I will be honest. I think we never got to see what roided 2001-2004 Barry Bonds can do because he was internationally walked so many times. I swear his stats in that category are more ridiculous, unbreakable, and amazing than his HR records. Especially his 120 intentional walks in 2004, which represented about 30% of his plate appearances that season, rhat was just fear anf his almost double 2nd and 3rd place seasons which were also by Barry Bonds. And almost triple Willy Mcovey in 4th place with 45 in 1969. Heck, he was in the 04 HR derby, and he as intentionally walked as a joke.
@TapirBaseball11 ай бұрын
I think would of definitely hit 800 home runs if not 850 if he wasn’t walked as much
@bigfloridapimp11 ай бұрын
Probably could have hit 900 without the walks and if he also wasn't blackballed out of the league
@danchris428711 ай бұрын
Yup the guy was definitely the best hitter of all time, the only guy who was walked consitently like that , it wasn't just that he was gonna hit the ball ,it was when he did there was a very high chance it was going out . The whole league said fuck that , and when they tried to pullthe tough guy "we ain't afraid to throw to him " routine he made them pay on a consistency level that was incredible . He was hated because he was so far ahead of anyone and targeted for something that the entire league was doing at that time . We were all super lucky to see things like that happen in real time and in person . I live about 2 hours south of sf and while i hate the city as a whole I love the stadiums over the years and have been to alot of games and feel lucky to have seen that live
@Spinach_D10 ай бұрын
Remember that Bonds joined the steroid era late and when he was out of his prime years. He won 3 x MVPs pre steroid era, ZERO MVPS in his prime during the first 7 years of the steroid era, then 4 x MVPS when he joined the MLB standard of using steroids. Imagine a steroid Bonds in his prime. We’re looking at 12-14 MVPs. I always like to remind peeps that the commissioner of MLB during steroids in in the Hall of Fame
@bigfloridapimp10 ай бұрын
@@Spinach_D bud selig deserves more than a lions share of blame. Absolutely
@Hatbilly11 ай бұрын
Thanks for the several days worth of hours you spent on this video. It shows. Keep up the good work!
@TapirBaseball11 ай бұрын
We appreciate it! It means a lot from you, you make great stuff too.
@Cam2311 ай бұрын
Excellent video Tapir! Maybe it's because he was born in Baltimore, but Babe Ruth has always been the player I've wanted to learn the most about.
@TapirBaseball11 ай бұрын
Thank you! He was great to read about.
@martinburke115 ай бұрын
You would enjoy Bill Jenkinson's book on Babe Ruth.
@matthicksxx11 ай бұрын
Great video. Babe Ruth’s Baseball Reference page is always a treat to look at
@TapirBaseball11 ай бұрын
Thank you very much, it is easy to get lost in the mythology of older players and forget just how good they really were.
@kyle24416 ай бұрын
It's my 2 favorite reference pages of all-time bonds and ruth.. everyone talks about 01 bond's but the most insane year was 04.. it literally doesn't make sense..
@flame-sky714811 ай бұрын
Great breakdown and very honest perspective about the eras. One other thing about both of them, is that they both visited sick children in hospitals. What both men did on the field was amazing. One guy had the highest total WAR while the other had the highest WAR among position payers. The Red Sox sold Ruth and paid for it for nearly 100 years, as the Pirates wouldn't sign Bonds (even though they got a new stadium a few years later), and the Pirates haven't won a divisional title since he left. Ruth popularized swinging up on the ball for more home runs, while Bonds popularized the Maple Bats that were introduced to him by Joe Carter from Toronto (maple).
@TapirBaseball11 ай бұрын
Thank you! Both players were head and shoulders above their competition and it is crazy what either of them did on the field.
@flame-sky714811 ай бұрын
I know, anytime you’re getting intentionally walked with the bases loaded, you’re a cut above the rest. And that was 1998. And what can’t you say about Ruth, he could have been a hall of fame pitcher as well as a position player.
@floydparr800611 ай бұрын
Bonds left the Pirates. The Pirates had no chance to pay him. They gave big contracts to Drabek and Van Slyke and tried to resign Bonds. His last year in Pittsburgh Bonds made 4.8 million. His first year in San Francisco he made 4.5 million. The Pirates won their last championship in 1979. Bonds won nothing for the Pirates. He went to San Francisco and won nothing.
@flame-sky714811 ай бұрын
@@floydparr8006 Good response, but I disagree with both of your analysis. Correct, the Pirates did give big contracts to Drabek (good pitcher by the way), and Van Slyke. The Pirates also signed shortstop Jay Bell for $17.5 million, four-year deal in 1993, the same year that Bonds signed with the Giants. See Bonds and Bonilla "somehow" couldn't win their arbitration cases while other players on the team were being taken care of. They could have signed Bonds as Bonilla was traded to the Mets in '92 as money was freed up. This is Bonds, not only the MVP of the team, but we are talking about the MVP of the league, who should have won in 1991 (as it would have been 3 MVPs with the Pirates). So the Pirates somehow had enough money to get a new stadium nine years later. You are suppose to finacially take care of the best player or MVP of the league that happens to be on your team. This isn't the first time the Pirates screwed things up, as I would say getting rid of Forbes Field to play in that concrete dump Three Rivers was another blunder. The other one is the Pirates not signing the negro league players who were playing for the Pittsburgh Crawfords (Gibson, Bell, and Paige) in the 1930's, especially the 1936 Crawford team. So basically a decade later Branch Rickey does what should have been done in Pittsburgh. The other argument such as Bonds won nothings is like saying, "Ty Cobb, Ted Williams, Ken Griffey Jr , Tony Gwynn and Harmon Killebrew never won anything because they didn't win a ring." The 1993 Giants team won 103 games that season, the Braves (who had three hall of fame pitchers on that team), won 104 games, but were erroneously in the NL West. So after this baseball decided to create a central division in 1994 and a wild card system which we didn't get to see initially because of the strike. It takes a team to win in baseball, they were close in 2002, but Dusty Baker erroneously took out Russ Ortiz too soon in the 7th and the Angels came back. It wasn't Bonds fault, as he put on a clinic. I think Bonds wanted to go back home to that part of California where he grew up at. Did he have personality attitude problem, yea he did, but so did many others.
