Avery Broderick Public Lecture: Images from the Edge of Spacetime

On Oct. 3, 2018, Avery Broderick (Perimeter Institute Associate Faculty member and Delaney Family John Archibald Wheeler Chair) delivered a Perimeter Public Lecture on humanity's quest to glimpse black holes using the Event Horizon Telescope.
Perimeter Institute (charitable registration number 88981 4323 RR0001) is the world’s largest independent research hub devoted to theoretical physics, created to foster breakthroughs in the fundamental understanding of our universe, from the smallest particles to the entire cosmos. The Perimeter Institute Public Lecture Series is made possible in part by the support of donors like you. Be part of the equation: perimeterinstitute.ca/inspiri...
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[@procactus9109]

This guy is good. One of the best on black holes I've seen.

[@rodneyadderton1077]

Star collapses do something else we produce beastars will produce black holes when they die and produce black hole looks like this is a massive star something like 40 or 50 times when this star died its core collapses into a black hole that black hole it consumes star collisions in those beans produce the cameras that we detect here on Earth and eventually the death of the star ends with the same sort of supernova. Took about 15 or 20 seconds time a 40 solar mass star will actually die in Pretty in a comparably amount of time so this is an incredible satellite look for signs that somebody was violating the tree and performing a test which would a flash of memory without lights with great and they detected many flashes are family and fortunately for when we saw this Camry what we finally determined that we were seeing flashes of these dying stars from other galaxies we've now quit up dedicated telescopes job is to look for a gamma ray burst and to tell us when one has happened as quickly as possible so we can try and study them spacecraft a tailored telescope is it will sit there waiting for us to go off somewhere.

[@ossiedunstan4419]

@@rodneyadderton1077 Stars do not collapse . Stars loose MASS from ejection of matter , Not radiating light.

[@DonH_Zeroth57]

I just watched this video. Even with limited knowledge of this topic, I enjoyed it and Dr. Avery Broderick presented this in an amazing manner so that I could follow along.

[@onebylandtwoifbysearunifby5475]

Thanks for not "Dumbing it Down" too much👍 One of the best presentations on Radio Astronomy; and in context of Black Holes too. Both topics were joined nicely here.

[@edkoetsier339]

That was the best presentation I have ever seen of astronomical matters, hands down. Wow. Even when the Image was released.

[@upsydaysy3042]

Scientist with a ton of qualifications and expertise gives lecture on his topic of research. People comment on his hair, glasses, weight, shoes, breathing problems, gender, perceived social skills. Last time ever I look down at the pit of you tube comments.

[@SorenVemmelund]

Hear, hear!

[@Mona.2307]

hahhahaha i agree

[@mikelouis9389]

He was riveting except for his telescope size. 8 meters kinda jarred me as far as a home tripod mount.

[@billymanilli]

@@mikelouis9389 I thought I heard bs... lol

[@davidhenningson4782]

Some insightful commentors out there... but for every gem... there's going to be alot of crap as well. KZbin allows anyone with an account (and a pulse) to air their thoughts... it's all free... and you get what you pay for🙄 Great presentation though! I learned something about radio astronomy I didn't know before😊

[@edysinsimon8646]

I simply love this guy's rational of the cosmos!

[@hmessec7682]

As much as I can minimally appreciate the amount of sheer data,, ingenuity, creativity, processing, and juggling all of that information and creativity (and more) to fit into a cohesive model of Black Holes. I am not facile enough in basic physics, Einsteinian (relativistic?) physics, and theoretic physics, or algebra through trigonometry, to have followed this presentation beyond the introductory portion, defining what would be included in the lecture. I believe for the first time I stand alone in being the only audience member who is ill prepared (education wise) to understand, even conceptualize, one of your (PI's) amazing lectures. Normally I find these lectures to be "self contained" and include almost all of the information to "puzzle out" the concepts and theories presented. This, to me, was enormously "open ended". As I stated, I was quite ill prepared. Now, could you repeat that one more time, please Dr Broderick, using small words in short sentences? (just kidding) More power to you, sir. P.S. It is now October 2022, I would love to know how current discoveries fit into Dr. Broderick's work. I suspect they "fit like a glove".

[@davidhenningson4782]

Great presentation!! I enjoyed it and learned a few things today😀 Keep up the fantastic content!!😊

[@earthbjornnahkaimurrao9542]

Great Presentation. It is rare to have such a good speaker in Physics.

