Why Elon Musk is Really Building Starlink

[@CleoAbram]

oh god. "Daddy Bezos" is a meme! I thought I was all cool with a reference, and wow am I not cool. got it, no more of that 🥴

[@b16tran]

definitely keep doing it -- it's your personal style which is your differentiator. though for fairness sake, you should've snuck in a papa musk somewhere.

[@thecashier930]

Please don't stop! The montage in the beginning and that phrase absolutley killed me. I'm still chuckling a few hours later tbh.

[@brycewaslak1920]

I thought it was funny haha

[@gamerlifeon8794]

No, it was cool of you to add that, you have to also make your videos a little bit relatable and entertaining. So memes prove to be a good option there.

[@NeuraPod]

I enjoyed it. Keep being you!

[@IzHarris]

I strongly endorse the cat internet concept. This was so good cleo, your excitement comes through and it makes it SO fun to learn alongside you.

[@chrislanejones]

Can we have cats delivering videos of meme cat videos delivering the internet. 🤯

[@Psi105]

The internet is a series of cats running through tubes

[@sumeetbhardwaj5550]

When is your video dropping?

[@RR-et6zp]

to pay for mars

[@mjcat5000]

Cat News Network. 😂😂Love it.

[@edrose5045]

I'm genuinely impressed with your technical knowledge and how you're able to explain it in such an easy to understand way. So many journalists either can't or don't take the time to understand these things, and as a technical person I can usually pick holes in their explaination. You got this all spot on

[@ocshaljufrian6109]

Try it bro, you can ride the highest speed train for the first time in Southeast Asia. The highest speed is 350 kilometers per hour, the Indonesian fast train Jakarta - Bandung, the newest, most sophisticated in Southeast Asia, the first,.the way to the beautiful and comfortable and beautiful and cool and cool city of Bandung, thank you sis and Ka..*,

[@ocshaljufrian6109]

Try it bro, you can ride the highest speed train for the first time in Southeast Asia. The highest speed is 350 kilometers per hour, the Indonesian fast train Jakarta - Bandung, the newest, most sophisticated in Southeast Asia, the first,.the way to the beautiful and comfortable and beautiful and cool and cool city of Bandung, thank you sis and Ka..*,

[@bigl6322]

One of those geek types here, just wanted to compliment you on your ability to make the fundamentals grock-friendly to lay people. Over my 40 year career I learned to explain how an X-ray is created or how an MRI works in a manner that a 10 year old can understand, and that’s a completely separate skill set from the geekdom itself!! Good job, and I learned a few things from you here myself…thanks! Subscribed

[@blissweb]

As a tech nerd, this is a really important video for everyone in the world to see. ps. I hope my 5 year old daughter grows up to be as smart, articulate and curious as you. You're such an inspiration for the next generation. Don't ever stop making these videos. 👍

[@peanutbutterdijonnaise]

Right?! I can’t wait to share Cleo with my inquisitive toddler son once he’s a bit older. 😁

[@CC-iu7sq]

She also threw some subtle inaccurate shade at musk. She said at the end of the video that Starlink is for the wealthy. $2500 for the hardware and $250 per month is not expensive to your average American. She’s becoming more and more far left. It’s rather annoying at this point.

[@kiyoponnn]

you're not a tech nerd, you're a pretender

[@kiyoponnn]

@@CC-iu7sq no she is correct. starlink aims for global availability, plus you are assuming based on your confirmation bias. Just because you and people around you can afford it, it does not mean that most americans can. edit: also some friendly advice that is helpful for everyone, do not obsess over politics. All politicians do is lie and steal. Same goes for the ultrarich.

[@kiyoponnn]

@@CC-iu7sq and speaking of elon's misdeeds you should watch j aubrey's expose on him to understand the kind of scammer he truly is

[@johnshields3658]

Watching this from Zambia, on a new Starlink. Just a massive, massive difference

[@snorttroll4379]

Is mufasa there? Did u have the elephant cooling meeti gs today? But seriously. Why dont space x etc serve say china with unscencored inrernet? Will they shoot dowm the satellites?

[@Avix-136]

What is it like on it

[@sirfer6969]

@@Avix-136 I used Starlink in NZ and got 200Mbps down and 80up

[@SeanCasey-q2g]

@@snorttroll4379they COULD serve China… if China let them.

[@Avix-136]

@@sirfer6969 damm

[@katarinamarinkovic8661]

The fact that you literally give a free lecture on such topics like this one is incredible. Thank you so much for your research, your content and presentation. So many people can benefit from this and might even start doing some research on their own. You rock Cleo!

[@johnnybravohonk6964]

You paid with your time.

[@Skunkhunt_42]

Go put that comment in a MIT open courseware video. Seriously

[@edwardtse8631]

seriously, is this the first tutorial you watch on youtube?

[@acenull0]

Agreed. I watched one video and subscribed. Great quality and coverage

[@mremtb7689]

I would not really classify this as a lecture. More like fun facts entertainment

[@milesmottershead5957]

We are in a area in Australia that has no internet except starlink it has changed our lives

[@sIosha]

I'm glad to hear you're benefitting so greatly from it! I'm worried about the richest man in the world turned right-wing conspirator having such power over vulnerable populations, though.

[@gerry-p9x]

​@@sIoshayup that's why we have a drone prob. The net on earth be it cut off and this is gonna be the norm

[@Brumljw]

@@sIosha You're allowed to complain when you contribute something to the world. Until then sit down

[@Brumljw]

BTW I'm also in Aus with no reliable access except starlink. Glad Elon did this

[@EllenCresswell]

The need for internet is not the question...it's who owns/controls it! Oligarchs, billionaires, absolute power corrupts absolutely!!! Power of the purse!!!

