Cadmium - A TOXIC Metal From Old Batteries!

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Do not repeat the experiments shown in this video!
Hi everyone! Today I would like to tell you about a metal, which many of you dealt with in childhood, when using nickel-cadmium batteries, which were in widespread use in the 90-th. I think many of you had toys which ran on such batteries. It is time to learn more about the properties of such a metal as cadmium and why it was used to power remote control cars everybody was fond of.

[@StopChangingUsernamesYouTube]

Oh yes, NiCd, my favorite kind of battery! >Plays with truck for 15 minutes >Charges battery for eight hours >Plays with truck for 14 minutes

[@tuongang4765]

Lol

[@jesussaves7938]

Lol, Insert "Back in my day...!".

[@StopChangingUsernamesYouTube]

Aw lawdy, has the 90's become 'back in my day' stuff? Well, I guess I better get to writing some convincing lore for the period. FYI, we not only walked to and from school uphill, but during classes.

[@jeffw1267]

NiCd batteries had their drawbacks, but the first set I bought for my Walkman CD player lasted for ten years.

[@JanicekTrnecka]

They have drawbacks but in some applications they are still unbeatable. They can survive quite rough conditions unlike Lithium batteries.

[@quickminutetv4170]

“It’s poisonous” to be more accurate, cadmium causes your bones to weaken dramatically. A person with high levels of cadmium in their body will feel a deep pain in their spine and will break bones from seemingly mild injuries. And it makes them walk in a strange and distorted way because of the sharp pains they feel in their bones. Cadmium is a miserable thing.

[@wat8437]

I love russian English

[@BlondeQtie]

Do you know how exactly it weakens the bones?

[@Negs42]

@@BlondeQtie it resembles the alkaline earth metals and so the body cannot distinguish between them. So cadmium deposits in bones instead of Calcium making the bones Brittle.

[@official-obama]

It even hurts in Japanese!

[@svartiske3283]

0:26, the framerate of the recording device appears to be in phase with the cycle of the car tires. Almost looks like stop-motion!

[@moronicpest]

NiCad rechargable batteries were used in toys in the usa as early as 1970 in Hot Wheels Sizzlers. 90 seconds charging with conventional batteries gave 5 minutes of run time. They were fun.

[@bairfamilyfarm1336]

I've got a "reader's digest" multiband radio from the late 70s. Still has the original NiCd batteries. And they still work.

[@alvaroreyes1653]

That's why one of the colours from Bob Ross' palette is called "cadmium yellow"

[@petermason2743]

Pomp and circumstance

[@Pateriek]

Im only here for this comment after a Ross vid 😂

[@MrCurly210]

There's cadmium red

[@smith5796]

Haha lol. Indeed.

[@ndc5544p]

I love your videos! Very informative and to the point. I really hope they find soon more elements so you have more to cover! :D

[@JohnBicknell]

Another great video, I have learnt so much : but, I think Vincent van Gogh used the cheaper chrome yellow in his sunflower paintings. The pigment is slowly going from yellow to orange and then to green.

[@extraSPARErib]

I learn a good deal about our world and how it works from your in depth, informative, fun, & well produced videos. Thank you very much for this unique content. So much of KZbin is made by people taking advantage of other people's intellectual properties and idea so when a channel like your is an option I cannot understand wasting my time watching some garbage click bait instead. Keep growing yourself and your content, I have watched your productions get better and the information get deeper, I am sure the future will be even better for you with all you have already accomplished. Many many thanks!

[@dhggtr]

Thoisoi2 my favorite chanel, excelent videos!!

[@filipevasconcelos1980]

Love your stuff, man!

[@2.7petabytes]

You produce excellent videos on elemental science! Thank you

[@AgnostosGnostos]