[@Mirrorgirl492]

Try some Sean Carroll or Frank Wilczek

[@markboccaccio]

It is amazing to me that there are human beings, creatures alive at this very moment, who understand this Man as easily as I do Frank, my next door neighbor, who just told me about his 8 year old daughter Brenda’s progress in Elementary School . She recently learned the correct way to pronounce the word “Infinity”

[@markboccaccio]

Boy does this guy gotta work on his delivery!!

[@ProspectstudiosCoUkBFD]

Ddaonjngpxphpxpdp pvpzpzzckbv LP

[@chrisdooley6468]

As a definite amateur I totally enjoyed this lecture even though at points I thought my head might explode from trying to process some of the information lol. The guy is obviously very enthusiastic about his work which is infectious enough that it kept me until the end. I’ll definitely watch more thnx

[@frank1fm634]

This was a good presentation.You need a special mind set to sit and watch this all the way through.

[@kathyyoung1774]

Frank1fm Actually just curiosity and a few college physics courses. I thought it was great.

[@bennytheman2320]

Great presentation! I really enjoyed it!👍

[@xcq1]

That was a very brief Q&A considering there were probably so many more questions one could ask after this interesting talk.

[@littleshell2748]

They always are for some reason

[@savage22bolt32]

My burning question: Why is the speaker wearing ruby slippers?

[@robydee920]

One hour to first ever black hole image 🌑.Go team Earth 🌎

[@julian73de]

Love your comment!

[@mikelouis9389]

It was pretty amzing.

[@robydee920]

@@mikelouis9389 yes it was and I liked your original comment because it's fairly possible that matter around black hole(accretion disc)is from stars that venture a little bit to close to black hole. Greetings from Pearl of Adriatic 🌅

[@kirkhamandy]

48:27 How sad and mildly ashamed I feel not seeing a pin in the UK. Good work guys, keep it up, look forward to seeing something amazing.

[@Thedudeabides803]

The baloney ends and the part you came for starts at 2:51. And on a more positive note, this was fantastic.

[@OEFarredondo]

This dude is so amazing

[@Les537]

Thanks for these, Greg.

[@urielpelaezcdmx]

Top presentation. A lot of information in it. 😯

[@thoughtburgers2691]

Thank you for sharing this lecture. Very well done.

[@reason5591]

Excellent presentation. I was totally with him during the entire instruction from beginning to end.

[@kr7942]

Our universe is amazing!

[@JazzyArtKL]

Absolutely brilliance!

[@callumgeddes5594]

Came into this video thinking I knew a bit about physics, left knowing I truly do not know much about physics at all.

[@starvingbuddha7622]

Awesome lecture!

[@paxdriver]

Fantastic thank you!

[@ugowar]

1:24:11 Just imagine how many of today's scientists and engineers have been inspired to go into their respective fields thanks to a sci-fi show that dared to imagine a *hopeful* vision of our future.

[@ossiedunstan4419]

Science fiction is just that , science fact is now where near science fiction , but assholes like nut case hawking`s with their ego driven science have put modern science back in the realm of druids. Stop putting hypothesis forward as the fucking truth .

[@moistdaddy451]

Incredible presentation

[@dustyfloor1896]

Can't we be hopeful that we're not anywhere near a black hole. It's great that we can look at it and understand so much more about our universe. But the science it's expensive.

[@UpHigherMusicOfficial]

Such eloquence!

[@otrondal]

Very nice lecture. So good you are an owner of an 8m telescope you can bring out.

[@daveglo100]

so im only 15 mins in so this might be mentioned later.... do black holes pull in dark matter/energy? those plumes being expelled look like they have so much more matter than you would expect from what has been consumed... maybe dark matter gets converted into something less exotic and hard to detect once swallowed by a black hole then expelled ?? equally if they dont consume dark matter/energy , why not ?

[@Metalkatt]

Watching after the Event Horizon result came out. It's interesting how the colours used in the imaging are the ones they used for the simulations. (Don't get grumpy; we all know the images are false colour.) I'm impressed how much the simulations matched what we actually saw, structure-wise.

[@spencerwilhelm7517]

I have no idea what this guy is talking about, but for some reason I just watched this from beginning to end.

[@georgej.robinson4316]

Spencer. There IS a reason, and you KNOW what it is. Reflect. Courage, man! Venture over the event horizon of your latent self, into "… that undiscovered ‘country‘..." wherein lies your brilliant, ideal self capable of comprehending ALL!

