Case No. 1 Conduct between CBD and PDV with Detail Explanation

[@nah200]

Hi. In the video above, you mentioned that when there is risk of collision between a CBD and a power driven vessel, the CBD vessel will take action as per rule 8 f(ll) and power driven vessel will take action as per rule 8 f(lll) , which is incorrect as it is the responsibility of the pdv to not impede the CBD vessel as per rule 8 f(l) but if risk of collision exist, the power driven vessel is still obliged to not impede the passage of a vessel constrained by her draft as per rule 8 f(ll) . and CBD vessel is obliged to take action in case of ROC as per rule 8 f(lll).

[@l-marineservices6749]

Hi, thank you for your queries, this is a very good question which hopefully can clear everybody concept of the situation involving the two vessels, PDV (Power Driven Vessel) and CBD (Constrained by her Draft): 1. Initial Situation: When the PDV and CBD are in sight of each other and there’s no risk of collision (ROC), the PDV must avoid blocking (NOT TO IMPEDE) the CBD's passage. The CBD (Exhibiting Signal in Rule 28 - three all-round red lights in a vertical line or a cylinder). 2. Rules to Follow: o Rule 18(d)(i): In this no-ROC situation, the PDV should ensure it doesn’t impede the CBD. o Rule 8(f)(i): The CBD must take early action to provide enough room for safe passage. However.., when ROC exist, situation changed, then at this point, the rule No. 18.d.(i) is no longer can be implemented, however, the PDV required by Rule 8.f.(ii) is not relieve of her obligation her compliance to ROR 18.d(i) when she failed to give sufficient sea room and resulting ROC 3. If ROC Exists: If a risk of collision exists: o The PDV still needs to follow Rule 18(d)(i) and provide enough sea room. o Both vessels must comply with Rule 15, which governs how vessels should act to avoid collisions when both are power-driven. 4. Roles of the Vessels: o The CBD, classified as a PDV (Rule No. 3(h), shall KEEP OUT OF THE WAY (give way) to the vessel on its starboard side (PDV) and avoid crossing ahead of it. o The PDV, as the stand-on vessel, as required by Rule 17(c)(ii) when taking action to avoid collision in crossing situation with CBD, shall NOT ALTER change course to port when the CBD is on its port side. Instead, it can turn around to starboard to pass safely behind the CBD. This should help clarify the responsibilities of each vessel under different circumstances (with or without ROC). Feel free to ask and comment if you have more questions! Cheers!

[@captandrykapa4411]

We are on power driven vessel following the lane in TSS, on port bow, fissing vessel underway is crossing from port to stbd side. What action should the PDV take in a such situation and as per which rule? Hi Capt 😊.....pls let me know How if we are on CBD Vessel following the lane in TSS and PDV on our stbd bow, intent to cross the lane from stbd to port. What action sould we take in such situation and as per which rule that action?

[@l-marineservices6749]

