Baalbek: Mystery of the Trilithon Stones

Baalbek, known as Heliopolis by the Romans, is one of the most fascinating archaeological sites in Lebanon. There is a massive acropolis on the tell, featuring numerous temples. In the podium or platform that supports the temple to Jupiter Heliopolitanus are a number of massive stones, the three largest known together as the trilithon. Who put these megaliths here and how? In this video, Dr, Miano addresses that question and responds to a popular video by Amazing Stock on the subject.
Navigation:
0:00 Introduction to Baalbek
05:37 On the dating of the Trilithon
15:40 Commentary on Amazing Stock's video
After viewing, come back to the notes here for further information.
►DOWNLOAD Professor Miano's free e-booklet: "Why Ancient History Matters":
mailchi.mp/a402112ea4db/why-a...
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We hope you enjoyed watching this #mythsofancienthistory episode about #baalbek.
Point of clarification: the weights given in this video and referred to as tons are metric tons.
References and recommended reading:
Amazing Stock's video:
• Historians Are Forbidd...
On Greek and Roman building techniques:
• LOST HIGH TECHNOLOGY.....
pdfslide.net/documents/liftin...
pubhtml5.com/wqza/poyt/basic/1...
www.academia.edu/19626045/J.P...
amzn.to/3cpJ5jK
On the development of the complex:
bollettinodiarcheologiaonline...
www.academia.edu/35732326/Sup... (in German)
daniellohmann.net/dox/lohmann_...
www.cipaheritagedocumentation...
www.academia.edu/6071030/War_...
amzn.to/3UOge0E
amzn.to/4bJ8x2G
On the excavations in the quarry:
sci-hub.se/10.5325/jeasmedarc...
On the moving of the stones:
www.persee.fr/doc/syria_0039-... (click on pdf)
gilgamesh42.wordpress.com/201...
drmsh.com/transporting-trilit...
On the similarities of Podium 1 with Herod's Temple in Jerusalem:
www.academia.edu/1850855/Mast...
On the remains found after digging a shaft through the Great Courtyard:
www.academia.edu/28268720/Exa...
On the Pre-Pottery Neolithic Period in Lebanon:
www.researchgate.net/publicat...
Other Baalbek studies:
www.academia.edu/download/316...
Moving of the Thunderstone:
cnum.cnam.fr/pgi/fpage.php?4K...
www.google.com/books/edition/...
link.springer.com/chapter/10....
Professor Miano's handy guide for learning, "How to Know Stuff," is available here:
www.amazon.com/How-Know-Stuff...
Follow Professor Miano on social media:
►FACEBOOK: / drdavidmiano
►TWITTER: / drdavidmiano
►INSTAGRAM: / drmiano

[@BottleBri]

You are providing a service with these videos by revealing the truth about the monuments and how they were quarried and moved. There are far too many fantasists around today.

[@massivechafe]

In a time where there's so much conspiracy on the internet about our ancient past, this kind of debunking is great to see. Like a light shining through the horseshit. Cheers mate!

[@bongfonder]

Ditto 👍

[@iikwoodii5565]

I just have this horrible mental image of someone trying to actually shine a light through some actual horseshit.

[@ahklys1321]

Debunking? Let's see what is being claimed and counter-claimed

[@austinballard3818]

I'm not necessarily disagreeing.. but you are aware that simply being a conspiracy doesn't necessarily mean that it's false right?? I mean people conspire all the time..

[@lincolnyaco5626]

@@austinballard3818 That's what WE think, too!😸😼😺😼😽🐱🐈🐈‍⬛😸😹😻😽(one of us one of us one of us one of us)

[@TheHatecraft]

I hope in his off time he prank calls the ancient aliens guy.

[@psylocibin9359]

😂😂😂😂😂

[@TonyLambregts]

Stefan sent me.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Tell him I said hi! 🙂

[@orlandocampos2991]

I love how the entire time you eloquently broke down all his arguments but when he mentioned mayan art showing weld masks and saws and you chuckled was great, hilarious. Also there is this young youtuber named Charlie Gee who is currently a practitioner of classical stone mason technique and art, there are tons of his beautiful works in his shorts and videos, that can definitely give people a glimpse of what 'ancient peoples' with 'simple tools and elbow grease' were really capable of. Another fantastic video as always.

[@vladimirlagos2688]

I'm here after seeing an interview / discussion on Stefan Milo's channel. Glad I checked. This is one of the good ones. Subscribed.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Thank you. Welcome aboard!

[@dandoig5153]

Me too!

[@cantsay8894]

Milo is another academic hack.

[@ddavidjeremy]

I would like to properly thank you for making this video. It opened my eyes. I'm a little embarrassed to say that I was a member of the History Channel cult. This video helped me break free.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Wow, hey, I am very happy to hear it was helpful!

[@bluesdirt6555]

History channel was good at one time but like everything greed gets in the way

[@louisjov]

Don't be embarrassed. It happens to a lot of people. I was pretty into the ancient alien thing in high school, but I've always been interested in conspiracies in that sort of thing. After watching Ancient Aliens Debunked on KZbin, I realized how fallacious their arguments were, and it sent me down the path of being more skeptical of that sort of thing in general

[@erinmcgraw5208]

I can watch your content over & over, it's of such a high quality!! 💙 Thank you for sharing this for free Professor Miano, it's the Ancient History class I always wanted!!!

[@WorldofAntiquity]

I am happy to hear you're appreciating it, Erin!

[@Stupidityindex]

Thanks to Gunnar Heinsohn, Antiquity is nearer than we were told by Church & State.

[@Stupidityindex]

The Christian archeologist must make exceptions for not finding Jesus in 300 years where he was expected.

[@lincolnyaco5626]

Amen, broh! Dr. M. is my favorite TV producer! I find his productions visually delightful, his research intellectually stimulating, and his choice of subject matter vastly entertaining! How neat to have this rare combination combined with rigorous thought, logic, and sanity! No "Ancient Aliens" here, boy! (and girl!)

[@Thunderwolf666]

This was fantastic. Well reasoned, well referenced and critical of bad archaeology. Subscribed.

[@an0therdimensi0n99]

it is worse than just bad archeology. it's intentional disinformation.

[@charles5a]

FYI. Baalbek isn't 22 ft nor 65 ft above sea level. Both the temple & the quarries are over 3800 ft above sea level. In any case, how high above sea level doesn't matter. As you said, they're adjacent to each other, which is what matters. Very informative video. Thank you.

[@waynegoddard4065]

There was a time (not long ago in historical terms) that I would of watched that Amazing Stock video and thought it was cool and moved on with my life but now not so much. Videos like that shouldn't be allowed. Glad I found this channel. I've spent hours watching the older videos and it's made me subconsciously more critical of the manure I watch on here sometimes. Quality channel.

[@StefanMilo]

Brilliant vid, excellently explained!

[@jeffczermanski2993]

It is not too often (never actually) that I see one of my favorite channels commenting on another of my favorite channels. I had to comment. p.s. the microphone on a spoon makes me laugh every time.