[@NathanOkun]

Pulsars are neutron stars, the smallest (?) non-black-hole object possible, has its angular momentum axis and its magnetic field axis usually not aligned, which is why they pulse. I assume that a black hole cannot have this, so any fields produced are aligned with the rotation axis. Thus, the very long pulsar-like jets fixed along a single line over long time-frames. Thus, such an alignment means that it is very unlikely that the object creating it is anything other than a black hole.

[@Omni-Kriss]

A superb presentation :) Thanks PI for uploading this!

[@HaRDc0r3z]

awesome. mind-blowing moments aplenty. ty

[@RARa12812]

I wish he explain how to measure the mass of blackholes in far away galaxies. Can they find orbits of stars in far away galaxies or there is anoyher method?

[@savage22bolt32]

What are all the equations on the blackboard behind the speaker? Does it pertain to the topic?

[@bryandraughn9830]

This was a really good one! Thank you!

[@Kuiriel]

A very enjoyable lecture with passion apparent, thank you. Your jokes made me laugh, even if the audience didn't.

[@gamebro511]

What passion? He was as dull as a dry sock =3

[@Kuiriel]

My poor fellow, you haven't heard enough science talks.

[@andersask5503]

@@Kuiriel lol so true:)

[@edgeofenlightenment7088]

Not dull just very layer back. But his love of the topics he covered is evident if your not blind and mean spirited. Good luck being a bitchy never happy human being

[@andersask5503]

@@edgeofenlightenment7088 chill dude ppl are just joking. But if that is mean spirited.....

[@steveba50]

Great lecture

[@vanderdole02]

And it worked we now have the first picture of a Black Hole :)

[@helicalactual]

also does this spegetify things or crush them? im not sure if your sure

[@lancekirby5141]

Great presentation. A question, at the beginning before the Big Bang, all the matter was in one place, wouldn't this constitute a black hole? If so, how did the matter escape the black hole?

[@MrGaryFitzpatrick]

This is a good question... anybody?

[@dankuchar6821]

One of the explanations has to do with the expansion of the universe which happened so rapidly that black hole could not form. Personally, I'm not a fan of the inflationary models of the universe so I don't know about that one. The best answer has to do with the curvature of space time. At the beginning of the universe you just can't get space time to curve in such a way that a black hole can form because of the way all the forces were balanced at that time. However, The initial universe had to be balanced in a very particular way so that a black hole didn't form. And that is a mystery!

[@ozgott1415]

The instant before the big bang happened the laws of physics did not exist. So there was no Gravity, or Space, or Time, there was no mass, no particles, no light. So the possibility of a Black Hole before the big bang is nil. In the moments after the Big Bang the laws of physical universe began to formulate and eventually balance, but by that time the universe was already rapidly expanding away from itself.

[@Guide504]

Reach beyond your comprehension in order to better yourself. I would call that a noble endeavor provided its backed up with wider reading. Get grounded in the fundamentals and it will come to some degree.

[@actsnfacts]

Hey Doc, on that slide on radio interferometry, you got the word "patterns" misspelled...

[@actsnfacts]

38:30"

[@martingoldfire]

The future of black hole astronomy seems bright, who'd a thunk it?

[@Oners82]

Martingoldfire *Thought, not "thunk".

[@martingoldfire]

@@Oners82 Nope, it's "thunk". I wasn't trying to say it correctly, but rather to use a well known expression from way back. Google is your friend :-)

[@seymoronion8371]

Can confirm, it is "thunk".

[@maverickmo8976]

No pun intended right? Amazing pun by the way lol

[@rtarbinar]

@@Oners82 it's an old joke about the unnecessary complexity of English irregular verbs: drink drank drunk, sink sank sunk...think thank thunk.

[@007Hurst]

watched live awesome lecture thanks for the share

[@erikjensen7865]

Fantastic presentation

[@MM-kq7eu]

A rather pedantic style of lecturing. However, it's guys like this that are going to eventually figure it all out.

[@aurelienyonrac]

Dang yes pedantic. But no he won't figur out quantum gravity

[@motobrikerestorations1354]

really interesting topic which the lecturer when he warned up; made a must watch

[@cyrus05w]

41 minutes 11 seconds, I'm loving the video although this aspect you mentioned of the water. I agree yes although if you put... You know what never mind I like the video keep going.