@floydparr800611 ай бұрын
@@flame-sky7148 The Pirates signed Bonds to a record one year contract. They would have resigned Bonds to a longer contract but he had no desire to play in Pittsburgh. The only offers he considered were the Giants & Yankees. Bonds didn't win a ring because he stunk in the postseason. He hit . 191 with 1 HR and 3 RBI in 20 games with the Pirates. His last act was disobeying his manager who ordered him to move in. He waved off Van Slyke who relayed the order to Bonds. When the ball was hit to him his weak off line throw allowed the winning run to score. Out of 7 postseasons, he only had one good one at the plate in 2002 but he lost the series in the field when he misplayed Troy Glaus' fly ball into the game winning double in game 6. The Angels got the momentum and won game 7 at home. Forbes Field was the most difficult stadium to hit Home Runs in baseball. To say it was a mistake to move is a joke. The Pirates made the post season and won a World Series the first 3 years in 3 Rivers. Their first 10 years they won 6 division titles and 2 championships. The Pirates were always great hitting and weak to mediocre pitching teams. Playing in an extreme pitcher's park for so long was the mistake.
@phillipboone20057 ай бұрын
And say what you will about Bonds but like Ruth and Yankee stadium the house that Ruth built, Bonds single handedly built that stadium in downtown San Francisco. Few players in the history of baseball can take that kind of credit.
@spencerburkard8 ай бұрын
The stan the man throw in was iconic ty for that
@TapirBaseball8 ай бұрын
He is incredibly underrated. Glad you liked it!
@jacknicholson82465 ай бұрын
babe ruth the best of all time
@jamesgoodman88686 ай бұрын
Bobby/ Barry Bonds - The Kings of the short the short fence era.
@darrylbrown82535 ай бұрын
really as opposed to the 297 ft right field porch that the Babe had and the Pesky Pole before that when he played with Boston? If we are talking semantics you really should not go there.
@jamesgoodman88685 ай бұрын
@@darrylbrown8253 Read “The Year Babe Ruth Hit 104 Home Runs”.
@mickeywoodward39213 ай бұрын
@@darrylbrown8253thank you, that didn’t sound right.
@darrylbrown82533 ай бұрын
@@mickeywoodward3921 people think because he used a 56 oz bat that he had power. No he basically had a Kindergarten stadium he played in.
@MrRufusRToyotaАй бұрын
Ballparks were bigger back in the day, that’s just a fact. One study showed that, if you overlay each teams’ current ballpark over their old ballpark, and then log each long fly ball that Babe hit, in 1927 he would’ve hit exactly 100 homers in today’s parks. You don’t have to tear down Babe Ruth to recognize Barry Bonds.
@maxcruz542211 ай бұрын
That god damn smooth angelic voice gets me every time. Tapir with the needed goon fuel!
@TapirBaseball11 ай бұрын
Happy to help sir
@chriscranston71898 ай бұрын
Babe Ruth is transcedant of the game. He is a Mozart level goat. Barry Bonds might hold the records but he got them on cheat code while trolling anyone and everyone. It isnt even close Ruth will always be loved and everyone vote is biased off that alone.
@darrylbrown82535 ай бұрын
Babe Ruth also didnt travel across country, play night games, or play against diverse pitching.
@hogg42294 ай бұрын
Everyone else was using a cheat code too, yet Bonds still destroyed the competition. Think about that
@hogg42294 ай бұрын
@@darrylbrown8253ok. First, he traveled across the country on a train, as opposed to a luxury jet liner, 2nd, to claim he didn’t play against diverse pitching is intellectually dishonest at best, and willfully ignorant at worse. He face spit ball pitchers, curve ball pitchers, side armed pitchers, fast ball pitchers, ECT, ECT. No, he did not play night games. He just played in the hot ass sun in the middle of July and August every day, often after riding 15 hours on a cramped train, devoid of air conditioning, with few modern amenities to help with injuries, soreness, cramps, and illness. Do you people even think before you speak?
@darrylbrown82534 ай бұрын
@@hogg4229 it only takes about 2 hours to get from NY to Baltimore so its not as bad as you think. Also he didnt go to the west coast m0r0n with a full time change. He didnt travel by train in the day, he traveled by night because they only played in the daytime. White pitchers were inferior to colored pitchers and that is well documented. Walter Johnson avg only 85 mph on the radar gun whlie Satchel Paige threw 98 mph and he was in his mid 40s by the time he was allowed to play in the majors. So we knew that MLB players back then didnt like real competition. What about the short right field advantage George Herman Ruth had at Yankee Stadium? 297 ft? really? I dont remember Barry having any ot those advantages. Maybe you need to learn more before speaking and idolizing someone you know nothing about.
@darrylbrown82534 ай бұрын
@@hogg4229 Kind of biased to think everyone is cheating so you dismiss it huh? Barry never failed a test m0r0n.
@emmanuelenyinwa14438 ай бұрын
This is the crux of the problem. 90% of your portion of Babe Ruth is wrapped up in so much nostalgia so that even his worst quality: gluttony, is made to appear cool. On the other hand when he t came to Bobds, there os NOT ONE positive comment about Bonds the man. Just Bonds the player.
@timbrock278511 ай бұрын
Bonds taking steroids was a key contributor to his intentional walks, which leads to increased on base percentage… if you truly want to compare their stats, remove all steroid years and Ruth is far superior
@Loydstardeli201720 күн бұрын
Barry bond drink steroid for brakfest
@michaeladams56369 ай бұрын
People usually don’t know that Babe Ruth had 60 home runs when they only played 150 games in a season. When Roger Maris hit 61 in 1961 they had just changed the season to 162 games. Maris did not reach 60 home runs in 150 games so in a way Ruth’s 60 still beats Maris’s 61.
@darrylbrown82535 ай бұрын
Barry Bonds hit 60 HRs in 141 games. So he beat both records.
@michaeladams56365 ай бұрын
@@darrylbrown8253 ******
@darrylbrown82535 ай бұрын
@@michaeladams5636 yes i know those asterisks are for the Babe. He faced major league pitchers only throwing 80 mph. He would bat .225 with todays pitching and that 56 oz bat he swung.
@michaeladams56365 ай бұрын
@@darrylbrown8253 Nah man pitching was actually better in Babes day 😀🤘🤷♂️😝🤔
@darrylbrown82535 ай бұрын
@@michaeladams5636 nope players in the 1920s have stated that mph was between 70-85 mph. Paul Skenes will mow him down in 3 pitches if fat boy still used his 56 oz bat LMAO...Obviously you never played baseball...you were too busy trying on moms lipstick and high heeled shoes. LOL 💄👗
@andresperez92585 ай бұрын
Ruth baby ❤
@LeviDavidSchaffer10 ай бұрын
Jeter don't belong in the sentence with those greats
@TheFaithfulAtheist11 ай бұрын
Thank you for tipping your proverbial cap to Stan the Man. Most underrated hof'er ever.
