ckwraps.com/ for in depth how to vinyl wrap training videos.
@wayneyd22 жыл бұрын
What's the cost?
@Chris122112 жыл бұрын
I think there’s a laser etched carbon fiber ppf which is now available.
@_john_rick_2 жыл бұрын
Why didn’t you do the V pattern on it
@omarcortez66842 жыл бұрын
How you found any good honeycomb carbon fiber gloss wrap? As good as the material this video shows for the regular carbon fiber?
@RealReeseElDon2 жыл бұрын
@@Chris12211 neither of the links work where can I find the updated version of this
@reaxions2 жыл бұрын
Please stop making it look so perfect and easy. I can't wrap anything with curves, so nobody can. This is clearly a combination of art and science. Brilliant work!
@motormax60482 жыл бұрын
If u haven't already try good quality wrap it makes it a lot easier
@1338-c9s2 жыл бұрын
Def true. I specialize in paint correction and work with a bunch of professional wrappers. These guys are all OCD freaks
@UYC.2 жыл бұрын
True
@felipebaez35122 жыл бұрын
I just glance over at my brand new roll of wrap and it instantly bubbles up and gets creases
@urban_outlaw_53952 жыл бұрын
@@felipebaez3512 😂😂😂😂😂💀💀
@elysekitt37312 жыл бұрын
I wrapped my first hood in the Vvivid carbon fiber wrap it’s a 350 Z with 10 vents to cut out. It was HARD but turned out amazing wish I could post it. I was able to teach myself to vinyl wrap by watching countless hours of your videos and you are a true artist, a badass and inspired me to finally do what I’ve been wanting for so long when I thought it was impossible. I’m going to wrap my whole beemer now in satin gold this weekend and super excited 😊 I wish you did wrap classes in the US I would pay top dollar to take your class
@cvgxnie888 Жыл бұрын
this gives me hope that i can learn how to wrap my saab 9-3 2.0t hood and roof black, i’ve already wrapped some interior pieces and i think i’m gonna try my mirrors and then go full send on the hood!
@Hoserzzz4 ай бұрын
Avery dennison does classes all over the US but I agree it'd be great if Christian had any here
@davidnguyen48882 жыл бұрын
STEK Carbon Fiber fashion film is best I have seen in person. The film has a lot of depth and layers to it. Pretty thick and has a lot of protection. Thanks for showing this example. This one looks good too.
@ebbust61812 жыл бұрын
Is this the one he used? Stek Carbon fiber?
@davidnguyen48882 жыл бұрын
@@ebbust6181 no. STEK is a fashion ppf
@ScottO842 жыл бұрын
Agreed. STEK's DynoCarbon PPF is king in terms of look and depth.
@urenaanthony912 жыл бұрын
@@ebbust6181 What wrap did he use?
@BrokecaR34JC2 жыл бұрын
@@urenaanthony91 Tiny bots tinybotvinyl.com/collections/carbon-fiber North america shipping only it seems though
@1derman2872 жыл бұрын
I rarely comment but I couldn't resist. This video is so entertaining. I love watching a true artist at work. It was so calming. I'm getting so many Bob Ross vibes. Awesome vid man!
@Soundsaboutright422 жыл бұрын
Definitely the most real looking I've seen by far
@bekimveseli418210 ай бұрын
link to buy the vinyl?
@paulbaluch4392 жыл бұрын
I got to say from a guy that worked with real carbon fiber all the time making race car parts I would say that's one of the best vinyl carbon wraps I've seen I have worked with 1080p myself but that material you're working with really does give the real carbon look thanks for doing the video I enjoyed it and you do a great job rapping it's an art😎👍👍👍🏁🇺🇸
@lostchild4882 жыл бұрын
It does have depth to it! Looks real! Might be a cool idea to compare side by side, real CF and 'sticker' CF!
@doug41822 жыл бұрын
You are an artist. I've wrapped a bunch of small interior parts with success. You are the Bob Ross of vinyl...lol. Very calm and patient. I was torn between a factory hood with a scoop, or a carbon one. I was concerned about fitment issues. Now I can have the best of both worlds.
@doug41822 жыл бұрын
You show adding the paint protection film at the end. Is that something you would recommend? It seemed to remove and surface scratches...