[@angelaxuereb9138]

not me watching this while connected to my starlink 😭 hello from australia

[@ToryBohn]

i watched this via Starlink which i've been using for the better part of 2 years, and it's comparible to most peoples fiber in speed and stability. Customer since May 2021. As a Software Engineer it was a life saver when my work switched to full time work from home during the pandemic, and i was previously relying on hughesnet and a shoddy hotspot. Thanks to all of this the ground based providers, which can still provide it with faster speeds and cheaper are getting around to running cable, finally.

[@DirdraOFlaherty]

The video was made by an American lady sitting in her gamer chair. Need I say more?

[@rogerphelps9939]

Sarlink will be squeezed out. uncompeitive in populated areas with exttensive mobile and cable networks. Unaffordable for most in much of the world wih low population densiy.

[@SecondLifeDesigner]

The problem with Starlink and other space based internet systems is in order to get latency down to an acceptable level you have to have your satellites in low Earth orbit. Low Earth orbit means these satellites will have a very short life expectancy of just a few years as their orbits decay and they burn up or crash back to Earth. The means you must replace tens of thousands of satellites every few years to keep it up and running. Undersea cables last a minimum of 25 years.

[@Freddy18w]

Can they have thrusters to keep them in orbit?

[@raiden542]

@@Freddy18w yes, its how the ISS stayed in orbit for so long, OP is wrong here, satellites stay a very long time in LEO.

[@specialkonacid6574]

low earth orbit also makes the satelittes more vulnerable to damage from solar activity

[@shantanugote]

in India we are lucky to have better faster and cheaper internet in every corner of country currently jio is currently giving 1gbps on mobile network is very wide area of range and 500-350mbps in most of country by other providers so i guess if government institute and corporate institute work together in compitatative environment where monopoly is no existing we get good internet ❤😊

[@supergrafxengine4620]

You don't need to be near earth to do low latency..... Starling is polluting our space. You really have to stop giving money to that Ponzi schemer Elon . Wake up!

[@jonhutto580]

Individual people in rural Kenya will never be able to afford Internet at any price point, but a community can come together and get a StarLink that everyone in a town can use when in town.

[@rogerphelps9939]

Indeed. conversely, in places that could afford Sarlink it is unnecessary because of exensive cable and mobile networks that will be cheaper.

[@KILLERTX95]

Cleo: "internet is a marvel of human ingenuity" Me (former network engineer for multiple ISPs): "the internet is a marvel of duct tape and wd40 on the levels of Macgyver and the formation of English language as a whole"

[@shefchenko111]

wtf

[@KILLERTX95]

@@shefchenko111 the words, "didn't expect it to be this big" come up way too often in the world of internet. So everyone had to Frankenstein their way to what it is now.

[@LiquidReality90]

Could you expand on that please? Computer science is a hobby of mine. How much old legacy equipment is still up and running? are any good books to read on the history of internet infrastructure. I understand it started as ARPANET.

[@KILLERTX95]

@@LiquidReality90 not a question I have ever had. I don't have any books you could read. Plainly though, previous work place rolled 20 year old Cisco's as "new" and those are replacing something even older. It's a truly staggering amount of EOL hardware out there. In ISP and networking as a whole. This is true for every isp I have contacts in too.

[@MaheerKibria]

Which makes it a bigger marvel of ingenuity.

[@donnafutrell77]

After years of no Internet at my home and that cellular service, I now have Starlink and has changed my world! my daughter now has Internet to do her online classwork as well when we had no other options.

[@WhatOkaybro99]

Amazing. enjoy the internet like us fortunate.

[@McMayoMemes]

Says “Daddy Bezos” so casually 💀 5:00

[@Hamburgermfhelpme]

I noticed it too😂😂😂

[@Icefrostmiguel]

I haven't bought starlink. But when my family threatened our internet provider that we would change to starlink because fibre was not available, they proceeded to install fiber in our location. It has already made an impact!

[@sgholt]

The fiber was probably already there...ATT installed fiber long before Google fiber was available.

[@Icefrostmiguel]

@@sgholt no. I can say there was not fiber, because it took 6 months since we made the call. We do know the local technicians. Its Portugal not the US. Small country, we know even the workers. Rural locations got mass fibre introduction since starlink made its way into the Portuguese market.

[@sommmeguy]

Fibre to the doorstep because you complained? I am sceptical.

[@irishguy0193]

I absolutely loved this video. I'm getting an actual internet connection after 3 years (moving away from mom and dad's for the first time post college). Internet infrastructure is such a huge talking point for the rural community I've been living in. This video hit the nail on the head. Cool video Cleo! 😃

[@larryscarr3897]

I live in the woods of north Canada, I have satellite internet, not musk, cuz his crap sucks power like a junkie sucks up crack. My internet is fast and pulls 30w router and wifi.. musk junk pulls 100w and costs way more and it is not reliable. I did have to cut a few trees, but that was for the solar panels, not directly for satellite. What provider do you use, and how is it working for you?

[@irishguy0193]

@@larryscarr3897 Oh, I just moved to a bigger city, so I'm using a bigger provider now. But for my folks, some of them are using a 5G hot spit device that's working incredibly well for them.

[@tylerpalmer8973]

I don't know how this happened, but I've only recently stumbled across this channel. Like, within the last few days. I absolutely love it. Love how accessible you make the nerdy stuff I enjoy to consume!

[@theinterstellarfeller]

As an avid fan of your content AND an astrophotographer, thank you for mentioning one of the downsides of Starlink! Greatly appreciated.