@TapirBaseball11 ай бұрын
Stan is an all time player and I feel like he doesn’t get the recognition he deserves. Only Hank Aaron and Pujols have more total bases. The guy was a machine and I think he was decades ahead of everyone in terms of valuing extra base hits.
@doug62599 ай бұрын
Babe Ruth hit 714 home runs without steroids in an era when literally no one else was remotely close. His teammate Lou Gehrig, one on baseball's immortals, hit 493. He was way more impressive.
@arrjee94748 ай бұрын
Yeah and none of the opposing teams were integrated.
@jeffboy132 ай бұрын
@arrjee9474 yeah and how many black pitchers are in the hall of fame?
@bradysommer56072 ай бұрын
@@jeffboy1310 or 11
@hyzercreek6 ай бұрын
The pic at 4:56 is not murderers row. The dude in the middle is the manager Miller Huggins, and where is Lou Gehrig?
@1977TA9 ай бұрын
The Babe was long before my time. I am fortunate that I got to see Barry Bonds. I think the steroids scandal is a convenient excuse. The real reason Bonds is not in the HOF is that he is being punished for his bad attitude toward sports journalists. As I understand it, they have strong influence in the HOF voting system.
@TapirBaseball9 ай бұрын
He tried to mend some bridges with his coaching stints but it ultimately wasn’t enough to get him. It will be interesting to see what happens with the veteran committee
@chickenfkeryay9 ай бұрын
@TapirBaseball That last veterans committee bonds wasnt even close. Im ashamed that the players didnt vote him in and that committee had some of my favorite all time players from my team. Chipper, maddux, glavine
@biffmarcum50146 ай бұрын
Had Ted Williams not lost all those seasons to military service he probably would have given Babe Ruth's homerun record a run for his money. Bonds was a great player to have on your fantasy baseball team way before he was racing for the homerun records.
@hogg42294 ай бұрын
You’re looking at 6-700 more hits, 100-130 more HRs, 350-500 more RBI, 3-400 more runs, and would possibly be considered the best the game ever saw.
@Advocate4kids11 ай бұрын
As a bonds supercollectors and a daily consumer of online bonds content I must say well done sir! Very good and objective comparison! Much appreciated! Will watch this one a bunch!
@TapirBaseball11 ай бұрын
I appreciate it. Babe Ruth is really the only guy you can compare him to and that says A LOT.
@Grizzlied55511 ай бұрын
@@TapirBaseballBonds is cheating scum, and would never have done what he did without his drugs.
@yankees2911 ай бұрын
I have hundreds of Bonds rookie cards in my mom’s basement.😂
@Advocate4kids11 ай бұрын
@@yankees29 grade the mint and gem mint copies!
@Advocate4kids10 ай бұрын
@@yankees29 excellent! Any of them mint copies?
@AltonW5216 ай бұрын
Barry Bonds got to where he was hitting a home run in every 8 at bats when they weren’t intentionally walking him⚾️
@Loydstardeli201720 күн бұрын
Steroids king& lot better travel private airplane & paid travelmeals
@stevenbrookover39346 ай бұрын
Bonds was definitely a better athlete, but he was a TOTAL JERK off the field. Babe Ruth was loved by EVERYONE. So it kinda depends on if you are going to include their personality in with their performance on the field. If you DO, then Babe was better. If personality isn’t a factor then Bonds was better.
@FoxxyBrown11118 ай бұрын
The tie breaker are the strikeouts. Bonds hit for average, power, and still was struck on only 12% of his at bats. Ruth had more or less the same percentage, but in Bonds´era, the SO/9 rate was almost three times as high compared to the Babe Ruth era. Bonds was the standout from a world wide talent pool of ball players, Ruth had not even faced the full talent level among US players (otoh he wasnt doping). So yes, the strikeouts are the tie breaker. Cant drop the K rate with roid syringes. Many of Bonds´ HRS otoh are not legit.
@justvibing24975 ай бұрын
Thank you. I find it nuts that people are arguing that babe is better. It drives me nuts
@givem1102 ай бұрын
Ruth hit 343 lifetime. There's nothing bonds did better except for running
@Loydstardeli201720 күн бұрын
They got video of last at bats different era
@cesarferreira25645 ай бұрын
babe ruth is the best and the most dominant baseball player of all time
@johnharris81915 ай бұрын
Except in World Series play. Mickey Mantle still holds 7 World Series records.
@blueskiesgrouphome97128 ай бұрын
Great video.
@TapirBaseball8 ай бұрын
Thank you very much!
@KidFresh7111 ай бұрын
Bud Selig is in the Baseball Hall of Fame. Barry Bonds is not. Egregious.
@Loydstardeli201720 күн бұрын
Barry bond in steroids hall of fame
@Extinguisher1011 ай бұрын
Ruth was the most dominant and its not even close. He had seasons where he hit more homeruns than entire teams. Even balanced breakfast Bonds couldn't reach that kind of dominance let alone clean Barry.
@iconpoet8 ай бұрын
He never had to pay at night, or travel to the west coast, or play against integrated teams...
@Extinguisher108 ай бұрын
@@iconpoet just like everyone else in the league at the time. As time goes on our knowledge about the human body and what are the best techniques always advance. For that reason it's not fair to compare players directly across eras. The best way is how they stack up vs their peers. No one was better vs their peers than Ruth. Let's not forget that Ruth was the best left-handed pitcher in the league before he gave that up for hitting full time. That should more than compensate for pre-roids Bonds' defense.
@nuknowledge94148 ай бұрын
I forgot who said it but a comedian said “are you really the goat if you didn’t compete against black athletes” lol
@Extinguisher108 ай бұрын
@@nuknowledge9414 That's a fair point
@hyzercreek6 ай бұрын
@@nuknowledge9414 Hitting home runs you aren't playing against athletes. You're playing against a pitcher. Most pitchers are white.
@mukitulislam353310 ай бұрын
Honestly Even Without Roids Bonds was the best power speed guy of all time with a great fielding glove. 100 war would not have been a problem for him.
