Can a Steel Cutting Laser Cook a Perfect Burger?!

[@Gustavestavez]

Other people say: "Don't try this at home." Tech ingredients say: "If you want to try this at home, be careful."

[@n900video]

Yeah, it's noteworthy how they always seem to treat their viewers like adults. Instead of a dismissive statement like "don't try this at home", they provide a lengthy explanation of what to be aware of should someone actually try this at home. 🙂

[@djdrack4681]

I always have a fire extinguisher next to the workbench...Sure it may be converted to be a flame 'thrower', but the outside still has a 'fire extinguisher' label on it. What better way to fight a fire; then with more fire? ;P

[@thorjohnson5237]

But even better -- "when you try this at home, *use this safety gear and here's why*" I'm seeing a bunch of tablesaw videos finally getting around to that...

[@thiesenf]

"Don't try this at home... do it at somebody elses home instead"... :-)

[@MicroMyco]

Unfortunately, "Don't try this at home" is the most effective disclaimer to absolve liability in our litigious society.

[@bartoszskowronski]

I would add some red laser pointers next to power laser beam as a warning cage. that would be more visible in the smoke.

[@TechIngredients]

Good idea.

[@Taliesin6]

@@TechIngredients next video: "we built a 10 megawatt red laser pointer"

[@Palmit_]

If you're going to go with that @@TechIngredients make sure no cats are nearby.. the smell or burnt fur is bound to be unpleasant

[@edisontrent618]

@@Taliesin6 Crossover with StyroPyro when?

[@ronarant2897]

The red laser pointer is a good idea. Medical Lasers do the same thing. However it adds some complexity to the opticals. You have to combine the two beams and make sure they are aligned. Other the Red laser pointing one place the other one somewhere else, NOT Good! Ron

[@curiosity_saved_the_cat]

I love this arms race with Styropyro. Obviously a collaboration would be even better. Can't wait for the next video.

[@TechIngredients]

He'll go prime rib, then I'll go Wagyu... I know what you mean. He's a sharp dude with a PhD. despite his low-key approach. It would be a blast.

[@benmcreynolds8581]

​@@TechIngredientsa collaboration between you guys would be the greatest thing in the DIY science community. The both of you are insanely talented and creative at what you do. (this video gave me Retro-Futurism type ideas. My imagination was seeing atomic era style commercials for portable camping laser cookers. Comes with a full safety kit, cooking kit and portable power kit. Lol) I'd love to see something like that even if it's not serious.

[@jafinch78]

I was thinking Styropyro needs a dampener hanging in the center of the hunting stand as well as maybe guy wires to better stabilize and stiffen cost effectively. Tech Ingredients leaves me unremarkable.

[@TBButtSmoothy]

He's young, still dabbling around and having fun. He probably working on serious stuff behind the scenes tho.@@TechIngredients

[@amadensor]

​@@TechIngredientscome to Open Sauce and do a thing!

[@MegaScienceguru]

Long time viewer here I just want to say really quick that I appreciate how thorough this channel is about every aspect of a topic I know its probably a lot of extra work but it doesn't go unnoticed.. Thank you so much Sincerely random viewer

[@TechIngredients]

Appreciate that!

[@CrunchyMush]

"You almost always know when you've had a laser burger because of the footprint" - Finally an easy way to differentiate between a burger and a laser burger.

[@lachuck2476]

This is so incredibly groundbreaking. I worked as a technician with metal 3D printing machines and even some the engineers at our company didn't understand how the laser melting process works.

[@ChunkyMonkaayyy]

This guy is like Mr wizard times 10,000. He’s soo good at explaining things that I feel smart even though I’m absolutely not.

[@ZoonCrypticon]

@41:00 Somehow I get reminded of Bob Ross painting lessons.- "Tiny little strokes...I just want to create a misty impression...there you go...all the little light reflections..."

[@VividSolutions]

@51:54 you mention the switch is based on a Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) but it’s NOT. To clarify and avoid confusion SCRs are used to switch AC, not DC. The device you’re using is based on a MOSFET. I am not criticising or taking anything away from your superb content, which is absolutely top class. I only mention in case others really are building this stuff themselves 😂

[@goamarty]

I had the same thought and looked up the datasheet. Of course MOSFET😊😎

[@Division1Memes]

"we're going to need all of them, stay tuned" Next video: "we built a functional Death Star"

[@TinchoX]

My thoughts exactly 😂

[@AM-ui9mc]

“Bonus: it can also be used to cut salad”

[@InsideOfMyOwnMind]

@@AM-ui9mc Or start a campfire. "Let's go camping and be all low tech."

[@frydemwingz]

I hate the fact that nobody can have a conversation about lasers without blurting out something about star wars. it's embarrassing.

[@Division1Memes]

@@frydemwingz weird thing to spend your time hating, but okay

[@HomeMadeBoards]

As someone that didn't have a dad growing up, please cherish this man, he is everything a successful son wants and needs 👍

[@pauldwalker]

i’m going to continue living vicariously through your builds while i stay at home and amuse myself with my 3 milliwatt laser pointer. a man has got to know his limitations.

[@josephpadula2283]

Limitations ? I feel lucky today , punk….

[@BEdmonson85]

Amen, brother! Even if I could afford this sort of equipment to experiment with, I know I'd probably do something dumb and injure myself lol.

[@kstricl]

laser pointers carry their own dangers. For example, with an 8 lb kitten and a friend pointing between a dudes legs...

[@diablominero]

It was great how the laser made the oil fluoresce.

[@Clyde__Frog]

I love how he is explaining the process like everyone has a 300w laser at home hahaha. Brilliant stuff!