@ds-zd9qz4 ай бұрын
best of both worlds? fake carbon wrapped on a steel hood is best of both worlds? LOL
@zackcrane2242 жыл бұрын
This is the first video of yours I've seen for wrapping and sir you have done an amazing job very descriptive and detailed love this man keep the content coming!!! Especially for someone who's a beginner warper like me!
@YourP4P2 жыл бұрын
You're killing it Chris. Love the channel growth.
@tmansim212 жыл бұрын
I'm blown more and more away by that film as I watched more of the video, also you make wrapping cars look literally so easy. I feel less intimidated by the idea of doing my own hood or mirrors after watching but I know deep down that the only reason it looks this easy is because you're obviously so skilled at wrapping it's ridiculous lol
@seankaine24112 жыл бұрын
I totally agree with you. By far the most realistic carbon fiber wrap. I'm going to email you in regards to wrapping my front bumper on my 94 Honda civic coupe. I have real carbon fiber hood and fenders so a wrapped bumper would look sick happy I found this page.
@n300zx9312 жыл бұрын
This is amazing. Carbon parts are so expensive for my motorcycle, but this looks plenty real. I'd love to use it on the parts.
@aleksandrovichkonstantin2 жыл бұрын
When the car is in the sun, the vinyl peels off the surface. I checked it all out 🤣
@diegodollarhide66633 ай бұрын
@@aleksandrovichkonstantinMaybe if you leave it in the sun for three years 😂. Now I’d personally buy real carbon fiber parts, and all my cars are painted instead of wrapped, but I’ve never seen a car wrapped with any new, professionally made vinyl produced in the past 10 years peel up just because someone left in in the sun.
@gabrielthompson38532 жыл бұрын
Also, this stuff is so good I was putting it on top of my UV damaged door as a temp fix and looking at the real CF immediately next to this wrap, it was nearly indistinguishable. Very impressive.
@TopDrumCorps2 жыл бұрын
What’s the brand? I didn’t hear him mention it in the video
@dragosmarian062 жыл бұрын
What brand is?
@gabrielthompson38532 жыл бұрын
@@dragosmarian06 TinyBot is the brand. It’s been a while since I ordered it on Amazon but I’m pretty sure they call it 6D carbon fiber vinyl wrap. It’s good stuff man but just as an FYI I don’t recommend using it for smaller surface areas with a lot of tension like door handles. Because it’s so thick compared to normal single colored vinyl that you can just get from Amazon and it peels on the edges. If you do use it for something like that make sure to use an overlay to cover the edges if possible kind of like putting tape on it to cover the edges but with a different thinner wrap. I used this stuff in my door handles and used some cheaper black vinyl from Amazon to put on the inside as an overlay and it’s held up great for the last 5 or 6 months since I put it on.
@dragosmarian062 жыл бұрын
@@gabrielthompson3853 thx man.
@SpeedCultureStudios2 жыл бұрын
Really surprised how good it looks. I’ve been hesitant to do a carbon wrap hood on my car because none I have seen look very good. This one however may have changed my thinking!
@urenaanthony912 жыл бұрын
Where can I find.this wrap?
@nickrendell43002 жыл бұрын
A real pro at work on car wrapping, great insight on how you wrap a vehicle. It shows you have many years experience and knowledge on wrapping.great video.
@mooshoodragon2 жыл бұрын
You know the content of a video is great when you can watch the entire hour long video and not be disappointed one bit. For yeeeaaars I've been hoping for a cf wrap worthy of being put on the exterior of a car. I've seen a few that look pretty decent on small interior pieces but just don't compare to the real deal when outside under the sun. But man this wrap looks amazing. I'm considering not only for the $ saved in buying a hood but also the space saved in my garage where the oem hood and trunk would be if I bought carbon fiber replacements.
@C9H0S Жыл бұрын
This guy is the ultimate professional. 👏🏾🙂
@173customdetailing92 жыл бұрын
Love your passion, you've made me have a go at wrapping,I'm not perfect but for my first go I had some good comments from my neighbours thanks for the insperation 👍
@gm193711 ай бұрын
GREAT instructional video and I have a question. Can this product be used in a marine environment on a boat? I have a brown fiberglass or plastic console that houses the instrumentation in my otherwise beautiful Searay boat. It’s equivalent to your car’s dashboard. The brown color drives me crazy. Can this product be used in my boat? Can it be removed later if necessary?
