Circuits, Voltage, Resistance, Current - Physics 101 / AP Physics Review with Dianna Cowern

Lesson 19 (Voltage, Resistance and Current) of Dianna's Intro Physics Class on Physics Girl. Never taken physics before? Want to learn the basics of physics? Need a review of AP Physics concepts before the exam? This course is for you!
Exercises in this video:
1. If you connect 10 AA batteries, each with a voltage of 1.5V, in series, what will be the total voltage of the resultant battery pack?
2. What would be the voltage if you connected them in parallel?
3. If you shoot an electron across a potential of 1000V, how fast will the electron end up going?
Credits:
Dianna Cowern - Executive Producer/Host/Writer
Jeff Brock - Lead Writer/Course Designer
Laura Chernikoff - Producer
Rachel Watson - Video Editor
Bryn Bishop - AP Curriculum Consultant
Sophia Chen - Researcher/Writer
Erika K. Carlson - Researcher/Writer
Hope Butner - Production Assistant
Levi Butner - Videographer
Lauren Ivy - Set Design
Vanessa Hill - Consulting Producer
Aleeza McCant - Illustrator
Rachel Allen - Illustrator
Consultant - Kyle Kitzmiller
Lucy Brock, Samantha Ward - Curriculum Consultants
Cathy Cowern - Transcription
Thank you to ASAP Science for the wonderful message!
/ @asapscience

[@Dwayne7]

Why this channel is soo underrated , it deserves a lot tbh 🥺

[@Vector_Ze]

Well, two million subscribers is nothing to sniff about.

[@epicasteroid6873]

Don't worry its growing People like you and me gonna support it 👍👍👍

[@sitarnut]

Lads, here is another thought... education nowadays, doesn't contain a lot of science, or practically no science taught in many schools. In my time we had science fairs, and lots of demonstrations on many aspects of science. For goodness sake, we had Don Herbert, Mr. WIZARD on TV every week. There was city-wide science competition between the schools by grade! Presently, kids are into a phone many hours per day involved in ego building from social media... that doesn't promote the ability to even construct a proper paper airplane... much less the splendid balsa, stick and paper, rubber powered craft which I still build to this day. Lately, I tried to interest a youngster starring into a tablet at the laundry how to construct a paper airplane. I folded it , sailed it clear to the other end of the shop.. his eyes lit up for a brief second, and went back to the tablet. If he only knew the engineering math involved in even that paper job....no curiosity to even wonder why it would, or could fly at all... guess I'm just too old. Anyway, try this: kzbin.info/www/bejne/rJ3NqmaigK6BY5I

[@Dwayne7]

@@Vector_Ze what's wrong with the thing I said ? I didn't mean to undermine her current number of subs duh.....

[@swayamprakashkar9664]

Laughs in 2 million

[@JCRFast]

I'm a 50 year old mechanic. 30 year ago I had a difficult time learning the basics of electricity. I compared it to the flow of water from a tank thru a hose thru a nozzle. Voltage,amperage,current flow. Ect... Wish you were around 30 years ago. Thank you for making physics easier for my children to learn.

[@markdelagasse8641]

I’m 76 years old and have worked with electricity all my life. It was a lot more fun watching you than my instructors in the Navy and the civilian classrooms.

[@daveturnbull7221]

This better not be the end of Phsics Girl - I need her to keep reminding me just how little I know and understand.

[@kinda2046]

Somethings coming up with me and her......

[@tomskih203]

Absolutely incredible woman. I admire her so much and I hope many young girls aspire to grow up to be like her.

[@ElectroBOOM]

GREAT COURSE as always! at 19:07 you mentioned mass doesn't cancel, but maybe it could. the q or amount of charge can be written as as n x e (number of electron times charge of electron) and number of electron would be Total mass (Mt) divided by electron mass (Me). So q = Mt x e / Me. So this way total mass would cancel from both sides of your equation, I guess! Am I wrong?? So instead of mass, you would have charge per mass of electron as a fixed factor (e/Me) And one question, sorry I'm one of those pesky students! It seems at around 250kV and above in vacuum electron would reach speed of light and pass it, but it won't I guess. What is limiting electron?

[@DEADPOOL-ti4cs]

Mass

[@Afrotechmods]

My understanding of it is that electrons do have a certain mass. And as such even when you accelerate them they can only asymptotically approach the speed of light but never equal it. If you were able to create a really strong field in a vacuum and somehow accelerated a mass above c, then how could you keep the field going with the object in the field? The plates would have to be moving apart much faster than c. c is basically the upper limit of the ability to propagate mass or information within our universe. As to why that is I do not know, that's well into the realm of quantum physics.