[@eileenmcgovern9193]

I found this site from you.... I love the rational explanations both of you give

[@dandoig5153]

Stefan, I have spent many a night being lulled to sleep by your dulcet tones!

[@cantsay8894]

Ha not at all. When you read that use William Shatner’s voice.

[@Sumcant]

Crap vid, at what point does he provide evidence of method? All he is saying is what he has read in books and just regurgitating academia, show me how things were done and I’ll show you a thousand engineers that will pick it apart and prove you are wrong Why can’t you morons just say, we don’t actually know

[@philwhatever3903]

As somebody who whole heartedly believed that it took some more advanced tech that hadn’t been explained, to move these massive blocks of stone. Nobody explains it better then what you have, how they was and how it was most definitely possible. Between this and your other video on Baalbek regarding the granite columns. I now have a complete picture in my head on how it was done and how it was possible. I actually feel quite an idiot for being duped by all these other conspiracy videos. 😂🙈

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Thank you for watching with an open mind!

[@roncobb9837]

Don't feel duped, this guy is most likely a paid mouth piece for the iron tools idiot liars who know better. The Road, he so quickly dismissed, like it was utterly stupid, would absolutely have to of been there, and been built for transporting 1000 ton stones. And I'd like to see these logs that have lived through such nonsense as they would be turned into toothpicks so fast, ha, maybe 6 inches and poof ! Toothpicks ! Dirt road ? That's really dumb ! The second you put a stone like that on logs, in Dirt, they will disappear into the soil. Buyer B ware ! This guy is either another liar or just plain stupid. I hope with all my heart that one day we do find a nice, intact stone cutting machine from ? Then, 35,000 BC maybe ? Or older ? Think 🤔

[@greghansen38]

Anybody could become a miniature expert in some field and then bamboozle others because there's just no way for everyone to keep up with everything.

[@ToxicallyMasculinelol]

You shouldn't feel like an idiot - they do a quite impressive job of misrepresenting the evidence to mislead people. On Baalbek in particular, just as one of many examples, they have convinced people that these stones are long, gigantic slabs like "landing pads" by misrepresenting photos of them. Since you haven't been there in the flesh, it's easy to not have a clear idea of what this place actually looks like. So when they show you pictures of sections of it, out of context, they can use these illusions to make you think something out of step with reality.

[@ansfridaeyowulfsdottir8095]

*_"I actually feel quite an idiot for being duped by all these other conspiracy videos."_* Don't feel an idiot. Charlatans and frauds like UneducatedX,. Fright Inshyte, Graysham Hackcrock, Lyin' Brien Fraudster _et al_ make a living by lying to an audience of people who are genuinely interested in the ancient past but have no specialist knowledge of it. It's easy for them to tie together lots of threads and playing the _"We don't know how they did it!" card and the "We cannot even do this today!" card and weaving a quite compelling web of deceit and ignorance. They are the Flat Earther YEC equivalent of the ancient archaeology field. The difference is that these bozos are actual liars and frauds, whereas a lot of YECs actually believe the Earth is only 6 to 10 thousand years old. I most cases, we DO know how they did it and we CAN duplicate it today. The Saturn 5 rockets weighed a huge amount and we moved them just fine and even raised them to an upright position with "Space Age Precision". Of course, Flat Earthers will say that never happened, space is fake and so on. The Ancient Alien Brigade know damn well they are lying through their teeth, but even they would not claim that there's no such things as space, because they pretend that's where the ancient builders came from! {:-:-:}

[@bettywilson966]

LOL What can I say? Educational AND funny, Do it again, do it again

[@jeffczermanski2993]

Sorry it took me so long to find your channel. I'm always looking for good stuff on ancient history. Also, thank you for making videos that talk about how crazy most of the other stuff about this subject is. Sometimes I think I'm the crazy one for not believing the crazy theories. It is great to hear someone talk about this stuff who has the background and is not just discussing what they 'wish' happened in the past.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Thank you, and welcome!

[@ahklys1321]

Stop it. So wise, aren't you

[@shootgunMarvel]

im also trying to find good stuff on ancient history besides im Portuguese and in Portuguese there's nothing to find .. 🤢 so when i find channels like this one its a joy very hard to describe 😂 I just can't get enough

[@jamesmccreery250]

You did not change my mind, I agreed with you all along.

[@drakedorosh9332]

I really enjoyed the beginning. It was nice to hear information on the history of the site that were based on the archaeology. It is fun to hear the locals explain their ideas about the site and how it was made by giants and destroyed in the "great flood" but I am more happy to have the actual information about the site explained. Thank you.

[@doctorspockARTS]

This was the video our yours that got me to subscribe. It’s been two years now and the channel has definitely evolved and has turned out to be very entertaining from my point of view. Keep up the good work!!

[@KelleyWilliams]

I love what you do. I'm tired of people proposing silly ideas without going unchecked. keep it up. tell the facts as we know it

[@ahklys1321]

How is it sure that the 2nd wall was done to hide first? Let's demand the same degree of certainty from you which you require from others, ancient.

[@faizanrana2998]

Aaaahahahaaa

[@lous.1548]

Thank you so much . I was lucky enough to have spent lots of time in Baalbeck when i was younger . Being there at night is just mezmerising , the energy . You really feel humble with so much history .

[@sjmarel]

What a magnificent essay. I recently discovered your channel and I'm having a blast with your long form critiques.

[@gypsyonethreethreeseven4919]

Balbeck is a place of wonder. I prefer facts to wild fantasies, even when dealing with a place of wonder. Thank you for your research and another great video.

[@lincolnyaco5626]

The facts make these wondrous places even MORE wondrous!

[@Geeman002]

Great video. I do not and never have believed the ancient “advanced (or aliens) society. People do not give our ancestors enough credit. They were as intelligent and creative as mankind is today. I do enjoy watching your videos because it’s fun to see how easy it is to explain the “unexplainable”. I do believe that some of these “advanced ancient society” people are simply, and mistakenly, looking for answers on the human condition; there must have a god or an ancient people is a religion to some of them.

[@metalhigh0043]

Awesome thank you I never miss an episode

[@riccardomoscatello2030]

I'm addicted to your videos, amazing work! I can't stop listening to them while I work, I hope I won't run out of new ones too soon :D

[@panosvrionis8548]

Wish I had "teachers" like you 😔😔 You deserve more subs. I think KZbin algorithm doesn't make you any favours. Greetings from Greece 😙

[@casparcoaster1936]

Finally, someone really at referencing and citing modern history

[@lalaLAX219]

Great video! I was fascinated to learn about all of the archeological research that has been done at this site. TBH, I didn’t subscribe to your channel in the past because I thought you spent way too much time picking apart “how” a theory was presented...when really I just want to learn more about these amazing sites! I thought you did an excellent job in this video focusing on the facts and hope you keep with this format. Subscribed!

[@ahklys1321]

That's my issue so far. Not enough explanation, just trying to undermine questions or observations by others.