[@sebastianorye2702]

You're not wrong, but it seems as if this downside of Starlink often is exaggerated. Starlink and SpaceX have been in talks with top Professional astronomers and have left them pleased. They cited that some amateur astronomers might still be unhappy, but the International Professional community is pleased. Some of the changes that have been made to the Satellites was the new coating or exterior shell which would reflect much less light, as well as altering its angling towards the earth. Another thing Important to mention is the fact that Starlink Satellites are much less reflective once reaching final orbit, with most of cited photos and videos being the weeks following the launch and hence when they arent in position. Hope this clears up some of the misconceptions.

[@snuffeldjuret]

Personally I don't worry about Starlink, I worry about Kuiper

[@headdown1]

@@sebastianorye2702 As an astrophotographer and Starlink user I too am interested in this problem. And I am curious as to why it is felt that this will affect amateurs more than professionals? I have not heard this, nor that that professional astronomers are now happy. Can you tell me where to read more about this? Even in final orbit and with less reflective paint, I can't imagine any astrophotographer not recording the satellite trails. On the other hand, I must say that I have NOT seen an increase yet in satellite trails in my images. But I think that it is just a matter of time.

[@yw6602]

why so?@@snuffeldjuret

[@snuffeldjuret]

@@yw6602 because they haven't demonstrated that they care as much.

[@AkashKanodia]

I love how Cleo puts everything in her head all together in an organised, bitable and fun-to-learn videos! 😄

[@elektrotehnik94]

This guy gets it.

[@eitkoml]

But she never covered why these companies are doing it. Why are they launching all of these satellites into orbit when it could not possibly make a profit and the vast majority of people in underserved, remote areas could not possibly afford the high cost of Starlink. Hopefully it won't result in Kessler Syndrome.

[@KoronCooper]

I learned this in 1999 from a professor at a technical school i was considering attending a couple of years after high school. I became more engulfed in writing music and my younger brother ended up taking his class a year later. I still ended up learning the original purpose of the internet, how the major highways in the US are involved as well as the ocean. Cool stuff.

[@wendellcrim8647]

For my rural location, bringing fiber to the house is approximately $15,000. Starlink cost $500. Speed is fast and latency is low. If the house has "defensible space" for wildfire, then Starlink is not obstructed by trees.

[@cleo137]

𝟷𝟼𝟼𝟿𝟸𝟻𝟹𝟼𝟹𝟷𝟶♥️

[@agps4418]

i have been using starlink for a month, in a really rural place, in an oppressive country. The liberation starlink gives feels like i am born anew. i can now cook for myself (thanks youtube) i can provide electricity for myself (thanks again youtube) and i can do some hustle for my future. my life is changing just because of starlink. And to think that a government deprive its people of it.

[@finnybflyin]

So glad to see rural corners of the world getting internet! Of course, my friend, dictators can only oppress and succeed when the oppressed is cut off from news and education.

[@moi5219]

That cat drawing almost made me cry. Humans are am. The joy you bring to learning echoes my own which I find so rarely and it is so beautiful to see shining out in the wilds of KZbin. Thank you for researching creating and thanks to your team. Please keep up the fantastic work.

[@KreatorX1029]

I love how ~10 min of the video was focused on building up, by showing the existing infra - this is what makes this video (and the channel!) different from other videos that are just “this would be so cool” speculations, with little to gain from them, until the thing actually happens. This video, on the other hand, taught me quite a bit in a span of ~10 min (that I didn’t appreciate before, for sure) before going on to making fact-based predictions. Love the editing choice here. Thanks, Cleo :)

[@CleoAbram]

This is exactly the comment I was hoping for when I made this video! I'm so so glad it was helpful.

[@simonrodriguez4685]

@@CleoAbram Yes, it’s edge of the chair intensity from beginning to end. The build up is remarkable.

[@JimmyKeeseeJr]

I'm watching this over several layered VPNs from China. I've wondered a time or two how many of those cables I'm using at any given time. Love your channel and your general outlook. Great content. Thanks for choosing to create it!

[@providenceifeosame6126]

Software Engineer here watching from Nigeria with a Starlink, thanks for the video Cloe.

[@Amphictyon1]

Cleo, you're truly gifted, and you obviously work very hard (production value and presentation: off the charts). I'm amazed that your great lessons don't have millions of views.

[@ocshaljufrian6109]

Try it bro, you can ride the highest speed train for the first time in Southeast Asia. The highest speed is 350 kilometers per hour, the Indonesian fast train Jakarta - Bandung, the newest, most sophisticated in Southeast Asia, the first,.the way to the beautiful and comfortable and beautiful and cool and cool city of Bandung, thank you sis and Ka..*,

[@ocshaljufrian6109]

Try it bro, you can ride the highest speed train for the first time in Southeast Asia. The highest speed is 350 kilometers per hour, the Indonesian fast train Jakarta - Bandung, the newest, most sophisticated in Southeast Asia, the first,.the way to the beautiful and comfortable and beautiful and cool and cool city of Bandung, thank you sis and Ka..*,

[@seanbrynda2961]

Before there was the internet, lumberjacks were logging on trees all day.

[@Jadamhodges]

You make good videos Cleo!😊

[@aritraray3068]

As an Electrical Engineer, this video was a delight to watch. Extremely well presented. Thank you !!

[@SamWulfign]

I agree with most points about this, however Astronmers complaining about this also needs to take into account why this is needed, yes it's blocking your view of the stellar objects, but it is also needed for rural and regional residents of many countries, In situations like Natural disasters. During the 2019 fires in australia I was on satalite internet and that was my only source of getting reliable data to keep me and my mother safe. My phone was unable to get signals due to the smoke, but the satalite was able to pick up the internet thus keeping me always informed about what was going on. There needs to be agreements and information sharing between all parties when it comes to this, and I'm also of the opinion that we need to start moving asteroid/meteor tracking into orbit and potentially the moon, this is really the only way we'll be able to keep most parties happy in this regard. Additionally I am on starlink now and I honestly couldn't be happier with the service I'm getting, it's the most reliable internet I have ever gotten. occasional cutouts and downs but realitively tolerable.

