Be Prepared! Tech That Works When All Else Fails

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Күн бұрын

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@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

A bunch of you are asking about Meshtastic - I did not cover it in the video because the range is limited and nobody is using it in my area. Hard to demo under those circumstances. But we do have extensive amateur radio infrastructure including packet radio along with the other things I demoed locally.

@lumixS5M2 2 ай бұрын

so when nobody use it there be no users some one need to start it? It look like a starlink advertisement/promo

@Gintokikreuz1 2 ай бұрын

Yeah meshtastic is a great idea, but you need to build a community around it. The range is not as far like amateur radio. So if your town is destroyed it will be hard to use as a viable source of reaching out.

@john_in_phoenix 2 ай бұрын

Starlink, a dual fuel inverter generator, and an LFP battery/inverter is a great investment. I used to live in South Florida, so I have experience. I also have an alcohol stove, and a couple of 1.75 liter bottles of everclear for fuel. Propane stores well, as does Trufuel. Add some freeze dried food and water storage containers, and keep some solar panels in the garage to hopefully prevent damage and you can survive weeks.

@kissthesky40 2 ай бұрын

How long will a medium sized backyard propane tank last a smaller household (roughly). Thx.

@john_in_phoenix 2 ай бұрын

@@kissthesky40 That would be difficult for me to answer because I bought 30 lb tanks to refill. The normal exchange tank is 20 lb, and they fill it 80% or so. I use mine to charge batteries, so I don't have to run the generator at night and can bring it inside while still keeping everything running. A 30 lb tanks lasts me a little over 2 days, but that isn't running continuously. I am also running a 12000 BTU mini split, refrigerator and television, lights, etc. I run the generator at about 80%, and any leftover power goes to charge batteries (my Victron inverter allows me to do this).

@GeekfromYorkshire Ай бұрын

Power of 3. 3 minutes without air. 3 hours in severe cold. 3 days without water. 3 months without food. Most are under-estimating their water needs relative to their connectivity, food, electricity, heating. If you run out of water and take risks, then you can get very ill and make even further bad decisions. So I'd encourage to think about water. As we are entering, for most people who are in the northern hemisphere, the colder seasons, use 2L per per day and a good target is 10 days, so 2 people = 40 L. Double that for summer. We use water containers, rotation fill from tap and use to flush toilet = no water wasted. Yes freeze dried food has a 25 year life if stored from vermin, 25 years from now you'll hopefully be eating the food you never needed from 25 years earlier, and with inflation chances are it's a bargain food when you finally eat it. I've not gone the propane route as there'a a bit of risk from explosion, I've used alcohol. 100ml per person per day so 10 days = 2L. I use it to cook and replace so it doesn't age. I have 300W solar and a 1229Wh powerbank to keep the few electric gadgets going but outages are not that common here so I didn't feel investing in more justified. (unlike Lon) We just use a pair of regular unlicensed radios for local proximity communication. For transport - bike! I really doubt these are needed for most reading, and expect if it does get used it's gifted to neighbours for mundane smaller problems which are more common, but if even just a modest fraction are prepared then it represents a local resource for those more likely small local needs (e.g. a home is out of water/electric/heating).

@bigchew3149 2 ай бұрын

i have ben into Radios for 35+ years an i like them all GMRS is getting popular in my area & no test required just 35$ for a 10 Year License & the Whole Family is Covered..But i still love amateur radio an cb (Thats where i started) 73's

@igeekone 2 ай бұрын

The iPhone satellite demo, surprisingly, worked inside my house. It's a very robust tech.

@mrbeastman59 2 ай бұрын

Amateur Radio was used during 9-11. Phones didn't work because WTC 2 and 2 had antenna. Walter Cronkite was a Ham. ARRL video Amateur Radio Today shows it

@chrissewell1608 2 ай бұрын

I am a Ham Radio Operator (30 years +/-) and for someone new to the hobby, WinLink isn't an easy program to setup and run. It does require extiensive setup and practice, before an emergency actually happens!

@dannyglas3616 2 ай бұрын

How does it compare with PSK mail?

@goombakiwi 2 ай бұрын

Yeah I've been hit and miss with it and am trying to convince myself that it's not my choice of radio and instead I need to get my sound settings dialed in.