[@MarkkuS]

Good thing he after shows how to build one 😂

[@Deveyus]

Yeah, we don't have that. Yet. YET.

[@kellymoses8566]

If 300w lasers were as common as microwaves so many people would be blind.

[@DuncanC82]

"They don't sponsor us. I just like it." Fuck, I love this channel. This channel is what KZbin should have been.

[@lexinexi-hj7zo]

WOULD have been if the advertisers didnt treat youtubes audience like a bunch of five your olds in bible study.

[@misterhat5823]

@@lexinexi-hj7zoSeeing as how many shills there are on YT, it must be working.

[@hotforrobot]

'We're going to need all of them' Best line of the vid 😂 Can't wait to learn about all this awesomeness

[@rockspoon6528]

For those interested, better cuts on thicker steel are made by using high-pressure (usually 70+PSI) oxygen alongside the laser.

[@VEC7ORlt]

Its nitrogen for stainless and co2 + nitrogen combo for ordinary steel, at least this is what my local shop feeds their Trumpf.

[@vercingetorige400]

@@VEC7ORlt what's the point for the use of oxygen? i get the point for nitrogen to prevent oxidation but it doesn't make sense the other way

[@VEC7ORlt]

@@vercingetorige400 burning away.

[@rockspoon6528]

@@VEC7ORlt Interesting. I've cut some steel with oxygen, never used an inert/noble gas mixture for it before. Usually the cutters i'm familiar with are doing precious metals, though (that's where custom silver and gold plate jewelry tends to come from).

[@SilmarilS79]

@@VEC7ORlt Steel is cut with N2 or O2, depending on the machine and thickness... Never saw Co2 used on two different brand/technology of lasers.

[@r3mpuh]

Let him cook! 👏🏻

[@jackmclane1826]

This is how the grill marks on the cheap deep frozen burger patties is made. Laser charring while deep frozen, in flight off one conveyor to the next.

[@amanawolf9166]

I, I... want to argue against this so, SO badly, but know it's true or will be true in the next four to five years or less.

[@dennissorensen8765]

WTHeck? I had never imagined that. 🙈🥴

[@olsim1730]

It's actually dye.

[@Darwinpasta]

When I was in high school, I was pretty sure the grill lines on the "teriyaki dippers" were drawn on with a Sharpie.

[@bubaks2]

Lol the replies are hilarious

[@77Sicily]

Tech ingredients finally talks about my area of expertise (beef/ground beef/foodborne illness) and comes through with 100% accurate information in an area that is a minefield of folktales and bro science.

[@joshuamiller8235]

except he says he leaves the burger on the counter to get to room temp before cooking. big no no in the industry. at home its fine. but against health code for restaurants for good reason. Source: Am food safe certified

[@ChevronDiscount]

Did you catch the part where he flicked table mayonnaise back into the jar? Lol, still love this channel

[@steveskouson9620]

When he said that he only cooks ground beef memium-rare, if he grinds the meat himself. THAT is when I knew he knew! Just wish I had a name for him. Even a made-up name. "Mister Tech, you are doing just fine!" steve

[@WilliamDye-willdye]

Mistakes are inevitable in a kitchen environment, so the goggles on/off steps must be eliminated completely. Isolate the lasers in a cooking box that is only viewed through filtered cameras inside the box. For rapid development, consider augmented reality headsets with filters on the camera lenses.

[@sallesekulic]

Bigest FLEX ever ..... you guys are just the best there is :)

[@MadJustin7]

I love this channel. You guys do the coolest experiments.

[@AM-ui9mc]

I’m I the only one nervous when he move around his hands arms near the frying pan? It’s basically a silent invisible bandsaw hanging in mid air

[@phoenix-rising-86]

Closer to a sandblaster if you really think about it. ✌

[@The123eh]

I was concerned about those reflective tools he used

[@rdizzy1]

Not really as bad as a bandsaw when it is like this, it will just burn a small group of holes your skin, through the gloves or clothes. Not worse than a tattoo really, or something like a small brand. (As you can tell by the speed the bun is toasting)

[@AM-ui9mc]

@@rdizzy1 well, youre right about near the pan, but the focal point is still between the pan and the lens. He just carved metal with that thing. You think water in the skin is sufficient to stop it from going deeper? The sandblaster analogy seems reasonable, so yeah maybe not as bad as a saw.

[@orterves]

If it was anyone else I'd be worried, but he's extremely competent and safety conscious

[@Oddness]

I swear, every time those goggles started to fall down your face a little bit, or you turned your head with them hanging low on your nose, I was thinking - 'Didn't he just say that, without the goggles, he'd never see anything ever again?'

[@benmcreynolds8581]

I was thinking the same thing

[@MetallicReg]

Usually you would use an elastic headband. He just likes to live on the edge.

[@BlokeOzzie]

It was giving me genuine anxiety watching that happen.

[@wello987]

Awesome work, I continue to appreciate the content you put out. Especially safety. It's well rounded and easily digestible. I look forward to future videos. I'm not gonna talk about lemons.

[@MauroTamm]

Closed container with rotary table - a laser oven.

[@abemore]

Exactly. Retrofit a microwave oven to cook with lasers and not blind you.

[@slurker3788]

@@abemore combine a tanning bed with a panini press and sell franchises

[@kentp.2309]

I love these videos. You guys make solid content. Very digestible and entertaining while being instructive and educational.

[@o-o_pingu]

We NEED that Styropyro collab! :) Great Video, i love that you are messing around with the systems you build. Grilling a burger while explaining laser systems... thats what i call entertainment! Keep it up! :D

[@TechIngredients]

Thanks!