@randolphkersey515510 ай бұрын
Bonds and roids are inseparable. A "Bonds without roids" comment is pointless. Completely discredited. Even the woke media could not get him into the Hall of Fame and he is the "all time home run leader." Cough! GAG!!
@kevineiford21537 ай бұрын
@@randolphkersey5155yeah, because if there's one guy the media loves it's obviously Barry Bonds
@RestaurantManager1018 ай бұрын
Belly ache heard round the world hahaha have to love that! Great content man, got a new sub here
@TapirBaseball8 ай бұрын
Thank you so much, it always means a lot hearing stuff like this!
@staceynaito-k5v10 ай бұрын
Babe Ruth never played against either blacks or latinos. Babe Ruth never batted against the array of pitches that exist now. And likely never faced fast balls anywhere near 100 mph. Babe Ruth was on a team with batters labeled murderous row and had 5 hall of famers outside of babe himself. He also played in an era in which there was between 15 to 23 other teams he competed against to win the championship, depending on the year. Bonds competed against 29 other teams and as far as I know never had more than 1 other hall of famer ever on his team. Bonds did face an array of pitches, did face fast balls topping 100 mph and obviously played against blacks, latinos and asians.
@adamkondracki32013 ай бұрын
Who cares? Total gen z comment to bad mouth Babe Fn Ruth..It seems to bother you that much the best to do it was possibly a white man?? What about Tom Brady in football or qb?? Does he get a pass? Or no? They played in their respected eras. Dude didn't have a time machine to go and face the big and scary minorities 😂😂 I'm sure he would've gone yard on 😂 To hit a dead ball that far with that equipment. With lack of respect or knowledge of a proper diet or workout regime is beyond impressive..Bonds was a legend. .But he also doubled his cranium from taking all those peds..But peds or bad diets from either player doesn't take away from a God given ability to hit a baseball..That's a long way of saying: not everything has to be about race. . .
@floydparr80063 ай бұрын
False. Ruth played exhibition games against Blacks and hit a 500 foot HR off the best black pitcher of all time, Satchel Paige. Bonds played in a league watered down by expansion.
@MichaelMckinnon-q6e9 ай бұрын
Another difference is the length of the season in which they played with Babe Ruth playing during a time when a baseball season was 153 games and Barry Bonds played during a time when the length of a baseball season was 162 games(the reason for the asterisk after Roger Maris' 61st homerun in 1961, the first 162 game season)
@TapirBaseball9 ай бұрын
Very good to note. Ruth is the leader in slugging which just means he would have been even better if given more games to play in.
@MichaelMckinnon-q6e9 ай бұрын
@@TapirBaseball he was also a defensive leader, a threat on the basepaths, and an RBI leader
@williamthomas521527 күн бұрын
Just fyi, the home run record prior to Ruth was 128 which means every home run he hit after 1919 was pretty much a record on its own. He personally drug the home run record to 90% of what it is today. He managed 713 home runs. After him is Aaron and Bonds. But they are only a couple dozen past him meaning that what he carried the record to was an unbelievable total in comparisons with modern day
@AltonW5216 ай бұрын
Babe Ruth had a .342 career batting average compared to Barry Bonds .298⚾️
@exdeathexdeath5 ай бұрын
babe ruth is the goat and by far
@jmar51274 ай бұрын
U must be white.
@iconpoet8 ай бұрын
Babe also never: played at night, had to travel to the west coast,or played against integrated teams. All those are significant issues to never have to face
@MichaelForte-jn5pn7 ай бұрын
Exactly
@Hunter961877 ай бұрын
Motherfucker would’ve got smacked, but I still fuck with that movie Disney done about his bat lmao
@hyzercreek6 ай бұрын
What a crock. He travelled by train so he spent 10 times MORE time travelling. Playing at night has nothing to do with anything, neither does skin color.
@darrylbrown82536 ай бұрын
@@hyzercreek If skin color had nothing to do with anything most of your legends would not be as good as they are. When he traveled by train he went to cities like Chicago, Philly, Cincinnati which is not far from NYC. He never took a trip out to the Bay Area.
@hyzercreek6 ай бұрын
@@darrylbrown8253 Barry Bonds never walked on the moon. So what?
@roblittledroblittled5 ай бұрын
Babe ruth is the king of Baseball
@johnharris81915 ай бұрын
Yes, he is and Mickey Mantle is the undisputed king of World Series play. He still holds 7 World Series records. 18 HR, 40 RBIs, 42 runs scored, 43 walks, 26 extra-base hits, 123 total bases and highest on-base slugging percentage. Plus, he still holds the record for running from home to first the fastest, 3.1 seconds.
@colinrison344911 ай бұрын
Great video in my opinion only Bonds is the more dominate hitter
@TapirBaseball11 ай бұрын
Thank you! Both players really separated themselves and I think either opinion is valid.
@harlow74311 ай бұрын
Your full of Steroids
@The_king5676 ай бұрын
I only know who babe Ruth is he has a candy bar named after him
@Coreyrob268 ай бұрын
Ruth was a great pitcher and won 7 World Series, giving him the edge. However, they should not have persecuted Bonds so much for his steroid use. He was one of a kind regardless.
@VOLUMEnightclub3 ай бұрын
I grew up watching Bonds and I think its impossible to capture the aura of Bonds ability. And I think a major difference is we romanticize what babe could do, by the time Bonds played it was a developed science, and for him to still set himself so far apart was a treat to watch.
@LouieOcean.8 ай бұрын
Bonds is better but babe is more iconic, he built the sport and built the Yankees the sports most iconic team too. Won tons of World Series when Bonds won 0. Context means everything.
@elyfel118311 ай бұрын
@Tapir_Baseball The record of 27 in a season, set in 1884, was Ned Williamson. Roger Conner had the career record at the time Babe Ruth was playing at 133. Banning the alteration to the Baseball had more to do with the death of Ray Chapman in 1920 from a pitch that he couldn't pick up... Great video tho.
@TapirBaseball11 ай бұрын
Thank you for the info and the compliment!
@jacknicholson82467 ай бұрын
babe ruth is the goat
@ba_2three4584 ай бұрын
Imo it was Mays. He's the best all around player ever. Hank Aaron has 3K hits without even his 755 HR's.
@Stephenfratus8 ай бұрын
Say what you want about Bonds, he is the only player that can even be compared to Ruth, even if he comes up a bit short. And because baseball is so much harder now than it was a century ago, that is the last time we will ever see a player that literally breaks the game.