@chrissewell1608 Ай бұрын

@@dannyglas3616 I don't know. I have not tried the PSK Mail. But I am sure the is a comparison video on youtube!

@KD0MMF Ай бұрын

I'm working on getting "Radiomail" going app going, running Vara and Vara FM on an autostarting "headless" windows mini -pc that runs off 12 v battery and negotiates between HT or HF radio and iPhone/iPad. Not easy! But a really small kit if I can get it running!

@punkbutler88 2 ай бұрын

You should do a video about Meshtastic. Trying to set up a solar repeater node in my town with a 10db helium antenna. When the cell towers go down, we can still commumicate with our phones using Meshtastic devices in the 915mhz range.

@csparty11 2 ай бұрын

Forget Meshtastic, it's completely unreliable in emergency situations. It's pretty much the same with winlink or packet radio (email) , let's be honest it adds complexity in a already complex situation. I mean you're lucky if ur able to power you're radio and even make emergency contacts, there is no time to play and fool around. Yes to analog voice, no to digital bullshit.

@punkbutler88 2 ай бұрын

@@csparty11 you obviously don't understand how it works. Thanks for your reply though. 🙂

@john_in_phoenix 2 ай бұрын

Starlink rocks. You can turn it on when needed, and pay zero when you don't need it. I keep a dual fuel generator and a couple of 30 lb propane bottles (cheaper to refill, 50% more capacity than the 20 lb exchange). I have also tested 4 year old Trufuel without issue. I use the generator to charge 15 kilowatt hours of LFP batteries and use a Victron inverter so I don't have to run the generator overnight. I of course have solar panels as well, but clouds can be a problem (I keep 8 of the 200 watt panels in the garage to hopefully keep them undamaged).

@csparty11 2 ай бұрын

@@punkbutler88 I understand perfecty, but do you? Meshtastic doesn't even work reliable under normal circumstances, let alone when 90% of all nodes down and let's say multiple ppl are trying to use it at the same time. Be realistic would you fool around with that when ur life depends on it or would you try your handheld radio and contact anyone using voice.

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

I am definitely interested in Meshtastic but unfortunately around here nobody's using it :). We do have a very active packet radio community however.

@tomschmidt381 2 ай бұрын

Good overview about emergency preparedness. Here in southern NH we get week long power outages due to massive ice storms. However we have not had one in a long time since the state "encouraged" utilities to be more aggressive with tree trimming and restricted folks ability to complain or prohibit trimming. But even back then when we had DSL/POTS telephone service we never lost connectivity. Now that we have a fiber connection it should be even more robust. FTTP unlike cable does not require outside plant power eliminating the need to have battery backup on cable nodes. For power outages we have a gas generator and a supply of stabilized gas in our shed and test the generator every 3-months or so, If you have backup systems want to make sure they will actually work when needed. One downside of fiber is it needs local power. We have a UPS that keeps the LAN and Landline alive even when the generator is not running.

@john_in_phoenix 2 ай бұрын

@@tomschmidt381 I actually just tested in the past week fuel that has been stored since Covid started (so about 4 years). I used "Sta-bil" gas stabilizer, and also have "Trufuel" that I purchased at the same time. Both are still fine, so I am burning them and going to store more in the same manner. I have two dual fuel generators, and 3 of the 30 lb propane tanks (cheaper to refill them than to do a 20 lb exchange). I do use the propane to keep the garage warm in the winter, so really have 2 plus whatever is left in the third. I used to live in South Florida, so I know what it is like to live for 4 weeks without power or internet.

@jasonacg 2 ай бұрын

Welcome to Amateur Radio, Lon. I've been licensed since the early 1990s, and like you, I use the FT991 radio. Living here in Florida, we're watching the approaching hurricane anxiously. But I know that I can take that radio portable, with a battery and antenna, and provide communications practically anywhere. If we have the same loss of communications that they experienced in NC, I'm certain I can get messages out of the area for as long as I have access to a 12v battery. Even a car battery will do. Hope to hear you on the air some time.

@dannyglas3616 2 ай бұрын

Can you wake me recommend me some antennas that will work in an apartment?