[@cyrus05w]

At 45 minutes 48 seconds on the dot, fingers crossed green stick technologies picks up the ball with those quartz crystal memory chips. Much joy to the leaps and bounds of tech and how far it's come along. I myself appreciate that dragon speech program and all it's done.

[@snjsilvan]

Congratulations to the sound engineers here. Rarely do they get things right in science lectures.

[@n1k32h]

Look behind you it’s me

[@Encephalitisify]

They say the universe is expanding, and that eventually the light from distant objects will never reach us. Wouldn’t this make the universe essentially a black hole itself? So objects that release light would be so small in comparison to the size of the universe they essentially would be their own singularity.? I don’t know. I’m not a physicist. I’m just thinking or relationships.

[@chrond33zy]

So fluid great presenter

[@johnqpublic2718]

Why isn't there a Perimeter Institute campus in Africa?

[@beck4218]

8 meter reflector? Inch?

[@helicalactual]

the point is being missed entirely. The real question is what happens such that you could generate a curvature in the gravitational field such that you could generate enough energy to bend 1G worth of "Space" under a platform or on another planet?

[@Stadtpark90]

So we will soon have a picture (in mm-wavelength) of the accretion disc right at the event horizon of the BH at the center of our galaxy. Any chance that some new fundamental physics will come of it? Or will it just be „history and biology” on the life of galaxies? I mean studying the event horizon can‘t tell us about the singularity itself: the singularity will still be considered a hint, that our current fundamental theories are incomplete / not yet fundamental in the original meaning of the word. The stories we tell are certainly more elaborate than “turtles all the way down“, but I still have problems coping with infinite regress etc: I always wonder if it would help if I actually spoke the language of physics (=mathematics), or if I would still end up with the same philosophical problems. Do you think for progress it would be more helpful, if theoretical physicists learned philosophy, or if philosophers learned maths / theoretical physics? Or did philosophers drop out of the game a hundred years ago?

[@0623kaboom]

if he wants to map the surface of the black hole event horizon he must also map all the mass under the influence of the black hole and then relate that all down to the black holes "surface" and current telescopes are plenty capable of that ... they are just too lazy to gather the data and plug it into a computer and have it spit out the answer of this is what you would see if you could see it ... because this is what the end result of all the data gathered at this time point will resolve down to .... so he could essentially take a kiddies pool and drop a grain of sand in it and then measure the ripples ... then place grid over the pool that has holes for every piece of mass in the scale he wants to map and then move that grid in the same motion as the area of observation and record the ripples as they happen .. and poof he has done the same thing ... for a few thousand bucks with substantially more accurate and larger range of data ...

[@danhaynes446]

"I mean studying the event horizon can‘t tell us about the singularity itself: the singularity " Could you name someone who believes that there is such a thing as a singularityas a physical object to be studied? physics.stackexchange.com/questions/225831/why-does-a-singularity-need-to-exist-at-the-center-of-a-black-hole Infinities doesn't exist. When a theory predicts an infinite amount of something, the theory is wrong and needs to be corrected. " Do you think for progress it would be more helpful, if theoretical physicists learned philosophy, or if philosophers learned maths / theoretical physics?" What has philosophy got to do with the study of the truth about the natural world? Perhaps you could cite one philosophical prediction about the natural world that turned out to be supported by testable evidence? Exactly how much did philosophy contribute to landing a man on the moon or rovers on Mars, or Hayabusa2 on an asteroid? Science and philosophy split a long time ago, and they aren't ever getting back together again. Science got remarried to evidence and philosophy is still fondly gazing at it's own reflection in a mirror.

[@johntowner1893]

Great Job.

[@TerryGiblin]

Dear Avery, if I ask politely, how do I get an invite to the Perimeter Institute? I would like to meet the team and have so many questions? When I solved the DSE, at the turn of the millennium, I never thought anyone would actual perform the experiment. "From black holes to electrons, all quantum tunnelling throught, to cause interference" and now 20 years later - The Event Horizon Telescope.

[@-LightningRod-]

Science is cool thanx

[@jeffrogers210]

"Waterloo! Couldn't escape if I wanted to..." :-)

[@dustyfloor1896]

For humans to create a black hole would make a super collider larger than the ionosphere of Jupiter. We would have to make a structure larger than the orbit of Saturn to collect the energy needed

[@tomhoeienberg1964]

And that is if a black hole is flat 2dim and not 3d ; is it ?