Hi Capt. Andri, Hi, thanks for the comments. Understood that you have two different cases require an answer. Let me explain the action that your are require to take for the First Case: First Case: You are in PDV following the traffic lane in TSS and you have FV (Fishing Vessel) on your port bow crossing from Port to stbd side of the lane. (Case Rule No. 10.(i)) Define the situation: Condition of the case: - As per Rule No 10.(i) - You are expecting the FV shall not impede your passage (PDV following a traffic lane). - There is no ROC at this moment then there is no stand on vessel (Rule 17) and/or give way vessel (Rule 16). - The approaching FV obligation to take early action give sufficient sea room to you (PDV following traffic lance TSS) Your Action: FIRST ACTION AND RULES TO COMPLY 1. Keep proceed with Safe Speed (Rule No.6) and Maintain a proper lookout (Rule No.5) 2. Monitor the action of the FV if she take any action to give sufficient sea-room for you. (Rule 8.(f).(i)) 3. Determine if ROC Exist (Rule No.7) take a compass bearing and monitor if the bearing of this approaching vessel change or maintaining. 4. If the FV take early action and give your sufficient sea-room, keep proceed and follow the general direction of traffic lane and maintain safe speed FOLLOW UP RULES TO APPLY WHEN ROC EXIST: However, When you notice that the FV did not take early action and ROC involve in this case, then you must act and comply the following rules: 1. As per Rule 8.(f).(iii) - You remain fully obliged to comply with PART B Rules when ROC exist during approaching with FV 2. Rules Part B - Based on the type of vessel involve in this case. You have to company with Rule No. 18.(a) - PDV underway shall keep out of the way of FV 3. Based on Rule 18.(a) - Now you are become Give-way vessel (To comply with Rule 16) - Take early and substantial action to keep well clear, and FV become Stand-on Vessel (To comply Rule 17) YOUR ACTION TO AVOID COLLISION: when taking action to avoid collision, you can comply with the following rules: 1. OPTION A - if the FV passed your bow, and you have sufficient sea-room, you can alter course to port and passing astern of FV by enter the separation Zone (Rule 10.(i) to avoid immediate danger. - But take note: DO NOT enter the other traffic lane. Once you are clear of the FV, you can alter back and follow the traffic lane. When you take this action make sure comply: - Rule 8.(a) - positive, ample time and due regards to the observance of good seamanship - Rule 8.(b) - make sure your action be large enough to be readily apparent by FV - Rule 8.(d) - Make sure your action to result in passing at a safe distance and the effectiveness of your action shall be carefully check until the FV pass and clear 2. OPTION B - when taking action to avoid collision and you find that you don't have sufficient sea room in TSS to passing astern of FV, you can reduce your speed and comply with the following rules: - Rule 8.(e) - Reduce / slacken your speed and let the FV pass crossing ahead and clear - Rule 8.(a) - make sure your action is positive, ample time and due regards to the observance of good seamanship - Rule 8.(d) - Make sure your action to result in passing at a safe distance and the effectiveness of your action shall be carefully check until FV pass and clear - Once the FV clear, your can increase back your speed but keep comply with Rule 6 - Safe Speed and continue to follow the traffic lane.

[@l-marineservices6749]

Hi Capt Andy Kapa, thanks for the comments. Now will explain the action that you are require to take for the second Case: Second Case: You are in CBD Vessel following the traffic lane in TSS and you have PDV on your stbd bow intent to cross your bow from stbd side to ports side of the lane. (Case Rule No. 18.(d)(i) - any vessel other than NUC and RAM shall avoid impeding the safe passage of CBD) Define the situation: Condition of the case: - As per Rule No 18.(d).(i) - You are expecting that the PDV shall not impede your safe passage - Make sure you are exhibiting proper signal for CBD as per Rule 28. - At this moment, there is no ROC then there is no stand on vessel (Rule 17) and/or give way vessel (Rule 16) and this time is not a Crossing Situation - The approaching PDV on your stbd bow having obligation to take early action and give you (CBD) sufficient sea-room. - As per Rule 18.(d).(ii) - You shall navigate with particular caution and give full regard to your special condition that you are severely restricted to deviate from your course. So proceed at safe speed and ensure main engine always ready for manoeuvres Your Action: FIRST ACTION AND RULES TO COMPLY 1. Keep proceed with Safe Speed (Rule No.6) and maintain a proper lookout (Rule No.5) 2. Monitor the action of the PDV if she take any action to give sufficient sea-room for you. (Rule 8.(f).(i)) 3. Determine if ROC Exist (Rule No.7) take a compass bearing and monitor if the bearing of this approaching vessel change or maintaining. 4. If the PDV take early action and give your sufficient sea-room, keep proceed and follow the general direction of traffic lane and maintain safe speed FOLLOW UP RULES TO APPLY WHEN ROC EXIST: However, when you notice that the PDV did not take early action and ROC involve in this case, then you must act and comply the following rules: 1. As per Rule 8.(f).(iii) - You (CBD) remain fully obliged to comply with PART B Rules when ROC exist during approaching with the PDV. 2. Remember, Rule No. 3.(h). Definition / term of CBD means a Power Driven Vessel (PDV) 3. Rules Part B - Based on the type of vessel involve in this case. Two PDV involve and ROC exist, then Rule 15 have to comply with 4. Based on Rule 15 (Crossing Situation), you has PDV on your stbd bow, then you shall keep out of the way of the PDV and avoid crossing ahead of her. - Now you on CBD(PDV) become Give-way vessel (To comply with Rule 16) - Take early and substantial action to keep well clear, and the other PDV become Stand-on Vessel (To comply Rule 17) YOUR ACTION TO AVOID COLLISION: Since you are CBD and you have special condition that you are severely restricted to deviate from your course, when taking action to avoid collision, you can comply with the following rules: - Rule 8.(a) - positive, ample time and due regards to the observance of good seamanship - Rule 8.(e) - You shall slacken your speed or take all way off by stopping or reversing your means of propulsion - Rule 8.(d) - Make sure your action to result in passing at a safe distance and the effectiveness of your action shall be carefully check until the PDV pass and clear - Once the PDV passed and clear, you can increase back your speed but keep comply with Rule 6 - Safe Speed and continue to follow the traffic lane.