@andrewsimmons33442 жыл бұрын
As someone who does have a real carbon fiber hood this does look real and honestly a killer alternative that I would recommend. Awesome video as usual from you love your content!
@CKWraps2 жыл бұрын
Thank you and I appreciate the honest feedback. I've seen many carbon fiber hood on my life. Some look good, some don't. The same goes for carbon fiber vinyl. Unfortunately I didn't have any real carbon fiber at the shop to compare it with but I'll have some next time.
@overwhelmed26 ай бұрын
I have been watching your videos for sometime now and its amazing how in-depth and the attention to the details you express in your work. And your a real cool dude. Thank you for these videos.
@brandonjohnson35662 жыл бұрын
My homie straight threw down a lowpro diss to all professionals complaining a vinyl is too difficult then says that's gonna cause some problems. Hahaha savage mode.
@seriosertyp81452 жыл бұрын
1:50 bless your heart for hating on the "dry carbon fiber" look. Nobody ever used real carbon fiber pieces without gel coating as a surface finish. Anyone who uses that fancy structure cast dry carbon look is absolute clueless about real carbon fiber and how painful those splinters can be…
@Stinky_boyy2 жыл бұрын
Thats actually insane how realistic it looks. I was just about to buy a carbon fiber hood now im rethinking it lol Side note: is there a link to this warp somewhere?
@jpmoney3052 жыл бұрын
What product is this? I don’t see a link to it or a name mentioned
@Stinky_boyy2 жыл бұрын
@@jpmoney305 it’s tiny bit vinyl not sure of the exact carbon wrap it is though
@Boooost3d2 жыл бұрын
Same. Where can we get the wrap
@nighrow52 жыл бұрын
@@Boooost3d I wish this question was answered by now:/ can’t really hear where he got it from in video lmao.
@josemendez93712 жыл бұрын
@@nighrow5 I heard tinybot 60 carbon fiber I found it on safari
@josemarrero2800 Жыл бұрын
This definitely looks like real carbon fiber, only issue I would have towards it is when you stretch the vinyl it messes with the weave pattern. You can see it at @28:05 where you got the bottom middle moving towards the right while the middle top is straight.
@Mikrrii2 жыл бұрын
I always hated carbon wrap because every single one that i saw in person from a mile away you can tell that’s just a wrap and it always looks so cheap , especially in interior trim wrap. Not to mention the matte carbon was just horrible to me but this wrap just looks so realistic that its really crazy. Awesome work, top 5+
@c7dermatome2 жыл бұрын
So beautiful! I almost couldn't watch when you hit it with a steel brush! Great to hear about CK wraps own brand of PPF, will definitely be my product of choice from now on!
@ikepre2 жыл бұрын
So what did Enterprise think when you turned the car back in? Looks nice, you make it look easy…
@CKWraps2 жыл бұрын
I removed it before bringing it back lol
@michellemorehead1372 Жыл бұрын
We JUST paid $1200.00 for a new carbon fiber hood after my husband hit a deer that ran in front of him on the road. I would have just paid to have the car repaired and wrapped if only I'd seen your video last month!😱❤❤❤
@ItzDiizy2 жыл бұрын
Just started watching, love what you do and your genuine care for it, but I gotta show some appreciation for the 4k video, looks BEAUTIFUL and not enough people use it so i can make use of my monitors true resolution lmao
@CKWraps2 жыл бұрын
I upload everything in 4K now. There's no better way to watch unless you don't have the screen resolution.
@jstmag2 жыл бұрын
Can't wait for you to release your own products. Your one of very few that I trust about wrap information.
@inarkconstructora4676 Жыл бұрын
Where can i buy this WRAP ? Model please ?
@alphasaiyan5760 Жыл бұрын
Yeah watching this in 2160k made a big difference in me making the decision to use this product. Great video.
@patrickpimentel9322 жыл бұрын
Hi Chris. What’s the brand name of this specific carbon fiber that you used?
@richsidwell93672 жыл бұрын
Tinybot 6d carbon fibre
@nestormoreno41812 ай бұрын
@@richsidwell9367is it from tiny bot fr ?
@G1Z2 жыл бұрын
I watched so many of your videos and knew I was ready! Went and spent all my money buying some wrap because it’s so easy to DIY obv! Well, I wasted a few yards and more than a few hours, and the rest of the roll is still in my garage.