During late 80's I had many NiCd AA batteries for my cassette player Walkman and later CD player Discman. Early NiCd AA batteries were five times more expensive and had three times less capacity than alkaline batteries (after early 90's the NiCd AA batteries performance was increased though). However the benefit was enormous. I could recharge them at least three hundred times without significant loss of capacity and use them with my Walkman, without paying frequently for the disposable alkaline batteries. The NiCd were revolutionary batteries then. The first GSM mobile phones from early 90's were using NiCd batteries and demanded recharge every day (by the way my new iPhone X demands recharge every day too). After mid 90's appeared the first GSM mobile phones with NiMh batteries which could work without recharge for more than three days. Something phenomenal then. At the end of 90's lithium rechargeable batteries appeared in GSM mobile phones which in some models could keep the mobile phone working without recharging for two weeks. The NiCd AA batteries had lower voltage 1.2V than the 1.5V of AA alkaline batteries. That was one of the reasons why NiCd batteries didn't let the walkmans to play cassettes for a very long time. I used to change NiCd AA batteries very frequently but that was not very annoying because I simply didn't pay for alkaline batteries. The normal charging of empty NiCd AA batteries needed at least five hours. Some fast chargers of 90 minutes were introduced but I was avoiding them because I had read that they were reducing the number of recharge cycles of NiCd AA batteries. NiCd AA batteries had the memory effect too. Some people doubt about the existence of memory effect. I was always recharging empty NiCd AA batteries to avoid the reduction of their capacity. My special battery chargers were automatically fully discharging the NiCd AA batteries before starting to fully recharge them. NiCd AA batteries were self discharged too. If a fully charged NiCd AA battery wasn't used for two months, it was loosing at least half of its capacity. But that wasn't an issue for me because I was using them frequently. The NiMh AA batteries were available at the end of 90's. I remember well that they were three times more expensive and had double the capacity of NiCd AA batteries. NiMh AA had still lower capacity than Alkaline batteries (The recent eneloop batteries are equally good as alkaline ones). After 2000 the NiCd AA batteries were made obsolete. The price of NiMh AA was dropped and their capacity was increased. Most electronics were manufactured to work equally good with the 1.2 V of NiMh AA batteries like the 1.5 V of alkaline batteries. That made the NiMh AA batteries more favorable. Nowadays I am using the Eneloop pro NiMh AA batteries. They have large capacity, they don't self recharge and no memory effect. Ideal for remote controller, wireless keyboard and mouse. Theoretically the next step of rechargeable batteries is the lithium technology. But rechargeable lithium batteries deliver 3.7 V instead of 1.5 V of alkaline batteries and electronics can't cope with such a voltage difference. Nevertheless there are NO rechargeable lithium AA batteries with very very high capacity at 1.5V. I use them mostly with clocks.

[@meharbansingh3141]

This is all about the chemistry. In this form of video good for learning. thanks for you.

[@Donnaya137]

Cadmium Sulfide was also used in Photoelectric cells, for light detection. The type sold by Tandy Electronics in the 80s was extremely sensitive, with an excellent transitional range.

[@100griffin]

still is

[@michaelmellon45]

As always, thank you for the great educational video.

[@autistictechgirl]

Learning from this channel is a lot more interesting than the chemistry lessons at school which were incredibly boring

[@andredearaujorodrigues7725]

I love your videos, congratulations!

[@jamesg1367]

Nicely done, well presented!

[@himanshuhero]

Awesome video Love you. From where do u get this things? But it was awesome.

[@fixedguitar47]

Swarn Lata Tiwari - You can find most elements if you know where to look. Depends on how resourceful you are. Most are just laying around.

[@Scrawlerism]

To ass on to what fixedguitar said, you can also order a lot of this stuff (base elements) online. But this KZbinr is awesome cause he's really trying to give a "report" on each element and I love it. He's got people who want to help him, in this case.

[@fixedguitar47]

Scrawlerism - You can be a lazy “ASS” and do it that way and in some cases you have to. Depends on what you need and in what quantity and purity.

[@fixedguitar47]

Scrawlerism - If your looking for oxygen, carbon,hydrogen, nitrogen and stuff like potassium! You don’t have to go far ASSHOLE!!!

[@dalegribble1945]

Looks sturdy enough to make floss stick string with, heck yeah!

[@steveherring3689]

I thought cadmium was a crystal! Thanks for another awesome video

[@AgnostosGnostos]

NiCD batteries are used even today by cordless electrical drills. NiCd batteries offer higher ambers for a short time which is very useful with electric appliances which needs more power for a shorter time like electric drills.

[@russg1801]

Zis ist most interesting video; enjoyable for watching!

[@getprobed838]

this guy makes some really good videos.

[@russellcampbell9641]

Another great video!!!

[@Afrocanuk]

@ 4:02 - Even in the 1970's NiCd batteries were used to power some scale-electric toy cars. In 1980, the first rechargeable RC helicopter; the Skylark EH-1 powered by a NiCd power pack was introduced. Eventually followed by others like the Kalt Baron Whisper & the Concept EP.

[@roberthorwat6747]

Well crafted script, near perfect English narration all things considered. fascinating video

[@vedantkashyap5703]

As always great sir👍

[@BlackWolf42-]

My 1st cell phone had NiCads. It came with a discharging unit so that the cells didn't develop a 'memory'. I raced RC cars years ago and the introduction of NiMH cells was a huge plus for the hobby - massive current output, larger capacity and no more discharge cycles before charging. The NiCads were lighter if I remember correctly.

[@nunyabisnass1141]

You can still get cadmium yellow paint. I bought it accidentally once and tried returning it after realising my mistake. It was a small craft store that wouldn't take the return, so it sat on my shelf for a while not wanting to throw it in the trash.