[@l-marineservices6749]

Will create another video with detail illustration for this these two cases for more better understanding. Any others question from another viewers regarding ROR, Please write in the comment below. Tks

[@l-marineservices6749]

Open a discussion: QUESTION: What f the CBD is crossing in the TSS from Port side over to the stbd side, Own vessel is PDV, sees her on the port bow, what action should we take in such a situation and as per which rule? ANSWER Case: You are in PDV and CBD Crossing from the TSS from Port to stbd side of the lane. This case is not Rule 15 But this Case is Rule 18.d(i) - You in PDV Shall avoid impeding the safe passage of CBD). Define the situation: CBD on your port bow having intention to cross your bow from port side to stbd side. In this situation there is no ROC, so there is no stand on vessel (Rule 17) and/or give way vessel (Rule 16). It is only YOUR obligation to give sufficient sea room to CBD to pass and clear. Your action: As per Rule 8.(f).(i) take early action to allow sufficient sea room for the safe passage of CBD The following rules you can take as reference when take the above action. (Take note: the following action are taken before ROC Exist and it is your obligation to take early action to prevent ROC exist) 1. While taking action, Keep proceed at safe speed (Rule. 6) 2. OPTION A - if CBD can pass safely your bow, you can alter course to port and passing astern of CBD by enter the separation Zone (Rule 10.(i) - DO NOT enter the other lane. When you take this action make sure comply: - Rule 8.(a) - positive, ample time and due regards to the observance of good seamanship - Rule 8.(b) - make sure your action be large enough to be readily apparent by CBD - Rule 8.(d) - Make sure your action to result in passing at a safe distance and the effectiveness of your action shall be carefully check until CBD pass and clear 3. OPTION B - if you find that you don't have sufficient sea room to in TSS to passing astern of CBD, when taking action to avoid collision, you can comply with the following rules: - Rule 8.(e) - Reduce / slacken your speed and let the CBD pass crossing ahead and clear - Rule 8.(a) - make sure your action is positive, ample time and due regards to the observance of good seamanship - Rule 8.(d) - Make sure your action to result in passing at a safe distance and the effectiveness of your action shall be carefully check until CBD pass and clear - Once CBD clear, your can increase back your speed but keep comply with Rule 6 - Safe Speed

[@PrathamIngle]

But rule no 18 starts with except rule no 9 10 13 otherwise

[@l-marineservices6749]

@prathamingle: Thank you for your inquiries. I'm delighted to discuss the Rules of the Road (ROR) concerning maritime navigation. In the context of Rule 18, it states: "Except where Rules 9, 10, and 13 otherwise require." Let's examine Rule 18 in detail: a. Power-driven vessels (PDV) underway shall keep out of the way: Not under command (NUC); Restricted in ability to maneuver (RAM); Fishing vessels (FV); Sailing vessels (SV). b. Sailing vessels (SV) underway shall keep out of the way: Not under command (NUC); Restricted in ability to maneuver (RAM); Fishing vessels (FV). c. Fishing vessels (FV) underway shall stand clear and avoid impeding: Not under command (NUC); Restricted in ability to maneuver (RAM). d. Any vessels other than Not under command (NUC) and restricted in ability to maneuver (RAM) shall avoid impeding crossing vessels. e. A Seaplane on the water (SPOW) must keep well clear and avoid impeding all vessels. f. Wing-in-ground (WIG) craft must keep well clear of all vessels and avoid impeding. ======================== Rules 9, 10, and 13 outline obligations for vessels navigating with others: Rule 9.b - Vessels less than 20 meters (V

[@PrathamIngle]

