all the way back to kids in line for recess before i could explain it with a concept she already understood...

[@miha3847]

@@mlwartman so relatable 🙂

[@ejmtv3]

That's why a masteral degree is all about mastering the field and how it should be taught to other people.

[@Obi-Wan_Kenobi62]

@@mlwartman that’s a good point, understanding a complex topic is one thing, being able to explain it simply to someone who doesn’t fully understand and want to learn more is more challenging than you’d expect

[@kerr354]

@@mlwartman Some concepts just can't be explained compactly in simple terms, so it's always a matter of how much you are willing to sacrifice when explaining something. The amount of unnecessary details you can safely sacrifice is proportional to your level of understanding and the ability to judge what is the most relevant even more so

[@ginelliaamira6953]

This series is so important. The people invited are such good explainers, not condescending nor going too fast for the learners. And the learners are such good listeners. I only wonder about one thing; I have noticed that the children usually understand the subject matter really well. Are children of above average intelligence (ONLY) invited, or are they of normal intelligence and am I underestimating children? Because these children understand more than I did at that age 🤣

[@CamerHD]

Yea they always seem to get it really quickly, right? I think they're most likely selected and not just random kids. And the editing might make them seem to understand even faster

[@jw9407]

I imagine that the children of an entire school (maybe limited to an age group) were informed that "those who are interested in physics" could apply for an interview and then they had to pick a child of a group that is definetely already interested in science

[@dua_junaid]

@@jw9407 Yeah that would make sense

[@an.jel.o]

There’s also a lot edited out, so they don’t grasp the information as fast as it seems. I’m sure there’s a lot of explaining that we don’t get to see.

[@vestigex]

its due to the fact that most of us began utilizing technology at a very young age, so data spread very quickly through these devices, and there was an abundance of facts and knowledge also archived on them, so we practically had the world at our fingertips

[@xelsimone7698]

shes a great teacher and conversationalist. that was delightful and incredibly informative

[@softdorothy]

What a trip this was. I've never seen anything like it. More of this.

[@caryshughes5809]

I love how she praises all the questions she's asked. Calling them all great questions, such a good and supportive way to teach someone

[@Nefville]

Janna is one of my absolute favorite science educators. She has a way of explaining things that even people like me who have studied this are like "wow". Also fun fact, our solar system is orbiting the supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy. And what is orbiting? Falling at an angle. So in a way we are all already 'falling' into a black hole.

[@joshaqy]

@@universal_pawn7442 pretty sure it isnt

[@river_g]

@@universal_pawn7442 No i literally have no clue what that is

[@tvtitlechampion3238]

"Circling the drain", eh? No wonder we're a morbid people. Excitable, too! Until I hear differently, I'm going to assume we have a very long time to get there. Maybe that's where Heaven is located! Give the Christians something to look forward to, just don't give them ideas on hurrying the process up.

[@Nefville]

@@tvtitlechampion3238 Totally agree! 🤣

[@LostJedi26]

Great. That's terrifying for some reason, even thougoh I was wanting to ask if a black hole is at the center of our galaxy, as well as all others. It acts like a huge gravity well.

[@triz313]

This series is so good, and this episode in particular was mind-blowing! I did not realize that black holes not only take but give back in regards to energy and even the signals that they produce and we are using LIGO to "listen" to. Fascinating!

[@damoncook3339]

That was truly superb. Fantastic how every level was of interest.

[@bndkllr2763]

It's amazing to see this astrophysicist share so much knowledge with everyone and then have questions herself when she speaks with the Expert guest. Like a true scientist, she's always trying to learn more.

[@hannahhokett8811]

me a 28 year old, thinking I’ll understand what she’s saying until “college student” and getting confused at the “child” explanation. When the child was picking it up so well. Kudos to Jude 🌟

[@DerekFrazier2014]

Being a knowledgeable nerd I loved every phase and learned something in each one. Thank you.

[@sarahallenhumboldt2638]

Love your joyful open face!

[@LJP120]

Not knowing this field, I could've almost believed the grad student was an expert (and to be fair, most grad students have to pick such a specialized project that they do become experts), and then the expert came on. That mixed with what the student saying something about knowing more and less at the same time reminds me of my experience as a grad student in Microbiology. You really don't realize how little you know til you know more, and it's a jarring feeling imo

[@ComboBreakerHD]

Jude is way too smart for this to be the explanation for kids. A lot of high schoolers couldn't grasp these abstracts. I was expecting a demonstration like one of those coin vaults at the mall where you drop a quarter and it spins around a large dish... And Jana is out here skimming through "when a star goes supernova". Jude is a very intelligent child. Need a 10year update.