@mansochannel91992 жыл бұрын
That’s impressive! Where can i buy some of that vinyl?
@CKWraps2 жыл бұрын
Tinybotvinyl.com
@XxXNyMpHoXxX2 жыл бұрын
@@CKWraps Which one out of the 4 on the site is the one??
@cptrey2 жыл бұрын
@@CKWraps which specific vinyl? maybe post a link?
@remo93102 жыл бұрын
@@XxXNyMpHoXxX Gloss 6D Carbon Fiber
@remo93102 жыл бұрын
@@cptrey Gloss 6D Carbon Fiber
@torriewalker28202 жыл бұрын
I'm getting my car wrapped in this carbon fiber wrap now. Appreciate this vid. I can't wait until it's done.
@nigelfoxwell94232 жыл бұрын
"best carbon I've ever seen" mumbles brand once in 53 minutes
@munki2992 Жыл бұрын
Tinybots said very clear 😂
@kevin-haggerty2 жыл бұрын
Yea hbuddy!! I have been watching you for a while now and I see your hard work, dedication to the game and always pushing things to the next level. Cograts on the new product launch dude keep crushing it daily!!!!!!!
@CB-uh6vv2 жыл бұрын
Where did you purchase it??
@flixtv911 Жыл бұрын
fr, why show it but not where from
@munki2992 Жыл бұрын
He said tinybot goofs
@BreakerBreaker13202 жыл бұрын
WOW. Glad I waited for carbon film. I want to wrap my truck shell and now I am ready to commit to it.
@sonthelow2 жыл бұрын
Hey Chris, I’d love to know the brand of this amazing carbon fibre !
@supjxy2 жыл бұрын
I think tiny bot 6d
@fernandodelarosa65762 жыл бұрын
I'm interested in this wrap too. Haven't found it yet
@benho12122 жыл бұрын
what brand is that?
@Theundisputedtruth6 ай бұрын
Rite
@Wwiaftm692 жыл бұрын
Why the hell is this so satisfying to watch . Yea i need to go grab myself some wrap and have fun
@miguelescobedo49952 жыл бұрын
What carbon fiber wrap is this?
@CKWraps2 жыл бұрын
Tinybotvinyl.com 6D carbon fiber
@miguelescobedo49952 жыл бұрын
@@CKWraps thank you sir
@NEPZ19932 жыл бұрын
I just bought a whole roll because of your video. It was out of stock so I paid an extra 100 to get it special ordered 😎
@Ruthlessbone2 жыл бұрын
"What's a real carbon fiber hood gonna cost you?" Well, since you're wrapping it instead, the labor for it is gonna be kinda the same lmao. So same difference if you ask me.
@17Nesti2 жыл бұрын
Its a quarter of the price depending on the hood and shop. Just some friendly advice
@domrodriguex2 жыл бұрын
Labor is no where near the price of a real carbon hood lol what are you talking about ?
@Blue__2442 жыл бұрын
@@17Nesti bruh i can get a carbon fibre hood for my car for 570 €
@toddbeal43732 жыл бұрын
Why do you need a shop to put on a carbon fiber hood?? Do it your self
@Ruthlessbone2 жыл бұрын
@@17Nesti nowadays good wrappers charge an arm and a leg for wrapping just FYI. They gotta make a living too.
@HotBoiMack2 жыл бұрын
I just tried mine for the first time and it's not the easiest. I got a good result but I learned a couple techniques from your video that could've made mine better. now I'm goin back out to try again.
@ouah8ter667 Жыл бұрын
Thats a really nice carbon wrap, and its not hard to tell your a pro bro, you make it look easy, well done 👏
@nutsmonkey7872 жыл бұрын
Crazy how I found this video while looking for nice carbon fiber vinyl to put on my Jaguar. Great video good work!
@bigsquatchsasfoot1964 Жыл бұрын
Looks real to me dude I definitely couldn’t tell the difference, I’m thinking of doing the bonnet of my car as the paints a bit crap and think it would good on a bright red car anyway … but you make it look easy you got some skills dude 😉👍
@warrens20222 жыл бұрын
After seeing this video I bought this TinyBots carbon fiber wrap for some interior pieces. Great stuff. I wouldn't consider anything else. Although I had a little difficulty getting the cap off.