[@aldunlop4622]

My mate in Tassie loves it, raves about it. We play online games together, and he gets better pings than I do, in Sydney!

[@xRambo007]

Imagine using our time and resources on improving the world, and not wasting it on crime and fighting each other!

[@Footprints1111]

What a world it will be! 😇🦋🌈✨

[@matandoeltempo]

Five or six videos in, this is already my favorite educational channel. The rationally optimist point of view, the high quality research and... Cleo. Your vibe uplifts me every time. So awesome. Thank you.

[@jm4981]

This a well made video... you're presenting info as if it's new to both of us but you're so clear and fluid that I suspect you actually honestly understand all of this yourself amd that makes the presentation 2x better

[@niwamanyatrevor4645]

Damn u opened my eyes ...thought all long internet was in space. Thanks alot

[@JackClose]

Incredible work as always Cleo, perfectly timed as well as I’ve been hearing more and more about this recently!

[@imagnihton2]

Huge fan of your work, the way the information is laid out... you're a gem ! I thank you so much for your efforts and of your team. Greatly appreciated!

[@GustavoYmusica]

Just subscribed! 2 years ago you released this video and it finally found me. Thank you for what you do. So informative and inspiring 🙏

[@MarriedWithBackpacks]

What an awesome video! Your excitement about the subject really draws me intro the video. Btw, I'm watching this video through Starlink internet. It's awesome. I live in rural Spain, completely off grid, our local ISP could only get us 30/5Mbps, not terrible, but my wife and I both work from home, so it's not enough. Both on a zoom meeting, forget about it, downloading a couple of GB in footage, well we'll get there eventually. But now everything is super fast. It's not cheap, so I would not reccomend it to everyone, but if you have a need for it, don't hesitate. It's really good.

[@bharadwaj-n]

4:49 Daddy Bezos !!!?????🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣

[@steverodgers333]

This was so interesting. I'm new to your channel and I'm happy you popped up on my feed. Appreciate your work, thanks for sharing. Liked & Subscribed!!!

[@FerociousPancake888]

Was an RF engineer for a few years. I think you did a fantastic job of explaining modulation/how waves become binary code! It’s so complicated that I, a professional with an extremely good understanding of this topic, left the industry only two years ago, and when I see how much has changed in that short time I’m just 🤯

[@InternetPersons]

I feel like a lot of the problems that satellite internet providers are trying to solve would be better solved by forcing ISPs to actually expand their coverage or better yet for municipal broadband to expand ground-based internet coverage. There are also things like fixed-point wireless internet services and 5G that can expand ground-based coverage without needing to build out fiber optic cables everywhere.

[@Curt_Sampson]

Yes. The U.S. for example, could start by not letting the sole commercial fibre provider in an area sue municipalities who try to set up their own fibre for their own communities. It's not unusual in certain areas of the U.S. that you can't get cheap fibre because the governments and courts have decided that it must be a monopoly owned by a private company. Probably even more helpful would be a bit of regulation to make the market more free and open. Don't allow companies that provide local loops to provide Internet access (or even own ISPs), but instead make them sell the local loop service on an equitable basis to separate ISPs. Here in Japan I have only two choices of where to get my fibre local loop (NTT or Usen, both about $50/month), but on NTT I have a choice of more than two dozen ISPs, ranging from $5/month consumer services to $75/month business services that give me eight static IP addresses intended to be used for hosting servers. We don't have any "net neutrality" laws or even discussion here because any ISP that starts trying to limit their customers' access will quickly find their customers moving to another ISP. It's ironic that it's in the more "socialist" countries that you actually get market competition in this area (and others), and in the U.S. you too often don't.

[@TROBassGuitar]

​@@Curt_SampsonCapitalism is about killing the competition, some times literally

[@MattLong90]

I saw the starlink train for the first time last night just South of Boston in the US. It was 3 mins of ABSOLUTE CRAZYNESS. To see 30ish perfectly spaced illuminated satellites go over head silently has to be the closest thing to a UFO encounter.

[@tim290280]

As someone who has lived rurally for a large chunk of my life, I can safely say that there is no internet company or tech firm that actually wants to service rural or poor areas. It always takes huge government monies and incentives to make happen - hence why global south countries don't have decent, or in some cases any, internet. There is more to this "race" than the press releases are telling us.

[@damilareowosangba7864]

What's more to it here? They are leveraging their expertise in launching satellites to create a reliable internet infrastructure and make money doing it....All these head scratching sceptism about the most basic things is tiring...It only displays moronic stupidity.

[@tim290280]

@@damilareowosangba7864, for someone accusing others of stupidity, it appears you aren't able to read a comment and do the lateral reading before responding.

[@damilareowosangba7864]

@@tim290280 yeah do the lateral reading.,🙄🙄..Ode

[@ayobamikale]

@@damilareowosangba7864 Ẹ gba wá hahaahhahahahaaha ọ̀dẹ̀ lò ń pè é 😭😭😭

[@damilareowosangba7864]

@@ayobamikale is he not an Ode? 🤣🤣

[@sinesiopaco]

This is awesome. I love how you put the concepts in a nutshell and are very easy to grasp. Loving your work Cleo!

[@angellarreal2172]

I have a telecommunications bachelor degree and I loved how you summarized modulation! Thanks for sharing this knowledge and captivate everyone.

[@simonrodriguez4685]

Truly astonishing, but so is the resemblance with preceding technologies. Fiber optic cables are kind of a light speed, light based telegraph, as much as a nuclear power plant still relies on steam.