[@_previously]

In middle school, I had my honors science teacher briefly talk to us about stem cells when we got to the chapter about cellular biology. Learning about how you can “reprogram” stem cells and and about the potential the technology has in medicine really impacted my learning career. Fast forward 10 years and I have a degree in Human Biology and am working in a STEM related career. I know the fundamentals of any STEM related subject is important but, if kids were able to talk to a professional or even their teacher about amazing and mind-bending phenomena that occurs in the universe, like a black hole, kids would love science more.

[@shafwandito4724]

Teacher presentation is really important. You got lucky that your science teacher know how to present cellular biology in interesting way.

[@tapuzak]

This teacher is really talented. Fun to listen to because of her humility combined with a massive intellect.

[@EnormousBoss]

i love this expert guy, he is always smiling and looks pretty passionate about what he is doing.

[@theanimationmaster724]

0:37 Level 1 Child 4:24 Level 2 Teen 8:59 Level 3 College Student 14:23 Level 4 Graduated Student 21:05 Level 5 PHD Professor

[@tiredwithpeoplesshxt1284]

I wish I could save comments on videos

[@tahsinmahmud4987]

Couldn’t even understand the level 1

[@alexz765]

@@tahsinmahmud4987 noob

[@TheConsoleCoder]

I understood level 5 but I can barely understand 5th grade math. I'm in middle school.

[@zabox1674]

@@TheConsoleCoder can relate lol

[@xTygrs]

I busted out laughing when she said “thermonuclear fuel” to an 11 year old 😂

[@proffoctopus66yearsago22]

ikr she could've used familiar words too like the energy of the star dies out.. something like that could've worked. Im pretty sure that kid walked out only understanding half the stuff she said and confused on what the other stuff meant

[@mikerivers7559]

These arrogant word salad over educated types never have children. They indoctrinate other people's children.

[@AaraBeloved]

11 year olds are taught different types of energy in grade school-

[@proffoctopus66yearsago22]

@@AaraBeloved yeah but this is kinda overdrive even for them

[@AaraBeloved]

@@proffoctopus66yearsago22 Yea, I guess you're right. There were definitely simpler ways to explain it to a child.

[@theorderofthebees7308]

I love these videos - you can tell how well you understand something by how you explain it to someone else

[@adangadban]

thank you for making these videos, I'm a physics student myself and I'm thriving on such content!!

[@sh7asoiaf]

Proving the existence of black hole, in the view of mathematical and observational evidences is the great achievement of humankind in development of science for all.

[@mavfan1]

I think it’s Cool Whip.

[@XXveny]

Well, since you can really observe them, it is kinda simple, you just need proper tools. Proving the existence of things unseen like Hawking radiation would be greater achievement but again... you just need proper tools :D

[@sweeperchick]

@@mavfan1 I just snorted.

[@fruitynahi1710]

I'm a law student, but stuff like these really make me wish I could study astrophysics

[@TheIainCollier]

I love listening to people who know what they’re talking about, talking about what they know…..Thank you

[@PowerOfTens8420]

I haven’t seen anyone on this series clearly explain such a complicated topic in such a well engaged and understandable way. You can see the passion she has for the field, and the passion she easily invokes in the child -> grad level.

[@MAJ0ROCEL0T]

I love watching these not only for the awesome high level information but to see how good of a teacher these experts are. They say you don't fully understand something until you can teach it to a child and I feel like some times experts really don't understand that part

[@tommyheheh]

Thanks this is my favorite video in this series so far

[@andrewvanhellstring6672]

I love that a black hole conversation is always an opportunity to learn. There’s so many profound intricacies and subtleties about them that we don’t even know yet that just spark the brain to wonder. I’m going to make it my goal to keep learning about these fascinating cosmic phenomena.

[@theena]

That was wonderful. The expert was great, as were all the people invited to talk to her. Props to the first two school kids, but also the graduate student who ensured that she too played her part in making their conversation accessible to us lay people.

[@canebrakeruffian1122]

I think these conversations would be even better if each level got to remain for the preceding conversation and given two questions to interrupt to understand a concept above their level they'd like to wrap their minds around.

[@doroh2328]

The coversation with Clair was very insightful and fun to me I can listen to this for an hour

[@ultravioletpisces3666]

That little girl understood it better than me

[@jakeartese6632]

I personally enjoyed the grad students interaction over any other both for education and entertainment purposes it was very clear she was interested in the subject and all parts of this conversation was enjoyable

[@LostJedi26]

Her explanations to Jude were the most profound to me. They really got me thinking about black holes in a different way. Particularly the part about light bending around them, orbiting them. The whole video was fascinating, but the youngest one grasping concepts and speaking them back to her was incredibly cool.

[@tallme]

I'm 42 and i'm amazed at the child's understanding.