[@arnomaas6452]

The best tech / science videos with the best narration as always !

[@kesselrunheroj8497]

A born teacher- transitions seamlessly between teaching about lasers and teaching how to cook a burger! lol

[@friskydingo5370]

One of the best science Channel on KZbin it is so hard to find good science on KZbin you deserve a Nobel 😊

[@TechIngredients]

Thanks! I'd vote for that.

[@Les__Mack]

I appreciate the time and work you put into your videos. Thank you. 🙂

[@SeanBZA]

The surface block is also possible using a granite tile, I got some cheap odd bin tiles off a tile place, genuine granite, not composite countertop, that I selected using a light to select the 2 that had minimal waves in the light. Works well using this. Yes the thin layer of thermal compound is good.

[@brandonstews238]

Nothing better than Sunday morning breakfast with a freshly dropped tech ingredients!

[@SteveKolberg]

If there wasn't aluminum involved I would suggest trying it with "Thermal Grizzly - Conductonaut" . It's a liquid metal "thermal compound" with nearly 80W/m2K

[@teresashinkansen9402]

I wonder if food tastes in a particular way when cooked with blue light due photo chemical reactions. Ive noticed that very intense blue light when directed at surfaces with organic materials produce a particular smell, similar to the smell of putting a washed towel in the sun, so that makes me think food might have a barely perceptible but highly particular taste when cooked like that, specially due the chlorophyll in the olive oil because it is a relatively good singlet oxygen producer.

[@TechIngredients]

Did you see the oil fluorescing under the laser light? You may be right.

[@teresashinkansen9402]

@@TechIngredients Yeah, when I saw olive oil was the choice (excellent by the way) I was actually expecting a significantly brighter fluorescence considering how powerful the laser is but still was nice to see it.

[@ultimape]

Hypothetically we could test this by comparing it to an infrared laser?

[@CrazyRFGuy]

Lovely video. When lapping the water block its good to use a blue marker on the surface. Lets you see the the highs and lows easier.

[@TechIngredients]

Thanks. I used to do that, but the scratches are so easy to see. It turned out to be unnecessary.

[@skippersdad7860]

He's got to be one of the coolest guys you could ever know. Imagine being his neighbor.

[@JD2jr.]

4 am: why's the sun out already and how is it blue? Oh, that's just Tech Ingredients, he must have the munchies...

[@ripdimebag42]

He'd be a pretty noisy neighbor though lol

[@BEdmonson85]

I love the illuminating effect of the steam/smoke from the burger cooking. Really gives you a good visual of the focusing and defocusing effect of the lens. I'm glad you only got your hand into the defocused portion of the beam; that coulda been really bad.

[@user-qi9be4lv7l]

You have such intriguing videos, love your channel!

[@HAL_NOVEMILA]

This is my favourite channel on YT, you always make incredibly interesting content! :-)

[@MR_R.o.b.o.t.o]

Sous vide the meat, laser char the outside to perfection please. First to order the perfect burger. You can cook, kill ,burn with a old Flat panel t.v. screen too. It's very powerful. It can cut rock

[@SnprOne253]

this guy is Mr. Rodgers, Bob Ross, and Bill Nye the Science Guy wrapped into one.

[@admkbldwn]

"We're going to be kicking _everything_ up _a couple_ of notches" Alderaan is on notice

[@kentworch]

Thank you for another awesome and very interesting video. I don't see myself messing with high power LASERs anytime soon, but definitely very cool to see. They have many practical uses as well. Anyway love your videos and how in depth they go. Thank you for everything you do.

[@wolpumba4099]

If the metal sheet deforms and reflects the beam towards your goggles, how long can the goggles withstand the power?

[@TechIngredients]

We'll be testing that.

[@coreycreehan8197]

another great video! Excited to see you guys working with lasers again. I actually just got a new job working with lasers I start my training tomorrow morning

[@TechIngredients]

Great! Good luck and learn as much as you can.

[@ParshvaPatel-ib9lm]

Can we have some videos on rotation detonation engine its an interesting topic .🎉

[@EricRabbit]

Here's an idea: Make a handheld version of the laser and put it into a sandblasting cabinet. Replace the glass with laser safety windows and add interlocks and ventilation. Boom, a safe laser cooking chamber with no PPE to wear.

[@icaleinns6233]

I LOVE it when he says "We're gonna kick it up a couple of notches." 😂

[@ImeanFFS]

This is definitely how Elzar would cook. BAM!

[@TheMoistpotato]

Looking forward to your "big build" I have personally played with this lasers in the past, and they are truly represent an awesome power to price to package ratio. Its unfortunate that over the past few years the price of them has more then doubled, but they are still a awe of engineering, especially considering how laser power has evolved from what i can remember them to be back in the 90's with just mw of output.

[@cryptolioicecreamoranges6974]

12:57 If you didn't have the goggles on.... Then you'd never see anything else ever again.... lmao!

[@hoofheartedicemelted296]

Once again you never fail to surprise the viewer. Keep up the good work sir. Applied science indeed : )

[@rockspoon6528]

I work with these systems on a daily basis, and it amazes me how many people feel that they don't need glasses just because it's a infrared and they can't see it. I've seen jewelers staring directly into a 3,000 W laser beam... no laser goggles.

[@TechIngredients]

Have you seen some of those sketchy rust removal demos where the operator is wearing sandals and no eyewear? Jewelers using 3,000 watts!?

[@rockspoon6528]

@@TechIngredients Yeah, those videos can give second-hand OSHA violations. Yeah, gold and silver cutting stations sometimes have 3 kW fiber engines in them. Silver in particular is very reflective and needs a lot of peak power to get started, although once it melts it's more absorptive.