[@RuralJuror420]

“Daddy Bezos” 😭😂😂😂😭🥵

[@gufredd9675]

You are a very good communicator and teacher. Thank you for your hard work. 👍

[@SteviusMaximus]

Cleo, awesome video(s)! Love your enthusiasm, research, and production! I actually worked on cable ships for years and it is great to see some cool video about how it all fits together! Thank you!

[@pedrofvrito]

As a postdoc researcher in networking engineering, this video is amazing! Great work 💫

[@CleoAbram]

thank you so much!! means a lot, as an absolutely-no-education-in-network-engineering, to hear that someone like you likes it!

[@rajadhirajmaharaj]

@@CleoAbram nice sarcasm. :D "u do phd, i do youtube. wassup beta!" style.

[@normalman3939]

whatttt aaaaa videeooooooo!!! i got goosebumps alll the time like!!! what a script!! not even a single sentence was unworthy! CLEO IS THE GOAT!

[@PatMunz]

Over the last year the monthly cost for my Starlink has dropped from 100€ to 80€ to now only 65€. This is nearly equal to the cost of my local provider but with 10 times the speed.

[@Geosquare8128]

starlink's plans are incredibly ambitious with the sheer quantity of satellites they plan to launch and the company going into massive debt to launch a fraction of them. while the cost to the consumer is low-ish now (I'd still say that $100/mo is prohibitively high if you're trying to market it as a global, inequality-liberating vehicle) the price will go wayyyyy up to subsidize further launches, let alone pay off the accelerating debt the company is taking on. if you sacrificed latency you could accomplish much higher global internet coverage with a one-thousandth of the satellites. also you can't deny that a project of this scale has thousands upon thousands of points of failure that are literally in space. ultimately I'd say that it is too expensive and risky to be effective at what it claims to

[@wayne-kj4iw]

42000 satellites replaced every 5 years ,,,

[@wayne-kj4iw]

as an old person i may not understand it all but having satellites make it easier for hackers ?

[@Geosquare8128]

@@wayne-kj4iw that probably isn't a major concern honestly, I think physical issues are what's the worst

[@jasonlittle6542]

Just a few counterpoints: Spacex has the lowest launch costs of any launch provider in the world, and as time goes on, the current price of Starlink will turn a profit. Each of these satellites are not single points of failure, but points of redundancy. Finally, the expense is borne privately, with no taxpayer commitment, so the financial risk is borne by those who believe it's worth the gamble (unlike Oneweb).

[@HarrisonAdAstra]

@@Geosquare8128 aren’t you just a ray of sunshine. My freind jason here did a good job explaining why you have no idea what you are talking about in a quick summary. If you have any objections then please reply to me and Jason. ( : Thanks dream debunker guy 👍

[@cinto1394]

Hi, I just stumbled upon your video on egg freezing and thought to check out your other videos. Absolutely, mindblowing and eye-opening video this one is. Thanks for sharing! Btw, your passion shines through the screen. Love it, lady!

[@iamharishkashyap]

Waited for this one for a long time, and finally it’s here. I think the Internet has become a fundamental right of people these days. Compared to five-six years ago, the Internet was unaffordable. But, today, I can’t imagine that we’re getting cheap internet access here in India. A great video, and kudos to you for your research. Journalism at its best! 👏🏻❤️

[@themeandrousengineer]

This is some really great content. I feel like it exemplifies what good the internet and KZbin can be used for.

[@akashmohapatra9451]

A recent follower of yours..and i just love how inquisitive and curious u r and that in turn benefits us who had no idea about so many wonders around us .

[@bretthartzell2426]

Great video! You have a unique way of thoroughly explaining all the details while keeping it lighthearted.

[@parthkadam8493]

I love how informative your videos are, keep it up!!!

[@BoeBinsky]

Seeing starlink fly over my house was probably one of the coolest things I’ve ever seen

[@eapbg]

A quick side note. At 7:19 Subaru Starlink is not the same as the Elon Musk Starlink. Subaru Starlink is more like GMs OnStar. It gives the capability to contact emergency support and whatnot. It's been around since 2015ish but don't quote me on that. My 2017 Subaru Outback has it. At least part of it uses cellular service. I recently received a notice that the 3G portion is obsolete and if I wanted to retain service I would need to upgrade the hardware to switch to 4G.

[@aaronrdaniels]

Ya lmao, when I was a super early beta tester for Starlink, Subaru Starlink made me rage because it used to be the first results when google searching for trouble shooting

[@jelco8740]

Hahahaha did she really said "daddy Bezos" 5:00

[@aicamp4]

your videos are pretty funny for me -- cause what i thought was this was all general information, and knowning some of the topics, the analogies/simplifications you draw make me smile. Happy to see you're helping bridge the general knowledge gap. To add to the stability problem you mentioned: space weather (such as solar flares or thick clouds within the propogation path) in addition to other blockages. Not to mention the space junk in orbit (be it satellites crashing into them, adding to the space junk as the tech is improved).

[@NunoBarreto74]

Great video and simple explanation of the differences between the different types of internet "transmission" options available. The low-orbit satellites finally made sense to me. Great job.

[@mitchcameron]

Thanks for the video, although Musk has said he needed Starlink for communication on mars and that earth was just the first step. It’s a much bigger play than just cheap internet for him at least.

[@cleo137]

𝟷𝟼𝟼𝟿𝟸𝟻𝟹𝟼𝟹𝟷𝟶♥️

[@mundanelark1852]

Same thing with The Boring Company, practicing drilling for Mars.