[@afs.akhter8274]

Itai-itai disease (イタイイタイ病 itai-itai byō, "it hurts-it hurts disease") was the name given to the mass cadmium poisoning of Toyama Prefecture, Japan, starting around 1912. The term "itai-itai disease" was coined by local for the severe pains (Japanese: 痛い itai) people with the condition felt in the spine and joints. Cadmium poisoning can also cause softening of the bones and kidney failure. The cadmium was released into rivers by mining companies in the mountains, which were successfully sued for the damage. Itai-itai disease is known as one of the Four Big Pollution Diseases of Japan.

[@TheIdiotPlays]

0:17 Scheit, now I'm tempted to find my old rc car.... I had that exact battery in it :D

[@akkatfiresafety8567]

Thank you for your valuable information.

[@mordecai6802]

I subbed because i loved your accent 😘

[@ReyOfLight]

Ah, the memories... I remember when there was a lot of talk about those batteries in the 90’s! I was born in 1985 so probably had those toxic batteries at home as well way back in the days. Also had a mercury fever thermometer when I was very little... Glad things have changed since and we use hopefully safer things today (at least up until people of the future look back at us as we are today... I watch a lot of videos from the 60’s and 70’s and I’m flabbergasted when seeing products they used back then and that we know today are highly toxic)

[@ShoyuRamenBreakingBad]

As a 99’ baby, it horrifies me that the 80s & 90s are now considered “way back in the days”… 😳 Idc what anyone says, we’re still kids!😁

[@flyfaen1]

Cadmium is still widely used in aerospace steel hardware as a substitute for zink electro plating (like bolts, nuts etc.), as it has better compatibility with aluminium alloys. They are looking for a less toxic replacement, but its hard. On coarser stuff (like brackets etc.) Nickel plating is becoming more common, but on close tollerance stuff like threads there is still no good replacement it seems :/

[@vinuthgowda562]

Make video on bromine/fluorine/iodine

[@tzefanyahandrade]

Congratulation for your excellent channel. Please, could you make a video about (Br) Bromium? Maybe that the most toxic on the earth.

[@AxionSmurf]

I hope you never lose your accent. It's really cool.

[@BogdanSilviuAron]

Great videos Thoisoi2! please make video about Zinc

[@blancosal]

Wow, this one was real cool... Could you prepare something about fluorine?

[@hivaidz3250]

Thanks Thoisoi you helped me not commit suicide today because i decided to watch your video and became re-inspired for exploring this world again.

[@matthewday7565]

How much cadmium in plated screws and other fittings, are they hazardous to handle?

[@drcfgonzo4961]

2:16 CdS is quite "safe". (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH) CdS does not require classification and labelling as hazardous according to CLP/GHS as it is insoluble in water and chemically inert.

[@ritzevespa]

Lol I had that same rc car, it had a microphone on the remote control so you could shout at people. Super funny

[@sciencealexisro1208]

Yay new video

[@pughazhenthiranpravin4883]

Thank you

[@DeactivatedCharcoal]

I remember toy stores selling bracelets with shiny metal charms made out of Lead. It was pointed out that Lead is poisonous and some other metal should be used instead. So the Made in China toy factories went back to the drawing board and made the metal charms out of Cadmium instead. (these were recalled as well)

[@ANONYMOUS-sr7cj]

not an accident

[@loldie9506]

Great video

[@mtcemngr5292]

In South India, Cadmium is used for soldering Gold. When soldering is over, the joints are heated at high temperature evaporating Cd leaving behind pure Gold joints/solderings.

[@deadfreightwest5956]

One of the earliest applications of NiCd batteries was in submarines in WW2.

[@millicentduke6652]

From the perspective of a kid, I always loved seeing NiMh on my battery packs. NiCad were powerful, but never energy dense enough to be fun, and they took forever to charge, plus NiCad packs were much more futuristic-looking. ^_^

[@millicentduke6652]

It’s funny to think how much of my life is affected by battery chemistries... Lead acid, lithium ion, lithium metal, lithium iron polymer... soon maybe we’ll see cobalt-free and solid electrolyte batteries revolutionising everything all over again!

[@aaraiz100]

amazing videos vro

[@z987k]

Cadmium is used instead of zinc on aerospace grade bolts for corrosion protection, many reasons it works better than zinc.

[@janronschke7525]

yea Cadmium i waited for this^^!!!

[@srnkp]

Good very informative

[@Paradoxical_heuer]

awesome video

[@JohnLeePettimoreIII]

Don't forget Cadmium Sulfide photodetectors.

[@truejoyproducts5097]

John Lee Pettimore III he mentioned that it used to be used to make LEDs, and any LED can be used as a photovoltaic diode, and therefor as a photodetector. I believe we are supposed to extrapolate that ourselves.

[@InssiAjaton]

In cameras...

[@toddgordon8024]

Such a cool metal!