[@SilmarilS79]

Infrared CO2 laser are less dangerous. You will have time to blink. But it will damage your cornea (which can be changed) Fiber lasers use a different wavelength and are more dangerous. But most infrared lasers are blocked by polycarbonate like simple security googles. And cutting lasers have super small focus points and outside of their target, the light is not super powerful. It's not like the optics of a laser pointer that can shoot a laser at 1-2km.

[@rockspoon6528]

@@SilmarilS79 If you stare directly at a focused spot of infrared it will damage your eye. Also, maybe I should clarify- I work with yttrium fiber and ND:YAG lasers (1070nm and 1064nm), which are very much not eye-safe. People treat them like they are, though, because it's not visible.

[@wolpumba4099]

*Chapter Titles* *I. Introduction and Background* - 0:00 Introduction to High-Powered Laser and Previous Work *II. High-Powered Laser Demonstrations* - 1:15 Laser Machining Demonstrations - 5:44 Defocusing Laser for a Broader Impact - 6:17 Demonstration of Laser's Intensity and Protective Measures *III. Cooking Applications* - 7:40 Cooking with High-Powered Laser - 10:59 Efficiency and Cooking Duration - 12:10 Preparing to Serve the Laser-Cooked Burger - 14:26 Finishing the Burger with Laser-Heated Toppings - 15:40 Final Steps and Serving the Burger - 17:27 Tasting the Laser-Cooked Burger *IV. Considerations for Practical Use* - 17:50 Considerations for Domestic and Commercial Laser Cooking *V. Technical Deep Dive: Laser Assembly and Setup* - 18:47 Breakdown and Explanation of Laser Assembly - 26:24 Acquiring Laser Modules - 26:51 Module Setup and Structure *VI. Cooling and Optics* - 28:23 Cooling System - 29:24 Optics and Lens Assembly - 31:24 Ensuring Laser Diodes Stay Cool *VII. Optimizing Performance* - 32:29 Surface Preparation for Thermal Conduction - 38:13 Applying Thermal Compounds *VIII. Laser Safety and Maintenance* - 42:50 Laser Safety Tips *IX. Electrical Configuration* - 46:22 Electrical System for Laser Modules - 48:22 Understanding the Electrical Circuit Setup - 49:03 Addressing the Challenge of High Voltage *X. Power Management* - 50:25 Power Supply and Safety Features - 51:31 Switching Mechanism for Laser Operation *XI. Cost Considerations and Future Directions* - 53:22 Cost-Saving Alternatives and Future Plans *XII. Closing Remarks* - 54:00 Call to Action and Conclusion *Summary* *Introduction to High-Powered Laser and Previous Work* - 00:01 Introduction to the previous video featuring a high-powered laser mounted on an AI-controlled gimbal. - 00:07 Demonstrated destruction of moving targets in the previous video. - 00:18 Promise to show more applications of high-powered lasers and a breakdown of the construction. *Laser Machining Demonstrations* - 01:15 Focusing the laser beam for machining and cutting. - 01:34 Safety check for protective goggles before the laser is used. - 01:39 Cutting a 1/4 mm stainless steel polished sheet with the laser at 65% power or 350 Watts. - 02:03 Laser cuts through stainless steel effectively but with excessive melting at the used speed. - 02:27 Cutting half millimeter stainless steel sheet smoothly, indicating a good match between laser power and material thickness. - 03:17 Ability to cut very thick sheets if the laser is moved slowly across the material. - 03:31 Laser beam drilling a hole into a high-temperature firebrick even beyond its focus due to intense power. *Technical Aspects of the High-Powered Laser* - 03:51 Description of using a converging lens to focus laser beams. - 04:05 Use of a 75 mm diameter by 250 mm focal length spherical lens (f/3.3) to achieve high power concentration. - 04:31 Laser spot of 1.2 mm diameter at 350 Watts equates to over 30 kW per square cm. - 04:39 Possibility of reducing spot size and increasing intensity by changing the lens. - 05:03 Challenges with Optical aberrations when using lenses with low F-number and the solution of aspherical lenses. - 05:22 Price difference between spherical and aspherical lenses discussed. *Defocusing Laser for a Broader Impact* - 05:44 Intentional defocusing of the laser beam for different applications. - 05:57 Adjustment of the laser assembly to defocus the beam over a larger area. *Demonstration of Laser's Intensity and Protective Measures* - 06:17 Visual appearance of the laser beam on camera explained due to its intense power and safety measures. - 07:05 Removal of camera filter to demonstrate the room illuminated by intense blue laser light. *Cooking with High-Powered Laser* - 07:40 Advantages of cooking with a laser, such as preheating the cooking surface while preparing food. - 08:01 Rapid heating of a cast iron skillet to around 200 to 220°C using the laser. - 08:40 Adding oil to the skillet before placing a burger to cook. - 09:13 Use of tools to avoid hand exposure to the laser beam. - 09:57 Cautionary note on safety, as the laser is invisible with goggles on. - 10:09 The arrangement of individual laser diodes explained and how it affects the appearance of the beam. *Efficiency and Cooking Duration* - 10:59 Energy transfer from laser to food and subsequent heating of the pan. - 11:20 Discussion on cooking burgers to the desired doneness, considering safety with store-bought patties. - 11:38 Preparing the burger with seasoning and allowing flavors to concentrate. *Preparing to Serve the Laser-Cooked Burger* - 12:10 Use of fan to prevent grease and smoke from affecting the laser. - 12:47 Fascination with the cooking method's visual appearance. - 13:50 Difference between opaque goggles and alignment goggles used during laser operations. *Finishing the Burger with Laser-Heated Toppings* - 14:26 Melting cheese on the burger using the laser. - 14:55 Toasting the bread bun and discussion about the speed of toasting due to thermal properties of bread. *Final Steps and Serving the Burger* - 15:40 Assembling the burger with mayonnaise, mustard, and hot peppers. - 16:22 Final toast of the bun top and noticing the unique footprint left by the laser. *Tasting the Laser-Cooked Burger* - 17:27 Taste test and approval of the laser-cooked burger. *Considerations for Domestic and Commercial Laser Cooking* - 17:50 Potential considerations for incorporating laser cooking at home or in a commercial setting. - 18:27 Cleaning and preparing to break down the laser for further explanation.