[@PONO-go3ee]

ElectroBOOM in Batteries ( Dendrites) accumulate across the two opposite Polarities as Mass and can cause Mass , and causes a Electrical Short

[@ElectroBOOM]

@@Afrotechmods That makes sense, which means the speed calculation equation should probably have another factor in there that comes into effect at speeds close to light.

[@rmsgrey]

As with everything else with a rest mass, as an electron gets close enough to the speed of light, energy goes more to increasing its mass and less to increasing its speed. You can never actually accelerate something to the speed of light because of that effect. And, yes, you're right that you end up with the charge/mass ratio of an electron as a constant factor in the equation (just like there's a mass/mass ratio, which cancels to 1, for gravitational acceleration)

[@MentalLapse]

The best part of this series has been watching your enthusiasm for the subject. Even if you don't get people to go into physics, I hope people will be encouraged by your excitement and go find what excites them and create this much joy in their own lives. Well done :)

[@devonashwa7977]

thaats probably the drreamer in u talking, our lives are miserable and will always be so. but hey atleast we got a "friend" in diana

[@joemama142]

I can't believe I just found this now, I almost missed it and now I gotta go see them all. Thank you so much for all your hard work.

[@topjeeneethindi1064]

LED : Learning Electricity with Diana 😃

[@cxffaye]

Yesss

[@TeslaElonSpaceXFan]

Hmm, and what is AMOLED? :p

[@topjeeneethindi1064]

@@TeslaElonSpaceXFan i AM Obsessed with Learning Electricity with Diana : )

[@xdragon2k]

Wait... isn't that just ... LEWD???

[@topjeeneethindi1064]

@@xdragon2k THEN FBI SHOULD BE FBOI. :)

[@ragtop63]

This brings back so many memories. I remember learning about this when I was 6 or 7 years old. I had to build a power converter that converted 110/120 volts AC to 12-14 volts DC. I spent a significant amount of time learning about how electricity works and the physics behind it.

[@samedwards6683]

Thanks so much for creating and sharing this educational and entertaining video. Great job. Hope that each day you are feeling better than the day before 🙏

[@madhealerofwindurst807]

I'm sorry to see this series end. It was fun. I look forward to seeing what you do next Diane and Crew.

[@els1f]

I loved this series! She makes all these great videos about fun topics, but she is somehow even better at teaching the actual _science_ part of science. Her love of the topics translates on her face and her enthusiasm 🙌🙂

[@richardcampbell4506]

Loved your whole 101 series. Thank you 😊

[@nishthasharma22]

This is an amazing series, Diana! Simply spiffing. Thank you so very much.

[@hash5996]

She's the teacher we all wish we had

[@HadarCo]

How fitting is it that my suggested next video is ElectroBOOM's 😂 Awesome Lesson (and course, of course haha)! As an Electrical Engineering student (4th year, soon to be over 😅🙏🏻) this whole course is a big flashback of past Physics courses (which I loved obviously), but this one is like my bread and butter 😁

[@Bassotronics]

And Electroboom commented here too.

[@tree_carcass_mangler]

"Learn (more) by teaching." Interesting advice. Thanks so much for producing this series. Thumbs up!

[@ShirinRose]

As a Chemistry tutor, I second Dianna's advice. I understand Chemistry way better from having taught it than I ever did while I was studying it.

[@Bassotronics]

Thank You for so many years of wonderful science videos! I will continue to enjoy what you have to offer in the future.

[@Sciencedoneright]

From nerdy pool vortices to crazy electric boi. You've come a long way Diana

[@mikeypick1]

I failed out of electronics school in the navy about 20 years ago. If I just had this video 20 years ago, my life would be so much different now. I can’t imagine how many people’s lives are forever betterfied (that’s a real word I just made up) as a result of Physics Girl videos. Thank you!

[@lavanyabhat3796]

Thanks so much Physics Girl!!! Because of you, I was able to appreciate and fall in love with a subject I was legit struggling with!! I thank you with all of my heart and wish you the best of luck!! 💓

[@baasantserenganbold2925]

I have watched every single lesson of this course and I have learned so much. So thank you very much.

[@mrmcafeeboat2887]

I glad you like it

[@trtlphnx]

As A Mathematician, I love Your Presentations; Thank you for Giving SO Much, to So Many For So Little!!!

