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After failed plans in the 1920s and 1950s, the construction of a metro for the Polish capital of Warsaw began as late as 1983. Due to economic problems, the opening of the first section was delayed until 1995, and the M1 metro line reached its full length in 2008. It is 23 kilometers long and completely underground. Since 2015, the M2 line is in operation.
Between 1990 and 1997, a total of 60 class 81 trains from the Russian manufacturer Metrowagonmasch were procured. Such trains have been delivered to numerous cities in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe since the 1970s. Some trains received extensive modernization and new vehicle fronts in 2009.
In the summer of 2023, the replacement of the class 81 with new vehicles was in full swing, and the use of vehicles was already limited to a few courses.