@@l-marineservices6749 thank you sir for clearing the doubt. I also have 1 more doubt 1. A PDV is navigating in NC & CBD is crossing from stbd to port. It would be helpful if you explain the action (Who is STAND ON & who is GIVE WAY)

[@l-marineservices6749]

​@@PrathamIngle thank you for the insightful inquiry regarding these rules. Let me begin by thoroughly examining the situation to gain a deeper understanding: Two questions require clarification for better comprehension: 1. Firstly, in the current scenario, the Power Driven Vessel (PDV) is navigating within a Narrow Channel (NC), while the Constrained by Draft (CBD) vessel is crossing the NC from starboard to port. At this stage, no Risk Of Collision (ROC) has arisen. What proactive measures should the PDV take to avoid a collision? 2. Secondly, in this specific case, which vessel should act as the STAND ON vessel, and which vessel should act as the GIVE WAY vessel? Allow me to address the First Question initially: Let's define the situation: As mentioned earlier, it's crucial to consider the rules that impose obligations on vessels navigating alongside others. In this case scenario, particularly in areas designated as Narrow Channels (NC), Rule 9(d) should be taken into account. This rule states that "A vessel shall not cross a narrow channel or fairway if it impedes the passage of another vessel that can only navigate within such channel or fairway." Additionally, there's another relevant rule, Rule 18(d)(i), which states: "Any vessel other than a vessel not under command or a vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid impeding the safe passage of a vessel constrained by her draught, exhibiting the signals in Rule 28." Considering Rule 9(d) and Rule 18(d)(i), which rule should be applied in this case? It's important to recall the introductory statement of Rule 18 (Responsibility between vessels), which stipulates: "Except where Rules 9, 10, and 13 otherwise require." This implies that Rule 9(d) takes precedence in this scenario. CASE RULE: Rule 9(d) states that "A vessel shall not cross a narrow channel or fairway if it impedes the passage of another vessel that can only navigate within such channel or fairway." - As per Rule No 9(d) - You are in PDV which can only navigate in a Narrow Channel (NC), and you are expected that the Constrained by Draft (CBD) vessel intending to cross the NC shall not impede your safe passage. Firstly, before taking an action, ensure compliance with the following rules: - Verify if the approaching CBD is displaying the appropriate signal for a CBD as per Rule 28. - Given the absence of Risk Of Collision (ROC), there is neither a Stand On (Rule 17) nor a Give Way vessel (Rule 16), and it's not a Crossing Situation at this time. - As the CBD approaches on your starboard bow and intends to cross the Narrow Channel (NC), in accordance with Rule 9(d), it has an obligation not to obstruct your passage in the NC. - Per rule 8(f)(i), assess whether the CBD vessel, when required by the circumstances of the case, has taken early action to allow sufficient sea room for the safe passage of your vessel (PDV) in the NC. Your Course of Action: FIRST ACTION AND RULES TO COMPLY (WHEN ROC DOES NOT EXIST) (NO STAND ON, NO GIVE WAY VESSEL): 1. Maintain Safe Speed (Rule No. 6) and uphold proper lookout (Rule No. 5). 2. Monitor whether the CBD has taken early action to ensure adequate sea room for your (PDV)vessel's safe passage in the NC. 3. Assess the presence of ROC (Rule No. 7) by taking a compass bearing and observing whether the approaching vessel's bearing changes or remains consistent. 4. If the CBD has taken early action and provided sufficient sea room (likely indicated by a potential adjustment in speed (increasing or reducing speed) due to its restricted maneuverability): OPTION A: If the CBD accelerates (increasing speed) and can safely clear your bow while crossing the NC, you may pass astern of the CBD, maintaining a course as close to the starboard side outer limit of the NC as safe and practicable. Ensure compliance with the following rules: - Rule 8.(a): Execute actions with positivity, allowing ample time and observing good seamanship. - Rule 8.(b): Ensure actions are sufficiently large to be readily apparent by the CBD. - Rule 8.(d): Guarantee actions result in passing at a safe distance, and monitor their effectiveness until the CBD has passed and cleared. OPTION B: If the CBD reduces speed and allows you to pass before crossing the NC, you may increase your speed and continue to navigate within the Narrow Channel (NC). Ensure compliance with the following rules: - Rule 8.