Cesium (Caesium) synthesis

[@AdvancedTinkering]

If you want to see where this journey ended watch this video of the largest vial of cesium ever shown on video: kzbin.info/www/bejne/jqGmhmOJrr56d6M I improved my technique dramatically and was able to get a perfect vial without cesium sticking to the glass.

[@randr10]

I did a cesium chloride gradient to purify DNA in college using ultracentrifugation. We were required to match the tubes using a balance with a precision of 0.1mg. It was sensitive enough that if someone entered the room while we were measuring it would throw off the measurement and we'd have to wait for it to settle again. This was overkill, but was done out of an abundance of caution. Our professor told us a story about how someone failed to properly balance a titanium rotor in the lab he formerly worked in and it had enough energy when it let go that it blasted through the ballistic armor inside the centrifuge, then down through 4 concrete floors, and embedded itself deep in the basement soil underneath, so he was a bit nervous about them. Very cool seeing someone reduce it into its elemental form. I watched your other video with the large vial. Very beautiful. I got nervous just watching you handle it indoors. Good thing you have steady hands and a cool head.

[@THYZOID]

I need to make caesium myself someday thank you for the video! Great job with the argon and your inert gas atmosphere work in general. Keep the content coming.

[@AdvancedTinkering]

Thank you! I watched some of your videos and they are very interesting! Great work! The next video will be about the redistillation to purify the caesium further. I would love to try to make some caesium azide from caesium hydroxide and hydrazoic acid. But since I have no area where I could work with hydrazoic acid, I have to do it some time in the future.

[@naydacolunga4992]

Is it a good way to invest or the equipment is more expensive than just buying cesium itself

[@jannikelspa8511]

Damn I searched for fun for someone making elemental cesium and I wasn't expecting too find someone. I'm pretty happy with your video. Nice job and big respect. I will do this method to get potassium this year but I don't think I'm ready to handle cesium at this point.

[@hillarymcgee9152]

Your chemistry page is so cute! I’m a Biochemistry major and this is really wholesome. Thank you for helping me find a new home ❤

[@jakebimrose]

That custom distilling apparatus is a work of art! Especially while running it almost looks gilded. One of my favorite elements as well, feels like old school alchemy with the beautiful gold liquid as a product!

[@AdvancedTinkering]

Thank you! Yes cesium definitely is one of the most beautiful elements. If you have seen the self made distillation apparatus, you probably have seen my newest video about making the huge vial. If not, I think you might like it!

[@whatachild4004]

Wait 4-7 years and this video would blow up on people recommended

[@Seenu_4]

2 years completed

[@paulpaulsen7777]

Yep, it started 😂

[@jesuschavez8417]

Hmmm

[@martintodorov570]

😂

[@cvtliquid2131]

this is the beginning

[@zaijal1572]

One day I will do this for myself, I actually have 2kg of CsCl from alibaba that I have sitting around waiting for me to make a proper reaction vessel. Only thing stopping me is I have no place to safely do this as I live in an apartment currently. Once I move to a place with a garage or an outdoor area I would feel safer with the reaction, but for now something like a failure in the reaction vessel would completely destroy my apartment.

[@middleway1885]

Great info! Thanks for sharing all these interesting experiments!

[@sgsggdehq]

Love 😍your channel, It's like you were continuing and pushing Cody'sLab work to the next level 🤩🚀

[@AdvancedTinkering]

Thanks! :)

[@scarpadog155]

You need some small septa, and a pear shaped flask. Also, I've seen some instances where a high temp wax is useful for things other than sealing vacuum gauges in certain types of shlenck lines; it's not as messy as you'd think....cleans up easily too. Anyway, I didn't know you could distill caesium. Great video! Your videos give the itch to spend 100K and turn my garage into a functioning lab. But I'd probably lose my job.

[@andreasschindler6077]

Saw your video on TikTok now I have to watch everything here :)

[@AdvancedTinkering]

I'm glad you like the videos! :)

[@katyushaslab7635]

Very informative, thank you!

[@mernokimuvek]

3:05 what brand battery did you use? I only know about Energizer ultimate lithium that has elemental lithium in it.

[@davidtagliaferri]

Very impressive

[@ianc.4601]

This is an extraordinary video. Thank you

[@vernonsadell1445]

Thank you Sir for this informative Video!

[@lantis3409]

Erstmal Blussi dalassen

[@Arunfiable]

Chemistry is sooo cool!

[@doyale2]

Very nice

[@Derek_Garnham]

HI, very nice work, I used to work on a sodium production plant, and that is tricky enough. One small point, I'm not sure that synthesis is the right term to use, I have always thought that synthesis referred to the action of combining substances rather than just removing part of a compound.

[@EvilScientist]

cool video, im subscribed now!

[@AdvancedTinkering]

Thank you! Appreciate it! Since the video I have improved the procedure and setup a lot: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mKbHfaxuodFreNk

[@EvilScientist]

@@AdvancedTinkering Actually came here from that video, was just watching through the older videos when I left the comment haha. Good stuff!

[@Sam-dn8my]

I think mixing shouldn't be too much of an issue considering lithium and cesium chloride will both melt. Wonder if diffusion will do it's work properly in there or that they mix poorly. Perhaps adding some movement to the vessel or some sonication could aid in better mixing, if that is the issue.

[@SodiumInteresting]

CsN would be cool to watch decompose😎

[@SodiumInteresting]

I'm going to try with pipe fittings but then tig weld or brase in the hope to get it air tight

[@AdvancedTinkering]

Did you write a longer comment before? I saw a notification but can't find the comment anymore.

