Cheese, Catastrophes, & Process Control: Crash Course Engineering #25

Engineering, like life, could really use a lot more cheese. This week we are looking at a cheese factory in Toronto and what it can teach us about process control systems. We’ll explore feedforward and feedback systems, and see how integrating them both with the final check of cascade control creates a system made to handle uncertainty the world throws its way.
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RESOURCES:
www.improbable.com/2018/01/10...
www.abc.net.au/science/k2/trek...
www.proflow.ca/case-studies/pr...
www.explainthatstuff.com/howt...
www.marineinsight.com/tech/he...
www.controleng.com/single-art...
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[@Scott-J]

Don't let the view numbers fool you. Crash Course is the sort of long term value that the "old" internet will be remembered for. This sort of free, forever, overview course is brilliant! Your time and effort in producing it is worthwhile. The next Norman Borlaug, or Kurt Vonnegut, or any number of unrecognized engineers will get there start here.

[@lewisfoster2514]

Control Engineer here. I found this episode to be excellent, provides a brief and concise overview of control theory. I have one 'bug bear' you mentioned feedback, feedforward and cascaded but failed to mention PID control, I feel this to be the foundations of control/process control.

[@ezequielrenovato6608]

I would have liked to see split range control as well, great video nonetheless!

[@baltakatei]

Don't want to blow their minds with the dark arts of PID (proportional, integral, and derivative) tuning.

[@ironsmith9769]

Control engineers were burned at the stake in medieval times for that witchery.

[@TehSnRuB]

Yeah the mathematics behind PID would have been nice, it's so elegant when explained well. Even a mechanical visualisation 🤙

[@HorzaPanda]

Haha, yes. I covered that in control theory when doing nuclear physics :D

[@SomethingStrange1579]

Wishing everyone a beautiful, productive and safe weekend 🤗🤗🤗

[@RangerRuby]

So basically, by thinking about what could go wrong, it helps us prepare for it so it won't happen, or at least in a way where we will learn from it.

[@baltakatei]

See also "Layers of Protection Analysis".

[@s3cr3tpassword]

It's more like: 'I don't want to clean up this mess if it goes wrong. What do I need to do to make sure it never goes wrong? ' Kinda situation

[@TehSnRuB]

Additional to LOPA, see CHAZOP 😂 *Hot tip for anyone in attendance - take food and painkillers

[@NotHPotter]

Just started the Physics CC. It's interesting comparing the two courses to see the different ways you explain these topics. You do it really well!

[@TiberiusStorm]

Nice! I'm taking a program at College called "Instrumentation & Control Engineering". We learn all about a process (Water tank, DP Transmitter, Rotameter, etc) and have to calibrate it in various situations and in many different ranges (mA or psi). Most people have NO idea what it is I'm studying when I try to explain it. This video is helpful.

[@ezequielrenovato6608]

I work in a chemical manufacturing plant and all of this applies heavily with the process of making chemicals. Great Video!!!

[@soumyaagrawal1758]

Really great video, explained in an easy way.

[@megs8752]

I’m on the path to become a control/PA engineer and this video excites me! Cheers from Japan.

[@ImagineMedia]

She's a cool host. I like her. Keep her around and get her more screen time.

[@angelajaco8268]

Hey Hank and John, My name is Angela and I'm a huge fan of everything you do. I've read all John's books (waiting for xmas to read hanks,) listen to the pods, and of course LOVE vlogbrothers. I'm a musician who just recorded my first EP, but am of course still learning. I was wondering if there was a possibility you could do lessons on music theory. It's really interesting but no one has been very good at explaining it, therefore it's still very confusing to me. Thank you so much!

[@Marco_Onyxheart]

Always assume imperfections in your sensors. I work with drone software. One of the research groups we work with has drones that use barometers to estimate their altitude. They figured it was a great idea to figure their drones landed when the barometer says the height is 0, and completely shut off the motors. Unfortunately, barometers aren't super accurate, and also can't measure the absolute height above ground. The drones ended up falling down a meter or so, and breaking some parts.