@jmr 2 ай бұрын

There's an upcoming SET(Simulated Emergency Test) in my area on Saturday. We will be working with other Hams and government entities to test our skills. It's a once a year exercise to make sure our skills stay sharp.

@GROGU123 2 ай бұрын

Once the Starlink Mini goes down to a reasonable price, I'm buying one for my emergency preparedness kit. Elon Musk said it's the cheapest to make, so it should be cheaper than all their other dishes, and it currently sells for $200 in Africa and South America.

@ShoelessJP 2 ай бұрын

This is a great way to be opportunistic in educating people about this type of thing. Great job, Lon!

@N2YTA 2 ай бұрын

Lon, welcome to amateur radio! This was an excellent and very informative video, thanks!

@5roundsrapid263 2 ай бұрын

BTW, The FCC actually exempts unlicensed amateur radio operators in an emergency if they’re saving life or property.

@kd5you1 2 ай бұрын

I'm thinking you are referring to the general population because all amateur radio operators are licensed. Also I wonder if it would still be considered a violation in the case of premeditated use of any licensed service... i.e. buying a transceiver for ham radio or even police frequencies and using during an emergency.

@tomedgar4375 2 ай бұрын

Correct but there is a learning curve, if one doesn’t practice with it, it is useless. Set up and programming is required.

@madmax2069 Ай бұрын

@@tomedgar4375 it's not as hard to learn as what you make it seem.

@benwilliams36 Ай бұрын

Lon, very cool that you got your amateur radio license!

@GameSack 2 ай бұрын

Out here they bury most of the cables to that they don't get snapped by trees. At least my city does, connecting cities don't necessarily do that. Still it reduces potential points of failure during a storm. The last time I experienced a significant power outtage was when I replaced the electrical panel on my house, lol. The most recent storm-caused outtage was in 2015 or 16 where it was off for 22 hours due to blizzard conditions. However up north some downed power lines started a horrible fire that destroyed multiple neighborhoods a few years ago, even though the power company is denying that one if its lines had anything to do with it.

@johnkwolf 2 ай бұрын

If you haven’t used your Starlink for months you probably won’t work no more if you don’t even couple months turn it on and update the software it won’t work anymore. I have Starlink and I was told that.

@tatsumaru12345 2 ай бұрын

Many times it will, but they'll charge you a 300$ fee to reactivate it. They treat it similarly to buying from a 3rd party seller used. But I wonder if you've been consistently paying for it, would it still stop working if you don't use it?

@john_in_phoenix 2 ай бұрын

@@johnkwolf I haven't had any problems, but I do activate it every 6 months and let it update, "just in case". I have it dormant on a roaming plan (and used it for about a year on a standard plan). Basically that means I average about $25 a month to have it as a backup.

@nathankelley9760 2 ай бұрын

Excellent!! I also have a General license and am working on the Extra here in Tulsa, OK. I don't have a modern HF radio yet, but hope to get one and bring myself up to speed on digital modes soon.

@davidbowne122 2 ай бұрын

Great stuff, thanks for sharing. Didn't know about the SOS feature on iphone 14 and above, good to know.

@dudeh9702 2 ай бұрын

Congrats on getting your General! Good timing on this video. I just bought a Yaesu HT today which is a big step up from the BaoFeng UV-5r Plus.

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

Nice radio! Those baofangs are surprisingly good for the price point. I have a few :)

@KD0MMF Ай бұрын

ARDEN is a cool older tech as well to share an internet hotspot among local stations. Great overview of the utility of amateur radio in grid down situations! 73, de KDOMMF

@bbgarnettTotallyNotABot 2 ай бұрын

Keep up the great work

@ronm6585 2 ай бұрын

Thanks Lon.

@HamRadioDX 2 ай бұрын

Great educational video Lon for those to be better prepared during natural disasters!

@bl00dkillz 2 ай бұрын

Thankfully in my city or at least my side of block, all the cables from electric to fiber optics are underground then again, we don't get severe storms much

@7_of_9 2 ай бұрын

We need more mesh network! We are still expanding NYC Mesh and we love to see this all over USA!!!

@K6LCM 2 ай бұрын

Great video review. 73 from K6LCM!

@edomar2r 2 ай бұрын

Very interesting, specially the radio part. Thanks.