[@wolpumba4099]

*Breakdown and Explanation of Laser Assembly* - 18:47 Clarification that the laser used is an assembly of commercially available laser diodes. - 19:02 Details on the 5 1/2 watt blue laser diode technology and Nobel Prize-winning background. - 19:21 Application in LEDs and laser projectors using the indium gallium nitride semiconductor. - 20:01 Usage in multi-diode modules for high-end video projectors. - 20:50 Explanation of cooling methods for the diodes in projectors. *Technical Specifications and Efficiency of the Laser Diodes* - 21:01 Efficiency gains of laser diodes when temperature is reduced. - 21:44 Demonstrated robustness of laser diodes even when driven beyond their nominal output. - 23:14 Technical description of the laser modules, power supply, and testing for robustness. - 25:17 Confirmation of the modules' ability to produce nearly 800 watts of visible laser output with sufficient power supply. *Acquiring Laser Modules* - 26:24: Individual laser modules can be found on eBay or AliExpress for about $300 to $350 each. - 26:30: Purchasing directly from a supplier in China in large quantities can reduce costs significantly. *Module Setup and Structure* - 26:51: Modules have an aluminum frame that could potentially be 3D printed. - 27:12: Non-structural, doesn't need high precision. - 27:18: XY actuators (Thor laabs KE KSS series, ~$40 each) are used for tipping the module face for alignment. *Cooling System* - 28:23: Uses feed line with soft silicone tubing and right angle polyethylene fittings for cooling. - 28:48: Fluid goes in one module and out to its neighbor, reducing eight ports to a feed and a return line. *Optics and Lens Assembly* - 29:24: Discusses the use of aluminum discs machined to fit commercial optics and avoid overheating. - 29:31: Aluminum supports the optic with a ridge in the disc to hold it parallel. - 30:20: RTV is used to adhere the optics, allowing for easy replacement if necessary. *Ensuring Laser Diodes Stay Cool* - 31:24: Keeping diodes cool is essential for optimal performance. - 31:39: Reducing thermal resistance is as important as maintaining low temperatures on the cold side. *Surface Preparation for Thermal Conduction* - 32:29: Explains the issues with surface flatness and contact points using visual aids. - 34:41: Describes a process of flattening and smoothing surfaces using a mirror and sandpaper. *Applying Thermal Compounds* - 38:13: The main goal is to eliminate air between surfaces, not the specific thermal compound used. - 39:04: Demonstrates the best way to spread and remove excess thermal compound with a credit card. *Laser Safety Tips* - 42:50: Emphasizes the importance of laser safety and using proper eyewear, especially with high-power lasers. - 43:17: Discusses features of different laser goggles and their optical density (OD) ratings. - 43:46: Recommends reputable brands for laser safety equipment. *Electrical System for Laser Modules* - 46:22: Laser diodes have a property called negative resistance, complicating their electrical drive system. - 46:59: Explains the concept of running diodes in series to ensure uniform current distribution. - 47:19: Shows the simple wiring setup for the modules, ensuring proper polarity across the diodes. *Understanding the Electrical Circuit Setup* - 48:22 The red anode side is connected through the module and bridges to the next one, looping through four rows of diodes. - 48:43 The looping continues until it reaches the cathode end of the last pair of diodes, entering the next module. - 48:56 This process repeats until it reaches the absolute cathode of the whole system, with everything connected in series. *Addressing the Challenge of High Voltage* - 49:03 The challenge is the lethal power created by the 80 diodes wired in series, with over 300 volts at 34.5 amps. - 49:21 Insulating tabs between the actuators and modules provide electrical insulation for safety. - 49:43 Cooling uses fresh deionized water, which is an insulator and does not conduct electricity. - 50:01 Insulation and deionized water isolate the module from the surrounding environment. *Power Supply and Safety Features* - 50:25 The power for the system comes from a benchtop power supply by Voltec, known for reliability and custom high-power versions. - 50:59 The unit is voltage and current-limited, and the laser is turned on and off without using the control panel or shutting down the power supply. *Switching Mechanism for Laser Operation* - 51:31 The optimal running parameters are set on the power supply, and a switch from Crydom controls the laser's power. - 51:42 Crydom switches are based on a silicon-controlled rectifier and are adjustable for various capacities. - 51:54 The switches are activated by a 3 to 30 volt DC potential across trigger leads. - 52:07 The switches cost around $100 each and are available on Digi-Key. - 52:25 A remote box with an arming switch and multimode switch provides the low DC voltage to control the Crydom switch. - 52:45 The multimode switch toggles between off, permanently on, and momentary, controlling a 9V battery. - 53:04 The system can also be switched by a 5V TTL switch from a computer for remote operation. *Cost-Saving Alternatives and Future Plans* - 53:22 To save money, it's possible to eliminate the chiller and use computer water cooling radiators to keep the water cool. - 53:47 In the next video, the project will be expanded significantly, hinting at an upcoming major development. *Call to Action and Conclusion* - 54:00 Viewers are encouraged to subscribe and keep up with the channel's updates. - 54:07 The channel is approaching one million subscribers and requests support to reach the milestone. - 54:13 Reminder to check subscription status due to KZbin's history of unsubscribing users. - 54:30 Safety notice to order protective eyewear when ordering diodes and a teaser for the next video's content. Disclaimer: I used gpt4-1106 to summarize the video transcript. This method may make mistakes in recognizing words and it can't distinguish between speakers. The prompts to summarize 3 segments of the transcript are: Summarize the following video transcript as a bullet list. Prepend each bullet point with starting timestamp. Don't show the ending timestamp. Also split the summary into sections and create section titles (a section title should convey the content and may not include a number). A title like "Finalizing and Testing the App" shall be written like so: *Finalizing and Testing the App*. A bullet shall be written like so: - 01:32 text of bullet. Note that the timestamp is just at the beginning and not fat. ... Then I created chapter titles with this prompt (gpt-3 suffices): Create chapter list from the following summary. It will look like: - 0:00 Introduction to High-Powered Laser and Previous Work - 1:15 Laser Machining Demonstrations - 3:51 Technical Aspects of the High-Powered Laser Here is the summary: ... Finally I created second level headers: Given the following summary: ``` ... ``` Create a second (higher) level of chapter titles to structure the following list better: - 0:00 Introduction to High-Powered Laser and Previous Work - 1:15 Laser Machining Demonstrations ...