[@TehSnRuB]

I think you did very well to explain this simply. Great work, I can send this to everyone who has no idea what I do. 😂

[@qwertyman1511]

discussing murphys law often leads to fiery debates.

[@RSderpy]

TELL ME HOW TO COMPUTE TRANSFER FUNCTIONS!

[@calvinball1]

I like this video a lot. I'm thinking about how this applies to software development and specifically test-driven development

[@thinker8682]

Another episode about a subject from the field of chemical engineering. Most episodes so far are about chemical engineering.

[@BushidoGameRealm]

Hey just wondering if u can make a video about cowboys era or if u had it already lmk i would like to check it thanks

[@baltakatei]

06:00 Wouldn't you want to put the steam valve at the outlet of the heat exchanger? Taking a pressure drop at the inlet would decrease the steam density and and temperature due to adiabatic expansion, wouldn't it?

[@nsambataufeeq1748]

Control Systems Engineering is by far the most interesting part of Mechanical Engineering

[@dan1204hc]

You can work and research Process Control following the path of Electrical, Computer, Chemical or Mechanical Engineer, each with their own specificities. It's a tough field, where different engineers need to talk to each other to make it work (especially in the chemical industry!!)

[@sceptre1067]

oddly now I want to hear Dr. Shini Somara do the audiobook version of Ignition by Clark on rocket propellants

[@050zaher]

awesome

[@HorzaPanda]

I did a module on Control Theory as part of my nuclear physics degree, and as Lewis Foster says, PID is important. I thought it might interest people to have a practical example from that: In order to keep a nuclear reaction steady, you want a set neutron flux in the reactor, one way to control that is with the control rods. These are materials that absorb neutrons (In a PWR you can also add boron to water, in the form of boric acid) Whatever you do as an intervention, there is always going to be some lag between action and effect Now, let's say you get a reading that's too high, so you lower the control rods/add more boric acid, you go for a linear approach, so your intervention is directly proportional to your intervention. With this approach, you'll typically overshoot and end up with too low a neutron flux, so you then raise your control rods/take some boric acid out Well done, you now have set off an oscillation in your neutron flux, and with a proportional/linear response that can quite easily be one that grows with each iteration. For obvious reasons, that is not a good thing to happen in a nuclear reactor. So you use an integral response to that initial deviation. I find it easier to think of this next bit like it's a mechanical system, with a pendulum, with that initial deviation from your norm being analogous to someone pushing your pendulum. You want to dampen that oscillation so it goes back to being steady, which is where an integral response comes in. You want a response that perfectly dampens that oscillation in the minimum possible time, not one like the linear response which is almost like your pushing it as it comes to the end of its swing (Note: It's been a while since I've last done this, I might be a little off in places, and I certainly can't remember exactly how to explain how the integral response works in detail)

[@SaberusTerras]

The engineer cleaning up the spilled milk was crying. She should know that's nothing to cry about... Nice joke, Thought Cafe.

[@tarasgirnyk8245]

As obvious it might be to "decrease steam flow if something is too hot" it's not always the case. In reality steam is generated somewhere using the power of either engine that is cooled by this very same oil or a battery, that - guess what - is charged by the same engine.. I think it also should be mentioned that the whole process operates under assumption that a) desired behavior is at least marginally stable b) either globally stable or at least has a decent stability region

[@6alecapristrudel]

Simple solution for Murphy's law: intend for everything to go wrong, that way nothing will.

[@TiberiusStorm]

Hope for the best but expect the worst!

[@gabedarrett1301]

What about PID loops?

[@jeffthegangster6065]

Love from spain crash course

[@unleashingpotential-psycho9433]

A lot of people are going to eat cheese after this video.

[@crashcourse]

We're OK with having that impact on the world.

[@AnitaBetterScreenname]

I'm on it.

[@janschilling8364]

🧀🧀🧀🧀🧀CHEEEEEEEESE

[@Anonarchist]

I don't know about spontaneous combustion, but more than one calculator has burst into flames due to my actions.

