Lost Worlds: the Forgotten Creatures of Prehistory

Insects, birds, mammals... Where do they come from? Today, thanks to recent discoveries, scientists are recreating the missing pieces of evolution.
00:00 Who killed the giant insects?
49:56 The mystery of feathered dragons
01:40:27 The dawn of mammals
Directors: Emma Baus & Bertrand Loyer
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[@bathory5026]

Just taking a moment to say that I really appreciate all of the artists, production members, paleontologists and other contributors to this project. Your work has not gone unnoticed.

[@David-cv1se]

You forgot to thank the CGI fake-a-saurs content creators

[@JimKeller-tn6cz]

1:08:00

[@David-cv1se]

@@JimKeller-tn6cz ???

[@unitor699industries]

With all the wars in the world these videos help me with my anxiety

[@janellehoney-badger6525]

Check out “bad lip reading” it will really help you to have a laugh, too. Life should be balanced to feel the good times. Good things can result from bad, even if it’s as simple as a lesson learned. I’m struggling with the way people have evolved in attitude, giving credit & empowering those who would kill them for who they are while hating their own who are accepting, open minded, fair & multiracial!? It’s so frustratingly ignorant to avoid blatant facts. I’ll stop there, I’m ranting. I hope you find a way to deal with the anxiety, be honest with yourself & spoil yourself with a good laugh, check out the stars, planets, watch some animals to notice some similar human traits, our planet has some amazing qualities to offer. Look after yourself, there’s some good people too & even they have an off day.

[@spitfirebird]

I’m just here to see my favorite feathered dinosaurs in action, though they aren’t portrayed fully accurately 😅

[@justvintagecrochet]

Literally same!

[@gdhbdjibxbxiuebw8166]

​@@spitfirebirdй1хй😂0000

[@benjones9227]

Ze​🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉😢😢 at 9

[@mimimills2524]

Maybe some day a scientist will try to figure out why videos on YT get so many views and so few likes….it’s always disproportionate and they’re really good videos. Take a second to appreciate these videos people it’s really not that hard.

[@AngryHateMusic]

I don't like every video I like because it adds it to the "liked" list and that's for like only videos I want to watch again. kzbin.info/aero/LL

[@carolynallisee2463]

I think I can give a partial answer. I was watching the second section, the feathered dragons, and noted that the orientation of the hands of the larger theropods is wrong. Now, I'm not sure when, exactly, this was made, but the fact they reference the 21st century and years in the first two decades of it, tells me that the scientific papers covering how theropods held their hands had been published for some time. It is now believed that these dinosaurs, held their hands with palms inwards rather than palms down. The fact that the animations whilst beautifully rendered, got this simple fact wrong, when a little research could have corrected it, may have earned this video a lot of black marks. One thing else I've noted over the years is that good videos have a 'like' to view ratio of about 1:10, or 10% or higher. Any video that falls below this is suspect, be it poorly made, or displaying a certain contempt for the viewers in various ways. At time of writing, I'm only part way through this one, and what I've seen so far, but for the single error, has been good, in content and animation. All I can think of to account for the poor 'like' ratio, is that other viewers found it boring or not what they expected. It's a shame, really, because this video is covering ground seldom touched, otherwise!

[@mmacutgirl8]

I was just thinking the same thing. Probably because just like everything else, people are always quick to give bad reviews and criticism but don't ever have that same drive to give compliments. It's sad.

[@S.H.A.D.O.999]

The reason I don't "like" videos is it creates a long list of videos in my favorites library.

[@perry92964]

i cant speak for anyone but myself but 3 minutes in the hos said higher oxygen makes the air more flammable......totally not true, im sure there will be a ton of other inaccuracies so i wont be giving it a like.

[@matthewjohnmoriarty]

The quality of this documentary is so high, thank you!

[@David-cv1se]

"Documentary " 😅🤣😅🤣

[@julioalbertoherrera1339]

Very beautiful documentary!!! 🦟🦎🦃🦚🦆🐿️

[@edwardpincus]

Brilliant! Thank you.

[@PeterMaddison2483]

Nice to see a documentary on the other creatures of pre-history other than the usual dinosaurs.

[@zachariahtoothman2168]

Agreed.The tyronofiction and pterodactylie lacks the facts in true physical reality required!!!!