[@stawmy]

This is fun! I have an old Lasertech L200 industrial engraving laser, 1200nM 200W pulse mode, 100W continuous mode. The pulse mode is much better for cutting metal since the pause between the laser pulses gives the vapourised metal time to expand & get out of the way. A continuous beam is wasting energy by cooking a cloud of metal vapour, rather than heating the actual metal beneath it. Cambridge discovered this when they were building CO2 lasers that could blast through concrete. That was 40 years ago! But i never thought of de-focussing one to cook burgers. You are by far the coolest science channel on YT😁

[@TechIngredients]

Thanks!

[@yngndrw.]

For your SSR / arming circuit, you may want to consider using a safety relay. These are used in industry to manage emergency stop circuits and redundant - But more than that, they are self-testing. They use a pair of relays with force-guided contacts, which means that the contacts within that relay are forced to move together. These relays usually have normally open contacts for the device to be isolated and normally closed contacts for the monitoring / self-test functionality. The normally open contacts are connected in series for redundancy. Usually they are used emergancy stop switches which have two separate contacts, again for redundancy. The clever part is the self-testing - This uses the two normally closed contacts in series as part of the reset circult. The separate reset button / circuit is used because this ensures that both relays are working correctly before allowing the system to be armed, preventing the situation where a single relay has failed closed but is hidden by the second relay. It ensures that you always have two layers of protection. I think that this is important in this application, where you need to be confident that the laser has been turned off before removing your safety glasses.

[@TechIngredients]

Thanks for the suggestion. I'll definitely look into this, especially as we move toward more autonomous computer control over the system.

[@boxcarhobo8315]

We used these same setups for heaters that got up to 1500F. 2 sets of 3 phase mechanical relays with a solid state doing the switching on and off. An ammeter was placed after the solid state, and a tolerance programmed in due to SSRs leaking a small amount continually. If it exceeded the tolerance when the SSR was supposed to be off based off I^2T, then the mechanicals opened up, and on went the alarm

[@FSlockslide]

I'm glad the sane doctor brown decided to ask himself this question

[@drewlarson65]

Tech Ingredients is easily one of the best nerd entertainment/informational channels on the internet. Watching an hour video like this is akin to having the (very detailed and with key examples included) table of contents of a college textbook concisely delivered with refined style: well done guys.

[@tHaH4x0r]

35:30 A note on using mirrors as a flat surface, I believe you should use the backside of the mirror! The front of the mirror is essentially just a sheet of glass. It is 'flowed' in the factory, and thus isnt necessarily perfectly flat. It is the backside, which has the reflective coating, which should be absolutely flat.

[@โนรีคอกเบิร์น]

Think about it.

[@dennissorensen8765]

I simply love the projects you guys do. And the detailed, understandable explanations. And the vibe. You and Robert Murray Smith from Thinking 'n' Tinkering, closely followed by Integza, the plasma channel and Styropyro are my all time favorites. 🤩💪

[@TechIngredients]

Wow, thank you!

[@FishyCanada]

"We're going to need.... all of them... stay tuned" oh boy!

[@benmcreynolds8581]

Yeah, I can't wait to see what that's going to be like!?

[@tzisorey]

He says "the same lasing agent is used in LED modules with phosphorous to create the bright LED lights that are illuminating us right now" What I hear: "A standard LED lightbulb can be trivially modified into a deathray!"

[@TechIngredients]

No. The semiconductor formula is the same, but a laser needs to place this material in a highly reflective optical cavity to create a laser beam.

[@realcygnus]

Prime styropyro collab opportunity !

[@tbix1963]

Thanks for sharing your thoughts, ideas and videos. Great topic, thinking as clumsy and accident prone as I am I will be keeping clear of that one. Just as in welding, I’m perfectly happy to have KZbin filtering the light spectrum and power levels to my screen. 😂 always enjoy your detailed explanations. Not sure if you have ever watched the Illinois power prof channel. He has a great technique for displaying written text on his videos. Not exactly intuitive what he’s doing but it’s certainly affective and impressive. It’s almost hypnotic to watch and hilarious when you eventually figure out how simple it is to do. Wishing you and your family the best.