[@TheAntiburglar]

I can confirm that nothing you said changed my mind, as I already understood the fact that ancient peoples were, indeed, quite spectacular and capable of amazing feats. I will say, though, that you have provided a fascinating and in depth look at a site I wasn't terribly familiar with :D

[@philosothink]

Having watched the video, and heard the original one LIE about 30 degree slants that are 15 degrees, and repeatedly lie about the quarry being lower in elevation than the temple, either you didn't believe these things when you originally watched it, or?

[@Ugly_German_Truths]

That people even feel the need to make up these "high civilisation" theories in the first place is astonishing to me. It is PILES OF ROCK. Throw time, money and 10,000 workers at it and ultimately it will be done. Nothing miraculous about it, only the awe of seeing human persistence at work. Those people have my pity, to be caught and locked up inside so puny minds, that anything they cannot imagine is automatically a feature requiring magical thinking.

[@lincolnyaco5626]

@@Ugly_German_Truths I originally became enamored of history and archeology in the early '80s when I was prompted to read a delightful, slim volume, "1066". It was then I realized that history could be as weird and engrossing as science fiction (which I'd been reading since I was 9). Learning the truthful story of Baalbek is another example of how wild, odd, and exotic the real stuff can be! Isaac Asimov's Harry Seldom & his "future histories" led me to PAST histories and an appreciation for deep time (which has extended into a layman's interest in cosmological history and astrophysics--tho I can't claim to understand Neil Degras-Tyson nearly as well as Dr. M.). I have a profound appreciation for all the time and effort Dr. M. applies to these productions! Again, thanks!

[@PoliticalFuturism]

This is great! These videos are great deep dives on their subjects!

[@surfk9836]

Came cause of Stephan, stayed for the great content.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Welcome!

[@FrogInPot]

Awesome channel man! I'm so glad Steven Milo paired with you so that I now know about you. So excited to watch all your vids. Thanks heaps

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Welcome aboard!

[@jamestnov41945]

David love your channel. I look at this and other famous locations with awe and wonder. Obviously a tremendous amount of blood sweat and tears were involved in all of these construction projects. We humans are incredible.

[@caligulite]

Heard about you from Stefan. Having since watched several of your videos, my favorites are Trowelocity and your interviews. As far as your myth series, It's disturbing that critical thinking seems to be in severe decline these days, but you are charitable in your open-mindedness towards this kind of content and its creators. These folks are doing everyone a disservice with their misinformation, so thanks for fighting the good fight! Perhaps the stress of modern times is causing more & more people to retreat back into fantasy-prone thinking.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Thanks so much, Scott! I am glad you found the channel.

[@Ugly_German_Truths]

Sorry Dr Dave, you did NOT change my mind, as i never subscribed to the Ancient Civilisations drivel in the first place, but you delivered a well thought out, sourced and presented summary of actual knowledge gained through proper archaeological and historical work, instead of pulled from some shadowy areas of anatomy to create fantastical "conspiracy theories"! Which is MUCH better in my book!

[@MohsenHajHassan]

Fascinating, thank you 🙏

[@beforeoriondotcom]

Great video!

[@andypowell4538]

Wow thank you, I've been watching loads of baalbek videos this last year, none explained it like this. Now I know it more than likely was the Roman's. Please could you in investigate the sarcophagus's in the serapeaum in Egypt that's the only other mystery I really need explained. Then I can die happy. Great work 👍

[@WorldofAntiquity]

The Serapeum is on my list! Can't wait to dig into it.

[@JMM33RanMA]

@@WorldofAntiquity Wouldn't "can't wait to chisel into it" be a more reasonable choice of words? That's especially so because a chisel will be needed to remove the load of bs faux-archaeology plastered all over the subject.

[@bluesdirt6555]

Those are almost more amazing and hard to figure out then the pyramids!!

[@billybobwombat2231]

How did the builders move stone blocks in excess of 1000 tons?

[@willmosse3684]

Now that he has released his video series on Ancient Egypt, including the Serapeaum, did you see it? He just put them all out as one three hour video. Long, but well worth the watch.

[@dangerclose191]

Sir, I was a believer in the Ancient Astronaut theory until I stumbled across your work. Thank you for the work you are doing to open my eyes to just how amazing people are.

[@Breyzn]

Thank you sir. My new ancient history channel.

[@chrisball3778]

Those giant abandoned stones in the quarry strongly suggest that the Roman builders of the temple had originally planned to use a bunch of massive stones to build the podium, but after managing to move the three from the trilithon they decided it wasn't worth it and scaled back the plans, abandoning the even larger blocks and finishing the design with smaller ones. I.e. they were operating at the upper limit of what the technology they had could achieve. That's why they're some of the biggest every quarried during that era. No need for near-magical Atlantean super-tech.

[@bartdebondt8663]

I smell logical fallacy with an Atlantian strawman

[@derwini7404]

@@bartdebondt8663 There are people out there that do believe it's Atlantean magic/technology or Giants or Aliens. He's making a joke about those particular people.

[@samhui9433]

That’s pure conjecture and a wild theory to fit preconceived notions. They thought that was too hard and instead decided to stack 100 ton blocks on top of 70 foot columns?? The whole temple complex took decades to build it doesn’t make sense they would just quit half way through. Romans never had a history of using cutting or using blocks as large as these… The theory that the megalithic blocks were part of some pre Roman construction is just as viable.

[@oer4785]

You changed my mind. You have to know that we used to play at those sites as kids. And as kids we all had our theories. We didn’t like to attribute this work to the Roman because we wanted to take credits… Anyway, now that we are old, and specially after seeing this video I truly think that Baalbek’s ruins aren’t much of a mystery. And this is due to only one fact that you mentioned : « The site of excavation is higher in altitude than the temples ». I’m going to believe that, even though we grew up there and never noticed it. Because otherwise it would have been nearly impossible to lift these megaliths up. The fact that altitude is more favourable to the possibility to do these actions 2000 years ago clears all mystery.

[@MaryAnnNytowl]

Clear explanations, and a sharp wit when needed! Very good video!

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Thanks! 👍

[@straingedays]

After watching a random video on Baalbek, was pleasantly pleased the algorithm recommend yours to watch next (I'd already seen yours more than once, but now watching & listening again as it's exceptional in every way). Your MYTHS videos are my all-time favourites, as with FACTS, you crush all BS conspiracy theories with concise proven archaeology. If a historical 3D Artist & your narration, were to reconstruct these ancient wonders of human achievement throughout time. To see the layers of these sites grow before our eyes, while hearing your voice explaining each layers historical and archaeological references: It would be a truly monumental collaboration video series for the modern age. Now, the algorithm suggests to view: What Brien Foerster Gets WRONG about BAALBEK. and Who Made the BARABAR CAVES? Seen `em before, but I'll gladly `em watch again !!

[@varyolla435]

Absolutely channels like this help to dispel the so-called "alternative" arguments while further expounding upon the history so as to inform. There are programs to be found on television - yes they sometimes actually do get it correct - which sometimes do as you alluded to = provide visual representation of what ancient sites originally appeared. Also there are academic groups today dedicated to the preservation of things like tombs who use the internet and technology to help bring these things to life for the average person. As an example the Theban Mapping Project has spent years laser-mapping the tombs of the Valley of the Kings. They created a website where you can look at a given tomb and via 3-D do a visual "walkthrough" of the tomb to step back or expand upon sections of the iconography on the tomb walls. Academia is actually trying here. They are simply being "drown out" by the algorithms as you say and the "alternative" channel nonsense which bases all upon "clicks" rather than content. Enjoy your day.