[@trixxart777]

Yeah I love when people discuss other animals like insects,fish,birds and especially crocodiles since it's intresting how well adapted they are since prehistoric crocodiles aren't too different other than sarcosuchus off course

[@poornimapradeep7142]

Yess....Iam interested to know about ancient creatures and more about evolution..

[@Aimu1]

Thank you for uploading! Helped me forget my troubles even for a bit.

[@2tru4lifeg]

Any survival ark players !!!!

[@Sooom11]

🦧🦥❤️

[@BrandonTheOne2]

Nope! :)

[@jameskps]

Dork

[@VolcanoFarts15]

No! 😄

[@carlosgrieljaracarrasco7207]

Excelente, lo malo es que está en inglés, y no todos sabemos o entendemos el idioma.

[@mbvoelker8448]

Really excellent! I particularly loved the scenes where the wireframe animations would emerge from the fossils. Such a clever touch adding to the information being presented.

[@David-cv1se]

What information 🤷‍♂️🤦‍♂️ these are fake-a-saurses

[@garmtpug]

An excellent documentary! I really enjoyed this!

[@carolynallisee2463]

As I was watching the feathered dragons section, it struck me that the issue we have in determining if dinosaurs were cold or warm blooded, is the same issue we have with just about everything in Nature... in other words, we've been trying to fit everything in neat little boxes, nice and tidy, when nothing is meant to be treated this way. We like to divide the animal life into two broad metabolic categories, cold blooded or warm blooded. Other designations are ectotherms (heated from the outside environment) or endotherms (heated from inside the body). I was taught at school that all invertebrates, fish, amphibians and reptiles were all cold blooded, and that birds and mammals were warm blooded. Fast forward forty or so years, and we now know things aren't as cut and dried as we thought. Great white sharks, supposedly cold blooded, keep parts of their bodies heated, albeit not quite to human body temperature. Hummingbirds, a 'warm-blooded creature' also allow their body temperatures to drop when resting, to reduce the energy they burn up, and therefore the amount of food they must eat. Metabolic variations aren't the only natural phenomena we are learning are far more complicated than we originally thought. A totally different field of scientific study, that of plate tectonics, once portrayed as a simple, almost conveyor belt like process, has, in recent years shown it is anything but, with such processes as slab roll back and so on. True, we are still learning things in so many different fields, some of which are still quite young subjects, relatively speaking. Yet this human impulse to have clearly defined categories in which to put things, and then to put everything into the right one, has been with us from the very beginning of our species. Until we learn to accept that nothing in Nature can really be compartmentalised the way we want, we are always going to struggle with things like the metabolism of dinosaurs!

[@lloydmckay3241]

That's what some sciences have become . Categorization and often just fumblingly so since so much is beyond our senses but it give people career and brings home the bacon but also misses the point of life. Self searching and self realization and as we are humans and can have extended intelligence we also look beyond the material manifestation into what is consciousness and it's meaning for us. Our curiosity is also on a metaphysical plane. We want answers.

[@tyronevaldez-kruger5313]

@@lloydmckay3241 Scientists rely on empirical evidence and consistency and are not interested in philosophical aspects like the point of life. Humans established religion to have a point of life unfortunately with devastating consequences.

[@jamesellis2784]

You a chevelle fan ? Jars .

[@visnuexe]

It was such a pleasure to see these animals in anmation! Having sifted through dirt from late Cratacious to find little rat and mice like teeth, and occasional Hadrosaurus I could find little material on line about early mamals at the time, it is a special treat to watch this portrayal come to life. I spent only 3 days In Jurassic fossil exploration. It just makes me want to join another museum sponsored dig for more!