(a): Ensure actions are positive, allowing ample time and observing good seamanship. - Rule 8.(d): Guarantee actions result in passing at a safe distance, and monitor their effectiveness until the CBD has passed and cleared. Once the CBD is clear, you can adjust your speed back to a safe maneuvering speed (complying with Rule 6 - Safe Speed). FOLLOW-UP RULES TO APPLY WHEN ROC EXISTS: However, if you observe that the CBD, as mandated by Rule 9(d) and Rule 8(f)(i), fails to take early action and continues crossing the NC, resulting in the emergence of Risk of Collision (ROC), then you must take action and adhere to the following rules: 1. In accordance with Rule 8.(f).(iii), you (PDV) are still fully obligated to comply with Part B Rules when ROC exists during the approach with the CBD while she crosses the NC. 2. Remember Rule No. 3.(h), where the term CBD refers to a Power Driven Vessel (PDV). 3. As per Rules Part B, considering the types of vessels involved in this scenario (two PDVs and ROC existing), Rule 15 must be complied with. 4. Under Rule 15 (Crossing Situation), as you have a CBD, which is also a PDV, on your starboard bow, you must keep out of her way and avoid crossing ahead of her. Thus, you, as the PDV, become the Give-way vessel (to comply with Rule 16). Take early and substantial action to keep well clear, while the other CBD=PDV (on your starboard bow) becomes the Stand-on Vessel (to comply with Rule 17). She must not alter the course to port for you (PDV) on her own port side and may continue crossing the NC. YOUR ACTION TO AVOID COLLISION: Considerations: Since the other vessel crossing the NC (Narrow Channel) from starboard to port is a CBD=PDV with a special condition severely restricting her from deviating from her course, the most probable action for this CBD=PDV is to continue crossing the NC by increasing her speed. On the other hand, as per Rule 15 (Crossing situation), you as the PDV must keep out of the way of this CBD=PDV and avoid crossing ahead of her. You should pass the astern of the CBD=PDV by altering your course to starboard and maintaining a course as close to the starboard side outer limit of the NC as safe and practicable. Additionally, you may reduce speed to avoid collision or allow more time to assess the situation. When taking action to avoid collision, ensure compliance with the following rules: - Rule 8.(a): Execute actions positively, allowing ample time and observing good seamanship. - Rule 8.(e): Slacken your speed or take all the way off by stopping or reversing your means of propulsion. - Rule 8.(d): Ensure actions result in passing at a safe distance, and carefully monitor their effectiveness until the CBD=PDV has passed and cleared. Once the PDV has passed and cleared, you can increase your speed back to comply with Rule 6 - Safe Speed and continue navigating as close to the outer limit of the channel as safe and practicable. =================================================== Let me now address the second question outlined previously: Who assumes the role of the STAND ON vessel and who assumes the role of the GIVE WAY vessel in this particular scenario? Initially, In this scenario phase, when there is no Risk Of Collision (ROC) present, there are NO vessels designated as STAND ON or GIVE WAY. Rule 9(d) applies, placing the obligation on the CBD vessel not to cross the narrow channel (NC) in a manner that obstructs the passage of another vessel restricted to navigating within that channel or fairway. However, when ROC arises, as directed by Rule 8(f)(iii) to adhere to Part B rules, and as defined in Rule 3.(h), where CBD refers to a Power Driven Vessel (PDV), then based on the types of vessels involved, two PDVs are crossing so as to involve risk of collision, then the Rule 15 has to be complied with. Under Rule 15 (Crossing Situation), you have a CBD, which is also a PDV, on your starboard bow, you (as the PDV) shall keep out of the way of the CBD=PDV and avoid crossing ahead of her. Thus, in the event of ROC, you (PDV) become the GIVE-WAY vessel (to comply with Rule 16), to take early and substantial action to keep well clear. The other CBD=PDV (on your starboard bow) becomes the STAND-ON Vessel (to comply with Rule 17), Not to alter course to port for your (PDV) vessel on her own port side, allowing her to continue crossing the NC. I trust the above explanation clarifies your inquiries.

[@PrathamIngle]

@@l-marineservices6749 thank you so much sir. 😇

[@l-marineservices6749]

@@PrathamIngle I'm delighted to address your inquiries. I eagerly anticipate receiving more questions and queries from you and your colleagues. Feel free to share with others as well.