[@adarshbrando7412]

If u can teach like that ,that means u are a great teacher ,u have great knowledge and deepful understanding about the concepts

[@FigmentHF]

At 3:43 when the child says “so it doesn’t attract light, it moves the space so that it’s curved towards it” That’s 95% of adult humans lost. Almost nobody I know irl has anything like an intuitive sense of “space being flat” or what exactly is meant by “curved space”. I feel this is one area in which science communication is lacking.

[@tvtitlechampion3238]

Absolutely. It could redirect the flat-earthers to a different model without making them wrong in their intuitive understanding of linear models, ie Earth isn't flat, but space could be thought of as 'flat'. They're just not thinking large enough.

[@chilled_crickett2838]

I feel like there is more to the convo that we did not get to see.

[@d.j.beshears1405]

@@tvtitlechampion3238 Better than rehab

[@tvtitlechampion3238]

@@d.j.beshears1405 or a rehab of context, perhaps. Correcting notions and behaviors is the dividing line between education and incarceration. The fascinating part of flat-earthers is the dire resistance based on some sort of gauzy empiricism that demands the 'science community' evidence disprove their conviction first before they extend their precious consideration. Funny how their re-imagining of what REALLY goes on is so tortured as to be grotesque. I'm for a better, more interactive explanation of the working scientific concepts, but dang.

[@MrCmon113]

It's not curved space. It's curved space-time. Ie over time distances get smaller.

[@Wisteria_9]

You know she's an Astrophysicist without knowing her job prior to it if she's that good at explaining to even the child and even to an expert

[@cellar_door_cie]

RELEASE THE UNCUT VERSIONS RIGHT NOW

[@dorito1321]

professor looks like he’d harness a black hole and turn it into shields

[@somemoepho]

I bet he questions what that melody is

[@sasorioftheredsand4348]

Nice reference

[@handsoap6246]

I bet the universe is singing to him

[@bluefire7412]

He probably wonders why we seek answers if we do not know the question

[@StanleyNumber427]

Which is funny, because "Schwarzschild" literally is German for "black shield."

[@prinsipetibak]

I like how once she gets to the expert I had to turn on subtitles.

[@cooky2991]

Black holes are incredibly fascinating to me. The things she explained to the 11-year-old child are very similar to what I had trouble grasping in 10th grade at 16. The way it was packaged makes a lot of sense and is easy to understand + asking about the previous conceptions and working around them is an incredibly effective teaching tool that should be utilised a lot more. The higher the education level, the harder it was to understand, though I'll admit that I was a little bit lost starting at some parts of the college student chat, and if I didn't have a great interest in general scientific material and read a lot of articles, following the conversations with the grad student and expert probably would have had me completely lost, instead of just majorly xD

[@jordan22031991]

I like how the 11 year old summarized the concept at the end, it almost felt like he already knew what he was talking about !!

[@sulaimanaljabari]

16:48 The way school was pronounced just gorgeous!

[@judethaddeus9856]

I ABSOLUTELY LOVE how this professor explains this, my favourite astronomy topic

[@daveraphaelignacio7748]

Truly an informative 26 minutes video about black holes even though I'm in senior high now there are still pieces of information that as you go deeper further to the level of complexities become harder and harder. Honestly, I'm not good at science-related aspects but at the same time learning or gathering information about certain topics like black holes can lead us to more and more information which I believe can help us to know more about these universes of life. I believe there are still some flaws and questions that need to be answered and I'm rooting for more discoveries. Thank you!!!!

[@mareklwhip4590]

It was crazy for me to sit through this video and be able to grasp at the concepts they were discussing even at an expert level.

[@zainriaz8698]

I'm really intersted in black holes and today i get answers of my all questions related to this giant hole. Thanks for providing us such information.

[@Joaninhaa12]

whenever i see videos abouts astrophysics i'm always excited and a little bit sad! it's always been a field i'm super interested in but i ended up going down a totally different path in academia. i always wonder if i could actually go down that path eventually because i'm still so passionate about it, but i feel like i'm too old and waaaaaaay too ignorant to actually do it :( it's still amazing to hear about all of this though. i love black holes

[@slevinchannel7589]

Know PBS Space Time?

[@eartheclipse8]

same !

[@jacob3716]

My exact same feeling. 😢

[@kittysparkleeyes]

i know how you feel, i am a domestic cleaner and i literally spend hours of my working day listening to videos about astrophysics , quantum mechanics etc whilst i clean houses. on this level nature is like magic and somehow it makes me feel more alive knowing that there are so many things we don't know and barely comprehend. who needs fantasy when physics exists? also i have to commend the KZbin creators for making these topics so accesible to ordinary people like me. i feel i have a very good basic understanding of these topics that my mum and grandad never would have had access too.

[@natasha_escoffier6281]

Same here even since i was really young i am extremely passionate and love theoretical physics and mathematics and how i wish i am a theoretical physicist but i just had to take a completely different path which saddens me because i dont want to waste my one life not doing what i actually want. But thats just life...