[@edwigcarol4888]

I love your comment. and can't refrain from mentioning hermaphrodite and sexual reproduction.. some beings are some times hermaphrodite other times rather not, depends... The same with genders. New coined word "being binary or not binary" : and this is not psychological or cultural. I give an example with the two lionesses of Kevin Richardson two sisters "Meg" and "Amy", little Y-T stars.. some years ago Amy has died of cancer.. so far so good but Meg got problems, they decided a resection of the ovaries, till the labor called "Kevin! They are not ovaries but testicules, which have not migrated to the outside of the body.. (she looks like a perfect lioness, full of beans we can say) Kevin's comment "she will always be my gillie!" Your comment on the human tendency to "know" instead of wondering is deeply true I feel Rilke "love the questions because you may not get the answers a life time"

[@DownhillAllTheWay]

When birds sprang from the dinosaur, the Hoatzin didn't spring as far as most. It still has hooks on its wings to help it climb trees. If you're interested in this stuff, and if you don't know about the Hoatzin, you should look it up. It is a modern bird, but doesn't fly particularly well, it is quite brightly coloured, but its most interesting features are its prehistoric ones that have not been evolved away.

[@ianlewis3023]

Only the juveniles, straight out of the egg, have hooks on the wing. Still a remarkable retention of an ancient characteristic

[@dogcatfamily2476]

Fascinating Tysm never heard of them but, will research. How interesting. Very kind of you. Thank you 👍

[@julioalbertoherrera1339]

"In 2015, genetic research indicated that the *hoatzin* is the last surviving member of a bird line that branched off in its own direction 64 million years ago, shortly after the extinction event that killed the nonavian dinosaurs." Therefore, the Hoatzin has no modern relatives, it's the sole extant member of the family _Ophistocomidae._ There are a few fossils of the family, from the Miocene, 37 million years ago.

[@Shannon-tm7ek]

Actually, in spite of how they look, hoatzins are not particularly "primitive". Ostriches, emus, rheas, moas,etc are more primitive (and sometimes have clawed wings), and even they are more "advanced" than most Mesozoic birds.

[@Kerry-G]

Birds were already dinosaurs. They didn’t spring from them.

[@Michael-nh8ht]

A very informative and interesting video for anybody interested in ancient life forms. A superb video & put together in a very good way with many interesting discoveries of ancient life.

[@govindyadav-vr6se]

Sh😊😊

[@govindyadav-vr6se]

Ok

[@poornimapradeep7142]

Yes

[@David-cv1se]

👆🤡

[@hollyoswald7808]

The ghost like animations are great!

[@killintime8431]

I didn’t like it

[@annoyed707]

Sometimes you want to see what they looked like. Other times you you want to see the structure in operation. Sometimes the structure is all we know for sure

[@UttamMurmu-or5no]

​@@killintime8431😮🎉😂😂😂❤😂😂😅❤❤❤😊

[@chocolatefrenzieya]

I always love the animation of them coming out of the fossils. :)

[@techtube1111]

Excellent... in every way. Thank you for posting.👏

[@ColinFreeman-kh9us]

Great documentary, well narrated informative makes you want to crack a few rocks

[@-ananda-]

Brillante trabajo de investigación , gracias a todo el equipo de grabación y participantes Un dato: si algún estudiante español que no sepa inglés quiere hacer un trabajo basado en éste documental , espero que no lo haga para una tesis o examen, porque la traducción en bastantes casos es sencillamente surrealista incluso demencial Señor KZbin en la era de la IA, no tiene mejores traductores??

[@andreearominamicu]

Supongo que si tiene solo tienes que buscar uno bastante bueno por que ai algunos que traducen lo que el quere es mui cistoso😅

[@AljhonRadaza]

Thank you for making me fall asleep. I've been suffering for insomnia.

[@giuseppelogiurato5718]

1:38:22 French humor at its best.. it's funny, because it is like life; the smaller dinosaur falls off the cliff and cries "ooooohhh!" as it falls to its death, and the bigger dinosaur is like, "whoops, there's a cliff there" and it lives, but wait... Someone is going extinct, but not before the wine becomes vinegar... 👏👏😘😘🇨🇵❤

[@MateenWeree]

ترجمه.زبانی.فارسی

[@Lhukka]

que documentário lindo,mostra a semelhança entre os dinossauros e as aves atuais

[@bullesdarcenciel5875]

C'était hyper intéressant, j'ai pas vu le temps passer , je me suis régalée, merci beaucoup pour ce reportage de qualité qui debunk aussi pas mal de croyances que je pouvais avoir !

[@prasanthprasanth4208]

❤❤

[@denislanglais955]

Et aprés cela , certains dinosaures devinrent déja déviants , comme le tripotalanus , animal sournois et imprévisible ...