@BenjaminKX500 2 ай бұрын

CB (Citizen band radio) is also helpful in short-range.

@raymondmartin6737 2 ай бұрын

I am 80, my wife 81. I have had a license for over 62 years, now as Extra since 1995, and my wife for 20 years, as a General. We are Charter members of a 25 year old club too. 😅

@bruceaplin 2 ай бұрын

Congratulations on getting your HAM radio Ticket 💛

@PWingert1966 2 ай бұрын

IN our apartment building they have upgraded our services to an HFC system. We get fiber optic to the building then copper to the individual units. It's a low-income social housing building so the aim is to minimize costs for maintaining service. We also have some cell equipment on the roof. The issue is that while I have a UPS in my unit for my equipment it does me no good since the HFC does not have a UPS power backup so when power goes out to our building (at least once a week) we have no internet, telephone or cell service. The carriers say since it's a low income building with less then 1-0% of the units signed up for any service there is no reason to make investments in improving availability during power outages since they last less then 30 minutes and happen less then 3 times a month on average. as for cell service they indicated there is another tower with full support less than a kilometer away that will provide a weak signal for this building for emergency services. Just thought I would let you know how low-income populations are viewed by carriers in terms for emergency services and reliability. Until our federal government and the CRTC agency mandates higher standards for all installations this will not change.

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

Who is the carrier and what state are you in ?

@PWingert1966 2 ай бұрын

@@LonSeidman I'm in Canada in the province of Ontario. My Carrier is Roger's cable. The other major carrier is Bell Canda.

@atinwoodsman 2 ай бұрын

Spectrum doesn't even have backup on their lines here. Verizon never goes down here, even in week long power outages, T mobile only.has 3 hours backup in SE Kentucky. Been waiting on Google to enable satellite on Pixel 8 pro, but it's been pretty quiet on that front, although expecting it in Android 15. Satellite messaging on smartphones is definitely the future.

@mwjii 2 ай бұрын

Prayers for all those who have been affected and remember to vote those people out who did not help you!

@chrisweihrauch 2 ай бұрын

You were the one you got me interested in amateur radio when you did your first video on the subject. I'm now a licensed technician and plan to study for a license upgrade soon. Thanks for all you do! CHRIS KQ4IFO

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

Awesome!! See you on the air!

@lumixS5M2 2 ай бұрын

@@LonSeidman Why study in worldwide emergency?

@StephenMatrese Ай бұрын

7:35 ALL StarLink satellites have LTE in them they've just made a deal with T-Mobile to allow T-Mobile customers to use Starlink as a network of last resort (due to bandwidth limitations- cell phones are significantly more limited that the phase array antenna).

@domramsey 2 ай бұрын

I know you're focussed on ham, but I think it's worth talking about LoRa / Meshtastic, which although limited is much more accessible to most people.

@peterdstover 2 ай бұрын

Well done! Good, current summary. Covers the essentials. Thanks!

@mjw_geek 2 ай бұрын

Congratulations on getting your General! Hope to catch you on the airwaves sometime! 73

@GROGU123 2 ай бұрын

Lon, can you answer this question: With Starlink sitting in your basement, will it still update the firmware without paying for a plan? Can I pull it out once a year and keep it updated?

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

I am pretty sure it'll update on its own when it reconnects to the satellite. Need to confirm that.

@TheGman1961 2 ай бұрын

Thanks!

@KeyBored101 7 күн бұрын

Awesome video

@CantankerousDave 2 ай бұрын

Boy, I sure hope I never find myself in the aftermath of a hurricane while on the moon as depicted in the image. Seriously, though, I was an exchange student in Kobe, Japan during the 1995 earthquake. It was three days before I was able to call my family to let them know I was alive.

@whsxc12 2 ай бұрын

You’re being very kind referring to eversource as “a bad power company”, I could find more colorful language to use. .. they suck

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

It’s a family show ;)

@mrbeastman59 2 ай бұрын

There is also Echo link which is Ham Radio over internet

@shutthegate8232 2 ай бұрын

scenario, leading to a question: So with starlink, after you've bought the device/hardware, it's a not lock in contract thing, month to month, could be stopped in paying/active account if times got tight, but then reactivated later in the year if times got better (financially), and you just keep the hardware you bought & can activate the plan, using the hardware you had waiting to be used again? So No need for separate internet/phone connection to actually get the reactivation/payment initiated of the account again, to then utilise the equipment you bought previously?