[@WildBillCox13]

Fun stuff! I linked it around. Thanks for posting!

[@sohee7597]

This video woke me up at night

[@andrewwelsh131]

Amazing people have so much to give

[@albertkelton5990]

Why Waterloo? 2nd time heard it's mentioned in a astronomy lecture.

[@DoggoWillink]

Because it is likely nearby where they are doing this. The PI is in Canada, although I’m not sure where.

[@DonH_Zeroth57]

@@DoggoWillink In Waterloo Ontario

[@eddipl5055]

Can’t wait to see the results in 5 years when the event horizon finish their study.

[@HarryAcorns]

I still just can't wrap my head around the fact that all that matter sucked into a black hole ends up as a tiny molecule. I mean I believe them, it's just hard to fathom. I always wanna believe it's actually getting blown out the other side but the other side is a different dimension so we couldn't see it.

[@twstf8905]

Wow, Got more Professors in the comments lol than usual I'm venturing to say, I know it's a stretch, that there's nobody in the comments proposing any more profound information than what's being offered in the actual video. Color me crazy.

[@seymoronion8371]

There is no color, but there is crazy.

[@zacharysimpson7353]

Trying to remember when I seen this many years ago.

[@voidremoved]

did he sell you weed

[@mikelouis9389]

@ 33:50. An EIGHT METER telescope? Day yum! Aside from that obvious mistake, good lecture.👌

[@Atanu]

@Mike Louis When I heard that, I thought I had misheard. I repeated that bit and yes, he did say 8 meter. Wow. Perhaps he meant 8 centimeter and the centi got dropped.

[@DonH_Zeroth57]

@@Atanu I think it is the same scope I have, which means it is an eight inch telescope.

[@Atanu]

@@DonH_Zeroth57 Thanks. So it's not 8 cms but 8 inches. Then I wonder why he said 8 meters.

[@DonH_Zeroth57]

@@Atanu sometimes when public speaking I get a little tongue tied and twisted, so likely just a mistake. And in relation to the entire talk, it was a small one.

[@Atanu]

@@DonH_Zeroth57 Quite understandable. It was a very trivial slip and anyone should see past it to the overall excellent presentation. Thanks. Cheers.

[@oregonone132]

Can a planet sling shot out away from a black hole?

[@Hecatonicosachoron]

Yes. But it's rare for a planet to be scattered by any ordinary star, so to encounter a BH would be even more rare.

[@cameronlowrey9371]

500th time watching...time to sleep😊 ....i almost forgot to plug in my phone haha

[@zeLKing]

Great video

[@rfvtgbzhn]

I find it kind of interesting that it seems to be difficult to handle a power of 10^(-15) W. NASA handled about 10^(-20) W when communicating with the Galileo space probe and even daily things like GPS have less power (GPS has about 10^(-16) W on earth). All numbers from: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(power)

[@dankuchar6821]

when communicating with the space probe you know exactly the frequency you're trying to get, so it's easy to pick out of the background noise.

[@Jfmonette22]

so if im right in what i understand so far is the more you increase the baseline the better it is. So why they dont have put one on the moon,that would be like increase the size of the planet

[@theskett]

Apart from the cost of setting up a station on the moon... d'you remember that they mailed the petabytes of data back, on hard disks? I'm pretty sure ya can't just Fedex a big ol' box of disks back from the moon, every month or so...

[@ElisabethArana]

Thanks for sharing! I do not want to live in the microcosm (movie of The Truman Show) Even if "they" want us all to live there, I would rather prefer to live in connection with the macrocosm, the infinite space ... Or should I say "finite" space?

[@0623kaboom]

finite as in what we can observe infinite as in there is more beyond what we cant see ...

[@ElisabethArana]

Thank you 0623kaboom 😊 I really appreciate your help! Thank you!

[@Dc-zu1ii]

Children should be learning this in grade school.

[@kathyyoung1774]

Dylan Childs They can’t. We have Common Core now, dumbing them down so they all learn exactly the same thing, no more, no less, and as slowly and painfully as possible.

[@Dc-zu1ii]

So much stifled potential.

[@richardgreen7225]

He mentions that there is a Schwarzschild radius on the order of the visible universe. But he does not describe what the consequences might be for astronomy or cosmology. Perhaps that would be too speculative.