[@DavidHolland-wh1qr]

I find your shows really good. I enjoy your enthusiasm and delightful delivery. Great job most always, this one however is exceptionally good. Thanks

[@DavidHolland-wh1qr]

😅

[@GavinColbert]

Soooo good Cleo! Would also love to learn more about what happened recently with the solar storm that knocked out a bunch of Starlink satellites...something about them being in too low of an orbital path

[@harvey66616]

That would be as relevant as including discussions about ship anchors ripping up telecom cables from the ocean floor (which happens from time to time). The solar storm heated the atmosphere a bit, causing it to expand enough to cause increased drag on a group of recently-launched satellites that hadn't reached their final orbit altitude yet. They didn't have enough thrust available to move higher to their destination altitude, and so wound up "de-orbited" by the drag. It was unfortunate, but not in any way a relevant plot point in the broader narrative about satellite-based Internet service.

[@SebastianMuriel]

My new favorite routine: eating lunch while watching a new episode of Huge if True. Awesome video! This one is so timely and fascinating!

[@troys6965]

As my brother predicted, the cost of bandwidth will become infinitesimal, but the demand for bandwidth will become infinite.

[@807800]

Good video!. I just have one thing to say, I think you should also mention the ongoing effort by SpaceX to mitigate the Astronomer complaint. They have been actively working with the Astronomer to address this issue since the beginning and continue in doing so. Like painting the satellite dark (too hot, failed), equipping a sun visor to each satellite to reduce its visibility, turning off the satellite transmission when passing a sensitive radio telescope.

[@realestatecoachestv]

Her liberal self won’t allow her to do that. She and Johnny Harris are doing a good job for the Democratic Party on KZbin by pushing the liberal agenda 👏🏽👏🏽

[@moth5799]

@@realestatecoachestv The Democratic party is not "liberal", that's an insult to real, Roman ideals. No American party cares about liberty or freedom, America is a theocratic dictatorship and has been since 1954.

[@markvaughan4278]

This is great! There are a lot of people in rural US alone who struggle with the digital divide. I can only imagine how long it would take for the rest of the world to catch up without this technology.

[@BeachLookingGuy]

u know, there has been sat internet for many years now.

[@nunyabusiness9433]

@@BeachLookingGuy Hughesnet and its competitors are a pale imitation of actual broadband. There's no such thing as real time communication due to the latency, so it's completely ineffective for working from home, which is what will probably be the main driver of rural economic development via Starlink to begin with. We struggled to run a business using cellular internet due to the limited speed in our area. If we'd had to rely on Hughesnet, we wouldn't have been able to submit the forms the government only accepted via internet simply due to website timeouts. Current satellite internet is on the wrong side of the digital divide.

[@BeachLookingGuy]

@@nunyabusiness9433 right so you think it’s sustainable to just launch thousands upon thousands of satellites for eternity so rural areas can have decent internet access?

[@nunyabusiness9433]

@@BeachLookingGuy It doesn't matter if I do. They do, and they know more about it than you or I. I do know, having been on the wrong side of the digital divide, that the benefits we will gain from it world wide will be massively worth it, even at its current high cost.

[@BeachLookingGuy]

@@nunyabusiness9433 aww c’mon bro just think, it’s not that hard. Is launching thousands upon thousands of satellites for niche internet sustainable?

[@brandowag3]

We can't let looking at each other prevent us from looking up... that struck me as one of the most profound things I've heard in a long time. 😊

[@pspgoman9934]

Hey Cleo, great video. I did want to point out that fiber and satellite aren't the only options - you can also have fixed wireless which delivers decent speeds and lower latency, and is good for rural areas.

[@FernandoRodriguez-pj5uh]

The issue is coverage you still need to setup towers and those towers need to be fed with fiber for you to offer decent speeds. Only the last mile is done wirelessly the back haul still needs fiber if you don’t get good cellphone coverage odds are your wireless internet connection will suck.

[@damham5689]

​@@FernandoRodriguez-pj5uh using repeater stations would solve that. Its been done with microwave for decades.

[@FernandoRodriguez-pj5uh]

@@damham5689 Yes but whatever you want to repeat has to be fed with fiber other wise what will you repeat. And Microwaves are usually very sensitive to bad weather. Water humidity and snow are terrible. Physical barriers and loss of line of sight are big challenges. Every time you add an amplifier your signal degrades. It’s physics. You mention microwaves. They only worked with line of sight for 30-50 miles. In a country the size of the US it becomes a challenge to reach many areas and the transmitter will be away from urban areas and will need fiber to feed enough bandwidth!! Wireless internet has been around for years. Smart people work in the industry. And there are many barriers to deploy good service in rural areas. Trust me the engineers and network architects have already thought about it. I work in the industry. Line of sight is essential for a clean robust signal to any customer. And the signal will be fed by fiber anyway you slice it.

[@zhihangtan578]

I like that she explains everything so detailed that even a person without any technical background could understand😳 Love the video!

[@peircedan]

It is not detailed. Quite the opposite. She equated the internet to the cables that carry the signals between continents. There is so much more than that to the internet.

[@jonathanmartin7287]

@@peircedan exactly

[@johnallen6945]

Well, I started working for Viacom in the early 80s. Then the company changed names about 5 times, TCI, Charter, etc. Speed was amazing with that, "fat trunk," we were laying all over even small city areas but not rural. So yes, people in populated areas have faster, more reliable internet, TV, etc , than rural, less populated areas. Wireless fills the need for rural but it isn't as good. Things like weather conditions, clouds, sunspots, and a wide variety of factors can cause reception problems. If you've ever been on a fat pipe you immediately notice the difference in wireless. But at least rural people have some connection which is better than none.

[@CaptainScuwr]

At 12:15, it is a common misconception that Starlink currently uses Inter-Satellite-Link (ISL). It is a long-term goal for them and the ISL capable satellites are in development and test, but SpaceX has been very quiet about that ongoing development. Instead, current generation Starlinks bounce a signal from a nearby ground station to your local user terminal (Dishy). Ground station availability is a major consideration in Starlink availability.