[@gaywizard2000]

I remember this on TV, such a wonderful informative and beautifully animated production! I enjoy seeing the less popular prehistory.

[@ineffablemars]

do you know who is narrating? the voice is so familiar!

[@gaywizard2000]

@@ineffablemars James Faulkner, in the end credits!

[@gaywizard2000]

@@ineffablemars look in the end credits.

[@deanfulford69]

I wish we could find life on another planet in my lifetime

[@cepelinai123]

Like bacteria or dinosaurs?

[@narrativequestion]

dont worry some very realistic cgi is sure to come about soon. there will be all sorts of nonsense before you snuff it.

[@deanfulford69]

@@cepelinai123 dinosaurs

[@Chr.U.Cas2216]

Why? So that mankind can ruin another world?

[@JohnSmith-fw2zf]

Can tell you never got laid🤣🤣

[@biggestfanof300]

I see a Therozinosaurus, I click.

[@SuperMegaSammy]

Fascinating documentary!

[@carmogoncalvesleal2254]

Muitos parabéns pelo documentário, está excelente.

[@hilbillie]

What an amazing job. I can imagine this guy as a kid and his bug collection :).

[@user-zc2rb9ho5x]

Honey I shrunk the kids??? 😂

[@user-wc8ms6nl2l]

Кто может узнать что было10000 лет назад если вы не знанте правду за 100 лет. Ученые хватит вратья?

[@marylappegard5000]

That was a very good show. I'm so grateful.it was on KZbin for all to discover❤🎉.

[@David-cv1se]

You can "discover " fake-a-saurs videos anywhere

[@pamelaphilpott6434]

❤ fascinating and educating ❤ hope you continue to share this with us

[@ginnied7346]

That was a fantastic watch, interesting and eye-opening

[@vickiwallace7453]

The cutest little guy ever! I would absolutely love to care for little creatures like him! I'm glad you care so much for those bat's! So many ignorant ppl think they are disgusting! Ppl want to scream an act like idiots ! Thank you for your compassionate care!😇😘💗💯✌️👍👌

[@spitfirebird]

I LOVE BATS! They are one of the cutest things to ever grace the earth, and actually are important pollinators of many tropical fruits we eat, and put millions of insects in coffins every year, so they actually help agriculture thrive and keep crop prices down, because if they weren’t eating so many insects, then the pest insects would decimate entire fields of crops, so we actually owe them a favor!

[@josephhowell4250]

Very interesting. I assumed it was as simple as the oxygen levels decreasing. Flowers ultimately did them in. Death by flower…Fascinating.

[@annoyed707]

Oxygen levels dropped considerably lower than today at the end of the Permian, so oxygen was likely still a factor.

[@Shannon-tm7ek]

Dinosaurs actually became more common and varied after flowering plants evolved.

[@paulinenigh6004]

AMAZING THANK YOU FOR SHARING

[@LeeDee5]

Even though some of these creatures are terrifying this documentary was quite soothing for some reason.

[@rogertheshrubber2551]

It's a smooth presentation with smooth narration.

[@nightingale7829]

Damals gab es nicht nur Rieseninsekten und anderes Getier, auch die Vegetation war dementsprechend gigantisch. Die Bäume z. B. waren mindestens tausend(e) Jahre alt und dementsprechend war auch ihr Umfang riesig und die Höhe enorm. Allein die Farne erreichten damals Baumgrösse. Die Umgebung sollte dementsprechend auch dargestellt werden.

[@edwigcarol4888]

Es waren andere pflanzen Arten. Die modernen Bäume und Pflanzen gab es noch nicht. Es ist ein Thema in sich ..

[@jotv7224]

if our world was once so radically different with these epic forms of life imagine the possibilities of the universe. its infinite. Creation unlimited.

[@spitfirebird]

“If even a fraction of exoplanets out there in the universe are habitable, then the universe must be… alive.” - Alien Worlds.

[@frankhernandez6883]

*Excellent series--- learned a lot*🙂

[@matermedical7731]

Superb. Outstanding. Well presented.

[@kryts27]

Predatory birds, like raptors, but does include others such as corvids, insectiverous birds and so on catch their food using sight, not smell. Most birds do not have a strong sense of smell, unlike many mammals, including predatory mammals such as canines.