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

I am pretty sure it reactivates over the satellite connection

@ivancho5854 2 ай бұрын

8:55 How do you re-activate your account if you don't have communication? Through Starlink itself? Genuinely curious. Thanks. Also is LoRa available in the USA? That would seem to be a great emergency communication method.

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

I am pretty sure it reactivates through their network. Will test that in a few days when I take my dish out for a spin.

@40arpent Ай бұрын

I was about to comment the same thing. In the past, I thought about keeping sim cards for different providers in case one network goes down but then how would you activate it without communication. I've asked around a lot and ended up just switching to verizon, all my neighbors havent had problems during outages with verizon.

@coreybabcock2023 2 ай бұрын

I live in my van i have 600ah of lithium batteries here in the van and a 2000 Watt xantrex freedom xc inverter charger and 20 gallon water tank too im pretty much ready to go

@commonsensepatriot9450 2 ай бұрын

@coreybabcock2023 lessons is more in some cases. Hopefully everyone is considering how much they don't need.

@aperson1181 2 ай бұрын

so especially at these times during grid down Hurricanes Helene, what radio(s) would you recommend to always have?

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

If you have an amateur license a cheap baofang is usually enough to get into a local repeater.

@aperson1181 2 ай бұрын

@@LonSeidman Thank you, I found a few Hams here on KZbin who lived thought the hurricane, in NC. they recommend an analog scanner. Would you please recommend a good one?

@norlo44 2 ай бұрын

do they not bury cables in the ground if you have regular storm seasons were you live in usa

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

Nope- much too expensive surprisingly vs. just repairing after storms.

@FollowThatDale 2 ай бұрын

I watched this to learn more about the iPhone satellite ability. I was surprised though, this was one of the most useful videos I've seen in a long while. I remember my dad trying to get me to get an amateur radio license when I was younger, but I didn't get into it then. After watching your video I'm going to look into it. Thank you, really well done.

@jtc1947 2 ай бұрын

Nice VID...BUT....All of the gear relies on POWER! Do You have a VID about EMERGENCY power for commo gear? I am sure that SOME people use generators of various kinds but how about things like solar or wind power sources??

@rootcanal7188 2 ай бұрын

Thanks for the video. I have a question about the Starlink: can it TRANSMIT a distress signal through your phone, or can it only RECEIVE internet?

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

It's a regular internet connection it can send and receive.

@onurerdogan4647 Ай бұрын

add a generator+solar power combo into the mix and all set

@peter572 Ай бұрын

Are there any free peer-to-peer (BT, Wifi) mobile communication APPs that you have tested?

@robertkohler4173 2 ай бұрын

Public Enemy #1 - Squirrels

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

💯

@haroldhechinger5850 2 ай бұрын

... and backhoes!

@terryjwood 2 ай бұрын

I'm curious why you use the MFJ antenna tuner with your FT991A? I also own this antenna tuner, but I use it only with my ICOM 7100, which doesn't have an internal tuner. With my 991A, I use the internal tuner or I use the MFJ-998 and my 1200 watt amplifier. Is there an advantage to the MFJ-939 over the 991A's internal tuner? Thanks!

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

From what I read the mfj is a little more robust a tuner vs the built in one.

@terryjwood 2 ай бұрын

@@LonSeidman Thanks!

@CtPirate 2 ай бұрын

Long Great video! I just bought the Starlink Mini. I'm also a fello Ct resident, HOWDY Neighbor. I'm have a General ham license and haven't used it in 40 years, any suggestions on a good EASY to operate on an antenna for 440/900 MHz and 10-80M.

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

Check out my “nerd out with radio” video I did a little while back. I have a pretty standard diamond vhf/uhf antenna along with a chameleon emcomm 3 for hf

@robertheckman9813 Ай бұрын

How do you power the radio?

@m.s.9744 Ай бұрын

Video begins at 5:19

@CF542 2 ай бұрын

Lon, is there much use of Morse code anymore from the ham community? It's certainly an old messaging format but can be effective in extreme situations.