[@christopherbuss680]

When i learned about the trilithon stones and how big they are i always wondered how they were moved. I have to say if there ever was an ancient culture that could move something this large, it absolutely would be the romans. They were absolutely, amazingly advanced compared with the contemporary cultures. Anyway, the explaination of how they achieved the rediculously difficult task of moving those stones was my favorite part of the video. Useing capstans and winches makes it easily believable that they were able to move the stones. That is truely impressive. I always wondered how they were moved and now i understand how they probably did it.

[@AncientArchitects]

Very good video, David. I came to the conclusion it was Roman too when I looked into all the work that had been done at the site. 👍

[@Radioactive_Slime]

Thanks Ancient Architects for referring me to this in your last video. Excellent stuff. I must say, if there is one thing the Romans are known for, it’s their roads!

[@TheMoneypresident]

Better show this to Brien.

[@100_Dollar_Bill]

TheMoneypresident 😳😜

[@MrJonsonville5]

Hey, fancy seeing you here.

[@dougv3142]

@World of Antiquity, please make a debunking video on Ancient Architects Atlantis theory that the lost city is in the North Sea, off the coast of Ireland, lol. Matt said "I believe I found it". Quite possibly the worst theory in existence for Atlantis. For a channel as big as his, this needs to be addressed!

[@pouyashahrouei7433]

Your commitment to truth is exemplary, professor!

[@keithfitzpatrick4139]

Another fine video that makes perfect sense. Thanks for debunking these rampant myths.

[@keithnance4209]

So happy I found your site! The amount of actual disinformation propagated by channels in support of the ‘alternative’ theories is astounding and it is unfortunate that too many people are just too willing to run with it.

[@MrAchile13]

While the Thunderstone weighs under 1000 tons currently, after the final processing, the Russians also moved the Alexander Column, weighing around 600 tons. They also made the Tsar Bath, which is similar to the Serapeum sarcophagi, but it's round in shape. The Russian really revived the megalithic trend for a short while.

[@markwilliams5654]

Yep nowhere near 1200t factcheck your stuff

[@MrAchile13]

@@markwilliams5654 what are you talking about? Which 1200 tons?

[@RedLithic]

Apparently it was around 1500 tons then was carved down to 1250 by the end, rough hewing in transit and all that.

[@histguy101]

Nothing needed to be revived, because moving massive stones by simple methods wasn't something that ever ceased, from the bronze age into the 20th century, and in some parts of the world this is still being done today.

[@jasonpapai73]

Its so refreshing to have actual scientists talking actual science on youtube - rather than the nonsense we get from the hancocks, and the unchartedx, and the brights, and the other psuedo-nutters

[@vredacted3125]

Amazing video, thank you.

[@kellyfarley539]

Thank you for taking the time to explain and provide information about our ancient history. Yet, I came to you entirely backward because KZbin first suggested many prominent pseudo-historians and the maker of Ancient Architechs before you. I delved deep into their fantastical approach to our ancient past, not with enough references for me to question them or pick up their poorly constructed arguments. You only came up very recently. It is delightful to watch you discuss their hypotheses, point out the errors, and back up your understanding of history with accurate data. It is entertaining to think some unknown high technology existed in the ancient past. However, it is more inspiring to understand that our past peoples did these monumental works of architecture with their rudimentary tools and labor. If we wanted to move a 100 million ton, perfectly square, and polished rock today, we could do it if the need was there for us to achieve it. But it's not, so we choose not to do it. However, KZbin has a problem that needs addressing, so more people see creditable people discussing history.

[@kellyfarley539]

I just became a Patron subscriber. Thanks again.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Thanks so much, Kelly!

[@benpracht2655]

As a fan of Roman history, thank you for sticking up for them and not just assuming all their hard work was just ancient aliens. If I were Roman, I'd be offended by those theories.

[@ahklys1321]

It's not one or the other. So many posters on these vids don't seem that bright.

[@simonthorneycroft1339]

Well done. I come across (get sent) many videos claiming that an ancient lost civilisation or an alien one made the pyramids etc, and i do challenge them. This video is much better informed than I can be, and does the refutation very well. Keep it up

[@gypsyonethreethreeseven4919]

Great video. Very well explained. Very interesting. Not only is it a great topic but it seems to be informed facts shining through.

[@russellmillar7132]

Stefan Milo suggested I watch this for a sane rendering of the evidence. It also serves to reinforce the timeline of the various empires that ruled the Levant. Solid archaeological work on the strata nails time dating of original construction and subsequent additions. You gotta admit, though, the size of that block--they could have used a couple aliens on the crew!

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Yes, especially the Herculons from the planet Herculus!

[@ahklys1321]

I hope he describes how the Romans put them there, with some level of depth.

[@russellmillar7132]

@@ahklys1321 He does.

[@ahklys1321]

@@russellmillar7132 oh yeah, they rolled it down hill from a higher quarry. Its a theory until I get every single detail and measurement. What's good for the goose...

[@russellmillar7132]

@@ahklys1321 Okay. Your post said " you hope...". That would indicate that you had not watched the video and were anticipating that the content provider was going to give his explanation for how it was done. For me his was the best explanation I'd heard so far. But it sounds you are a little more " skeptical " than I. Have you been convinced of another scenario? When do you think Baalbek was built? Who do you think built it? What tools and technology did these people have? What dating methods do you believe were used to establish the timeline for it's construction. How do you reconcile the work done by earlier researchers wherein they sunk a shaft in the acropolis, through the various layers of occupation ( til the pre-pottery neolithic level ) yielding no sign of a previous high tech society? Dr. Miano's claim is that the builders were most likely Greco-Roman. Both of those ancient cultures are known for their megalithic prowess. The temple in Jerusalem has numerous stone blocks of similar size, and was likely designed and built by the same architect. Do you have the same doubts as to who built the Parthenon or the Colosseum?

[@damonkempton8999]

Ok I'd like to hear your take on the Serapeum if I'm honest. Thought this and most of your work is very refreshing. Thank you.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Coming in the near future!

[@damonkempton8999]

Honestly you've been so helpful at putting all my questions to rest. If I may the stone protrusion on the block work around the world has always confused me.

[@banditthedog6268]

Great videos...I enjoy your work

[@alpussycatthesubstantialch4049]

Once again David, brilliant.

[@baronscrofule4226]

Great video, thanks! There is one small inexact detail, about the Thunderstone's moving process, as described in J-P Adam's study : it wasn't moved on wooden rollers but on bronze alloy spheres! The technique proposed for Baalbek remains roughly the same as the one used for the Thunderstone though, and Adam's model establishes the use of a greater number of capstans and men to tackle friction issues.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Thanks for sharing!