[@nikilragav]

That's pretty cool too

[@snuffeldjuret]

"Shotwell confirmed SpaceX’s previous statements that the polar-orbiting satellites, which will fly in a north-south track around Earth, will have inter-satellite laser links. The laser communication terminals were aboard the 10 Starlink satellites launched into a polar orbit Jan. 24."

[@CaptainScuwr]

@@snuffeldjuret Exactly, 10 satellites out of the close to 2,000 on orbit have this capability. It is still very much in the testing phase.

[@snuffeldjuret]

@@CaptainScuwr I don't think you contest what she is saying. She talks about "could".

[@harvey66616]

Lots of accurate info here, but would have been much more relevant to focus not on the global Internet connections (undersea cables), but rather the "last-mile" service provided to end users, something barely mentioned at all in this video. Starlink is primarily focuses on the latter, and indeed will still rely heavily on existing trunk-line connections (including transoceanic) to deliver Internet service. As far as the downside of astronomical interference goes, yes...that's a concern. But as a person who finally just this week has gotten my Starlink service hooked up, after suffering for years with the slow and unreliable cellular-based wireless Internet that is otherwise the only available service where I am, I'll say that if there are people who want fewer satellites in the air, they need to work **hard** to change the way Internet service is deployed so that there are reasonable terrestrial options over 100% coverage. Having an Internet connection is just far too important these days; as long as society doesn't make sure everyone's properly served without the use of satellites, there's going to be a market for satellite-based service and no legitimate argument to prevent it. Starlink is doing what they can to minimize the problem, and if that's not good enough for astronomers, they need to make their case as to why ground-based service needs to be expanded on the tax-payer's dime to cover everyone so that satellite service isn't needed. If they can't do that, then as frustrating as the occasional streak in their photos might be, the evidence will clearly indicate that their priorities aren't as important as providing each human with equitable access to the Internet.

[@sarjulia]

Hey, a little gentle note to your comment on astronomers not liking streaks on their photos... Have you ever considered that there are millions of people who would like to maintain their night skies free of the light pollution that these satellites produce? It's not about streaks on their pictures, it's about valuing the night sky more than any individual desire to buy cheap crap online. I understand the perceived need to have access to the internet - it's a given, these days! There are literally hundreds of millions of people who manage with little or no internet. They do not feel entitled to it and recognise it for what it is: a service. Astronomers have given us quite a bit more in the past few hundred years than the internet has over the past thirty. For one, they didn't trash the planet, like we, feeble cheap next-day crap delivery addicts have in the past ten years. You know, it's not *just* about streaks on night sky pix ... That's incredibly short-sighted and disrespectful. The world's a lot larger and much more diverse than that...

[@SeijiSuenaga]

@@sarjulia It's also incredibly short-sighted and disrespectful to characterize the global benefits of the internet as buying cheap crap and trashing the planet. Just sayin.

[@sarjulia]

@@SeijiSuenaga I was trying to match the tone of the original comment. I don't personally believe that is all the internet is good for... It must be said, thought, that buying cheap crap is what an awfully large portion of humanity use the internet for.

[@flycrack7686]

@@sarjulia " I don't personally believe that is all the internet is good for" so what??? not all streets are being used for good, whats the point of such a stupid comment???? "It must be said, thought, that buying cheap crap is what an awfully large portion of humanity use the internet for." thats not even remotly true and who the f are you telling people what do do. Your pseudo moralic stance is just pure egoistical BS

[@snuffeldjuret]

@@sarjulia "Have you ever considered that there are millions of people who would like to maintain their night skies free of the light pollution that these satellites produce?" Have you ever considered that you are exaggerating the problem? The night sky will be free, you won't see any of these satellites at night. If you want to be snarky, at least be educated.

[@borisvaiser]

Thank you, Cleo. You are the champion. No wonder you have more than a million subscribers

[@tumwebazeconrad4657]

The amount of research and editing that goes into these videos is mind blowing

[@richardcoughlin8931]

Less latency is great but who really needs it except high frequency traders and video gamers? Put the satellites up where are they won’t interfere with other important needs.

[@MuitiShipper_SN]

The daddy Bezos caught me off guard

[@obsidian_Ke]

I have never met a better explained video in my entire life. This is fantastic content. 👌👏

[@pianorockers8190]

What a truly remarkable video loved it... to be honest I feel that these questions are very much asked like how does the satellite know the waves and how is it changed to light... these binary waves and emissions intrigued all...many questions I feel are and might be unanswered like is there a point where space ends or the scientists from an Era where colonialism was seen as the future invent so many great thing but ya I hope these get answered one day and I hope it is explained easily by people like you... love from India

[@sasquatchycowboy5585]

I live in the rural south eastern U.S.A. ATT is the only provider with cable internet in my area. I was stuck with DSL that maxed out at .7mbps when it worked. ATT made it clear we were not priority customers. Or even customers that they wanted. My internet hasn't been reliable since 2010. ATT wouldn't even give me the privileges I was supposed to have under the soldiers sailor and airman relief act. When I would deploy for several months at a time I was not allowed to suspend my service, something that is clearly advised on there website. I was told that if I did that they would cap the line. Luckily this year Elon ce through. I now have decently high speed internet, ten to a hundred times faster then before I got Star Link.

[@jesselove3715]

Your vids are awesome. So far my favorite is the one on nuclear waste not really being waste. Rebrand it!! Your graphic @7:09 indicates that latency and bandwidth are synonymous. They are not. I have been an IT admin for 20 years and an online gamer for longer. :) Latency: The speed at which cars travel on the highway. Bandwidth: The size of the highway (how many cars can travel simultaneously). Latency is very important if end points are communicating back and forth rapidly, bandwidth is really important if you need to have a large amount of data transferred. Gamers need really low latency (ping) to play online with other people so each players actions are occurring at (relatively) the same time. They generally transmit small amounts of data and require low bandwidth. If you want to download a game, you need a lot of bandwidth to download the game quickly because they are 80GB+ Apologies if someone else already pointed this out. Cheers.