@aarons85328 ай бұрын
The babe is the greatest player of all time period . Barry bonds is the greatest hitter of all time period .
@Celtics2025Ай бұрын
The two cannot be compared. Babe was playing against pitchers throwing 65-75 mph. Radar guns weren’t invented until the 70s so there is no way to tell exactly but looking at the arc on pitches and release points ect coupled with the huge bats players used back then there is no way any pitcher was throwing above 80. He swung a 40” 44 ounce bat. There is no way in hell he would be hitting pitchers throwing over 100 with that thing. Babe was a pro ball player amongst plumbers, carpenters and firefighters. 70% of baseball players had a day job in the 20s and 30s. I’m not discrediting what he did but if Barry bonds or mark mcgwire played in babes era they would have had 100 plus homers in a season and over 1800 career home runs. Can’t compare who is better.
@floydparr800611 ай бұрын
Babe Ruth 7 championships Barry Bonds 0 championships Postseason Babe Ruth .326 BA .744 SLG Barry Bonds .245 BA .503 SLG
@staceynaito-k5v10 ай бұрын
Babe Ruth never played against either blacks or latinos. Babe Ruth never batted against the array of pitches that exist now. And likely never faced fast balls anywhere near 100 mph. Babe Ruth was on a team with batters labeled murderous row and had 5 hall of famers outside of babe himself. He also played in an era in which there was between 23 to 15 other teams he competed against to win the championship. Bonds competed against 29 other teams and as far as I know never had more than 1 other hall of famer ever on his team. Bonds did face an array of pitches, did face fast balls toping 100 mph and obviously played against blacks, latinos and asians.
@cesarferreira25645 ай бұрын
Not only is Ruth the greatest ever, he’s also arguably the most important and easily the most mythologized player to ever live. First and foremost, let’s not forget that he completely altered the course of history - both in the sport, and especially for the Yanks and Red Sox. No other individual player has had as much of an impact on multiple teams, let alone one. Ruth was the first baseball player to generate such intense scrutiny and public interest. Hell, during World War II, Japanese soldiers would yell, “To hell with Babe Ruth”, to get under the skin of American troops. More books have been written about Ruth than any other Hall of Famer. Since Ruth’s playing days, ballparks have been built to supplement offense and home runs. I could go on, but I think I’ve definitely made my point. Ruth is the greatest ever.
@jeffboy132 ай бұрын
And Babes postseason was just world series. They didn't have the earlier playoff rounds
@socialmoravec11 ай бұрын
In my eyes, Babe Ruth was better... the Babe got his numbers on beer and hotdogs. #Legend
@dylanryan824111 ай бұрын
Agreed, it's not even close in my book. Imagine the great Bambino on the juice....
@kokkari3711 ай бұрын
@@dylanryan8241you’re looking at it backwards. Bonds would have hit 1000+ hr playing against mid 80s fastball pitching white guys from one region in the world and it ain’t even close!
@GizmoBeach11 ай бұрын
@@kokkari37 Then why weren’t others putting up stats like Ruth’s if you think it was so easy? 😠 Ruth was a fantastic pitcher well before becoming an outfielder. He revolutionized the game, and became a 20th Century icon. Bonds was a pariah before PED use became the go-to dope for cheaters; unliked/avoided in the clubhouse for his egotistical attitude. He became the poster boy for cheating, wresting that stain from Canseco. Comparing him to Ruth ought to be a crime.
@kokkari3711 ай бұрын
@@GizmoBeach did the word “easy” ever come out of my mouth? If you think Ruth could swing his 45oz bat in today’s game you are delusional. Today’s “world talent” would destroy Ruth era pitching and also Ruth as a pitcher. The skill set doesn’t even compare. Look up what the average fastball was based on known video analysis from Ruth’s time. It’s silly!
@mastermace777011 ай бұрын
Garbage, Barry is clearly vetter than Ruth.
@stvinney8 ай бұрын
Btw the centerfielder Van Slyke told Bonds to move in, he was playing too deep in left He gave him the middle finger. Cabrera got a hit and Bonds was unable to throw out one of the slowest runners in mlb history For that alone, Im going with Ruth. Bonds was a MOFO in the worst sense of the word
@kevinumber78 ай бұрын
I can't see an out of shape Ruth hitting like Bonds in baseball today. What was the speed of pitches then? Over time, Bonds will be recognized because he was just insanely good. But, Ruth, though none of us can attest to, was probably best, too. I'll take Bonds on my team though.
@D.D.-ud9zt3 ай бұрын
There's no reason to think pitches were very slow then. I've seen older men who never lifted a weight throw at high velocity. Ruth did get the advantage of seeing pitchers repeatedly through the whole or at least most of the game, which players today don't get. If you exchange either player in the time, the main thing likely to change is their batting average, with Barry doing better and Ruth doing worse in the dept.
@chamuuemura531411 ай бұрын
The biggest thing I’ll ever remember about Bonds is his dropped fly ball in the playoffs. He was unapologetic and casual about mistakes that hurt those around him. Ruth’s private life was a mess but his effects on his teams were better by leaps and bounds.
@connorclarke121810 ай бұрын
If the biggest thing you remember about Barry Bonds is a fly ball he dropped, then you’re likely a major hater. There’s no way anybody doesn’t immediately think of a big shrek guy looking for a pitch at the plate to slug out the park
@gerrykubly81885 ай бұрын
The biggest thing I remember was the increase in the size of his head from Rookie to roid abuser
@pwx133 ай бұрын
@gerrykubly8188 roids are awesome, we need more of them
@solotx87988 ай бұрын
Ruth didn't have to face any black pitchers. Not saying it was his fault, but it is what it is.
@Grizzlied5555 ай бұрын
Your point?
@mikegrebe5362 ай бұрын
You can turn that around and say black pitchers never had to face Ruth.
@Aaron-fo1sy11 ай бұрын
Babe.
@laisaechao72894 ай бұрын
I do like his candy bar
@CapAnson1234511 ай бұрын
If you "normalize" Bonds career stats to more like what he would have been minus steroids.. he probably loses 100 home runs, 300 rbis and runs, 600 walks.. at least. . and his career batting average drops to around .285-.290. And all that clearly puts Ruth ahead of him. I think the only player that you could realistically make a case for over Ruth is Willie Mays.
@Grizzlied5559 ай бұрын
Mays is not even close to Ruth. Be for real.