[@InssiAjaton]

With less toxicity, the Ni - MH batteries sacrifice longevity (number of charge/discharge cycles). Also, the charging process is more complicated. Equipment with built-in chargers don’t allow a change of battery type. Another battery abandoned due to toxicity concerns was the mercury battery. With its demise, out went the marvelous constant voltage useful for camera exposure meters and other instruments. After that, you have to use a higher voltage source and a semiconductor voltage regulator - if they fit in the available space.

[@Cadmiummusic]

Wow Im dangerous.. dropping those sick beats!

[@yeastinchampagne440]

Nice video....

[@douro20]

Nickel-cadmium batteries still have their applications. Their combination of very high current capacity and high degree of intrinsic safety compared to lithium-ion batteries makes them invaluable for use as turbine starter batteries. Since wet NiCd batteries are nearly indefinitely renewable they are still used in large-scale UPS systems. In older power tools designed for nickel battery chemistry they are still favored over NiMH due to the ability to rapidly source very high amounts of current.

[@imeakdo7]

4:46 you forgot to say that cadmium is currently being replaced by other elements when making nanoparticles. just search for cadmium free nanoparticles or quantum dots or qled displays

[@JacobEllinger]

today I picked a favorite element. Cadmium for sure!

[@phamlevinh821]

Could you make a video about Thorium please

[@ralbiruni]

je croyais que la production se serait effondrée; mais vous m'apprenez que les besoins électroniques ont contribué à en augmenter encore la production!

[@jonnygamernr1]

In your video "Grow Purple Single Crystals of Salt at Home! DIY Home Decorations!" Question, is thise dangerous in any way? And the first Cristals the breder cristals are they considers dangerous wast or can one simply throw them in the trash when I'm done. And can I simply poor out the liquid used to grow the cristal in the sink? Thanks in advance.

[@medexamtoolsdotcom]

You failed to mention the more recent use for cadmium sulfide, because it is a natural photosensitive semiconductor. It is used in electric eyes and motion detectors, it is the yellow in photoresistive detectors.

[@lettermanstud]

It also is a finish for military connectors

[@user-fk5fh5dr2x]

هل هناك المزيد من القنوات المهتمه بالكيمياء اللاعضوية

[@ProHasanZone]

Please make a video about graphene or carbyne

[@a.s.mrabbane8478]

Thanks

[@andredearaujorodrigues7725]

Chemical is amazing!

[@karreidas366]

In my studies of japonology, I was taught the existence of the itai-itai disease, that was caused by cadmium pollution

[@mikeg4972]

Cadmium Sulfide is used to make photo resistors.

[@beherith2874]

I used it just last week when i made an alloy with it :D also 4th yay

[@roadtonever]

Love me some ace-id reactions

[@jaysinhdabhi8895]

350th view always loved your videos ❤️

[@yuwish6320]

Fun Fact: US Army used to use NiCd batteries in the UH-60 Blackhawk. They have since been replaced with something better.

[@andrewbatts7678]

He's talks likes ones of the band members of dethkloks ons thes Adult Swim's cartoons Metalocalypse s

[@hmmmmm9851]

Can you make a video of ELEMENT 118??

[@chloewinkworthartist]

my favourit yellow oil paint

[@Indium111]

I have worked with this metal for twenty years!

[@MrTangent]

0:44 Joplin, Missouri!

[@charupandya5262]

Please make video on bromine

[@LAMiS1605]

WOOOOOOOW!!!

[@Myself-yh9rr]

It is amazing how toxic some pigments and paints are. Victorian homes had arsenic as green.

[@ahanafadib8551]

Btw what is the name of the song?

[@papapetrick6545]

Hey slav friend

[@TheFerociousWolf]

nice cat

[@sbcinema]

About 90% of all battery screwdrivers / battery-powered tools sold today still use NiCd batteries

[@ashishgupta7187]

Nice

[@dsan299]

I love you Brother!

[@leonreynolds77]

They still make NiCd batteries for solar lights.

[@zelf0moord0eend]

Dont forget they used it for soldermetal. They mix it with gold and silver!

[@spicklesandwich]

I'm a little curious about the grammar of "Such a _x_ as _y_". That's not really an english way of expressing things. Maybe just not common. Where does that come from? I'm trying to think of the english equivalent... Would you just say something like "the material, cadmium"? Like are we talking the relationship between types and specific examples of things?

[@francisgeorge7639]

Hello ehweewon.

[@queasycarboy508]

I may be the only one to prefer NiCd batteries over NiMH but hear me out. The fact that they can operate at a wide range of temperatures, in addition to them having 2000 charge cycles instead of 500, are very underrated. I still am yet to find a reason why NiMH are thriving, expecially when there's NiZn.

[@StevenSchoolAlchemy]

cool