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

Yes there's a pretty extensive amount of morse code (or CW) but it's no longer a requirement for a license. Some software like FLDigi can decode it for those of us still on the learning curve :)

@jameswubbolt7787 2 ай бұрын

I've never understood why cables aren't put underground.

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

Cost mostly.. They did an analysis here in CT and it was still cheaper to deal with what we have now and fix it every time the wind blows vs. putting it all underground.

@wordlv 2 ай бұрын

@@LonSeidman Cost and time consumption..

@CaliforniaTravelVideos 2 ай бұрын

@@LonSeidman Agreed and as a former AT&T strategic planner, even when the 23 Telcos provided POTS to everyone on a nationwide basis, the cost for a local loop from the Central Office averaged $600 in 1980 - that's $2,400 in today's money. Needless to say, the discounted payback period is exorbitant with rapidly changing technologies and evolving end-user demand.

@robertmason7013 2 ай бұрын

Get media USB tv stick. Watch TV when power goes out. Works on phone or tablet computer and some TV's.😊

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

Unfortunately these devices will not work after the broadcasters enable encryption on the new ATSC 3.0 standard

@robertmason7013 2 ай бұрын

@@LonSeidmannone of my stations in Roanoke VA are encrypted. This also records atsc 3.0 and 1.0. not all channels are encrypted in most cities. Just some of them . this is a good device to have if you go camping are if you have a RV.

@copisetic1104 2 ай бұрын

T-mobile signed a contract with skylink for two years on smart phones. So T-mobile doesn’t need towers and land lines everything is going to be satellite only. Just use T-mobile with your smart phones.

@TildonAnthony 2 ай бұрын

Fantastic 15:38

@Songwriter376 2 ай бұрын

What about the Signal app?

@WhittyPics 2 ай бұрын

We didn't have power here for 3 days

@geraldcroissant8835 2 ай бұрын

I enjoyed your video but you forgot there's two others three other things you can put on that one is a.m. radio regular AM radio broadcast radio NTB radio and grams and do a budget-minded video on all the communications emergency communications

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

The focus of the video was 2-way communications

@geraldcroissant8835 2 ай бұрын

@@LonSeidman yes CB radio is a two-way communications and same way as grams

@geraldcroissant8835 2 ай бұрын

You're still two-way communication but short but effective can't forget about that

@coreybabcock2023 2 ай бұрын

I have 2 baofengs and 2 efj Johnson 5100 es radios and mobile Internet too

@mrw1160 26 күн бұрын

I'll use my smoke ring signals

@lumixS5M2 2 ай бұрын

Why need licence when the whole emergency or world/tech is down?

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

So you can learn how to use everything when there's not an emergency

@lumixS5M2 2 ай бұрын

@@LonSeidman iam HAM from 1972 :) You only learn by doing in the practical way and not from books. All the rest you (need) to learn is just ..... When there is a big disaster, you do not ask for license or the lessons from book, but just want help

@tamiller84 2 ай бұрын

Thanks for the interesting video. Question - will Amateur Radio work during the Zombie Apocalypse :-)

@coreybabcock2023 2 ай бұрын

Wish I could get donations to get that star link mini

@W5KJD Ай бұрын

What about Meshtastic?

@LonSeidman Ай бұрын

See the pinned comment

@Gonzie6 2 ай бұрын

Does the Starlink network let you use it's network to activate, or create for that matter, an account to be able to use the wider internet?

@hansvink9178 2 ай бұрын

You did not mention Meshtastic...

@LonSeidman 2 ай бұрын

I didn't.. Deployment in my area is not anywhere near what we're seeing for amateur radio. Not many people are using it.

@spellerlittlewing 2 ай бұрын

Yes but if your in dense tree area you have to go to open sky

@TildonAnthony 2 ай бұрын

Hi and Go General

@lyndasmythe2692 2 ай бұрын

What happens when Elon Musk takes down Starlink in an emergency to trap us all?

@justsayingforafriend7010 2 ай бұрын

Oh, it works unless you have a big group of SAD Hams that won't help you cuz they've been on the frequency for 40 years... You're a new guy and they won't help you....