[@Pistolita221]

@@WorldofAntiquity I'm curious if you agree with the hypothesis that Gunung Padang could be 22k ybp.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

@@Pistolita221 From what I understand, there are two sets of carbon dates, one from 2012, which is realistic, and one from 2014, which is not. It looks like more data is needed.

[@veniqer]

How'd they lift the stones onto the spheres?

[@michaelrzepinski9975]

@@veniqer and on what roads?

[@walterulasinksi7031]

There are similar megalithic type stones that have been uncovered at the base of the Temple mount built by “Herod the Great” as part if his rebuilding of the Hasmonean second temple. In that Herod was Syrian, and that the Romans had elevated Herod to Client King that similar types of construction methods were used in areas not too distant from each other, can indicate the use of the same administrative function system.

[@vasjabojanic5620]

Well I have to say your channel is most needed KZbin channel ever. And YT should put your videos on top instead of bogus alt clickbait videos. Great videos, with particularly carefully measured hint of humor. Perfect! Subscribed.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Thanks, and welcome!

[@MrGitsnShiggles]

I've typed several paragraphs worth of comments while listening to this only to have them made Moot seconds before hitting "comment".. I love this guy!!

[@not-a-summerchild]

I'm working my way through the playlist and can't tell you how much I appreciate content like this! There's something new to learn in every video, even if I feel my disbelief reach new dimensions at some of the claims those people lay out. It baffles me to no end that they can't fathom the ingenuity and problem solving capability of people in the past, not to speak about the sheer dishonesty when dealing with already established facts.

[@surreycpr]

One thing that springs to mind is the necessity to use blocks this big, the Romans where master builders and accomplished bewildering feats of construction, but they built in a way that didn't make it as difficult as humanely possible - unlike structures we see in Egypt. Also why leave it in the quarry, why the waste? More have now been discovered than just the 'Pregnant Women' in that quarry - all of slimier size. It doesn't seem very Roman to waste materials and effort. I'm not saying the Romans couldn't move these if they put their minds to it , but the question has to be would they want to? why not just saw them up and move them in stages?

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Smaller blocks were taken out of the huge stone of the north in the quarry, so it looks like they did decide to break them down at one point. The temple was never finished, so they seem to have abandoned not only the stones in the quarry, but the entire project.

[@surreycpr]

@@WorldofAntiquity -But what were the big stones at the quarry going to be for? The Trilithon was already in place, I cant see the need for that scale of block use anywhere else on the site except for the manufacture of columns, but the Romans used different methods for this. Also there are ( without trying to make up arguments against the Roman 'engineers') startling differences in the building styles of the Trilithon and the rest of the Temple. As far as completion goes - I do believe that the temple was , at least, virtually completed by Circa AD 60? - What would be the necessity for 1000 ton blocks so late in the construction process? We can see the plain differences in Roman construction in the link below - Note the multi piece columns and smaller, more manageable blocks that, to be fair, probably weigh up to 150 tons, not unimpressive, but not 500 - 1000 ton. We see this style of construction all over the Roman empire and beyond. It is also speculated that a handful of 'one piece' Granite columns found in Rome may well have been removed from sites in Egypt. For Referance... www.google.com/maps/@34.0042253,36.2031008,3a,75y,231.96h,87.06t/data=!3m8!1e1!3m6!1sAF1QipOdgyRdqbiOpFi2rvrotBAZVC66prkRwfHycwZC!2e10!3e11!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipOdgyRdqbiOpFi2rvrotBAZVC66prkRwfHycwZC%3Dw203-h100-k-no-pi-7.315112-ya235.83601-ro0-fo100!7i8704!8i4352 www.google.com/maps/@34.0067056,36.203505,3a,33.6y,298.55h,92.27t/data=!3m8!1e1!3m6!1sAF1QipPM-U_tsRsoFm0Bchhy4eFxI_g_Z4mCM7kqc1Zd!2e10!3e11!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipPM-U_tsRsoFm0Bchhy4eFxI_g_Z4mCM7kqc1Zd%3Dw203-h100-k-no-pi-12.0418005-ya245.0643-ro0-fo100!7i8704!8i4352

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Archeologists suggest that the larger stones were going to be placed on top of the trilithon. But as you can see, instead they decided to go with smaller blocks. I am not sure what you mean by "startling differences" in building styles, but as I mentioned in the video, the differences between podium 1 and podium 2 were observed by archaeologists. What differences do you see (other than a difference in size)? I don't see much difference in the way the stones were placed, whether large or small. As for the columns, yes, archaeologists have traced the granite back to Egypt.

[@surreycpr]

OK , these are probably a circular questions. What is the problem with an older structure being used (If that was the case) anyway? - It's not unusual.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Nothing. No problem at all. I proposed it in the video.

[@CoachPiuze]

Très intéressant! Merci!

[@Shigawire]

As a youth, I definitely believed the Baalbek ancient tech "theories" (negative incredulity) - but that's many years ago. You explain it much better than anyone though. And you're probably the only one doing it to any significant degree.

[@claudiarice9008]

Excellent analysis. Have you got an explanation for the parallel lines carved into rock in Petra, Jordan and many other places, which some say must have been made by machines?

[@WorldofAntiquity]

I may tackle that someday, but if the cracks are natural, as geologists say they are, it falls into a discipline I am less familiar with.

[@claudiarice9008]

@@WorldofAntiquity They're definitely not cracks. The argument is whether they were created by hand tools or by some lost technology.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Could you point me to which rocks you are talking about?

[@alwins7301]

@@WorldofAntiquity Take a look at this video: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gJbIi5VvgMtpd80

[@claudiarice9008]

There are many examples in the Longyou Caves in China. Here is one photo: www.google.com/search?q=longyou+caves+china&client=tablet-android-samsung-nf-rev1&prmd=minv&sxsrf=ALeKk03UAs34IvQdgVkojfpcLVfDfnDHog:1586814705150&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjLn8y2seboAhVjXRUIHex3BLcQ_AUoAnoECBIQAg&biw=1280&bih=800&dpr=1.5#imgrc=VLdsw-CwXJaFUM

[@memory8888]

Gotta say, I've been watching a LOT of alternative archaeology videos recently and I really enjoy them - they get my imagination racing. I listen hopefully but remain skeptical - and I'm always left wondering "what are other people saying? What is the commonly accepted explanation? Where are the engaging and informative youtube videos and channels from the skeptics? " Then I found your channel. Perfect. Really enjoying what I've found so far. I'll continue to watch the other channels of course - but this is the perfect companion. Also, I make 3D renders - so if you'd like to update your channel banner with something slick, let me know!

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Thanks, I will!

[@ullrich]

In the wake of Graham Hancock's Netflix special, I'm so, so glad that channels like this exist. These channels, like the one you review, rely solely on misrepresentation of sceince and archeology and kind of prey on the ignorance of the everyday person. They make claims like "this is impossible" when that couldn't be further from the truth. How many people are walking around now saying "Scientists have NO IDEA how this temple was built" when that can very easily be shown to be false. Unfortunately, people don't care about truth as much as a good story. It's much easier to just watch a KZbin channel, so I'm glad that there are people like you at least providing representations of the facts as they stand.