@gizmoman23886 ай бұрын
Only biggest issue with the dominance of Babe Ruth is the level of competition. Most players from his era would likely fail to ever make the 40 man roster of any MLB team not named the White Sox or Athletics, let alone have big league careers. Babe was great for his time but dominance only matters based on whom you are dominating.
@Grizzlied5555 ай бұрын
You are out of your mind.
@gizmoman23885 ай бұрын
@@Grizzlied555 I mean, in Ruths era we had nowhere near the sports science we have today, pitchers throw harder than ever for instance. Unless you believe the bs claims like the homerun distance record (self evident bs unless you believe Babe Ruth hit the ball harder than any player since we started tracking bat speed, and hit a pitch going at around 100 MPH), the eras are not even remotely comparable in terms of available talent.
@Grizzlied5555 ай бұрын
@@gizmoman2388 Talent today is watered down. It is ridiculous. Tiny parks, juiced balls, peds. Some science. Babe played when the best athletes played baseball. He faced 42 hall of famers, a record which still stands. He did not cheat. He was natutally gifted. He was the best. Period. End of.
@gizmoman23885 ай бұрын
@@Grizzlied555 It is pretty clear that modern athletes are more athletic than athletes of the past (just look at the Olympics). So either you think it's all a conspiracy (in which case, please check in to your local asylum), or you somehow think the athletes of the past were centuries ahead in terms of ability. This is the same reason why the 40 Yard Dash has so many 4.2's in the 2000's compared to the 1900's inspite of the time gap.
@Grizzlied5555 ай бұрын
@@gizmoman2388 Modern athletes are on drugs. Also changes in the sports themselves make it easier. Pulled in fences, shortened walls, juiced balls, extended seasons, etc etc. These athletes are on the juice. The athletes from the past set records legitimately. 'Nuff said.
@georgezipp22311 ай бұрын
Although Barry Bonds is the greatest ballplayer I have seen in my lifetime. I got to give this one to the Babe, based on 1. His success as a pitcher as well as a hitter. 2. His 7 World Series rings to Bonds 0. 3. His career slash line of .342/.474/.690 to Bonds .298/.444/.607
@TapirBaseball11 ай бұрын
Fair enough, Babe was unbelievable in more ways than one
@chickenfkeryay9 ай бұрын
I think bonds post season struggles are fair criticism i dont think the 7-0 is fair. Id choose more contemporary players outside of jeter not many other players have between 2-4.
@hyzercreek6 ай бұрын
Babe hit his homers in stadiums that were vastly bigger than today. Babe would have 1000 homers if the fences were like they are now, Barry would have gotten 250 dingers if he played in those monstrous stadiums.
@justvibing24975 ай бұрын
Shut up with the nonsense bud. Babe went against milk workers. Image if Barry went against them. Learn baseball
@hyzercreek5 ай бұрын
@@justvibing2497 What the fuck is a milk worker. You saying professional pitchers were milk workers? You have a ganglion for a brain.
@hyzercreek5 ай бұрын
@@justvibing2497 What the fuck is a milk worker?
@roblittledroblittled5 ай бұрын
@@justvibing2497 mad black guy detected
@roblittledroblittled5 ай бұрын
@@hyzercreek i agree with you babe is the goat
@CharlesDawson-sx4jb5 ай бұрын
You lost me at "I know Barry Bonds did steroids". Actually, you speculate, guess, assume or think he did. No failed test and no first hand accounts of this happening. On top of that, you have no idea what the Babe or any other player may or may not have done. Aaron hit more homeruns in his 30's than his 20's. His 30's had the intro of some interesting drugs.
@bchillbong-uf2io7 ай бұрын
Bonds was the better athlete on roids and ruth was the most dominant before black and latinos played
@harrylyme396911 ай бұрын
1. Ruth did it on Hot Dogs & Beer. 2. How many games did Bonds win as a Pitcher? 3. If Bonds possessed even an average arm, Sid Bream would have been out by 10 feet. 4. How many times did Bonds steal Home? 5. Who's lifetime average is higher? This question gets dumber every time it gets asked.
@yankees2911 ай бұрын
Ruth was a better hitter for a longer period of time imo
@D.D.-ud9zt3 ай бұрын
Ruth tried the steroids of his day, but unfortunately for him they hurt more than they helped and are likely the reason he was out for such a long time early in his career. It's likely he didn't try to use them again as he never had a mysterious absence again. Had they been effective? You can bet he would have kept using. Ruth's attempted use is well documented, not going to throw other sacred cows to the wolves that we aren't certain of, but most of the well loved players from the 50s on are likely to have used, although in fairness many were likely a bit more health conscious than steroid era guys and also didn't have the stuff the compete with guys in later eras There's steroids and there's STEROIDS.
@JeremyWaldrop-ls2pn5 ай бұрын
Both were the best in their prime n time HR n walks period. ⚾️
@johnnygalicia98288 ай бұрын
Barry did it with steroids but The Babe did it hungover
@darrylbrown82535 ай бұрын
and non athletic white pitchers throwing 80 mph.
@exdeathexdeath5 ай бұрын
agree babe ruth is the goat and by far
@Loydstardeli2017Ай бұрын
Waltrr johnson speed bullet fastball& glover cleveland: bob feller 98mph plus fastball& great curve miss babe ruth by a year@@darrylbrown8253
@mickeywoodward39213 ай бұрын
Mr. Barry Bonds was a killer. I’m a Reds fan. He destroyed us. He still had some years in him. American League as a DH. They black balled him? He was dominant
@Aaron-j3e7 ай бұрын
Not comparable really Ruth only played against one races talent and never faced specialists like Bonds. I know the steroids thing but there’s whispers of Ruth using substances too, I’m not a fan of Bonds but he would absolutely shit on Ruth’s era and Ruth would have no shot
@DaVictonator7 ай бұрын
Definitely Bonds, even without PED’S
@jacknicholson82467 ай бұрын
babe is the goat by far . barry is so trash he even win a single world series
@DaVictonator7 ай бұрын
@@jacknicholson8246 Ok but Babe Ruth won World Series with a legendary lineup and back when they threw absolute meatballs
@exdeathexdeath5 ай бұрын
@@jacknicholson8246 agree babe is the goat and by fra plus babe can pitch
@dontdoittoyoself678611 ай бұрын
Just offensively give me Ruth. But I’m taking prime clean Bonds with Speed, power and defense over one dimensional Ruth.