[@SamiKankaristo]

15:50 Can't remember where I heard this analogy originally (probably KZbin), but it's a pretty good explanation of the "speed of electricity". Think of a hose that's full of blue marbles, and the hose is just wide enough that the marbles make a line that's one marble wide. If you push a red marble in from one end of the hose, a blue marble pops out the other end of the hose pretty much instantly, although the red marble you pushed into the hose moves slowly. Electrons or electron "holes" behave similarly to the marbles. You have extra electrons at one end of the wire, and a lack of electrons at the other end of the wire (the electron "holes" move from the higher voltage to the lower voltage). An individual electron moves slowly, but the "stream" of electrons in the wire is almost instant.

[@shpambypamby3113]

Brilliant

[@joshgaming420]

Loved this series! Dianne please make another one, never stop learning ; )

[@erichclark1360]

Totally loving this series! The writing is very clear and your enthusiastic delivery makes them a joy to watch! If only I’d had these kinds of videos when I was in school! At the 8:18 or so you talked about wiring batteries in series vs parallel, and you were clear that the voltages are additive in series but not in parallel. That might have been a great place to talk about amp-hours, a particularly relevant topic now since high amperage-hour demands are often met by small batteries in parallel (like cars).

[@ashmomofboys]

I just came across your channel and I absolutely love it! I’m a physic nerd myself and I love your explanations. Such an awesome channel I wish I had known of sooner. Will definitely be sharing!

[@MohanKarulkar]

Dianna this is so fantastic! my kid's been watching these and getting smart beyond his years :) you do such a better job than i can!

[@earthkind]

Awesome! That was a lot to ingest in one sitting. I've been learning about solar and batteries. So this was the super technical side of building a solar carport to charge a Nissan Leaf. Loving your channel. Thank you :)

[@travisgatlin536]

I've been learning a ton about electricity lately for various projects, and this makes some of the things I've learned make a lot more sense. Great video.

[@kakashi3k]

Just started school for electrician and OHMS Law is a rule of thumb. Never thought I would hear this from a physicist. Wow!!!

[@Prince-dz6xm]

Mark me present So sad that the series is ending but would be happy if more of such series would release.

[@alexmason7393]

I'm an embedded system engineer, we used to learn this in our physic class and now I completely forget that I studied this. You're basically quoting exactly from the book I used to study but I never get to the part where I have to use the word quantum :)

[@amritmohapatra1901]

I really love this series hope you make another series on other topics

[@Taran72]

So sad it's over!! But your channel lives on for ever so it's ok!! I love all the work you do and love all your supportive staff! Thank you so much for this channel. Yes, I agree: we learn so much by teaching.

[@yvonnevalenza7583]

This morning, my daughter wanted to watch Physics Girl which we started tuning into very recently. She chose this one and when you were doing all these electricity related equations. I asked, “Do you want to watch something else? Or do you find this interesting?” She goes, “No, I find this interesting!” I told her she was ahead of me, learning about these equations at not even 7 while I’m learning about them for the first time at 37. She laughed. She loves learning from you!

[@parinitiverma9895]

0:52 Dang, it IS my birthday. I almost got a heart attack when she said that! edit- SHE POSTED A VIDEO ON MY BIRTHDAY!!!!!!!!!!

[@balancedeuphoria7353]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/n5LMY6GietCDias

[@Gangst3r4ever]

Cool. Lucky you

[@neeluverma6752]

@Flammable Flame 505 😂😂😂😂😂😂

[@elisecurran9497]

So glad you started this Physics 101 series....more user-friendly for teachers!

[@mltorrefranca]

This has been a great series! Thank you so much!

[@maxwaters1461]

Damn, and here I had thought she teaching these in parallel. Series circuit versus parallel.....

[@Doc959]

@@maxwaters1461 😂😂😂

[@MemphiStig]

i didn't know you were doing these. i'll have to go back and watch, cuz i've forgotten most of this since high school. never too old to learn. or re-learn. or reinforce. physics is cool!

[@JCtheMusicMan_]

Dianna! Either I was not paying attention in college physics or you did what my professor did not! By emphasizing the connection between the two equations, I will never forget Ohms law! Thank you for your awesomeness! 🥰

[@some18youknow]

You have a great channel! Just started watching your videos and they are amazing!

[@outside8312]

I'm really going to miss this! I hope you decide to do a second series in the future 🤞🥺😢🙏 Some of us only have KZbin as school, even when we aren't in a pandemic. These types of series make the world of difference.

[@archanasingh334]

Just think like Dianna and physics will be a cakewalk

[@tonygutermuth9347]

I love the comparison of Voltage to the energy potential of lifting a weight against gravity, especially as it relates to batteries. I've always used an analogy comparing electrical potential in a battery to water in a water tower. The new analogy comparing electrical potential to lifting a weight in a gravitation field might help people understand in a different way. Great series!