[@emilmendel3894]

I really appreciate the amount of work put into searching for the relevant sources and compiling them to give such good arguments. Comparing this with Amazing Stock's sources and arguments its clear who put in the real work. Sadly it is far easier and faster to spout not very well thought out arguments, that sound somewhat compelling but have no backing.

[@johnburns1476]

Hi David. Thanks for the video. It was very entertaining and informative. I will be subscribing and watching the rest of your videos too. I'm fairly new to the world of KZbin, and Baalbek has been one the best mysteries I have discovered. I am pretty open minded about things, and if there is clear and well-informed argument to hear, I am happy to listen to what the author/narrator has to say. I really liked the first part of your video, as it was very informative. Unfortunately though, I didn't find the second part as enjoyable. To be honest it felt a bit petty and derisory, which was unnecessary. The Amazing Stock video is not great, and KZbin seems to be full of videos of this ilk. However, in my opinion there are also some well researched videos out there too. Channel's like Ancient Architects and Unchartered X are shining beacons in this darkness of ill-informed, self-opinionated mire. I have watched your video several times, and downloaded your links to read up on too, but I do have some criticisms. Ironically, one these criticisms is based on something that you levy at Amazing Stock for doing. You confidently tell the listener about Amazing Stock's use of the Strawman argument when he discusses the Mussolini Monument, and quite rightly so. But unfortunately, you do the same with the Thunder Stone. You supply very little information about the massive effort it took to move this stone (no more than 11km); not just man power and the associated time and effort but also the technical innovation too. A bit of quick research, and you will see what an unbelievable achievement this was for the time. It wasn’t achieved by using log rollers. Additionally, the Thunder Stone was reduced in size while in transit, and the final piece is nowhere near the original weight when it was extracted from the marsh. The same can't be said for the massive Trilithon stones. I note from one of the posts above that you have more to learn about the Thunder Stone, which seems strange when using it as part of your argument. So, I suppose it may be a useful read. The second part of my Strawman criticism, is that you use Thunder Stone to explain away how the Trilithon stones were moved. The simple fact is that it was a "monumental" effort to move one gargantuan stone, by a relatively well-educated workforce at the start of the industrial revolution, compared to numerous colossal sized stones being moved in the distant past by slaves, artisans and soldiers at a provincial military outpost! I can only imagine you don't deliberately intend to mislead the viewers, but it is my opinion the two events are not even comparable. St Petersburg was crafted by the best architects and engineers of the time and is an unbelievable achievement. The Thunder Stone was commissioned as a monument and came at vast expense. Therefore, it is reasonable to suggest that in a location nowhere near the heartland of the Roman Empire, why would the Romans move and build with such massive stones when they really didn't have too? They were not constructing with blocks this size in Rome, so why would they do it here? As someone from the construction industry, involved in the design and coordination of buildings, I find this temple complex and its mysterious construction methods extremely interesting. The most important question everyone should be asking is, "Why build with such massive blocks?" But you don't ask this, let alone answer it. You are obviously a well-informed person but why is this issue not discussed more in your video. At one point you note that it could be to show superiority to the original construction but that is as far as you go. Lastly, I have two issues with your analysis of the site. First off, you suggest that the stones of the North and South are both orientated towards the temple; which they are not. A quick Google map view can clearly show that they are orientated North West, and the Temple is to the North East. Also, you show numerous pictures in your video that contradict your statement. Next, you are very adamant that the lowest part of the quarry is higher than the highest part of the temple floor. If possible, can you please provide your source? I have checked various topographic surveys of the town (that I can find online) and I have not found anything that matches your assertions. Please don't get me wrong. I appreciate your video and the only reason I am writing this comment, something I don't normally do, is because you have a good argument. However, I am not happy that you are lambasting a channel for not being accurate when you yourself are not providing a full and thorough argument in response. I appreciate that not everyone likes to do the deeper read it is a bit hypocritical of you to make statements that claim to debunk something, fully knowing that the majority of people you video is aimed at won’t do any further research, when you are not being accurate with your “facts”. Thanks again and looking forward to watching some more of your videos.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Hi John. Thank you for your thoughtful comments. Regarding the Thunderstone, according to the math done at the time based on its dimensions, the stone weighed 1500 tons prior to transport. Parts of it were chipped away en route, and by the time it got to its destination, it weighed 1250 tons, which is the weight I gave in the video. This comes from Alexander Schenker's book on the subject, The Bronze Horseman. You are right that it was an impressive achievement. It is the largest stone ever moved! Had the Stone of the South and the new one found at the Baalbek quarry been moved, they would have been the largest. But alas, no. It may be that the Romans bit off a little more than they could chew, so to speak. You are right that they did not use log rollers. The machine that was made to move it did use copper balls, however, which are rollers. And there were capstans as well, as I said. Yes, there were also some other elements, including guide rails. But I really think you are downplaying the intelligence and capabilities of the Roman engineers, who were astoundingly great at what they did, and who sent their people all over the empire to build. I am not sure how much you know about them, but it is a topic worth researching. In answer to your question: WHY did the Romans use stones this big? I think there is more than one theory, but the one that makes the most sense to me is that the ground under that end of the podium was susceptible to erosion, and they felt that larger stones would prevent the podium from future collapse. But please keep in mind that not having a definitive answer to the WHY question in no way negates the evidence for the WHO and WHEN questions. I don't believe I said that the stones of the north and south were oriented towards the temple. I said that the slope of the mountain descends towards the temple. Just looking at Google Earth you can tell this, but I got my information from the archaeologists who worked in the quarry. I provided a link to their report in the notes to the video. It does appear, however, that the temple is not northwest of the quarry but almost directly north, and in the case of the stone of the south, northeast. So you are right about that. But, of course, the important point is that the stones did not have to be taken uphill.

[@johnburns1476]

Hi David. Thanks for the response. I have downloaded all of your links barr the one in French (link corrupted maybe), and will be going through them when I get the chance. Look forward to some light reading while on lock down. Its been a while since I have read my books on roman architecture, I think they might be in the attic somewhere, but I think we will have agree to disagree. To move one block and position would have a massive achievement at the time, and was never matched at the major metropolises of the time. Additionally, the number and position of such massive blocks throughout the temple just doesn't make sense. The polifiration of oversized blocks with the temple complex is just rediculous; even for the most full hardy and wealthy client, experience design team and enthusiastic contractor to undertake today. It just wouldn't be done. The blocks are just too big to effeciently work with. However, I will talk to my colleagues to gauge their thoughts on the erosion thesis. If they were all located at ground level and located in the one area of unstable ground, this may have some traction. But this isn't my area of expertise, so I am just surmising. Thanks again, and looking forward to watching some of your videos.

[@DianaMarieSix]

I’m with you John, It doesn’t make sense and it’s not easily explained away.

[@salladz3863]

That column wasn’t an original part, you can tell it’s filling a gap. So the date can still be pre Roman. And that makes sense because romans never build stones to that scale again.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Perhaps an investigation of how easy it would have been to put the drum there after the fact is in order.