[@deandeann1541]

At about 2:05 the narrator states that human beings would not survive in the high oxygen atmosphere of the Carboniferous period. Not quite. Humans would be just fine in areas well above sea level, which would have the same oxygen partial pressure as today but at higher altitude. Short excursions to sea level would be just fine, until coughing and sore lungs indicate the onset of the early stages of oxygen toxicity. It varies a lot from person to person, but some people would have a few days time at sea level before O2 exposure became a serious problem.There would be plenty of warning to return to higher altitude before the onset of acute symptoms such as serious lung damage and oxygen seizures.

[@mixz9929]

But wouldn't that necessarily be the same thing we would be able to survive only a short period so as conclusion humans would not be able to survive

[@deandeann1541]

We have quite a number of cities at high altitude, there is enough land so that survival would not be a problem. There are whole countries that are sufficiently high eg Nepal, there are large high plateaus over a mile up even in the US.@@mixz9929

[@deandeann1541]

Yes. I don't see the relevance of it. I have experienced hyperventilation, hypercapnia, and anoxia - all while at work. I am a retired commercial diver and licensed breathing gas mixer. I have spent a considerable time breathing oxygen enriched gas mixtures and have spent a great deal of time breathing gas with an oxygen partial pressure of 1 Bar and have spent a somewhat lesser amount of time at higher oxygen levels. These are higher concentrations than occurred at sea level in the Carboniferous, where the oxygen partial pressure at mean sea level was no more than 0.35 Bar. My knowledge re oxygen toxicity is both theoretical and first hand experience. The sort of oxygen toxicity that would occur to modern humans exposed to Carboniferous levels of oxygen would generally require continuous exposure for a week or more and would be expressed as an onset of coughing, increasing chest discomfort, and increasing levels of lung inflamation. If nothing is done to reduce oxygen exposure it would eventually be fatal for many people - but it would be easily treated by increasing altitude, with full recovery. There is plenty of modern experiencewith this sort of toxicity as it occurs with hospital patients breathing high oxygen mixtures for extended periods. The resistance to the oxygen toxicity caused by long term exposure to mildly enriched oxygen mixes such as what existed during the Carboniferous era varies considerably from person to person, there are people who would be just fine for a very long time. With considerably higher mixes such as can occur accidentally when diving at extreme depth, immediate seizures will result, which normally results in drowning.@bubblesxo1814

[@brayanebutin4030]

⁠​⁠@@deandeann1541 the narrator did not say that humans could not survive in this era but that the human organism is not adapted to this era. Which isn't really the same thing.

[@deandeann1541]

"Humans would not survive in this high oxygen atmosphere..." that direct quote is from about 2 minutes 5 seconds after the beginning of the video, as I stated above.@@brayanebutin4030

[@buriedtoodeep1508]

Amazing documentary.

[@SpinoDragonProductions]

You are a chad for uploading this and not the Ancient Earth version. THANK YOU!

[@TheAdelaideWoman]

This is so interesting😊

[@airplayn]

Humid are is much less dense than dry air, not more dense. Water vapor (a gas) has a MW of 18g/mole while the components of dry air are, N2 and O2, which have MW of 28g/mole and 32g/mole, respectively.

[@camdougherty7285]

That seems counterintuitive .

[@johnmitchell803]

Very educated documentary birds are so worth the research truly one of the worlds most impressive groups

[@ptauagpt]

GREAT VIDEO !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.....its equivilent to being there in time !!!!

[@Titus-as-the-Roman]

As a life long hard core outdoors-man I can attest there's enough strange and dangerous critters living today to make me happy all these are extinct. Has anyone ever seen a really Big Land Crab or a Full Grown Scalloped Hammer-Head Shark P.S.- a note on flight, I only first saw this about 5 years ago, has anyone ever seen those really large Turkey Vultures in Panhandle Florida, that are normally gliding High in the sky, do aerobatics among the lower Trunks of pine trees in a very thick forest, these birds are Hideous looking but they sure do know how to fly

[@iananderson3799]

Humans have always been bad news for megafauna. In a few hundred years Titus' relatives will be posting the same about long extinct polar bears, tigers and rhinos. Muppet.

[@jamesdolan4042]

Brilliant and endlessly fascinating.