[@toddw6555]

You Cleo are such an incredible presenter of all thing geeky 👍. You relate incredibly detailed information in such a way that is beneficial to us all and delivered in a style that is wonderfully entertaining to follow while making it understandable to us. Thank you for all that you give, your efforts are well appreciated. Well worth subscribing to your channel, cheers.

[@gamerlifeon8794]

I feel Satellite internet might be a necessary evil, necessary for the ones without internet or good data speeds as in India where I live. But evil to those who do space observations as you mentioned.

[@joonasfi]

Yes, the thing I don't like is that they're even visible to naked eye in the night sky, and even if you were in the middle of dark forest, you now can't escape the symbols of capitalism anywhere without having billionaires' satellites ruining the view of the night sky

[@15Redstones]

@@joonasfi They're only visible to the naked eye under certain conditions. Only in the first few weeks after launch and only in the very early or late hours of the night. The majority of Starlink satellites are in operational mode and have a special system deployed to make themselves significantly less visible.

[@gamerlifeon8794]

@@joonasfi yeah man I agree but that was only with first gen the second gen was launched with a coating , so it may obstruct the view but wont be very bright in the dark sky

[@joonasfi]

Thanks for the additional details, might put my mind at ease a bit! :)

[@elektrotehnik94]

Almost all things have the positive AND the negative side. We just have to balance the 2 sides so that it's (hopefully) a net positive. When it works the best, we do the balancing by talking to each other & hammering out the best way to do it

[@coma3550]

So much Info packed into one Vid, Well done. Subscribed.

[@aidanbaksh8985]

Fun fact: a megabit (Mb) is actually exactly 10^6 bits, while a mebibit (Mib) is 2^20 bits (the number that converter gave). Colloquially they're often both referred to as Mb/megabit, but it is an important distinction for many technical details.

[@mnxs]

No, the converter was actually perfectly correct. The base-10 vs base-2 (mega vs mebi) is real and painful, but usually only applies to data _storage_ - that is, drives. There, they will say megabyte and mean a million bytes instead of (the more useful, computer-wise) 1024 kibibytes (which in turn is in turn, of course, 1024 bytes). In communications technology (like Internet bandwidth) however, mega means the same as mebi (rendering the latter redundant and unused). That is not to say that they don't "cheat" you in other ways, as they're notably giving you the number as a multiple of _bits_ and not the generally more useful _bytes_ (8 bits), in part because it inflates the numbers; also, there is often a hidden overhead from the underlying communications protocols that renders the _effective_ bitrate somewhat less.

[@akale2620]

​@@mnxshahahhaha yes. The actual speed in mbps you get is usually a 10th of what's advertised.

[@jadebee4815]

"Humans are wild." No, men are wild. We designed and built all of that. That is an accomplishment of men. If we get the blame for the violent ones, we get the credit for the good ones.

[@zavitak]

Isn't is the same thing? Humans and "men", both mean all of our species in this context right? Or you mean male humans?

[@pannerbiryani3002]

This video is incredibly informative! Thank you!

[@connerjessop8422]

Didn't expect the girl from Pirates of the Caribbean to teach me about the internet today.

[@tamnat2024]

She isn't Kiera Knightly...although they look very much alike 😊

[@dingovory]

Kiera Knightley Winona Ryder Natalie Portman Cleo Abram They're all the same person, or clones produced by some company claiming rights to their DNA and reproducing them to maximize its profits in the entertainment industry.

[@zahanmalkani]

Great video! Question: why don't we try to use the existing infrastructure that already exists in these parts of the world to provide internet access -- cell phone towers? In the spectrum from totally rural to urban, cell phone towers are probably still bad at the totally rural end, but in the middle - with technologies like 5G, they can probably provide a pretty good service without having to blanket our sky with satellites.

[@JJs_playground]

She touched on it in the video. ISPs / phone companies are not going to invest in the infrastructure to put up cell towers when it's only serving small amount of people.

[@harvey66616]

As noted, cellular providers don't want to make the investment. As a person who has used rural cellular for household Internet for several years now, I can say it would require a **much** larger investment from companies than they are apparently willing to make. The nearest towers to my house are still miles away; 5G isn't really going to make it that far anyway. And the towers that we can reach, are congested with traffic from too many users. They're a bottleneck and without increasing dramatically increasing the number of towers, decreasing the average distance to each tower, and increasing the bandwidth each tower can support, cellular just isn't going to serve the needs of most unserved rural communities.

[@curiousfirely]

There is also an issue with cell towers: sightlines. Around me, many people would have clear cut their properties to get a sightline to a tower.

[@harvey66616]

@@curiousfirely For what it's worth, I live in a heavily treed area. I'm sure the trees don't help, but the bigger problem we have is the randomness of which cell tower we connect to and the fact that most towers are themselves so congested that the actual data rate is very low. We can still get usable, if low, signal even through the trees.

[@bighands69]

Satellites offer far greater opportunities for communications. Especially when trying to build a solar level civilization. If Elon can get that to succeed he will make trillions that will be invested into space and we may end up seeing a space ferry to the moon.

[@ChrisVasava-nh1si]

This channel is not for me but still I'm watching 😂

[@badrorealist]

7:52 Please stop using sound effects that sound like notifications.

[@veerdosi00]

the effort you put into making these amazing videos is mindblowing

[@5GcE]

This hits different in 2025

[@PushkarNagpal]

Another important thing to mention regarding the Astrophotography downside to Starlink is that Elon Musk did announce that they will be / has been coated with anti-reflective coating in the newer batches to address this issue!