[@salladz3863]

World of Antiquity it’s simple retrofitting, plugging a hole. Romans built sophisticatedly designed buildings with uniformity. It’s later patch work.

[@lewisnbeans]

What about the fact that there is a older settlement underneath? I want these to be older than the Romans period by the way!

[@DanielALeary]

Again, great work. Much appreciated. Doing what I can to grow your audience.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

That's much appreciated, Daniel!

[@travisselner3476]

The only thing your missing is how they moved the trailithon stones into place, you definitely changed my mind on this one on a couple things but I'm interested in seeing how they could move those stones into place

[@timvw01]

This should have more views

[@gailhowes9398]

I have known since I came across one of your videos that you are brilliant and not afraid to share your honest thoughts. I subscribed and receive all of your videos where you verify your findings with humour to make people think. Thank you so much🤔☺️

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Thank you, and welcome!

[@tresilewis5925]

Fantastic. Love your style

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Glad you enjoyed it!

[@deathdoor]

These videos are as informative as they're infuriating.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Didn't mean to make you mad. 🙂

[@deathdoor]

@@WorldofAntiquity It's not YOUR fault.

[@dazuk1969]

Hello David, i am not interested in the nonsense amazing stock talks. So i am going to keep this simple and ask you one question. The Romans were meticulous in recording/documenting everything they did. Can you provide me with Roman citation documenting quarrying and setting the triathlon blocks ?

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Well, the Romans may have been meticulous in their record-keeping, but alas, the preservation of their documents over time has not been so conscientious. I would estimate that, of all documentation that the Romans produced, less than 1% of it has survived until today. So, as far as the trilithon blocks are concerned, no there are no records. But a book that has survived is that of Vitruvius, who provides quite a bit of detail about Roman construction, including a section on quarrying.

[@dazuk1969]

@@WorldofAntiquity Thank you for your reply David. I will try and hunt down a copy of the Vitruvius book to read...or at least research it it online. Thank you.

[@stevesanders1905]

Really good video. Nailed it...

[@stevoplex]

Thank you for diminishing my gullibility with facts, reason and history. 😃

[@stevec700]

Very interesting video. I have seen videos on this subject where construction experts have been asked about lifting and moving stoned this large. They stated that while we have the technology to lift stones this large today, they could not be moved. Yo also mention the use of wooden rollers, but again I pretty sure it has been stated that wooden rollers would be crushed under the weight of stones this large. You correctly state the elevation of the quarry and the destination are similar, but the stones still need to be lifted into place with perfect accuracy. A question just as important as how is why. Why use stones this big when smaller stones could have done the job. It is a though the size was not a problem. I hope to visit Baalbek one day to have a look. I would be intersted to hear what you think about the walls at Sacsayhuamán in Cusco, Peru. I have visited there twice and was amazed at the size and precision of the fitting of the stones.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Check out some of the other comments on this video. Wooden rollers would not be crushed, because the weight is spread out over a bunch of them. I don't understand what you mean when you say stones today can be lifted but not moved. Anyway, you might be surprised to hear about some of the moving that's been done. I do want to do a video on Cusco. I appreciate the thoughts.

[@stevec700]

@@WorldofAntiquity Thanks for your prompt reply. To clarify on the stone lifting and not moving point. It was that the cranes capable of lifting these weights are fixed position, and cannot be moved when holding the weight. With the wooden roller point. Lets say you could put a hundred log rollers under the stone, then each log would have to bear 10 tons of weight. If you go down to 10 large rollers, you're looking at 100 tons per roller. There's no tree trunk that could take that weight. There are some real mysteries here. It's possible they knew things that we don't.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

A tree trunk can indeed bear that amount of weight. Different types of wood are different, but wood generally can bear about 625 pounds per square inch. If you have trees underneath the entire bottom of the stone, with an area that large it would handle the weight no problem.

[@kaf1950]

How are the wooden rollers removed when the huge stone block is in place?

[@Eye_of_Horus]

@@kaf1950 how do you remove rollers or a wheeled cart when you move heavy thing today?

[@Za7a7aZ]

It sound all very logic and academic but still doesnt answer how these mega blocks were transported and placed. The colum drum in the wall is a fix...or could be a fix. There is no evidence that the romans ever used these construction ways...I respect how this man is informing us about the official archeologist narrative but it is just as questionable as the alternative theories..I would love to see..or hear how this scientist will explain the scoop marks at the giant obelisk at aswan. That will make things clear...

[@WorldofAntiquity]

I discussed how they were transported and placed. I also provided references below the video.

[@andrewmole745]

Excellent as always.

[@aholafungi]

You’re very knowledgeable in ancient history! I’m not sure if you’ve ever mentioned it before, but I’m curious, are you a professor, huge fan of history, just a researcher? Either way, keep the good work and thank you for your videos!

[@jasonhare8540]

I would just like to say I've been in construction for 20 years and I've done everything from manage the crew to go get the coffee and tote the ladders . Guys like that always infuriate me when they underestimate what people are capable of when a job needs doing . You would be surprised the ingenious solutions that might only be good for the one thing but you only needed it to work for the one thing on the job . No construction job comes with an ironclad manual . They come with guidelines . Just irritates me that the blue collar ancestor that worked and scraped and put all that together gets cast aside for some goofy ancient alien nonsense ... Let us have our one thing damn it . Working with our hands is our one thing and stop trying to take it away ancient aliens people 😂😂😂

[@martinboehm3718]

Aufklärung in times of “KZbin pseudo scientifics”. Thank you.

[@brianallen4297]

Hay, this was a great video, well done. I look forward to hearing more of your work and ideas.!My only minor issue was that you used the ‘most watched KZbin opposing views video’ , rather than a combination of many other better produced videos on ballbeck👍

[@WorldofAntiquity]

I understand where you are coming from. I should go after the ones with the strongest arguments, right? But there are chiefly two reasons I do it this way. One is that my mission is to correct popular misinformation, and so I look for the most popular videos, because they are the ones that do the most damage. My second reason is that it would take a super long time to go through every video on a subject in order to find the best ones. However, I do take recommendations, so feel free to send them my way, if you think they need answering.

[@helenamcginty4920]

What amazes me is how clean and tidy some backgrounds are. I am reassured when I see a background of messy bookshelves and piles of stuff and know Im not alone.

[@MrJonsonville5]

I'm so glad this showed up in my suggestions. This was a great video. I love seeing these charlatans torn to shreds : )

[@TheMoneypresident]

Please debunk unchartedx channel.

[@alwins7301]

I would love to see him try! What he's doing now is taking the worst video and basically making fun of it without looking at the actual valid points made by good video producers...

[@TheMoneypresident]

@@alwins7301 he only uses 1900 archeologists as proof. Or scoffs at claims made back then. To make a point. Did you see him try to sell the Corona joke tshirts? Then called people stupid for taking offense.