[@AntonioMeres]

I love your work, I love the way you love what you do, I love how you preach about science and I love your communication style. Everything is perfect and please oh please! Keep going. Never stop. Cheers!

[@ronpaul9172]

As a Network Engineer that has ALWAYS loved Physics, I am sooo glad I found you.

[@antonio39776]

I am an electrician and this was one of the best explanation i ever heard

[@KieranGarland]

Really good, really helpful. Brilliant on the intuition for what's really going on. Thank you!

[@Texas1FlyBoy]

26:40 - To teach something you learn it incredibly well. I believe that wholeheartedly. Or to say it another way: You know you've learned something well when you can teach someone the material (without error, of course).

[@papaowl13803]

Please let this not be the end. It's Diana's way of teaching that I have learned so much.

[@josephsage3524]

Loved it. Thank you for the mental stimulation ⚘

[@pkraja8723]

When fruits and veggies dont answer ur questions in interview... u ELECTROCUTE them 😂

[@franklinshriver8441]

I liked physics before..yet was always an above average insecure dude with no idea what to do next..but now I love physics, thanks to Diana. I wish more teacher's could learn how to present material the way she can! Thank you D.C.🙃

[@tysondog843]

If I had this...some years ago...I would have done much better at school. You are changing the world, literally. If you aren't telling your kids not to watch this (because then they will) you are mad. She teaches adults new things every week, imagine how it can help your kids.

[@user-hp4vg3ek2y]

Thank you for doing these even though they probably don't get the activity they deserve. I enjoy them!

[@naveenraj2008eee]

Exciting to learm about electricity.. My major.. But sad to see this series end.. Hope to learn more from you.. As usual lots of physics learned.. Thanks..🙏

[@daudkharal1328]

Really sad about the last lesson, The series was amazing. Love from Pakistan!

[@onmyknees9108]

Wow happy to see a fellow pakistani here .....salam alaykum bhaiii😊😊

[@daudkharal1328]

​@@onmyknees9108 yess, you're just like me i.e. happy to see pakistanis making good use of youtube lol. Which grade are you in btw?

[@onmyknees9108]

@@daudkharal1328 2nd year

[@onmyknees9108]

@@daudkharal1328 3 din baad physics ke paper he iss liye yahan pohonch gya 😂😂😂

[@daudkharal1328]

@@onmyknees9108 lmao! concepts ka board mein koi faida nahi hona (just sayin) Past papers ko Koran ki tara parho (you already know that tho). Merey bhi exams aney waley first year ke :(

[@Alex_Hetherington]

You are now my favourite Physicist, I'm currently in training for a new job I got recently at a Battery shop (:

[@colbynye5995]

Fantastic series! Thank you!

[@maxwaters1461]

You nailed it PG, "Work comes from a force.", it been my experience while at work, that force is usually my boss.

[@arielmullins0]

This is above my head, but still fascinating! I listen while I wash my dishes, and hope someday it will click!

[@wesleycurtis750]

You should be shown in schools... So much better and more inspiring than my physics teaches were!

[@Jutilaje]

One of the easiest examples someone told me to understand volts vs amps, and series vs parallel is imagining that the battery is a tank of water. Volts are like the "pressure" of the water, while Amps are like the volume of the stream of water. If you line them up side by side (in series) you would have more volume of water, but the pressure would be the same because the water column is the same height in 1 battery as it is in 100,000 batteries. On the other hand, if you stack them one on top of each other, the "pressure" (voltage) increases just like it would with tanks of water, because the water column is taller. In the case of batteries, the 1.5v in the top battery "pushes down" on the 1.5v in the next battery from positive to negative, so now there's 3v of "pressure", etc.

[@tarunkumar5957]

It's there for my syllabus thank you

[@ethantomah]

This video is helping me for science Olympiad! Thank you!

[@m101ist]

This is the first one of your KZbin videos watched from UK Wales. Science and a sense of humour.🙄

[@Buddythunder1]

Ah, this takes me back! Happy days, nice work.

[@engineereverything9055]

Collab with Derek (veritasium) or mark rober in a Livestream or something please!

[@petero6471]

She did just that a few days ago on Instagram.

[@Systox25]

And there are old videos too

[@stormrungaming]

got added to a playlist without even watching yet. You never disappoint.

[@VictorNguyen-cc2ww]

i just started this unit and this video helped me a lot!! thanks!

[@tarequlislam2176]

What, ,is this series really gonna be packed? Will miss such easy comprehensive tutorials. It is special for non English natives kids.

[@ahmjamil0]

Excellent presentation. You are absolutely correct ! The best way to learn is to teach.