[@TheMrPandaMaster]

Wisconsin thumbnail?

[@leoarenque9917]

Every time I see people with cheese on their heads I remember GB Packers fans

[@Danilego]

9:19 Thanos approves

[@charityv570]

Thank you!!!

[@WildEngineering]

PIDs what? lol

[@Theblueraajaa]

Proportional Integral Derivative

[@CH-tv1cy]

Pee In Doodle

[@CandLProd]

Go Pack Go 🧀🧀🧀

[@ToddThiner]

CandLProd packers suck

[@eproulx]

Around the 3 minutes 40 seconds mark there's a typo

[@eproulx]

I wish there was some kind of process to control the quality of the text

[@idndyzgaming]

@@eproulx Nice play on words.

[@irwainnornossa4605]

298 K in my room? Do you want to boil me? Who would do that? 294, 295 max is the best.

[@freakingdudes2205]

The example about the calculater is flawed because the law states that anything that can go wrong and a calculator is not made up of materials supporting spontaneous combustion

[@thinker8682]

So I can't skip ads now? Ok, wow YouYube

[@pieter1102]

Murphy's Law: if something can go wrong, it will. Murphy's Second Law: if more than one thing can go wrong, the thing that causes the greatest damage will go wrong. Murphy's Third Law (also known as Sod's Law in Britain): Murphy was an optimist. By limiting yourself to the first law, you kept it at a nice and basic level. I expect a separate episode on the other laws!

[@baltakatei]

😍😍😍

[@TheSUPERHAPPY1]

Watch “Dairy is Scary” on youtube 🧀

[@rparl]

Mention hunting, where the controls keep pushing the system too far in opposite directions.

[@geoffmelnick1472]

At 3:41 "its" not "it's".

[@AnitaBetterScreenname]

Importantly, the 1st amendment to Murphy's law is ..."at the worst possible moment."

[@kimon114]

You bet you gorgeous dark eyes, Murphy's law rules!!

[@Jason-bi1em]

Sweet, I didn't have to go through my assigned reading because of this haha

[@trumanshow162]

Process control will be vital tech as related ( peripheral ) technology when we use AI as a main ( core, hub ) technology. It is important for us not to create the worst threat to humanity 😱, as well as biotechnology ( or bionics ) or applied informatics to help AI save the human civilization 🌈. I was reminded that technology is a double-edged sword and the more it’s useful, the more it must be treated carefully.

[@oldcowbb]

just stay out of my right half plane

[@lizardstreet4297]

Сделайте пожалуйста видео ускоренного курса про Украину, безумно интересно что скажут об этом ваши историки

[@JeeWeeD]

"it's controlled variables"? Keep paying attention to your writing, people! ;-)

[@darknightexex]

why are crash course views less that stupid meme compilations ?

[@ryze5431]

uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu

[@candleduck9339]

For a crash course on cheese, watch “Dairy is Scary” on yt

[@wisco_simple]

cheese heads

[@vicenterivera188]

Cheese heads! Go Packers!

[@ToddThiner]

Swiss is a nasty cheese I said it fite me

[@DougOfTheAntarctic]

Thumbs up for unapologetic use of the Metric System at 3:49!

[@user-jt7rb1dt8f]

Translation to Arabic please

[@janschilling8364]

Hiiii

[@batoola4986]

First comment :))) hii

[@actionkey8042]

CrashCourse - hi install hi-tech light bulb or other staff

[@Bunjamin27]

Where's John Green? He is, by far, the best host of Crash Course

[@baltakatei]

No! She's wonderful!

[@Bunjamin27]

@@baltakatei - Why are you pretending someone said she's not wonderful? You crazy or something? John Green is, by far, the best host of Crash Course!

[@ayanacarson301]

I miss hank and john ...

[@graememacaulay6157]

Omg, marry me

[@T0m0m4r]

Canadian cheese is bad anyway, just throw everything away and come to France