[@hospitalqueen4047]

Man God made sme AMAZING creatures!! 😮 it always amazes me how God is so creative to make all of these creatures.

[@Eshkanama]

Well done. Our planet is absolutely fascinating.

[@leisamaggard113]

awesome documentary!

[@lynninpain]

A centipede 10 feet long sounds like a nightmare or a horror film!

[@spitfirebird]

Arthropluera was not a centipede, but a millipede, which are entirely herbivores. So they probably wouldn’t view us as a snack. Though, modern millipedes have mildly toxic skin, so don’t go thinking Atrthropleura was entirely harmless.

[@Kerry-G]

See the version of King Kong with Jack Black in it.

[@user-qy4bf8rq6o]

첫 시작 브금만으로도 구독을 박기에 충분하다

[@danielgarlock2074]

Excellent production. ❤ - for the Enhanced Version, ...use a floss-pick to polish your dentition while watching.

[@laurancedoyle4231]

Good show! just a note that people that fly airplanes know - with higher humidity it's less dense and makes it more difficult to get airborne. The water molecule weighs less than the air, oxygen oxygen molecule.

[@leliaandreoli5086]

Super!!!

[@user-zm6sc6sy3w]

My respect to the camera man to record all of this for us without being eaten alive by a dinosaur 🎉🎉

[@freelandLee1987]

This is Jurassic Park.❤

[@killintime8431]

No

[@melodyszadkowski5256]

They would probably call it that because Carboniferous Park just doesn't have the same zing. 😂

[@annoyed707]

'Boring Billion Park'. Not much zing.

[@rmb2664]

So none of these early dinosaurs were able to fold their wings and tuck them on their backs like modern birds. It sure would have made it much easier to forage on the ground. There is a duck that still exists that has claws on its wings when it it young. I think it only uses these claws for climbing, not for scratching on the ground for worms and insects.

[@SerynaSeryna]

thats not a duck but a hoatzin

[@themonsterbaby]

​@@SerynaSerynaTuraco's do too.

[@poornimapradeep7142]

I really appreciate your efforts ❤️Thanks

[@phoenixrising2626]

How did not one person not hear that baby crying EVER? That poor baby starved and suffered for days. There's no way that at minimum one person didn't know that baby was in there. I can't believe that. What I will never get over is how you have to prove you are capable of doing everything else in the world, except demonstrate basic parenting skills and how to take care of a baby. you need a license to drive, you need a certificate for this and a degree for that, but noone has to demonstrate one iota of a skill or competency to care for and rear a child. Absolutely Incredible!

[@ianscash6759]

Superb

[@richardmuir3536]

The two fossils found in the same burrow were probably running from something dangerous and both animals ended up in the same burrow.

[@thomasnaylor2162]

Excellent vedio of Earth's animals past history.!

[@taravitti2544]

Hmm… what about the nymph stage of the dragon fly? Modern ones are susceptible to many varieties of underwater predators, could that be a extinction contributor as well?

[@Wardads1]

Do you fish the fly ?

[@tardismole]

Interesting that one scene has someone saying there are no mammals living along side dinosaurs, while the rest of the episode has many people proving that they did, by showing fossils and teeth that come from the Cretaceous. I'll go wth the fossil evidence, since DNA does not preserve as well as bone. Perhaps we should be looking at the contents of coprolites for the missing mammals. Excellent series with so much to think about.

[@JimmyStiffFingers]

Mammals most definitely lived alongside dinosaurs. They were just very small.

[@spitfirebird]

We actually have full skeletons of multiple species of early mammals from the jehol biota in china, such as the predatory Repenomamus, which has been found with the bones of an early ceratopsian dinosaur psitaccosaurus in its stomach region, or a fossil of an insectivorous flying-squirrel-like animal that has preserved soft tissues called Volaticatherium.

[@waynechristensen9932]

They probably meant that no large mammals lived at that time.

[@themonsterbaby]

​@@ShelveanKapita it isn't really that simple. Populations evolve. Not individuals. But yeah, a lot of shit went right for us to get here. Right for us I mean.