@justingillis61502 жыл бұрын
new respect for your craft. I tried because I watch your videos. you make it look way too easy. it's not easy at all unless it's flat and that still has its problems. good shit keep up the videos for people like me. thanks brother
@Zx6ris2 жыл бұрын
Nice I requested this video, I’m glad you enjoyed the look of this wrap as much as I do!!
@CKWraps2 жыл бұрын
Happy to do this one man. Was blown away by the finish. This is the kind of film you make work even though it might not be perfected yet. In the grand scheme of things, all brands have a long way to go to perfect their films.
@Mystic-on5xy11 ай бұрын
What brand dod he used??
@marty17802 жыл бұрын
Thanks!
@bigm76402 жыл бұрын
Bad ass dude!! Make it look too easy. Glad I got you as my mentor as I begin this wrapping journey. 💪
@hektor0101012 жыл бұрын
Best carbon I've seen. I'll be trying that out on my new project. Cheers
@inthelifeofleif82682 жыл бұрын
What’s the brand
@bigdaddy7410982 жыл бұрын
Wow that looks amazing, thanks for taking the time man 👍👊
@treach5196 Жыл бұрын
They say imitation is the biggest form of flattering. And i did my matrix trunk and logol piece and my hood now all while watching you bro. Haha fake it till i make it. You definitely have the skills
@zerokazahana377111 ай бұрын
What is the best forged carbon fiber wrap out there for A) first timers B)slightly experienced Are there any clear/PPF that have metallic/pearl in it? Ex: you could take a gloss red and make it a gloss red mica or take your black pearl and add a holo flake over it Thanks for sharing your passion.
@mooosestang Жыл бұрын
Holy crap you make this look easy. i bought a 4x5 sheet of this to try and wrap my roof and failed miserably. this stuff doesn't stretch at all.
@Skot2Breal2 жыл бұрын
Blessed love Family! Thank you for everything you teach. I’ve tinted for 30 years from Hollywood to Oahu and Seattle. Would love too share what I’ve learned as well as learn more. Link Up! I’m half Canadian 😆💚💛❤️
@ADVShadow2 жыл бұрын
This is just a masterpiece of handwork… I want to do the same on my car but I don’t know of any good place here in Miami to do something like you just did… I loved… thanks for sharing this 🙏🏻🔥🔥🔥✌🏻
@JD-wm4uv2 жыл бұрын
This guy has been wrapping vehicles for quite a long with lots and lots practice trial and error
@ThePatMarky2 жыл бұрын
This Wrap seems legitelly awsome ! Can't wait to see that wrap covered with PPF ! the ppf over it should give the final look even deeper.
@GreyHarleyDood Жыл бұрын
I know you're a master of the craft an making it look easy - but thank you so much. Excited learning to wrap and you're videos are phenomenal. 🙏
@shanestewart95052 жыл бұрын
I’ll be watching a hundred hours of your stuff. I’m attempting my first wrap soon, but for now I will keep tuned in.
@GetFixed-or-DIYTrying5 ай бұрын
Great work man! Appreciate the helpful tips and explanations you give. Also your work ethic is solid and says a lot about you as a person. That's how I try to approach all my work. If it's worth doing it's worth doing it right. If I wasn't doing it myself I would definitely want you to. Thanks!!
@MissDebbye2 жыл бұрын
You have the patients of a saint! I couldn't imagine how nuts I would make myself!
@Rocky-sy9zt2 жыл бұрын
WOW! Your work is insane, you do it with no effort! Seriously, You had more trouble opening the hood than wrapping it. You're definitely skilled! Also, yeah, definitely way better than the other carbon look wraps I've seen.
@jamesflores11463 ай бұрын
The art is in the detail. Great video boss ❤
@MrRebustr2 жыл бұрын
My best friend surprised me for my bday after what i thought had been my truck been stolen after he borrow it to move stuff ....i had gps on it ...a 1976 chevy bonanza c10 long bed ..we found it on the beach literally on sand ...well he coverd the whole truck in this carbon fiber wrap but this one looks like kevlar ...i can not drive anywhere without getting kids running next to me and say rev it or taking pictures....im going love it more and more every day ...thanks for video i need learn new skills
@lummy3212 жыл бұрын
Brilliant CK Boss 👑💕❤️🙏🙌 looks like 7D carbon fibre buddy.... Insane
@growingwithjoy2 жыл бұрын
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥 just got my car wrapped, gonna start posting it on my channel.. this was amazing to watch!
