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Bartonella Bacilliformis Animation (Carrion's disease / Oroya fever / verruga peruana) USMLE Step 1
Bartonella bacilliformis is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes Carrion's disease, also known as Oroya fever and verruga peruana. This bacterium is primarily found in the Andes Mountains of South America, particularly in Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia. Carrion's disease manifests in two distinct phases: the acute phase, characterized by severe hemolytic anemia and fever, and the chronic phase, characterized by the development of skin lesions known as verrugas. Bartonella bacilliformis is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected sandflies of the genus Lutzomyia. The diagnosis of Carrion's disease is based on clinical presentation, epidemiological factors, and laboratory tests such as blood smears and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Treatment typically involves antibiotics such as azithromycin or ciprofloxacin. Medical students preparing for exams like the USMLE Step 1 should be familiar with the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of Bartonella bacilliformis infection.
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