[@0623kaboom]

look at the universal temperature plot ... and then the order of the universe ... the schawrzzchild scale he is talking about is mapping out what lies outside of our observable universe ... and is literally plotting what he is trying to do within our observable universe ... essentially it is the distance of influence of each segment of the universe ... and as there are billions upon billions of these the more readings taken the more accurate the plotting of inside and outside the observable universe will be ... which can also be obtained on a much smaller scale more accurately and more readily and more cost effectively ... if they just bothered to try ...

[@sciencetroll6304]

So what's the average atomic number of a neutron star ?

[@davidhenningson4782]

Hahaha... nil of course.

[@sciencetroll6304]

I was thinking more like 586,821,049,201,758,385 or so.

[@davidhenningson4782]

@@sciencetroll6304 but atomic number has to do with number of "protons" in the nucleus of an atom. A neutron star 'has no protons'😉

[@sciencetroll6304]

I Thought it was the number of neutrons ?

[@davidhenningson4782]

@@sciencetroll6304 the number of protons gives the atomic number, the combination of protons and neutrons give the atomic mass (which varies depending on whether there are fewer or more neutrons than protons in the atomic nucleus. )

[@pintvdkint2515]

Biljans? He was talking about their funding ... Where do they get those kinds of amounts of money? Can anyone tell me that?...

[@stan1050]

The cornets are expensive at the interval.

[@fonkyman]

this is exactly why we need to go to space man... build it space at any distance you desire and your good to go

[@chronosschiron]

bell canada needs to see this chart

[@chronosschiron]

seems they been lying about costs

[@MrCretemaniam]

He also peruses... that's a good sign !

[@mistypixstudios6304]

the auditorium is too small

[@unameit0000]

Suggestion: "The stuff that comes out of the black hole" is dark matter

[@Fig_Bender]

@SmoothRide Gravitational interactions

[@garfor9636]

Hawking radiation?

[@svendhansen5427]

You might wery well have a point there. Or Gateway to another dimension. For sure Black wholes has a bigger purpose. Could be big bang was the birth from a black wholes energy in another dimension. Dark matter seems to be out og this World and I like your veuw.

[@smallstudiodesign]

I reAlly appreciate these lectures ... but I’m hoping that Institute could invest in better audio visual and few more technical issues. Considering how this is an upper level science institution of learning - r&d etc.

[@rexremedy1733]

This is nice.

[@ogpeekhal]

breathe brother....take a deep breath and breathe!

[@LalitPathak07]

I applied to PITP for its master's program but i couldn't be selected.Currently I am a PhD research scholar at IIT Gandhinagar, India. I would like to come perimeter institute in future.

[@simonsong1743]

I think black hole is not the result of matter collapsing, but an original anti-matter galaxy just symmetrically corresponds to each of the matter galaxies. So we in fact have two universe, another one exists just like our own, all at the center of galaxies, in black holes. I.e, we are living in the black hole of Their Milky Way in the eyes of that anti-matter world.

[@ossiedunstan4419]

Claim's with out evidence can be dismissed without evidence , you claim is as outrageous as religion. Black holes do not exist , Black is not part of the electro magnetic spectrum, Holes can never have mass. Here is the actual evidence against the label , Black joles, why when they where named over 200 years ago does a an ignorant christian get to name them. Black holes are just stars that do not radiate. Not holes solid objects. The black disc in the EHT image is the size of the dark star not the hole that cannot exist. John Michell (/ˈmɪtʃəl/; 25 December 1724 - 21 April 1793) was an English natural philosopher and clergyman who provided pioneering insights in a wide range of scientific fields, including astronomy, geology, optics, and gravitation. Considered "one of the greatest unsung scientists of all time",[1] he was the first person known to propose the existence of Dark Stars not black holes in publication, the first to suggest that earthquakes travel in waves, the first to explain how to manufacture artificial magnets, and the first to apply statistics to the study of the cosmos, recognizing that double stars were a product of mutual gravitation. He also invented an apparatus to measure the mass of the Earth. He has been called both the father of seismology and the father of magnetometry. The term “black hole“ was itself coined in 1968 by the Princeton physicist John Wheeler, who worked out further details of a black hole's properties. The most common black holes are probably formed by the collapse of massive stars. Stars do not collapse, they explode. Your entire post is nothing more than Psychotic Psycho Babble.

[@liammcguinness5465]

What would happen if you flew into a black hole at the speed of light

[@yendorelrae5476]

I like this guy!

[@babyUFO.]

11 billion and 25 years later... no JWST yet