@ilovec4s250 Жыл бұрын
I been buying this off ebay for years, they call it 7-d wrap as in 7th dimension it works so good
@DH-bw2rx2 жыл бұрын
Ordered a sample of this stuff, I had to see it for myself. Might want my Hellcat hood wrapped in it. Thanks for the video, well done!
@Sk_2real2 жыл бұрын
Where u order it from??
@Berti_002 жыл бұрын
Yah where
@josephcruz73682 жыл бұрын
@@Berti_00 tinybot vinyl
@benfenton28542 жыл бұрын
Love this vinyl! I’m from the UK and it seems like this company won’t ship to the UK, would you know anywhere where I can get my hands on it here in England? ?
@pwp.fc32 жыл бұрын
Heck I’d be willing to ship it to you. I order and ship to me, then forward to you. Cover everything and it’s yours!
@jayceecombs68872 жыл бұрын
Very Detailed! Really kept my attention. Kind of like memorized! Thank you, J
@keypubg83112 жыл бұрын
Can u do tutorial how to wrap on small part.. i have problem with corner, hole and other hard part
@SHADOWDENNIS2 жыл бұрын
Awesome video Chris! Keep up the good work! Greetings from Croatia!
@Bigalinjapan2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for highlighting the scrape the paint issue. Was really wondering about it.
@ramonrodrigueziii26642 жыл бұрын
What is the brand of this wrap and what the new version called?.. looks awesome.
@BigRay1918_2 жыл бұрын
Yo bro ever since I seen your KZbin I bought my own wrap now I’m wrapping my interior of my car
@BillClay88 Жыл бұрын
That is wild. Would love to see the genius that goes into making this style of vinyl. Get us a tour of factory and film it. Lol.
@theayatollahofrockandrollah2 жыл бұрын
It was a pleasure watching you work Sir
@k1ortia2 жыл бұрын
Watched this start to finish as I'm interested in starting a business in this.. looks amazing fair play.
@mystictripttv9495 Жыл бұрын
just seeing this 1year on .. where are we with the updated version of this please? also is this available in England ? 🇬🇧 thanks for your professional level content ❤ great to watch and therapeutic in a way 👍
@Autocreatorz2 жыл бұрын
yea that stuff looks like the stuff i used that i got on Amazon it was like 75 for a hood peices, it was a little tuff for me to do on my own but came out great very realistic
@raeefsadiq81767 ай бұрын
Starting from the middle and front and then going towards the windshield.. Well done, boss
@otallono2 жыл бұрын
Watching you do this makes me want to work for you, looks like a fun job
@festo88852 жыл бұрын
I've wrapped a few hoods and roof, learnt myself and never once thought of marking paint with knife. Over the years watched "professional" vids and was shocked to see people doing that. Nice job though, I like that carbon effect
@2exiw2 жыл бұрын
Rock rose makes a 7D gloss. Carbon that looks really good. You should check them out. And thanks for the tips I got from watch your wrap.
@SayyShhh2 жыл бұрын
i ordered a roll of that today. you have used it?
@clpow32 жыл бұрын
That Corner seal you did...... Blow my mind away... its GONE.... I'm a perfectionist, I would have re do this anyways since I'm not happy with the stretch did on that one side. 😆
@ashleypinto6070 Жыл бұрын
Gorgeous looking wrapped car. Will it hold in the NE winter with a ton of snow on it? Also, does a wrapped car have to be parked in a garage instead of outdoors?
@Autocreatorz2 жыл бұрын
i got 3 different ones on Amazon and 1 of them looked great over the other 2 very realistic, not overly glossy
@christopherrojas23962 жыл бұрын
Have a link to the best one?
@2exiw2 жыл бұрын
Best looking wrap I have ever seen
@williammdonofrio2 жыл бұрын
The detail in that wrap is amazing.
@Overpar732 жыл бұрын
A real expert showing us the tricks, thanks!
@dakingakings71842 жыл бұрын
Bro, impressive work. I put carbon fiber hoods on my several of my cars. But if it looks this good I will start wrapping them instead.