[@DuiChang]

Love this series

[@deborahbaker1254]

I just discovered Physics Woman (Girl). I watched your first ever video then skipped ahead to this most recent one. Wow what a difference. You've definately become a pro and more comfie at making you tube vids

[@trevorstewart1308]

As a humble pickle farmer and amateur physicist, I don’t have much time for in death physics lessons, so this format has been perfect for relearning the basic concepts and math involved; thank you very much. You are also a very effective science communicator. It would be wonderful to see a course on each of the topics covered in this corse Ps have you ever made and electric pickle (aka a pickle-light)?

[@phizics]

If i had a physics teacher like you i would be next albort ion-shine. Great work diana ❤️

[@madhyamangrish2451]

Dianna cowern is the best❣️

[@bobair2]

Super lady Diane ! I love anything that has to do with electricity and what is also known as Ohm's law and for that-thank you!!!!!

[@adveshdarvekar7733]

I really needed this basics!

[@316therocksays]

I love your enthusiasm about science

[@milton.morais]

Hi Physics Girl! I was searching a video that could explain how display stylus can have its great precision. I find out that it works with an inductive technlology which make even buttons on this stylus works with displays, ok, but it's incredible how its precision make it be useful to even artists use it nowadays. I let this suggestion to the next videos. Best wishes to you and everyone!

[@ProFriend]

Physicists may use V for voltage, but in the electronics world we use E, for Electromotive Force, which is what it was generally called before it was renamed the Volt to honor its Italian discoverer (and inventor of the battery) Alessandro Volta. Our version of Ohm's Law is E over IR.

[@LVXMagick]

You are just amazing. Wish you were every child's teacher....could you imagine the world if kids learned from her? Universe Goals!

[@eccentricOrange]

Will there be a series 2, probably for AP Physics 2? Discuss magnetic fields, fluid mechanics, nuclear physics - the interesting stuff!!

[@hadiakashif8328]

I READ THE SAME THIS IN SCHOOL BUT THIS IS 💯 times more COMPREHENDIBLE.... thanx Physics Girl ( I wish u were my teacher )

[@neerajmehta3461]

I was very much surprised by your words wich directly striked my mind. I love your explanation 👍🏻 keep it up Love from india🤗

[@kdog8787]

15:38 In a purely resistive (ohmic) circuit, current is proportional to voltage. In general, current is monotonic with respect to voltage (more voltage=more current).

[@yashika8280]

A lot of students lose interest in physics once they enter high school in India. I still believed that physics is much more than just a subject which you need to clear to get into university and this course really boosted up my momentum towards learning physics and it's craziness. Looking forward to more courses in the future. Thanks for this amazing content

[@angelalewis3645]

This is awesome!

[@StaticBlaster]

I'm glad I stumbled upon your channel. You have a lot of great content plus I love a girl who is smarter than me. I barely understand electronics. Thanks for clearing these concepts up.

[@Troll-by6kz]

Omg😢 I can't believe it's the last episode... my final test for Pre-University is coming soon and I hope i got into Physics field!!!! I REALLY LIKE IT!!!

[@uzidicis1938]

This is a Great! Chanel, Im just 11 years old, and i am from mexico so when i see your videos i learn english and physics

[@WouterVerbruggen]

Yay superconductors! Nice to hear my field getting a mention. In contrary to that new "RT" superconductor research tho, we're working on actually applying them in practical system ;-)

[@brendonesia2000]

Great stuff, I love this

[@geoffreybartlett9293]

I hope you will continue producing content. Love the sound of your voice. Of course you look good too...

[@hanoroam2259]

we need more of this

[@seektruth8662]

A more simple way to look at it: Think of voltage as pressure. When you open a faucet connected to a hose, you expose the water in the hose to pressure. It pushes the water making the current flow, the more pressure the more energy the water has. Voltage is ELECTRICAL PRESSURE and like water pressure it goes nowhere, it only pushes the electrons through the wire. It forces a current of electrons (measured in amps) to jump from their orbit on one copper atom to the next atom, all the way through the circuit. The voltage is created by the attraction force that the - negative charge of the electrons in the battery have for the + positive side of the battery, just like north and south ends of magnets are attracted. If you connect a light bulb to + and - battery terminals the electrons will flow through it. The material a light bulb filament is made of has higher resistance to electrical flow (measured in ohm's) than wire has. The flowing electrons can't flow or jump between it's atoms as easily as wire atoms, so a limited amount of current forces it's way through, creating enough heat to light the bulb.

[@didevrythngrghtndthyindictedme]

i enjoyed these even though i already knew most of it

[@Masterr59]

I enjoyed these even though I don't understand most of it