[@CleonEbonpaw]

My understanding is the scientist in question was saying the DNA analysis indicates "modern" orders of mammals (Rodenta like agoutis & mice, Carnivora like cats & dogs, et cetera) had *probably* evolved sometime in the Cretaceous, but they haven't found any fossil evidence for these orders from before the Paleogene. All the Cretaceous mammals appear to be from other orders, a good few of which are now extinct. Another scientist in the documentary said he'd love to find eggs among the prehistoric mammals he was studying. Presumably because that'd tell him whether the mammal laid eggs or gave live birth. Some of these fossils have enough preserved anatomy they can make educated guesses as to whether the mammal is a Eutheria (living ones are placental and give live birth), Metatheria (living ones are marsupial and give live birth) or Monotremes (living ones lay eggs), but without a fossil embryo that's inside its mother or an egg there's no way to tell for sure. Even if a scientist were *absolutely* confident a Cretaceous mammal was a Eutherian, for example, that doesn't exclude the possibility of egg-laying among extinct early members of that order. Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence, as the saying goes. It reminds me of the Ichthyosaurs and Plesiosaurs, types of Mesozoic marine reptiles that were both originally thought to be egg-layers. Then fossils of juveniles still inside their mothers were found, proving at least some were viviparous and possibly/probably all or most of them. Also, bear in mind that many early mammal fossils are just a single tooth, and some extinct mammals are only known from their teeth, or fragments of jaws with some teeth. There's a limit to what scientists can deduce from the dentition alone!

[@simondebaeufort]

excellent documentary. first class

[@dwarfbunni]

Love the inclusion of two birds banging about halfway through

[@user-ww7jq3ud3j]

ชอบ

[@erichtomanek4739]

Have any fossils of Meganeura's larvae/nymphs? been found? Think of today's dragonfly young, in the water, hunting for prey. Then think about the lower hinged jaw that telescopes out to capture that prey scaled up to Meganeura's size! Yikes!!!

[@enternamehere6573]

Thankyou for ur work .

[@2ezee2011]

LOVED THIS SHOW>

[@robotboy719]

Actually, a modern human would survive in atmosphere of 35% oxygen. There would probably be some health issues but nothing immediately life threatening. Also, dragonflies today do not have hinges enabling them to fold their wings together, though damselflies do.

[@danieldeanmasterfinisher4715]

I always thought that Jeremiah was a bullfrog not a mammal 🤔🐸

[@at6683]

He was a good friend of mine.

[@brunoB1980]

The animations are adorable!

[@jaythree7292]

Brilliant, loved watching this

[@cutepuppy2422]

Just out of curiosity if you grew insects in a highly oxygenated environment wouldn't they be larger than average?

[@Debbie-henri]

I was wondering the same thing. If tanks were created in zoos to display live tropical dragonflies, could they pump a little extra oxygen in to see if they grew larger after a number of generations?

[@dedel1303]

Yes, such an experience has already been tried and though they were not as big as those seen on those documentaries, insects who grew up in a 31% oxygenated environment were bigger than there normal counterpart. Meanwhile insects who grew up in a less oxygenated environment than today were smaller

[@Lemmi7810]

And why only insects? I heard of this before. Well I mean nearly every species was bigger then.

[@grunthostheflatulent2613]

"What Killed the giant prehistoric insects?" Simple, Prehistoric giant bug zappers. Ill just get my hat and see myself out...

[@killintime8431]

That’s not true u

[@adyleea1555]

I'm using an earlobes,I thought there's fly or insect flying beside my ear.This proved a great quality!

[@victoriabunnag4070]

Wow!!! This was fantastic.

[@Sueezedtight]

Humid air is LESS dense than dry air, therefore, NOT a reason why the large dragonfly could lift its heavy carcass into the air... Less dense atmosphere provides less lift for the same wing movement (like at high altitudes where the atmosphere is less dense due to the pressure drop). The less dense air might have allowed the insects to fly more easily but with more effort (wing movement).

[@Shahawir]

Gosh, ostriches used to be very ugly..

[@crpth1]

2:06:38 "This guy ate dinosaurs..." And i bet they all tasted like chicken! LOL 😂 😂

[@crpth1]

Exceptionally good documentary! Totally worth and highly recommended. Thumbs up. ;-)

[@lloydmckay3241]

Giant human beings could have survived in that high oxygen atmosphere and thrived. As scientists can speculate so can I.