@TapirBaseball11 ай бұрын
Fair assessment
@yankees2911 ай бұрын
Ruth wasn’t as slow as you think. He stole 123 bases in his career. He stole home 10 times!
@Gto19275 ай бұрын
One dimensional? What was Bonds ERA and winning percentage?
@Jero-P3 ай бұрын
Ruth also was a great pitcher
@D.D.-ud9zt3 ай бұрын
A young Ruth was ripped. Those old wool uniforms don't really show it, but trust me I'm a believer that he was once a bit under 200 when young after seeing a collection with a lot of early pictures.
@cardsncrypto581911 ай бұрын
ruth absolutely dominated his time period, and nobody was really even close. during the bonds time, he was great, sure, but was he babe ruth great compared to others at his time. theres at least 5 players during bonds time, that could be considered better. bonds was better as he aged tho... ill give him that.
@kevineiford21537 ай бұрын
Nobody was in Bond's league when he was roiding from 00-04. He had a 600 obp one year.
@darrylbrown82535 ай бұрын
dominated against white guys throwing 80 mph....He wouldnt last in todays game.
@forgerelli111 ай бұрын
Babe Ruth changed the game in ways no other player has. Stats like WAR take into account the league environment players played in, that's why those stats are so good. Anyone that doesn't say Ruth is the best baseball player ever doesn't know baseball history.
@justvibing24975 ай бұрын
Stop the war nonsense! It's useless. His extremely overrated. You don't know shit about baseball. He went against milk workers
@justvibing24975 ай бұрын
@jboi6398you and this guy dk nothing about baseball
@vintagecollector534011 ай бұрын
This is more of a one-sided argument, because not only did they play in two different eras, BUT everyone today saw Bonds play and saw how he carried himself. Do you know who is alive today who got to see Ruth play and how he carried himself? Nobody. Of course Ruth wins the vote. Nobody can speak from their own personal experience or talk about how they met Ruth or saw him play. All you hear about is all the great stories of his homeruns and how he changed the game. Its easy to judge and chastise a man who is alive than a man who has been long dead.
@MRCANTGETANAME11 ай бұрын
There are literally tens of thousands of people still alive that could have witnessed Ruth play baseball. 🤷♂️
@vintagecollector534011 ай бұрын
@@MRCANTGETANAME No way. That mightve been true a decade ago, but not so much today. The average adult (to even catch Ruth at the end of his career) would have to be well over a century old to have seen him play; and the average kid from that period would have to be nearing at least century old today themselves. Bonds was born in a different era anyhow. The media helped give Bonds a bad name. There's not enough to go on with Ruth. We know the good, bad and ugly of Bonds, and know only the good of Ruth. That's because of the different eras they played in. Bonds was criticized constantly, thanks to the media and the help of the internet. I'm sure if Ruth had played under the same circumstances, then we would also know the good, bad and ugly of Ruth. Look at Griffey....great guy...to some. If you look hard enough, though, you can find some bad and shady stories with Griffey. Everything nowadays is publicized. Ruth grew up in much simpler times and didn't have the technology and coverage we have today. That's why you find very little footage of Ruth, as well. It's just not a fair comparison, in my opinion.
@louspring6872Ай бұрын
How many games as a pitcher did Bonds win? How many more AB's does Bonds have over Ruth?
@TheJrosado1111 ай бұрын
Babe ruth faced pitchers who threw like 70 mph unlike all the generations way after him
@yankees2911 ай бұрын
Not they didn’t high 80’s- low 90’s. And they were throwing breaking balls back then also. The ball was much more dead than now too. I think the ball might have been a bit smaller too. I saw one of his home run balls in the HOF.
@Loydstardeli201720 күн бұрын
Walter johnson speeding bullet fastball pete alexander::christy mathewson: dizzy dean & carl hubbell& waite hoyt
@c9manic9598 ай бұрын
Okay I want to dispel an illusion here. It was Bonds. And its not fucking close at all. There is a great Jon Bois Video about how historically great he'd have been if he stepped into the box WITHOUT A FUCKING BAT. Not to mention the idea that Ruth was hitting against, with all due respect Double to Triple A level pitching with High School velocity. But Bonds cheated. That's true but it's called the "steroid era" for a reason and it sure as shit aint because he was the only one using them. Bonds' perception is a consequence of many things, most of which are absolutely his fault, but its not an argument. Bonds by MILES.
@kkttss192811 ай бұрын
To say those two mlb players in the same sentence is a disgrace.
@Galantski11 ай бұрын
Liked & subscribed.
@TapirBaseball11 ай бұрын
I appreciate it!
@tracark2255Ай бұрын
Ruth played against plumbers and fast food workers. Never even played against black players he should never be considered the goat
@MichaelLomax-ge7ug7 ай бұрын
Determining who is the greatest of all time will always be a matter of taste.
@TapirBaseball7 ай бұрын
Absolutely, I think both players have valid arguments and it really just turns into what you as an individual value more.
@Grizzlied5555 ай бұрын
@@TapirBaseballNO ONE WHO USES PED'S HAS A VALID ARGUMENT! BONDS IS CHEATING SCUM NOTHING MORE!
@knightrider6938 ай бұрын
Ruth had to hit against drunk farmers throwing 75 mph fastballs in a league of 8 teams with limited travel. Most of his stories are tall tales like hitting 500 foot homers, u believe that judging by his choppy swing and the low velocity pitches well then I have a bridge in Brooklyn to sell ya! Compare their swings and look at Barry's walk stats.. He got maybe 1 pitch to hit a game and sent it yard. He would get walked with the bases loaded ffs. Barry is the best hitter in history.
@mikegrebe5362 ай бұрын
Babe's last HR was the first ball to clear the RF roof at Forbes Field, well over 500 feet.
@justvibing24975 ай бұрын
21:00 you can! Barry was way ahead. Babe is extremely overrated
@hogg42294 ай бұрын
Hey man, can we get together so I can hear some of the stories about Babe? The way you talk you must have seen him play numerous times in his prime. I’d love to hear some stories. 🙄
@ZachEvans-q8b8 ай бұрын
Bonds is the greatest player in baseball history period. I believe it would have been Ken Griffey Jr had he not gotten hurt so often. Junior is still my favorite player however Bond’s numbers are absolutely ridiculous and can’t be denied. You can’t say that his numbers were due to steroids. That’s simply not true.