[@SodiumInteresting]

@@AdvancedTinkering I did delete a comment either here or on another video. I was just asking if 316 stainless was OK for the reaction vessel but I didn't need to ask after all. I'm still shopping around for suitable bits. Like I said I think I'll tig weld 316 stainless steel 200ml 2"BSP tube with end cap at one end, a 90° reducing elbow connected to a 200mm 1/2"BSP tube the other. I'm still deciding the glass to steel interface. Ill probably have another 45° or 90° elbow so we're pointing downwards again. KF-16 flange and clamp provided I can manage to make a good glass KF-16

[@tobm431]

Hallo, ich kann nicht wirklich nachvollziehen, wieso das unedlere Caesium von einem "edleren" Element wie Lithium reduziert werden kann? Eigentlich nimmt doch die Reaktivität von den Alkalimetallen von oben nach unten zu, also dürfte doch Caesium, Lithiumchlorid zu Lithum reduzieren und nicht andersrum? I don´t understand why Lithium is able to reduce the more reaktiv Caesium. I think it shoul be the other way arround, because from top to bottom the metalls in the first colum become more an more reaktiv?

[@AdvancedTinkering]

Hallo, Ein sehr gute Frage. Du hast recht, Lithium ist edler als Caesium. Der Grund warum es dennoch funktioniert ist, dass das Caesium stetig abdestilliert wird und somit aus dem chemischen Gleichgewicht entfernt wird. Ein geringer Teil Caesium entsteht immer, da es eine Gleichgewichtsreaktion ist. Durch das Entfernen des Cs aus dem GG kann erneut Cs nachgebildet werden.

[@C134B]

Wouldn't rubidium be more reactive? Based off of ino chem (my education)

[@AdvancedTinkering]

No, Rubidium is below cesium on the periodic table and has a lower ionisation energy.

[@Padmakumari-zy7vk]

How to find cesium

[@altaris6593]

Forbidden gold

[@gravedigger1454]

Will Lithium and Caesium form an azeotrope? How much Casesium did you recover from the initial amount? Chemistry noob here btw.

[@scarpadog155]

Interesting.....I would have called it an alloy. But now I'm questioning the difference between the two. Damn liquid metals blurring the line of distinction.

[@fdwsyx6372]

Isnt caesium radioactiv?

[@AdvancedTinkering]

No. Naturally occurring cesium is not radioactive. Only isotopes made by humans (in nuclear reactors for example) are radioactive. The most well known isotope is Cs 137.

[@tokajileo5928]

you did not really explain why Lithium which is less reactive, gives its electron to the Cesium. it should be the other way around. I am curious of the chemical reason why Li reduces the alkaline metals below it from its salts.

[@AdvancedTinkering]

In this case, Lithium actually has a lower redox potential compared to Cs. But it would also work with Sodium, Calcium and others. There will always be a tiny amount of of Cs present because the reaction is in a chemical equilibrium. By removing (distilling) the cesium from the reaction, the equilibrium is shifted to the right side of the equation. It's called Le Chatelier's principle.

[@tokajileo5928]

@@AdvancedTinkering I found the answer on vedantu it is actually related to high hydration enthalpy of Li: An element that acts as a reducing agent, must have low ionization energy. Alkali metals act as strong reducing agents as their ionization energy values are low. Since, ionization decreases on moving down from Li to Cs, the reducing property also increases down from Li to Cs. Lithium ion is small in size and has high ionization enthalpy. Also, more solvent molecules can easily surround around the cationic sphere. On the other hand, because of its small size, it is extensively hydrated and has very high hydration enthalpy. This high hydration enthalpy compensates for the high energy needed to remove electrons. Thus, Li has a greater tendency to lose electrons in solution than other alkali metals. The Large amount of hydration energy makes it the strongest reducing agent in spite of its highest ionisation enthalpy. The tendency of an element to lose electrons in solution is measured by its standard oxidation potential value E0ext . Since, alkali metals have high E0ext values, these are strong reducing agents. However, it is observed that Li is the strongest reducing agent amongst alkali metals in solution as E0ext value of Li is maximum. Note: It should be noted that since ionization decreases on moving down from Li to Cs, the reducing property increases in the same order. Thus, Li is the weakest reducing agent while Cs is the strongest reducing agent amongst alkali metals in a free gaseous state.

[@AdvancedTinkering]

That's not the complete answer. As I wrote, it has a lower redox potential than cesium, which means it is able to reduce Cs. But it would also work with Sodium. Which has a higher redox potential.

[@tokajileo5928]

@@AdvancedTinkering i think it is, Li reduces Cs+ to Cs because they are in a liquid phase, a solution where the high hydration enthalpy of Li dominates, in pure gas phase this would not work as in that phase Cs is the stronger reducing agent. Na works for same reason as well because Na atoms are smaller than Cs.

[@scarpadog155]

​@@tokajileo5928not a lot of that determines the success of the reaction when you are constantly removing Cs. A energetically shit rxn will still yield.... that's why the French guy's principal is so handy.

[@ahmadansari7760]

Hello sir can u make more vedios on spectroscopy and chromatography

[@ThatOldStoner]

Okay I subscribe to you now.

[@trishblackman7403]

Why is there a difference in the spelling ?

[@ThatOldStoner]

Because some people from across the Atlantic got tired of not knowing where to put the a before the e and not knowing which R's to pronounce so they sailed to America and changed chit up.

[@dawsonparker6941]

It’s to help you pronounce it correctly you should’ve learned that in your first grade English class

[@axityouuknoow]

Durch dein tiktok hätte ich jetzt ein deutsches video erwartet aber naja

[@derbroh8823]

Ich rieche deutsch