[@cracstheidiot6913]

Mammals didn’t even exist at the time, you need to atleast wait for the Triassic period

[@limeychefboy]

Scientists speculate using immutable laws of the universe, like the Square Cube law for starters

[@Kerry-G]

What “giant “ humans?

[@Ed_Stuckey]

3:02 _Oxygen also makes the air extremely flammable_ Air (nitrogen, oxygen, co² + minor mixed gases) is not flammable. Oxygen is not flammable. Oxygen supports the combustion of flammable substances.

[@johnnybravo9096]

Earth is the only known place where fire exists.

[@localnumber8935]

This is so fun to watch!!!

[@nanonano.8025]

a beautiful fairytale documentary

[@kcinkg]

At 7:28 it says the high humidity made it easier for them to fly, untrue, it makes the air less dense. Huge mistake confusing this common fact.

[@peterplotts1238]

Then why is flight more difficult in the thin atmosphere of Mars? How does having more of something in the atmosphere make it less dense?

[@kcinkg]

@@peterplotts1238 maybe you should look it up, before you ask others to explain something you have not the foundation to understand.

[@peterplotts1238]

Speaking of huge mistakes, did your parents ever get over the shock and horror of producing a creepy little boogerphagist, like you?

[@jamiepreston1490]

Why not take a dragonfly larve and grow it in a controlled environment with 35% oxygen and see if it grows massive. If they can you would think they would.

[@viperaputakeyteaparyou8237]

Most likely, they would die. This experiment might succeed if one had a LOT of time and thousands of larvae, then over thousands of generations the genes would adapt to better take in the oxygen, producing larger tubes for transport within the body, and over many thousands of generations they'd start progressively getting bigger under the action of natural selection (with the environment acting as selection mechanism)

[@annoyed707]

That is not how evolution works. It might permit insects with suitable growth patterns or mutations to get bigger, but oxygen alone will not make force an individual to grow larger if it otherwise is not inclined to do so. It would take multiple generations.

[@kenneth9874]

They would take many generations to adapt to the new conditions

[@justqueenbee8798]

The beginning music really caught my attention especially as someone in band😅

[@urnosey23]

AWESOME VIDEO 👍 THANK YOU 😊

[@deandeann1541]

I find it truly amazing that pig mints were found in the fossil record in close association with small feathered therapod dinosaurs, 35 million years before pigs are otherwise known to have evolved. Clearly, porcine evolution must be reevaluated in light of this evidence that porcine progenitors walked together with T Rex in the late Cretaceous - there must have been epic battles indeed over what was to be had for breakfast.

[@jessepitt]

Mmmmmm, pig mint🤤

[@Shannon-tm7ek]

WHAT? its "pigments" as in colors. Youre trolling right?

[@themonsterbaby]

Wtf is a "pig mint"??

[@veritas41photo]

The close-ups of insects "breathing" make me downright queasy... Like watching the "Alien: or "Alien Versus Predator" movies. Nature can be scary, even on planet Earth.

[@liamgross7217]

Very scary considering there’s more microscopic organisms living on your body than animals on the face of the earth.

[@andrewgalloway7344]

great intro graphics ... smoke text rocks.

[@Kingofgrowers]

Never before has a narrator captured me so rapidly. I subbed because of that amazing voice. Max Von Sydow ?

[@__-be1gk]

I love how the deep monotone narrator voice of old just sounds like AI now

[@nicknoga564]

Whoever animated this needs to study up on dinosaur wrists. They weren’t bunny-wrists.

[@cracstheidiot6913]

@@thisisdeafening9933it’s been known for like, many years now

[@nicknoga564]

@supaaaree It’s been known for a few decades by paleontologists that no dinosaur had the ability to cross the radius of the ulna… meaning they had little-to-no ability when it came to pronating their wrists. “Bunny hands” (as I call arms with downward-facing palms) is an archaic, and now debunked, portrayal of dinosaurs. Their palms should generally be shown facing inwards toward each other as if they were about to clap… as this was their resting position.

[@Shannon-tm7ek]

@bubblesdarling generally speaking, dinosaur "hands" had a similar range of movement as a chicken wing, so their palms faced each other when they brought their arms forward. Their hands couldnt flatten out like ours do during a push up. Hope that helps.