@kevineiford21537 ай бұрын
Longtime Ms fan here. I think Bond's was a better hitter than Griffey, but didn't have the same lineup protection which made his power numbers look worse. Nobody walked Griffey because then you'd just have Edgar and then Buhner and an extra base runner.
@DonTrump-sv1si11 ай бұрын
Those numbers at 12:12 are nowhere near amazing. Theyre average. Maybe the tiniest above average
@freemn7 ай бұрын
I am tired of all this "debate" about the greatness of babe Ruth. Babe Ruth was in fact the greatest baseball player ... of the white only baseball leagues. And Josh Gibson was the greatest baseball player ... of the negro league.
@1TightMinute9 ай бұрын
I mean very few players have that kind of mystique about them. The list is pretty much, babe Ruth. MJ, tiger woods, Tom Brady, and Mohamed Ali.
@El_Gallo_aka_Huezo11 ай бұрын
BABE RUTH was better.
@jessepalacios28066 ай бұрын
I’m a Yankees fan and only thing Babe is better than Bonds at is pitching
@givem1102 ай бұрын
Ruth hit like bonds did in his juiced years his whole career. This isn't even a discussion. Ruth hit more home runs by himself than any other team combined did in 1921. That would be the same as bonds hitting 225 homers in 2001. Ruth also hit 343 lifetime and had less at bats. He wasted his early years pitching or he would still have the home run record.
@jimmyplenderleith94715 ай бұрын
This shouldnt be a conversation, its Bonda all the way. Babe Ruth played in an era of segregation. So, you figure half the pitchers he faced may not have been MLB starters had the league allowed everyone to play. His pitching accolades are incredible, dont get me wrong, but Babe's fame is based off his offensive output.
@Grizzlied5555 ай бұрын
Babe played against 42 hall of famers, the MLB record. He was clean. Bonds, on the other hand.... not clean.
@mikegrebe5362 ай бұрын
Ruth's numbers against black team he was barnstorming against were even better than his MLB numbers.
@c-payneyt37522 ай бұрын
New sub here. Babe is the goat!
@TapirBaseball2 ай бұрын
Thank you very much for subbing!
@blacjackdaniels20011 ай бұрын
Barry Bonds is basically what Babe Ruth would have been like if He wasn’t so ahead of His time.
@stvinney8 ай бұрын
It's tough I know Bonds wouldn't have played that good for that long if it weren't for steroids Then you've got Ruth where the fastballs were 82-85 mph. He'd need to swing a lighter bat today. And Yankee Stadium is the best case scenario for a lefty power hitter. I don't think we know how far the majority of his homers went. But Bonds regularly hit them into the cove. You can't really compare. You'll also get into how high the mound was. All day games. Long train rides... I don't know
@carlmohr994111 ай бұрын
How can you not talk about Bonds and roids? With that logic Lance Armstrong is the greatest cyclist of all time. Ben Johnson is the greatest Olympian of all time. Make it make sense.
@TapirBaseball11 ай бұрын
You are fair in saying this, but I personally felt like I would only be repeating what every other conversation about Bonds turns into. I am not trying to persuade anyone against having this opinion but I just didn't think it made for very entertaining talking points to mention something that every baseball fan already knows. Like I said, I think you are justified in saying this but I just didn't feel the need to say everything that has already been said over the last 20 years. I appreciate the comment and I am happy to see the passion for the game.
@mikeoakley678311 ай бұрын
Diff athletes in diff sports using diff substances. Not at all an apples to apples comparison
@MRCANTGETANAME11 ай бұрын
When did Bonds test positive for steroids?
@carlmohr994111 ай бұрын
@@TapirBaseball I totally appreciate that you listened to my argument. To me it's a pointless conversation. Not only that I feel it detracts from Griffey's 56 in a strike shortened season or Aaron's 755. I'm still on the fence with Judge's 62. It's going to take time before I acknowledge it. My heart still hurts from McGwire, Sosa, and yes, Bonds with PEDs. They should be first ballots but they're not. Well, maybe not Sosa. I totally appreciate the all around well made video. I'll watch more!
@carlmohr994111 ай бұрын
@@MRCANTGETANAMEThe "first" time was November 2000. 3 years before MLB implemented wide range testing. Thanks Google.
@Mik-xq2co3 ай бұрын
If you are talking about dominance there is no comparison. Comparing players from such different eras is impossible. However, looking at how each player did against their peers of their respective time period is how you determine dominance. Ruth is hands down the most dominant baseball player ever! Ruth, Chamberlain and Gretzky are the three most dominant team sports athletes ever when comparing them to their peers!!
@RoofDoctorsJoanne4 ай бұрын
Ruth was larger than life. It's almost like he was a cartoon character. As far as Dominance.....no one can match The Babe.
@floydparr80063 ай бұрын
Post season Babe Ruth .326/.470/.744 7 Championships Barry Bonds .245/.433/.503 0 Championships
@kennethsmith7964 ай бұрын
Babe hit against pitchers half his size and guys that had to work at food stores in the winter!Players didn’t make any money and during the depression was difficult for most players!Babe could afford groceries!
@CipherSerpico3 ай бұрын
There is no greater “Performance Enhancer” than ‘Not having to compete against Black guys’.
@bobbyatkins64356 ай бұрын
The LeBron vs Jordan GOAT debate has been talked about ever since Kobe passed. Before Kobe passed it was always a Kobe vs Jordan debate, with LeBron a distance second in the debate. They knew Kobe was going to come out of retirement and show LeBron up and proove LeBron doesn't belong in the conversation.
@butchdabayboss70733 ай бұрын
PUT BARRY IN THE HALL OF FAME!!
@kenw222511 ай бұрын
Also bonds wore all that body armor with giants after 2000 . He looked like robo cop. Crowding plate. 30 years prior he'd have gotten backed off the plate, if not just hit in thr head by low 90s fastball.
@michaeladams56365 ай бұрын
@@kenw2225 Yeah but he still sucked..
@FAITHandLOGIC11 ай бұрын
Ruth homered more than entire teams. It's not close.
@darrylbrown82535 ай бұрын
off of 80 mph pitching in a segregated era.....Barry Bonds on the other hand has 28 more walks than swings and misses for the entire year. 120 walks vs 92 swings and misses.
@Beethovenviolin7 ай бұрын
You can’t compare a roided player with a non roided player who simply chewed tobacco and ate hot dogs.