[@brokens1097]

Burgers... Imagine how quickly talks of border security would disappear if two brilliant KZbinrs colabed on the project?

[@debrainwasher]

For cooking with a blue or violet laser, I would rather consider using food-grade high temperature silicone oil, instead of normal frying oil. First of all, light doesn't have a particular temperature. Everything depends on absorption. Further, oil has a very low thermal conductivity. Overheated oil can turn in to benzene, acrylamides or formaldehyde. In short, not the very healthy stuff. Additionally, many people forget, chemical covalent binding energy can not only be overcome by heat-energy (E=kB·T), but also by blue light (E=h·f), that provides already a couple of eV (Electron-Volts) to the bill. Since all sorts of energy add up, decomposition of oil can already start at low temperatues. Therefore CO₂-Lasers are preferable, due to their much lower photonic energy at the wavelength 10.6µm.

[@lolghurt]

Please stop doing AI art thumbnails

[@haloandrei]

I kind of like it. It's quirky enough and clearly depicts the subject of the video

[@edh615]

no@@haloandrei

[@rileyh4169]

I don't mind it. I'm opinionated

[@willembohrer]

I could maybe see your side of this if they replaced a thumbnail artist, but they didn’t

[@ICryForGames]

It looks fine, if you want to volunteer to make their thumbnails go ahead.

[@rancid11999988]

In regards to safety an SSR is risky. These often fail "closed" (on state) when they fail - and I have seen them fail lots (causing fires, burning out heaters, overspeeding motors etc.). If you would like some ideas to safely and reliably turn off your laser I do this sort of thing for a living. Keep up the good content!

[@edh615]

Ai generated thumbnails suck

[@edh615]

Nice video though

[@TechIngredients]

Thanks!

[@OGPatriot03]

Thumbnails are actually one of the perfect use cases though, random silly things that don't need perfect quality.

[@boriska91m]

every video is just a pure joy! they are entertaining and full of technical information

[@friskydingo5370]

It would be super cool if you guys did an element series. Going through the periodic table doing experiments with each element 😊

[@TechIngredients]

We already did hydrogen and helium, but we will have to stop at #9.😬

[@friskydingo5370]

@TechIngredients yah definitely gonna have to skip a few fluorine is definitely nasty stuff. Maybe an episode on all the Pgm . I can donate some samples if you like. Pt Pd Ir Rh Ru Os. It would be cool to see the different catylitic properties of each one 😀

[@friskydingo5370]

Thank you so much for your prompt responses I think you are the only one on KZbin that reads all comments and replies to them I look forward to your future videos 😄

[@IsaKocoglu]

“Centre” the exciter so that it sits at 60:40, on both x and y axes. That was what Tech Ingredients found to be the best position for them to be placed. Great shorts! I am now considering doing something like this, myself 🥳🙌

[@petea]

It's just amazing how far we've come in "commodity" lasers and optics. That burger looked really good!

[@keithwatkins3216]

my dad showed me this trick when he got his first triumph Bonneville ex police motor bike 500cc came in box of bits, took us months to put it together wish i could find a picture, used to have me clean the the drum brakes with a lollipop stick with autosol every week, best days of my life love the videos

[@byarnneil1916]

You sir deserve 100M subscribers. I wish my neighbors were half as cool as you.

[@spamerspamerenkov6506]

Finally a proper explanation how to put thermal compound properly. Thank you. Hope this video get 10M views so people finally learn 🎉

[@psygonzo7974]

We are finally in an age where we can watch the mad scientist in his lab in 4K and I am fascinated.

[@boxcarhobo8315]

I am glad you spent so much time on laser safety. The scariest lasers I worked with, would blind you in the room they were in if they fired, it didn't matter what direction you were facing. If the shielding was retracted for service, you were to immediately put on the lens cover, even with the power off. I once went in there to work, the shielding was up, another engineer was in there with his goggles on, the lens sensor and shielding bypassed. The firing pendant in his hand. He forgot to hang the sign on the door to the room, or it fell off. Neither mattered. What did matter is I walked into one of many laser rooms, that with the conditions he had it in, if he fired it and it didn't matter if I was looking at one of the nice white reflective walls, I would of been blind from the reflections. This laser specifically burned mirroring back off that was adhered to glass by converting metals into a plasma in a vacuum chamber to get them to bond. He was tuning the focus point for the specific model that was to be ran on that line. It was enough to push for a second sensor separate from the safety and PLC, that would immediately turn on an exterior light to indicate as such. Goggles mean the world here, make sure they are rated properly for the job, the wavelength, and they are comfortable. Having improper safety gear, for the first two reasons is obvious, if something is uncomfortable, you will fidget with it. If you are doing this at the wrong time, you can get a gap in protection, either by the guarding around the eyes no longer making a seal, or a gap in protection as you re-adjust. I like working with them, it's not the scariest tech I have touched, but it is up there. You can protect yourself 100% from it with proper gear and standards. It is just making sure the gear is the proper gear, and those standards are followed completely.

[@luciddream2033]

Not only is he a brilliant engineer, but also a good cook. Impressive Great content.

[@JetpackBattle-lc7ob]

TBH he seems like the guy who could be an expert at anything, but he just follows his interests

[@markbothum4338]

Retired laser engineering technician here. Lasers are especially dangerous due to their coherent nature. Sunlight passing through the lens of your eye is spread into its component wavelengths as if by a prism before striking your retina. Laser light, being a single wavelength, is instead all focused to the same small section of your retina. You may not even feel the effect of a low power laser. But the damage is permanent, and as you continue those dead areas will accumulate. So, he's NOT being a Karen. It's more dangerous than many people realize.