[@alwins7301]

@@TheMoneypresident He does not use any archeologist as any proof. He references to the works of early archeologists like Flinders Petrie to support some of his points. Like with the core drill holes. The point being that they are not modern, and the penetration rate is way higher than that of modern drills. Also, how do you explain circular saw marks, the diorite vases and things like the serapeum?? To me it is clear the dynastic Egyptians are not the ones responsible for any of the impressive stone work in Egypt. They are probably responsible for all the mud brick structures and have carved their hieroglyphs into anything they encountered.

[@TheMoneypresident]

@@alwins7301 scientists against myths channel. she isn't exactly making masterpieces that had a family of skilled craftsmen helping see for yourself. Duplicated as a beginner sacred geometry decoded channel duplicated how things can be done.

[@AustinKoleCarlisle]

@@TheMoneypresident if these objects are not made to the precision of ancient artifacts, then they are not "duplicated".

[@stage1greg]

i am really digging this channel. oh, and there is currently a road from the quarry to the temple site. so why wouldn't there have been one back then? thank you for this video.

[@Sjess25]

Found your channel following the Flint Dibble / Graham Hancock debate on JRE. (I used to be a fan of GH some time ago in my early 20s) I’m currently battling depression and an overall crisis which made me turn back to the favorite topics of my youth, ancient history most notably. Could have commented on any of your videos as I’ve been watching them the whole night (thx insomnia), I really like your content and I hope more and more people find it! It’s baffling to me that the actual facts you mention about the real ancient civilizations we know about are crazy and incredible, yet so many people need to imagine an extra layer of craziness to it in the form of a lost ancient civilization. Dark times

[@WorldofAntiquity]

Thanks, and welcome to the channel!

[@varyolla435]

As an aside. That you as you say have shifted your beliefs from when you were "younger" actually makes perfect sense. While our bodies basically complete their growth stage in our teens = our brains - our prefrontal cortex specifically - continue to develop typically to your mid to late-20's. Why is this important?? Answer: that is the part of your brain which helps to give you = _"insight."_ Thus people who when younger readily latched onto certain beliefs - usually for superficial reasoning - upon reaching "middle age" + obtaining more life experiences and education/maturity = come to view the world a bit differently. The exception of course are those who usually have vested some "emotional need" towards some belief system - usually for ideological reasons. At that point Pavlovian conditioning becomes a factor as well as _"confirmation bias."_ Our brains being highly amenable to "repetition" - thus why small children are taught via rote - means that if one is exposed repetitively over a number of years then even incorrect assumed beliefs can become "more real" in the minds of believers. It is a paradigm not unlike what we colloquially refer to as _"brainwashing."_ It's good that you appear to have separated "wanting to believe" from = is a thing actually believable or not - and if so why. Evidence - subject to outside validation rather than a subjective attribution of validity - rather than personal desires of perceived "truth" is what makes things factual or not. Just something to ponder. Enjoy your day.

[@sandyacombs]

It's clear from the images in your video that there are different building technology used to build Baalbek, the oldest, on the bottom, is the most advanced. The section that includes the trilithon uses massive stones that are much more weathered than the upper sections that use smaller stones. The massive blocks of the older section are cut different with much greater precision and no mortar used. This would indicate that if the Romans built the temple of Baalbek they built upon the older more massive structure. Megalithic structures are found all over the world and yet there isn't a single description of how they were built or how the massive stones were moved and lifted. Like you said about not being a crazy builder, why use stones so heavy they can barely be moved when smaller stones would have been sufficient, unless the larger blocks were easily move? Until archaeologists can explain how these massive stones were moved and lifted into place their argument about who built Baalbek is incomplete and not believable.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

*It's clear from the images in your video that there are different building technology used to build Baalbek, the oldest, on the bottom, is the most advanced.* The video made it very clear that the oldest on the bottom is the least advanced. *The section that includes the trilithon uses massive stones that are much more weathered than the upper sections that use smaller stones.* What about the smaller stone under the trilithon, and the village underneath that? *The massive blocks of the older section are cut different with much greater precision and no mortar used.* They are no more precise than any other part of the temple. *Megalithic structures are found all over the world and yet there isn't a single description of how they were built or how the massive stones were moved and lifted.* They are described at great length. *Like you said about not being a crazy builder, why use stones so heavy they can barely be moved when smaller stones would have been sufficient, unless the larger blocks were easily move?* It takes more men to move a bunch of smaller stones. And the larger ones would have been less likely to shift once in place. *Until archaeologists can explain how these massive stones were moved and lifted into place their argument about who built Baalbek is incomplete and not believable.* How and who are two different questions.

[@sandyacombs]

@@WorldofAntiquity It's hard to believe that you cannot see that there are two distinct building designs and technologies used in Baalbek. All the blocks that compose the upper level are beveled and smaller, there's no mystery about how they were set in place. The lower section is composed of mammoth stones with no beveled stones and a completely different technology needed to lift and place these stones. All the lower stones are shaped different than the upper level stones. It is so obvious that the Romans found the great stones of the lower level and built upon them.

[@WorldofAntiquity]

@@sandyacombs And what about the structures below that? And the village below that?

[@willhunt7355]

I think you missed the diagram with the capstans. Go to the dictionary and look up capstan if you don't know what one is.

[@sandyacombs]

@@WorldofAntiquity Those ruins are far older than accepted mainstream dates. Look at the trilithon portion of the platform. On the left you can see that the large stones did not reach the corner and was filled in later with smaller stone, the same stones and construction that was used for the upper portion, the portion of the temple constructed by the Romans. Why would the Romans not complete the lower section using all the same stones if they really built the entire structure.

[@oldmandan4244]

Nah, you didn't convince me it wasn't ancient power tools used by ancient alien sponsored labor unions. But then again, I never believed it was anything crazy, either. It irks me how these "ancient technology" truth era diminish the value of our ancestors and the amazing feats of engineering they accomplished.

[@carriekelly4186]

Well done. Baalbek has always creeped me out. I wish i wouldve saved one documentary i saw last year that showed all the winch,wheel and man powered(or beast of burden powered) devices that they had back then by ancient engineers that were such simple mechanisms. Anyway. Kudos once again Dr.Miano,the bar has been raised. The evidence IS out there. You have demonstrated that well to support your claims as always. Nice work. Thank you so much for sharing with all of us.

[@jimmaybee6323]

The cap stand mechanism 25:55 ... awesome knowledge. Thank you very much ... always remembering that people were the machines of our ancestors. People power, not from another planet power ... just people being smart, using the world around them to move and make and shape and create, taking the time creating requires ... even if it requires a lifetime.

[@admiralsquatbar127]

"Our viewers are keen researchers and theorists"... Why am I getting strong Flat Earth feelings about this? Also, if stone age man could build Stonehenge, moving the 22.5 metric tonne rocks from Marlborough Downs (20 miles away) to Salisbury, I'm sure that a more advanced civilisation, such as the Romans, could move those blocks.

[@Bluederrick1]

It might also mean that ‘primitive’ man could have done it.

[@Bluederrick1]

The use of the flat earth argument as a straw man, which is truly ridiculous I must agree with you, has absolutely nothing to do with the people you are ‘feeling’ the flat earth argument about. Watching the video carefully one sees that this type of argument is strongly discouraged by the debunker host.