[@TechIngredients]

Thanks. Agreed.

[@ultimape]

Do you happened to know what exactly gets damaged in the eye? I have managed to regenerate some of my vision and I'm curious if it would help with the kind of damage that happens with the laser or sun.

[@TechIngredients]

Yes, it's the retna. The cornea can be burned just like any tissue, but the lens of the eye concentrates the light when it generates the image on the light-sensitive retna. This amplifies the intensity. There are "eyesafe" lasers that are attractive for machine vision and automotive lidar. What makes them eyesafe is that their wavelength will not pass through the cornia.

[@ultimape]

@@TechIngredients I'm not sure if I recovered the retinal / optic nerve or the retina itself. I think I replicated some studies on mice by figuring out how to drive retinal ganglion cell regeneration. It sounds like this basically just a really bad sunburn on the inside of the eye? I think when I fixed was behind that layer, that's a shame.

[@friskydingo5370]

You can totally see the beams diverge in the smoke looks 👌 awesome

[@soulreaver8466]

What about using a laminat stream of water to contain the laser through total internal reflection? Cooling in the cut, and straight cutting through thick pieces. No taper to and from the focal point. Cutting depth would be equal to the length of the laminar stream.

[@TechIngredients]

You can buy commercial systems that do that. They combine a fiber laser with a water jet cutting stream to guide the light and cool the workpiece.

[@proberts34]

An absolutely fascinating project. Thanks for posting this video.

[@NickCombs]

It might be a better form factor as an enclosed toaster. Not only could that create a barrier between the laser and everyone in the room, but it could also contain and duct out the smoke. You just need a way to move the emitter or the pan automatically for even cooking. There's already plenty of solutions for that in microwaves and 3D printers.

[@duncanevenson4621]

And you can toast pictures into your bread

[@sficlassic]

Love the explanation of the set-up. One point you brought up is safety and I agree....Don't cut corners. I found out the hard way and yes my sight is fine. I a bit of welders burn from cheap goggles. On the down side the experiment was a failure.

[@mskellyrlv]

I really liked your c0omentary on laser safety, and thanks for posting it. My first laser was a 0.5 milliwatt Metrologic HeNe job that I used to make holograms, back in the early 1970s. When I was a a grad student at Purdue, back in the late 1970s, we were using a laser Doppler velocimeter to measure some stuff. The laser we had was a 5 watt Spectra Physics argon ion laser. In neither case did I ever wear any kind of eye protection, nor did any of my research colleagues. We used to light cigarettes with the argon laser (everyone smoked back then), and it didn't seem like a big deal. A few years ago, I bought a Chinese "laser pointer" on line, advertised as the most powerful laser one could get, supposedly 5 watts. It's a 450 nm laser, so it was in the same color range as the argon laser I was used to. The first time I turned that puppy on, just to test it, I just casually pointed it at the (white) wall in our family room. I instantly turned it off, my heart pounding. It's the first time I've ever seen a scary laser, and the last time I use one without eye protection.

[@TechIngredients]

Interesting progression, and I agree.

[@trevorwatson8368]

Hi Kris, thanks for an interesting channel - I really enjoy your ingenuity, originality and grit. Great variety and problem solving too. One small suggestion - I think the entertainment value would be greatly enhanced by showing time lapse photography for repetitive tasks. Thanks again 👍

[@mozkitolife5437]

A couple of ideas to add to the convenience and safety: 1. Add a rotisserie style turntable, so it rotates in the XY axis. Possibly even the Z axis. 2. Add four red laser switches in a square pattern around the beam, so that when an object crosses them, it cuts power to the high-powered laser via a relay. With the combination of these two additions, you could just let the patty cook without interference or accidentally switching it off and you could add things like cheese by just crossing the red laser beams and adding it without having the cooking laser on while doing so.

[@godfreypoon5148]

And here I am stuck in 1870, cooking my burgers with an arc lamp.

[@TechIngredients]

Ha!

[@sthenzel]

If you are going to do some more cooking: Mount the laser array in a modified version of your turret mount, so that it tilts maybe 2° in both axis a few times a second, so that the laser beams each sweep over an area and do not stay at one single spot. Should help against the burn patterns on patty and bun.

[@feldamar2]

DO NOT SKIMP ON THE LASER GOGGLES. With a setup like what he is playing with, they are effectively the ONLY layer of defense from losing your eyesight COMPLETELY. Any specular reflection from the metal he cut or even the water on the burger he cooked is STILL bright enough to burn your eye out INSTANTLY. DO NOT SKIMP ON THE LASER GOGGLES. There I said my piece.

[@Groose1972]

Laser Burger sounds like a good name for a restaurant. It would need retro-space-age decor.

[@TechIngredients]

Agreed!

[@skelingtonrick]

if you ever do a followup, I would reccomend doing a reverse seared steak/kabob. cook the meat in a sous-vide immersion cooker and then you just need a brief touch of super intense heat to sear. like 10-15 seconds if you have a really ripping hot heat source, which you def do.

[@wiggenvan]

Seems like if you wanted to get even results, you would need to either spin the laser, spin the cooking surface, or vibrate the lens in some way? Fascinating stuff!

[@TheChillieboo]

another absolutely stunning video! love it!

[@iaxyz]

Didn't knew I needed this video but I couldn't stop watching it.

[@tonys.1946]

I'd be interested in seeing a version of this where the laser is under that pan. Back to a more conventional "heat the pan to heat the food" method. As it is much safer. There could be a induction like safety sensor to remove all safety glass requirements.

[@AradijePresveti]

This is my favorite cooking show